feat: Add GenBank file format support for biological sequence data

docs/source/loading.mdx

@@ -267,6 +267,25 @@ To load remote WebDatasets via HTTP, pass the URLs instead:
 >>> dataset = load_dataset("webdataset", data_files={"train": urls}, split="train", streaming=True)
 ```
 
+### GenBank
+
+[GenBank](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/) is a text-based format from NCBI for nucleotide and protein sequences together with their annotations. Files use the `.gb`, `.gbk`, or `.genbank` extension (optionally compressed), and each record's `FEATURES` section is decoded into structured objects.
+
+To load GenBank files:
+
+```py
+>>> from datasets import load_dataset
+>>> dataset = load_dataset("genbank", data_files="*.gb", split="train")
+```
+
+You can try it on a small example dataset of real NCBI records (one of them is gzipped to show that compressed files load transparently):
+
+```py
+>>> from datasets import load_dataset
+>>> dataset = load_dataset("ermiaazarkhalili/datasets-genbank-test", data_files="*.gb*", split="train")
+>>> dataset[0]["locus_name"], dataset[0]["organism"], dataset[0]["length"]
+```
+
 ## Remote files
 
 If you have remote files likely stored as a `csv`, `json`, `txt`, `parquet` or any supported format, the [`load_dataset`] function can load load them if you specify their remote paths:

src/datasets/packaged_modules/__init__.py

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 from .conll import conll
 from .csv import csv
 from .eval import eval
+from .genbank import genbank
 from .hdf5 import hdf5
 from .iceberg import iceberg
 from .imagefolder import imagefolder
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ def _hash_python_lines(lines: list[str]) -> str:
     "lance": (lance.__name__, _hash_python_lines(inspect.getsource(lance).splitlines())),
     "tsfile": (tsfile.__name__, _hash_python_lines(inspect.getsource(tsfile).splitlines())),
     "iceberg": (iceberg.__name__, _hash_python_lines(inspect.getsource(iceberg).splitlines())),
+    "genbank": (genbank.__name__, _hash_python_lines(inspect.getsource(genbank).splitlines())),
 }
 
 # get importable module names and hash for caching
@@ -99,6 +101,9 @@ def _hash_python_lines(lines: list[str]) -> str:
     ".eval": ("eval", {}),
     ".lance": ("lance", {}),
     ".tsfile": ("tsfile", {}),
+    ".gb": ("genbank", {}),
+    ".gbk": ("genbank", {}),
+    ".genbank": ("genbank", {}),
 }
 _EXTENSION_TO_MODULE.update({ext: ("imagefolder", {}) for ext in imagefolder.ImageFolder.EXTENSIONS})
 _EXTENSION_TO_MODULE.update({ext.upper(): ("imagefolder", {}) for ext in imagefolder.ImageFolder.EXTENSIONS})