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18 changes: 11 additions & 7 deletions README.md
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Performance is fundamental to vector database utility, directly impacting user e
| **Marqo** | 72.11ms P50, 140ms P99 (V2) | 157.7 QPS | Fast (Vespa backend) | 97% (V2) | Multi‑billion | GPU support |
| **TypeSense** | <50ms (lexical) | Moderate | Real-time | Competitive | Millions‑Billions | Optional GPU |
| **OpenSearch** | 10s+ to <200ms* | 16‑147 QPS | 9.5x faster (v3.0 GPU) | 87.9% | Billions+ | GPU acceleration (v3.0) |
| **Weaviate** | <200ms | 15 QPS | Moderate | 80.6% | Billions+ | Modular processing |
| **Weaviate** | ~30–150ms | 300–1500 QPS | Moderate | 85–97%+ | Billions+ | Modular index + compression |

*OpenSearch: Highly variable performance - requires significant tuning, can achieve A-grade with proper configuration

Expand All @@ -50,6 +50,8 @@ Performance is fundamental to vector database utility, directly impacting user e
- **Qdrant**: 626.5 QPS with excellent recall
- **Marqo V2**: 157.7 QPS
- **Pinecone Serverless**: 180–320 QPS (elastic auto‑scaling)
- **Weaviate**: 300–1500+ QPS with RQ/BQ compression + rescoring
(Strong choice for mid-scale, hybrid workloads)

**📈 Best Recall Accuracy**
- **Qdrant**: 99.5% recall with high performance
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -80,7 +82,7 @@ Modern applications demand systems capable of handling billions of vectors while
| **Marqo** | Multi‑billion | High | Distributed (Vespa backend) | Horizontal | Managed + Self‑hosted | Eventually consistent |
| **TypeSense** | Millions to billions | High | Distributed cluster | Horizontal | Managed + Self‑hosted | Eventually consistent |
| **Qdrant** | Billions+ vectors | Very high | Distributed BASE model | Horizontal + Vertical | Managed + Self‑hosted | Eventually consistent |
| **Weaviate** | Billions+ vectors | High | Distributed + Sharding | Horizontal | Managed + Self‑hosted | Eventually consistent |
| **Weaviate** | Billions+ vectors | High | Raft-backed distributed cluster, per-tenant sharding, ACORN filtering, compression (BQ/RQ) | Horizontal | Managed + Self‑hosted | Eventually consistent |
| **SingleStore** | Petabyte‑scale | Very high | Distributed SQL + ACID | Horizontal + Vertical | Managed + Self‑hosted | Strong consistency |

### 🏛️ Architecture Highlights
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ Efficient indexing algorithms are fundamental to fast similarity search. The cho
| **Marqo** | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Vespa-optimized HNSW |
| **TypeSense** | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Standard HNSW |
| **Qdrant** | ✅ | ❌ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Filterable HNSW |
| **Weaviate** | ✅ | ❌ | | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | Custom HNSW with CRUD |
| **Weaviate** | ✅ | ❌ | RQ/BQ | ❌ | ❌ | ❌ | HNSW + RQ/BQ (full CRUD) |
| **SingleStore** | ✅ | ✅ | ✅ | ❌ | ❌ | ✅ (AUTO) | Faiss-based implementations |

### 🎯 Indexing Innovations
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ Advanced querying capabilities determine real-world applicability. The trend tow
| **Marqo** | ✅ | ✅ | Euclidean, Angular, Dot, Hamming | ✅ Query DSL | Pre-filtering | ✅ Multimodal |
| **TypeSense** | ✅ | ✅ | Cosine (primary) | ✅ | Standard filtering | ✅ Rank Fusion |
| **Qdrant** | ✅ | ✅ | Cosine, Euclidean, Dot Product | ✅ JSON payload | **In-flight filtering** | ✅ (External) |
| **Weaviate** | ✅ | ✅ | Cosine, Euclidean, Dot, Hamming | ✅ Property-based | Standard filtering | ✅ BM25 + Vector |
| **Weaviate** | ✅ | ✅ | Cosine, Euclidean, Dot, Hamming | ✅ Property-based | ACORN filtering (post-filter ANN) | ✅ BM25 + Vector |
| **SingleStore** | ✅ | ✅ | Euclidean, Dot Product | ✅ SQL predicates | **SQL-integrated** | ✅ Re-ranking |

