ci: add linting and type checking workflows for backend and frontend #306

[annukumar123]

This PR fully addresses and resolves Issue #306 by expanding the existing automated GitHub Actions workflow (ci.yml) to perform comprehensive linting and static type checking on both the Python backend and the React frontend. These additions ensure our codebase maintains high code quality, consistent formatting styles, and type safety before code is merged into the main branches.

🛠️ Changes Implemented
Backend (Python):

Integrated mypy to enforce strict static type checking across the entire backend framework.

Preserved the pytest suite execution and ruff linting check steps.

Added caching for pip packages using backend/requirements.txt to drastically lower future workflow run execution times.

Frontend (React):

Added an automated frontend lint runner (npm run lint --if-present) to capture styling rules and formatting warnings.

Optimized the dependency installation process by switching from npm install to npm ci to leverage the explicit lockfile configuration.

Set up npm caching pointing directly to frontend/package-lock.json.

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[annukumar123]

Hi @imDarshanGK! The backend testing, linting, and mypy type checking workflows have all been successfully integrated and are passing cleanly. Once review it whenever you have a moment!