Add const type parameters on patterns constructor

[zoontek]

If we drop support for TypeScript < v5, we could add const type parameters on patterns constructor, which will make ts-pattern usage even more intuitive (actually, a perfect interop), as it already adopted the feature in its v5.x too.

This solves issues like this one: #62

I'm not sure it makes sense to add this to Option / Result / etc constructors, tho:

// current behavior
Option.Some("foo"); // Option<string>
Option.Some<"foo" | "bar">("foo"); // Option<"foo" | "bar">

// when adding as const type param on Some function
Option.Some("foo"); // Option<"foo">
Option.Some<"foo" | "bar">("foo"); // Option<"foo" | "bar">

PS: This PR also update dependencies and remove the legacy *.pattern object.