### 🎯 Querying Excellence
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -202,7 +204,7 @@ Comprehensive data management capabilities are essential for production deployme
| **Marqo** | ✅ Built-in inference, Marqtune for fine-tuning | ✅ Full | ✅ Good | ✅ Custom models | ⚠️ Basic | ✅ Standard | ✅ Multimodal |
| **TypeSense** | ✅ Built-in + External | ✅ Full | ✅ Good | ✅ OpenAI, Google PaLM | ⚠️ Collection-based | ✅ Standard | ✅ Rich metadata |
| **Qdrant** | External only | ✅ Full with real-time | ✅ Excellent | ✅ LangChain, custom | ✅ Payload-based | ✅ Enterprise-ready | ✅ JSON, geo, nested |
| **Weaviate** | ✅ Modular vectorizers | ✅ Full CRUD | ✅ GraphQL + REST | ✅ Extensive modules | ⚠️ Schema-based | ✅ Good | ✅ Rich schema |
| **Weaviate** | ✅ Modular vectorizers | ✅ Full CRUD | ✅ GraphQL + REST | ✅ Extensive modules | ✅ True multi-tenancy (1 tenant = 1 shard, lazy-loaded) | ✅ Good | ✅ Rich schema |
| **SingleStore** | External only | ✅ SQL CRUD | ✅ SQL + drivers | ✅ Standard SQL tools | ✅ Database-level | ✅ Enterprise RDBMS | ✅ Full SQL types |

### 🏆 Feature Excellence
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ Understanding financial implications requires analyzing not just subscription co
| **Marqo** | Hybrid | Free (OSS) / Cloud pricing | 🔄 Mixed | 🟡 Medium | 🟢 Moderate | 💰💰 |
| **TypeSense** | Hybrid | Free (OSS) / $20+ / month | 🔄 Mixed | 🟡 Medium | 🟢 Low | 💰 |
| **Qdrant** | Hybrid | Free tier → $25+ / month | 🔄 Mixed | 🟡 Medium | 🟢 Moderate | 💰💰 |
| **Weaviate** | Hybrid | Free (OSS) / $25+ / month | 🔄 Mixed | 🟡 Medium | ⚠️ Scaling complexity | 💰💰 |
| **Weaviate** | Hybrid | Free (OSS) / ~$45 (Flex), ~$280 (Plus) / month | 🔄 Mixed | 🟡 Medium | ⚠️ Scaling complexity | 💰💰 |
| **SingleStore** | Resource-based | Enterprise pricing | 🔄 Mixed | 🟡 Medium (SQL expertise) | 🟢 Consolidation savings | 💰💰💰 |

### 💡 Cost Strategy Recommendations
Expand All @@ -255,6 +257,7 @@ Understanding financial implications requires analyzing not just subscription co
- **TypeSense**: Most cost-effective overall
- **Qdrant Free Tier**: Excellent performance at no cost
- **OpenSearch Self-hosted**: If expertise available (steep learning curve)
- **Weaviate (Flex)**: hybrid search, predictable cost, modular vectorization

**🏢 Best for Scale (100M+ vectors)**
- **Self-hosted Qdrant**: Best performance per dollar
Expand All @@ -267,6 +270,7 @@ Understanding financial implications requires analyzing not just subscription co
- **AWS OpenSearch Serverless**: OCU-based pricing, no management overhead
- **TypeSense Cloud**: Best balance of speed and affordability
- **Qdrant Cloud**: Good performance with reasonable pricing
- **Weaviate Cloud (Flex/Plus)**: fastest for hybrid RAG + multi-tenant prototypes

# 📚 Individual Database Deep Dives

Expand All @@ -284,7 +288,7 @@ For detailed technical analysis, implementation guides, and specific use case re
| **🎯 Marqo** | [Complete Analysis →](./databases/MARQO_REVIEW.md) | Multimodal capabilities, built-in ML inference, Marqtune fine-tuning | AI applications requiring image/text search | Moderate scaling costs, GPU-intensive workloads can escalate costs |
| **🚀 TypeSense** | [Complete Analysis →](./databases/TYPESENSE_REVIEW.md) | Cost-effective, typo-tolerant search, easy setup | Small to medium scale with budget constraints | Best cost-performance ratio |
| **🧊 Qdrant** | [Complete Analysis →](./databases/QDRANT_REVIEW.md) | High performance, Rust optimization, flexible filtering | High-throughput applications requiring speed | Excellent value at scale |
| **🧠 Weaviate** | [Complete Analysis →](./databases/WEAVIATE_REVIEW.md) | Modular vectorization, GraphQL API, extensive ML integrations | AI applications requiring flexible data schemas and ML workflows | Schema-based multi-tenancy, scaling complexity |
| **🧠 Weaviate** | [Complete Analysis →](./databases/WEAVIATE_REVIEW.md) | Modular vectorization, GraphQL API, extensive ML integrations | AI applications requiring flexible data schemas and ML workflows | Tenant-level sharding + lifecycle, scaling complexity |
| **⚙️ SingleStore** | [Complete Analysis →](./databases/SINGLESTORE_REVIEW.md) | SQL integration, strong consistency (ACID), petabyte-scale, fastest indexing | Enterprise applications requiring SQL compatibility and transactional guarantees | Enterprise pricing, consolidation potential for existing SQL workloads |

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