Discipulus

Machine Translating Latin!

Try me!

What to look at

The main modern translation code is in lib/grammar/latin/syntax_tree/

Translation Process

Modern translation works by building a syntax tree from nodes and linking rules. Whitaker's Words is used to identify the parts of speech and their grammatical roles.

Ex:

01 puell.a              N      1 1 NOM S F                 
01 puell.a              N      1 1 VOC S F                 
01 puell.a              N      1 1 ABL S F                 
02 puella, puellae  N (1st) F   [XXXBO]  
03 girl, (female) child/daughter; maiden; young woman/wife; sweetheart; slavegirl;

Node Types

See lib/grammar/latin/syntax_tree/node/

Type	Description
S	Sentence
NP_s	Noun phrase simple
NP_c	Noun phrase compound
NP_m	Noun phrase modified
NP_r	Noun phrase rel clause
AdjP_s	Adjective phrase simple
AdvP_s	Adverb phrase simple
VP	Verb phrase
V	Verb (indicative)
V_s	Verb (indicative) simple
V_m	Verb (indicative) modified
PP	Prepositional phrase
P	Preposition
SBAR	Subordinate clause
Conj	Conjunction
RelClause	Relative clause
Rel	Relative pronoun

Linking Rules

See lib/grammar/latin/syntax_tree/transformers/ and lib/grammar/latin/syntax_tree/parser.dart

S: NP{subj} VP{predicate}

NP: NP_s | NP_c | NP_m | NP_r | NP PP
N_s: noun
NP_c: NP "et" NP
NP_m: NP (AdjP_s)+
NP_r: NP RelClause
AdjP_s: adjective
VP: V (NP[acc])? (NP[dat])? (PP)* (SBAR)?
V: V_s | V_m
V_s: verb (indicative)
V_m: V_s (AdvP_s)+
AdvP_s: adverb
PP: P NP
P: preposition
SBAR: Conj S
Conj: conjunction (et, quod, etc.)
Rel: relative pronoun (qui quae quod)
RelClause: Rel S

Parse Tree

Cornelia et pueri Romani timidi edunt glires in foro.

graph

S[**S**] --> NP4 & VP0
	NP4[**NP** compound] --> NP0 & w4([et]) & NP3
		NP0(**NP** simple) -.-> w0([Cornelia])
		NP3[**NP** modified] --> NP2 & AP1
			NP2[**NP** modified] --> NP1 & AP0
				NP1(**NP** simple) -.-> w1([pueri])
				AP0(**AdjP** simple) -.-> w2([Romani])
			AP1(**AdjP** simple) -.-> w3([timidi])
	VP0[**VP**] --> V0 & NP5 & PP0
		V0(**V**) -.-> w5([edunt])
		NP5(**NP** simple) -.-> w6([glires])
		PP0[**PP**] --> P0 & NP6
			P0(**P**) -.-> w7([in])
			NP6(**NP** simple) -.-> w8([foro])


classDef word stroke-dasharray:5 5,stroke:black;
class w0,w1,w2,w3,w4,w5,w6,w7,w8,w9 word;

Loading

S -> Cornelia and the timid Roman boys eat the dormouses in the market
├── NP_c -> Cornelia and the timid Roman boys
│   ├── NP_s: Noun[Cornelia Corneliae] nom(Nominative)  S f(Feminine) -> Cornelia
│   ├── et
│   └── NP_m -> the timid Roman boys
│       ├── NP_s: Noun[puer pueri] nom(Nominative)  P m(Masculine) -> the boys
│       ├── AdjP_s: Adjective[romanus romana] nom(Nominative)  P m(Masculine) pos(Positive) -> Roman
│       └── AdjP_s: Adjective[timidus timida -um] nom(Nominative)  P m(Masculine) pos(Positive) -> timid
└── VP -> eat the dormouses in the market
    ├── V_s: Verb[edo edere]trans(transitive) pres(Present) ind(Indicative) 3P -> eat
    ├── NP_dirObj
    │   └── NP_s: Noun[glis gliris] acc(Accusative)  P m(Masculine) -> the dormouses
    └── PP -> in the market
        ├── P: Preposition[in] abl(Ablative) -> in
        └── NP_s: Noun[forum fori] abl(Ablative)    S n(Neuter) -> the market

Running the Code

It's not currently very easy (and there is not yet a GUI), but it is possible.

You may prefer to use the web version instead.

Prerequisites

• Dart SDK
• A build of Whitaker's Words (this repository seems to be more up-to-date, but I haven't tested it)
• Rust

Operation

1. Build the ffi bindings: cargo build
2. Modify line 91 of lib/ffi/words_low_level.dart to point to your Whitaker's Words build
3. Run dart run buildscripts/test3.dart to translate the sentence listed on line 28 in that file