add(python-plot): basic usage of matplotlib

issue #104

language/python/pythonBasicNotes.md

@@ -4,6 +4,17 @@
 
 - [Python Basic Notes](#python-basic-notes)
   - [Matplotlib Usage](#matplotlib-usage)
+    - [Plot Type](#plot-type)
+    - [Basic Usage](#basic-usage)
+  - [Process Data File](#process-data-file)
+  - [Plot Style](#plot-style)
+  - [Plot Axis Tick](#plot-axis-tick)
+  - [Plot Legend](#plot-legend)
+  - [Subplot](#subplot)
+    - [Double y-axis](#double-y-axis)
+  - [3D Plot](#3d-plot)
+  - [Paper Figures Config](#paper-figures-config)
+  - [Paper Standard](#paper-standard)
 
 <!-- /TOC -->
 
@@ -13,3 +24,303 @@
 pip3 install matplotlib
 pip3 install ggplot
 ```
+
+### Plot Type
+
+- bar plot
+- line plot
+- scatter plot
+- pie plot
+- stack plot
+- histogram plot
+- interval plot
+- box plot
+- KDE plot
+- candlestick_ohlc plot
+
+### Basic Usage
+
+```python
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+fig = plt.figure()
+ax = plt.subplot2grid((1, 1), (0, 0))
+
+ax.fill_between(x, y, y[0],where=(y > y[0]), facecolor='g', alpha=0.5)
+
+ax.grid(True)
+ax.xaxis.label.set_color('c') ax.yaxis.label.set_color('r') ax.set_yticks([0,25,50,75])
+ax.xaxis.get_ticklabels()
+
+ax.spines['left'].set_color('c') ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
+ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False) ax.spines['left'].set_linewidth(5)
+ax.tick_params(axis='x', colors='#f06215')
+ax.axhline(20, color='k', linewidth=5)
+
+ax.text(x, y, 'text')
+ax.annotate(
+  'Bad News!',
+  xytext=(0.8, 0.9),
+  textcoords='axes fraction',
+  arrowprops = dict(facecolor='grey', color='grey')
+)
+
+plt.plot(x, y, label='label', color='red', linewidth=5)
+plt.bar(x, y, label='label', color='#111')
+plt.scatter(x, y, label='label', marker='*', size=100)
+plt.stackplot(x, y1, y2, ..., yn, colors=[])
+plt.pie(slices, labels=[], colors=[], startangle=90, explode=(), autopct='%1.1f%%')
+plt.hist(data, bins=10, histtype='bar', rwidth=0.8)
+
+plt.xlabel('xlabel')
+plt.ylabel('ylabel')
+plt.title('title')
+plt.legend()
+plt.subplots_adjust()
+plt.show()
+```
+
+## Process Data File
+
+```python
+import csv
+x = []
+y = []
+with open('input.dat','r') as csvfile:
+    plots = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=',')
+    for row in plots:
+        x.append(int(row[0]))
+        y.append(int(row[1]))
+```
+
+```python
+import numpy as np
+x, y = np.loadtxt('input.dat', delimiter=',', unpack=True)
+```
+
+## Plot Style
+
+```python
+from matplotlib import style
+print(plt.style.available)
+print(plt.__file__)
+style.use('ggplot')
+style.use('fivethirtyeight')
+plt.style.use('mystylesheet.mplrc')
+```
+
+## Plot Axis Tick
+
+```python
+ax3.xaxis.set_major_formatter(mdates.DateFormatter('%Y-%m-%d'))
+ax3.xaxis.set_major_locator(mticker.MaxNLocator(10))
+ax1.yaxis.set_major_locator(mticker.MaxNLocator(nbins=5, prune='lower'))
+
+for label in ax3.xaxis.get_ticklabels():
+    label.set_rotation(45)
+
+plt.setp(ax1.get_xticklabels(), visible=False)
+plt.setp(ax2.get_xticklabels(), visible=False)
+```
+
+## Plot Legend
+
+up middle legend
+
+```python
+ax.legend()
+leg = ax.legend(loc=9, ncol=2,prop={'size':11})
+leg.get_frame().set_alpha(0.4)
+```
+
+## Subplot
+
+tall and witdh for grid template
+
+```python
+fig = plt.figure()
+ax1 = fig.add_subplot(221)
+ax2 = fig.add_subplot(222)
+ax3 = fig.add_subplot(212)
+
+ax1 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (0,0), rowspan=1, colspan=1)
+ax2 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (1,0), rowspan=4, colspan=1)
+ax3 = plt.subplot2grid((6,1), (5,0), rowspan=1, colspan=1)
+```
+
+### Double y-axis
+
+```python
+ax2v = ax2.twinx()
+```
+
+## 3D Plot
+
+```python
+from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+from matplotlib import style
+
+style.use('ggplot')
+
+fig = plt.figure()
+ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
+
+x = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
+y = [5,6,7,8,2,5,6,3,7,2]
+z = [1,2,6,3,2,7,3,3,7,2]
+
+x2 = [-1,-2,-3,-4,-5,-6,-7,-8,-9,-10]
