evmmax: Implement ate pairing for bn254 curve

[rodiazet]

Implement optimized version of ecparing precompile in evmone according to EIP197 and based on High-Speed Software Implementation of the Optimal Ate Pairing over Barreto–Naehrig Curves

• Adjust evmmax header to make possible use it's functions in constexpr initializers.`
• Extend the interface with Jacobian caordinates point
• Add template struct which implements basic logic for base and extension fields.
• Add helper functions needed by the ate pairing.
• Implement miller loop and final exponentiation.
• Add unit tests and benchmark.
• Enable the implementation to be used by state and blockchain tests

[codecov]

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 99.82669% with 1 line in your changes missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 94.50%. Comparing base (0175a1f) to head (328c153).
Report is 8 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
test/precompiles_bench/precompiles_bench.cpp	0.00%	1 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #852      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   94.37%   94.50%   +0.13%     
==========================================
  Files         162      167       +5     
  Lines       17687    18198     +511     
==========================================
+ Hits        16692    17198     +506     
- Misses        995     1000       +5     

Flag	Coverage Δ
eof_execution_spec_tests	15.34% <0.00%> (-0.45%)	⬇️
ethereum_tests	28.32% <91.50%> (+1.79%)	⬆️
ethereum_tests_silkpre	20.83% <91.39%> (+2.11%)	⬆️
execution_spec_tests	21.10% <1.55%> (-0.95%)	⬇️
unittests	89.76% <95.32%> (+0.50%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
lib/evmone_precompiles/ecc.hpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
lib/evmone_precompiles/pairing/bn254/fields.hpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
lib/evmone_precompiles/pairing/bn254/pairing.cpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
lib/evmone_precompiles/pairing/bn254/utils.hpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
lib/evmone_precompiles/pairing/field_template.hpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
test/state/precompiles.cpp	98.97% <100.00%> (+0.10%)	⬆️
test/state/precompiles_stubs.cpp	99.43% <ø> (-0.33%)	⬇️
test/unittests/evmmax_bn254_pairing_test.cpp	100.00% <100.00%> (ø)
test/precompiles_bench/precompiles_bench.cpp	0.00% <0.00%> (ø)

... and 1 file with indirect coverage changes

[chfast]

Benchmarks

Laptop, Skylake CPU, clang-18

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark                                                       Time             CPU   Iterations UserCounters...
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_mean      3062286 ns      3062130 ns           10 gas_rate=50.2268M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_median    3060822 ns      3060713 ns           10 gas_rate=50.2497M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_stddev       8425 ns         8342 ns           10 gas_rate=136.436k/s gas_used=0
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_cv           0.28 %          0.27 %            10 gas_rate=0.27% gas_used=0.00%
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_mean           7954828 ns      7954583 ns           10 gas_rate=19.3348M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_median         7951823 ns      7951512 ns           10 gas_rate=19.3422M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_stddev           12605 ns        12610 ns           10 gas_rate=30.5417k/s gas_used=0
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_cv                0.16 %          0.16 %            10 gas_rate=0.16% gas_used=0.00%

Server, AMD Zen2, clang-17

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                 
Benchmark                                                       Time             CPU   Iterations UserCounters...                                 
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------                                 
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_mean      2712678 ns      2712707 ns           10 gas_rate=56.6963M/s gas_used=1.538M             
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_median    2711113 ns      2711130 ns           10 gas_rate=56.7291M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_stddev       4666 ns         4658 ns           10 gas_rate=97.1147k/s gas_used=0
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_cv           0.17 %          0.17 %            10 gas_rate=0.17% gas_used=0.00%
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_mean           6819915 ns      6820019 ns           10 gas_rate=22.5513M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_median         6818710 ns      6818875 ns           10 gas_rate=22.555M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_stddev            6235 ns         6216 ns           10 gas_rate=20.5344k/s gas_used=0
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_cv                0.09 %          0.09 %            10 gas_rate=0.09% gas_used=0.00%

Laptop, MacBook Air (M1, 2020), Apple M1

-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Benchmark                                                       Time             CPU   Iterations UserCounters...
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_mean      1823636 ns      1823622 ns           10 gas_rate=84.3376M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_median    1823583 ns      1823581 ns           10 gas_rate=84.3396M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_stddev        545 ns          535 ns           10 gas_rate=24.7387k/s gas_used=0
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, evmmax_cpp>_cv           0.03 %          0.03 %            10 gas_rate=0.03% gas_used=0.00%
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_mean           7068315 ns      7068244 ns           10 gas_rate=21.7593M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_median         7066558 ns      7066560 ns           10 gas_rate=21.7645M/s gas_used=1.538M
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_stddev            6901 ns         6802 ns           10 gas_rate=20.9269k/s gas_used=0
precompile<PrecompileId::ecpairing, libff>_cv                0.10 %          0.10 %            10 gas_rate=0.10% gas_used=0.00%