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docs/password_management_security.md

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+# Password Management Security Documentation
+
+## Overview
+
+This document outlines the security measures implemented for the password management system in Doubtfire.
+
+## Security Features
+
+### Password Storage
+- **Bcrypt Hashing**: All passwords are hashed using BCrypt with salt
+- **No Plain Text Storage**: Passwords are never stored in plain text
+- **Salt Generation**: Each password gets a unique salt automatically
+
+### Password Validation
+- **Minimum Length**: Passwords must be at least 8 characters long
+- **Confirmation Matching**: Password confirmation must match the original password
+- **Required Fields**: Password is required during registration and password changes
+
+### Password Reset Security
+- **Token Generation**: Reset tokens are generated using `SecureRandom.urlsafe_base64`
+- **Token Expiration**: Reset tokens expire after 24 hours
+- **Single Use**: Tokens are cleared after successful password reset
+- **Email Privacy**: The system doesn't reveal whether an email exists in the system
+
+### Authentication Security
+- **Token-Based Auth**: Uses secure authentication tokens for API access
+- **Token Expiration**: Authentication tokens have configurable expiration times
+- **Current Password Verification**: Password changes require current password verification
+- **Rate Limiting**: Consider implementing rate limiting for authentication attempts
+
+## API Endpoints Security
+
+### Registration Endpoint (`POST /api/register`)
+- Validates all required fields
+- Checks for existing username/email
+- Validates password strength
+- Creates user with student role by default
+- Returns authentication token on success
+
+### Password Reset Request (`POST /api/password/reset`)
+- Accepts email address
+- Generates secure reset token
+- Logs reset request (in production, send email)
+- Doesn't reveal if email exists
+
+### Password Reset Confirmation (`POST /api/password/reset/confirm`)
+- Validates reset token
+- Checks token expiration
+- Validates new password
+- Clears reset token after successful reset
+
+### Change Password (`POST /api/password/change`)
+- Requires authentication
+- Verifies current password
+- Validates new password
+- Updates password hash
+
+## Security Considerations
+
+### Environment-Specific Behavior
+- Password management endpoints are only available when using database authentication
+- LDAP, AAF, and SAML authentication methods bypass password management
+- This ensures compatibility with existing institutional authentication systems
+
+### Error Handling
+- Generic error messages to prevent information disclosure
+- Detailed validation errors only for legitimate users
+- Proper HTTP status codes for different error conditions
+
+### Logging
+- All password-related actions are logged with IP addresses
+- Failed authentication attempts are logged
+- Password reset requests are logged with tokens (for development)
+
+## Implementation Notes
+
+### Database Schema
+The following fields are used for password management:
+- `encrypted_password`: Stores the bcrypt hash
+- `reset_password_token`: Stores reset tokens
+- `reset_password_sent_at`: Tracks when reset was requested
+
+### Frontend Security
+- Form validation on both client and server side
+- Secure token handling in Angular services
+- Proper error message display
+- Password confirmation matching
+
+## Recommendations for Production
+
+### Email Integration
+- Implement email sending for password reset links
+- Use secure email templates
+- Include expiration time in email
+- Consider email rate limiting
+
+### Rate Limiting
+- Implement rate limiting for authentication attempts
+- Limit password reset requests per IP/email
+- Implement account lockout after failed attempts
+
+### Monitoring
+- Monitor for suspicious authentication patterns
+- Log and alert on multiple failed attempts
+- Track password reset request patterns
+
+### Additional Security
+- Consider implementing password strength requirements
+- Add CAPTCHA for registration and password reset
+- Implement session management improvements
+- Consider two-factor authentication for sensitive accounts
+
+## Testing
+
+Comprehensive tests have been implemented covering:
+- User registration with valid/invalid data
+- Password reset token generation and validation
+- Password change with authentication
+- Error handling and edge cases
+- Security boundary conditions
+
+Run tests with:
+```bash
+rails test test/api/password_management_test.rb
+```
+
+## Configuration
+
+### Environment Variables
+- `DF_AUTH_METHOD`: Set to 'database' to enable password management
+- Other authentication methods (ldap, aaf, saml) will disable password management endpoints
+
+### Database Migrations
+Ensure the following migrations are applied:
+- Devise user creation migration
+- Password reset token fields migration
+- Any additional user fields migration
+
+""