Software testing is a critical process in software development aimed at identifying defects, ensuring quality, and verifying that a product meets specified requirements.
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Quality Assurance (QA): A systematic process to ensure quality in software products. QA focuses on improving and optimizing processes.
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Defect: Any flaw in the software that prevents it from functioning as intended or meeting requirements.
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Test Case: A set of conditions or variables under which a tester determines whether an application or software system is working correctly.
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Test Plan: A document that outlines the scope, approach, resources, and schedule for testing activities.
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Manual Testing: Testers execute test cases manually without automation tools. It’s useful for exploratory testing and usability testing.
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Automated Testing: Uses software tools to run tests automatically, which is efficient for regression testing and repetitive tasks.
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Functional Testing: Verifies that the software functions as expected, covering various aspects like user interfaces, APIs, databases, security, and more.
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Non-Functional Testing: Assesses aspects such as performance, usability, reliability, and security. This includes load testing, stress testing, and performance testing.
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Unit Testing: Tests individual components or modules of the software for correct behavior, often performed by developers.
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Integration Testing: Ensures that different modules or services work together as intended.
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System Testing: Tests the complete and integrated software to verify that it meets specified requirements.
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User Acceptance Testing (UAT): Conducted by end-users to validate the software’s functionality and usability before it goes live.
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Regression Testing: Ensures that new code changes do not adversely affect existing functionalities.
- Selenium: For automated web application testing.
- JUnit/NUnit: For unit testing in Java and .NET applications, respectively.
- Postman: For API testing.
- LoadRunner/JMeter: For performance testing.