Add Polaris as a Metastore

[williamhyun]

Description

This PR aims to add support for the Apache Polaris Catalog by implementing the HiveMetastore interface.
This allows Trino to use Polaris as a backend for the Hive connector, enabling interoperability with multiple table formats like Iceberg and Delta Lake through a single catalog.

Additional context and related issues

Apache Polaris is a REST-based catalog service designed for mainly the Iceberg table format but also natively supports open table formats. For the Polaris user, this PR addresses a major challenge in the current Trino ecosystem. While Trino can connect to Polaris using the Iceberg REST catalog, this only exposes Iceberg tables, leaving other table formats like Delta Lake and Polaris-exclusive functionalities like policies completely inaccessible.

This implementation addresses this challenge by making Polaris a metastore backend for Trino's Hive connector, providing a unified view of the data lake as well as additional functionalities previously unsupported through Trino.

Proposal:

• https://docs.google.com/document/d/1_U69fdSdW82rzZyKlJPKAnjpf0jzHhIYgUdewWMMpsk/edit?usp=sharing

Release notes

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(x) Release notes are required. Please propose a release note for me.
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## Section
* Fix some things. ({issue}`issuenumber`)

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Thank you for your pull request and welcome to the Trino community. We require contributors to sign our Contributor License Agreement, and we don't seem to have you on file. Continue to work with us on the review and improvements in this PR, and submit the signed CLA to [email protected]. Photos, scans, or digitally-signed PDF files are all suitable. Processing may take a few days. The CLA needs to be on file before we merge your changes. For more information, see https://github.com/trinodb/cla

[cla-bot]

Thank you for your pull request and welcome to the Trino community. We require contributors to sign our Contributor License Agreement, and we don't seem to have you on file. Continue to work with us on the review and improvements in this PR, and submit the signed CLA to [email protected]. Photos, scans, or digitally-signed PDF files are all suitable. Processing may take a few days. The CLA needs to be on file before we merge your changes. For more information, see https://github.com/trinodb/cla

[cla-bot]

Thank you for your pull request and welcome to the Trino community. We require contributors to sign our Contributor License Agreement, and we don't seem to have you on file. Continue to work with us on the review and improvements in this PR, and submit the signed CLA to [email protected]. Photos, scans, or digitally-signed PDF files are all suitable. Processing may take a few days. The CLA needs to be on file before we merge your changes. For more information, see https://github.com/trinodb/cla

[cla-bot]

Thank you for your pull request and welcome to the Trino community. We require contributors to sign our Contributor License Agreement, and we don't seem to have you on file. Continue to work with us on the review and improvements in this PR, and submit the signed CLA to [email protected]. Photos, scans, or digitally-signed PDF files are all suitable. Processing may take a few days. The CLA needs to be on file before we merge your changes. For more information, see https://github.com/trinodb/cla

[cla-bot]

Thank you for your pull request and welcome to the Trino community. We require contributors to sign our Contributor License Agreement, and we don't seem to have you on file. Continue to work with us on the review and improvements in this PR, and submit the signed CLA to [email protected]. Photos, scans, or digitally-signed PDF files are all suitable. Processing may take a few days. The CLA needs to be on file before we merge your changes. For more information, see https://github.com/trinodb/cla