Add missing STL libraries to be included in the project and remove deprecated dynamic exception specifications to mitigate compilation warnings.

[Megacephalo]

The changes have the following priority:

1. [CRITICAL] Add the needed STL libraries to be able to compile on POSIX systems. I tested on my X86 64 Linux Ubuntu 22.04 LTS machine. Soon will be tested on my ARM64 machine (Jetson Orin Nano).
2. [MEDIUM] Remove the dynamic exception specifications which are deprecated on C++11 and removed in C++17. This commit aims at making the project more robust and suitable to run with more modern C++ compilers.
   For more details, please directly refer to the commits themselves. Thank you.