+y2 = [-5,-6,-7,-8,-2,-5,-6,-3,-7,-2]
+z2 = [1,2,6,3,2,7,3,3,7,2]
+
+ax1.scatter(x, y, z, c='g', marker='o')
+ax1.scatter(x2, y2, z2, c ='r', marker='o')
+
+ax1.set_xlabel('x axis')
+ax1.set_ylabel('y axis')
+ax1.set_zlabel('z axis')
+
+plt.show()
+```
+
+```python
+from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import numpy as np
+from matplotlib import style
+style.use('ggplot')
+
+fig = plt.figure()
+ax1 = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
+
+x3 = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
+y3 = [5,6,7,8,2,5,6,3,7,2]
+z3 = np.zeros(10)
+
+dx = np.ones(10)
+dy = np.ones(10)
+dz = [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10]
+
+ax1.bar3d(x3, y3, z3, dx, dy, dz)
+
+
+ax1.set_xlabel('x axis')
+ax1.set_ylabel('y axis')
+ax1.set_zlabel('z axis')
+
+plt.show()
+```
+
+## Paper Figures Config
+
+```python
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+import matplotlib
+
+def latexify(fig_width=None, fig_height=None, columns=1):
+    '''Set up matplotlib's RC params for LaTeX plotting.
+    Call this before plotting a figure.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    fig_width : float, optional, inches
+    fig_height : float,  optional, inches
+    columns : {1, 2}
+    '''
+
+    # code adapted from http://www.scipy.org/Cookbook/Matplotlib/LaTeX_Examples
+
+    # Width and max height in inches for IEEE journals taken from
+    # computer.org/cms/Computer.org/Journal%20templates/transactions_art_guide.pdf
+
+    assert(columns in [1,2])
+
+    if fig_width is None:
+        fig_width = 3.39 if columns==1 else 6.9 # width in inches
+
+    if fig_height is None:
+        golden_mean = (sqrt(5)-1.0)/2.0    # Aesthetic ratio
+        fig_height = fig_width*golden_mean # height in inches
+
+    MAX_HEIGHT_INCHES = 8.0
+    if fig_height > MAX_HEIGHT_INCHES:
+        print("WARNING: fig_height too large:" + fig_height +
+              "so will reduce to" + MAX_HEIGHT_INCHES + "inches.")
+        fig_height = MAX_HEIGHT_INCHES
+
+    params = {'backend': 'ps',
+              'text.latex.preamble': ['\usepackage{gensymb}'],
+              'axes.labelsize': 8, # fontsize for x and y labels (was 10)
+              'axes.titlesize': 8,
+              'text.fontsize': 8, # was 10
+              'legend.fontsize': 8, # was 10
+              'xtick.labelsize': 8,
+              'ytick.labelsize': 8,
+              'text.usetex': True,
+              'figure.figsize': [fig_width,fig_height],
+              'font.family': 'serif'
+    }
+
+    matplotlib.rcParams.update(params)
+
+
+def format_axes(ax):
+
+    for spine in ['top', 'right']:
+        ax.spines[spine].set_visible(False)
+
+    for spine in ['left', 'bottom']:
+        ax.spines[spine].set_color(SPINE_COLOR)
+        ax.spines[spine].set_linewidth(0.5)
+
+    ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
+    ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
+
+    for axis in [ax.xaxis, ax.yaxis]:
+        axis.set_tick_params(direction='out', color=SPINE_COLOR)
+
+    return ax
+
+latexify()
+ax.set_xlabel("X label")
+ax.set_ylabel("Y label")
+ax.set_title("Title")
+plt.tight_layout()
+format_axes(ax)
+plt.savefig("figure.pdf")
+```
+
+```python
+import numpy as np
+import matplotlib as mpl
+mpl.use('pdf')
+import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
+
+plt.rc('font', family='serif', serif='Times')
+plt.rc('text', usetex=True)
+plt.rc('xtick', labelsize=8)
+plt.rc('ytick', labelsize=8)
+plt.rc('axes', labelsize=8)
+
+# width as measured in inkscape
+width = 3.487
+height = width / 1.618
+
+fig, ax = plt.subplots()
+fig.subplots_adjust(left=.15, bottom=.16, right=.99, top=.97)
+
+x = np.arange(0.0, 3*np.pi , 0.1)
+plt.plot(x, np.sin(x))
+
+ax.set_ylabel('Some Metric (in unit)')
+ax.set_xlabel('Something (in unit)')
+ax.set_xlim(0, 3*np.pi)
+
+fig.set_size_inches(width, height)
+fig.savefig('plot.pdf')
+```
+
+## Paper Standard
+
+- [Matplotlib for Papers](https://github.com/jbmouret/matplotlib_for_papers)