New oeis

[fchapoton]

rebased version of ##39790

Fixes #39767

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• I have linked a relevant issue or discussion.

[github-actions]

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[dcoudert]

LGTM.

[vbraun]

Those doctests need to be marked as needing internet

**********************************************************************
File "src/sage/databases/oeis.py", line 359, in sage.databases.oeis.OEIS
Failed example:
    oeis('A000040')
Expected:
    A000040: The prime numbers.
Got:
    <repr(<sage.databases.oeis.OEISSequence at 0xf4ab3d08>) failed: OSError: <urlopen error [Errno 110] Connection timed out>
    error fetching https://oeis.org/search?q=A000040&n=1&fmt=text>
**********************************************************************
File "src/sage/databases/oeis.py", line 361, in sage.databases.oeis.OEIS
Failed example:
    oeis('A000045')
Expected:
    A000045: Fibonacci numbers: F(n) = F(n-1) + F(n-2) with F(0) = 0 and F(1) = 1.
Got:
    <repr(<sage.databases.oeis.OEISSequence at 0xf4abf9a8>) failed: OSError: <urlopen error [Errno 110] Connection timed out>
    error fetching https://oeis.org/search?q=A000045&n=1&fmt=text>
**********************************************************************