Skip to content

Commit

Permalink
8086, ARMv7, CRISv10, CRISv32 and MIPS32r2
Browse files Browse the repository at this point in the history
  • Loading branch information
flynd committed Nov 22, 2014
0 parents commit 5fb109f
Show file tree
Hide file tree
Showing 9 changed files with 1,969 additions and 0 deletions.
3 changes: 3 additions & 0 deletions .gitignore
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
*.aux
*.log
*.pdf
325 changes: 325 additions & 0 deletions 8086.tex
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,325 @@
%
% Copyright (C) 2014 Anders Olofsson
%
% Copying and distribution of this file, with or without modification,
% are permitted in any medium without royalty provided the copyright
% notice and this notice are preserved. This file is offered as-is,
% without any warranty.
%
\documentclass{sheet}
\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}
\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
\usepackage{ae,aecompl}
\usepackage[english]{babel}
\usepackage[a4paper, landscape, margin=.1in]{geometry}
\usepackage{amssymb}

\def\sheetheaderfont{\bfseries}
\def\sheettablefont{\footnotesize\sffamily}
\def\sheetheadercolor{black!10}
\def\sheetrowcolor{black!5}

\def\tabcolsep{2pt}
\def\arraystretch{1.3}
\defsheet{asmtable}{4}{|m{3.7em} m{4.1em}|X|m{3.1em}|}
\defsheet{asmtable2}{4}{|m{6.8em} m{1em}|X|m{3.1em}|}
\defsheet{table-X}{1}{|X|}
\defsheet{table-lX}{2}{|l X|}
\defsheet{table-lXX}{3}{|l X X|}
\defsheet{table-llXl}{4}{|l l X l|}

\pagefooter{8086 version 1.0 page \thepage}

\begin{document}
\begin{multicols}{3}
\raggedcolumns

\begin{center}
{\Large\bfseries 8086 Quick Reference}
\end{center}
%
\begin{table-lX}{Keys}
i & Immediate operand \\
a & Accumulator (AL or AX) \\
r & General register (AX,BX,CX,DX,SI,DI,BP,SP or 8bit parts) \\
seg & Segment register (CS,DS,SS,ES) \\
sh & Shift operand (1 or CL) \\
d & Destination operand (register or memory) \\
s & Source operand (register, memory or immediate) \\
cc & Condidion code \\
value$^{\pm}_{ }$ & Value is sign extended \\
$\smul$ $\sdiv$ $\asr$ & Operation is signed \\
****** & Flags COZSPA are affected (*), undefined (u), cleared (0) \\
\end{table-lX}
%
\begin{asmtable}{Arithmetic Instructions}
ADC & d, s & d = d $+$ (s $+$ C) & ****** \\
ADD & d, s & d = d $+$ s & ****** \\
CBW & & AX = AL$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
CMP & d, s & d $-$ s & ****** \\
CWD & & DX:AX = AX$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
DEC & d & d = d $-$ 1 & {--}***** \\
DIV & d$^{ }_{8}$ & AL = AX $\udiv$ d; AH = AX $\umod$ d & uuuuuu \\
DIV & d$^{ }_{16}$ & AX = DX:AX $\udiv$ d; DX = DX:AX $\umod$ d & uuuuuu \\
IDIV & d$^{ }_{8}$ & AL = AX $\sdiv$ d; AH = AX $\smod$ d & uuuuuu \\
IDIV & d$^{ }_{16}$ & AX = DX:AX $\sdiv$ d; DX = DX:AX $\smod$ d & uuuuuu \\
IMUL & d$^{ }_{8}$ & AX = AL $\smul$ d & **uuuu \\
IMUL & d$^{ }_{16}$ & DX:AX = AX $\smul$ d & **uuuu \\
INC & d & d = d $+$ 1 & {--}***** \\
LEA & r$^{ }_{16}$, [m] & r = m & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
MUL & d$^{ }_{8}$ & AX = AL $\umul$ d & **uuuu \\
MUL & d$^{ }_{16}$ & DX:AX = AX $\umul$ d & **uuuu \\
NEG & d & d = 0 $-$ d & ****** \\
SBB & d, s & d = d $-$ (s $+$ C) & ****** \\
SUB & d, s & d = d $-$ s & ****** \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{asmtable}{I/O Instructions}
HLT & & Wait for reset, NMI or INT & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
IN & a, i$^{ }_{8}$ & a = IO[i] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
IN & a, DX & a = IO[DX] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
\textit{NOP} & & & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
OUT & i$^{ }_{8}$, a & IO[i] = a & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
OUT & DX, a & IO[DX] = a & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{asmtable}{Jump and Branch Instructions}
CALL & rel$^{ }_{16}$ & PUSH IP; IP $+$= rel & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
CALL & ptr$^{ }_{32}$ & PUSH CS,IP; CS:IP = ptr & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
CALL & d$^{ }_{16}$ & PUSH IP; IP = d & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
CALL & [m$^{ }_{32}$] & PUSH CS,IP; CS:IP = [m] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
INT & i$^{ }_{8}$ & PUSH F,CS,IP; CS:IP=[0:4*i]; I=0 & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
INTO & & if(O) INT 4 & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
IRET & & POP IP,CS,F & ****** \\
Jcc & rel$^{ }_{8}$ & if(cc) IP $+$= rel$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
JCXZ & rel$^{ }_{8}$ & if(CX $=$ 0) IP $+$= rel$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
JMP & rel & IP $+$= rel$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
JMP & ptr$^{ }_{32}$ & CS:IP = ptr & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
JMP & d$^{ }_{16}$ & IP = d & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
JMP & [m$^{ }_{32}$] & CS:IP = [m] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
LOOP & rel$^{ }_{8}$ & if($--$CX $\ne$ 0) IP $+$= rel$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
LOOPE & rel$^{ }_{8}$ & if(Z \&\& $--$CX $\ne$ 0) IP $+$= rel$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
LOOPNE & rel$^{ }_{8}$ & if(!Z \&\& $--$CX $\ne$ 0) IP $+$= rel$^{\pm}_{ }$ & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
RET & & POP IP & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
RET & i$^{ }_{16}$ & POP IP; SP $+$= i & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
RETF & & POP IP,CS & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
RETF & i$^{ }_{16}$ & POP IP,CS; SP $+$= i & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{asmtable}{Flag Instructions}
CLC & & C = 0 & 0{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
CLD & & D = 0 & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
CLI & & I = 0 & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
CMC & & C = !C & *{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
LAHF & & AH = S:Z:0:A:0:P:1:C & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
POPF & & POP -:-:-:-:O:D:I:T:S:Z:-:A:-:P:-:C & ****** \\
PUSHF & & PUSH 1:1:1:1:O:D:I:T:S:Z:0:A:0:P:1:C & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
SAHF & & S:Z:-:A:-:P:-:C = AH & *{--}**** \\
SALF & & AL = (C ? 0xff : 0x00) & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
STC & & C = 1 & 1{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
STD & & D = 1 & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
STI & & I = 1 & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{asmtable2}{String Instructions}
CMPS\{BW\} & & [SI] $-$ [ES:DI]; Advance SI and DI & ****** \\
LODS\{BW\} & & a = [SI]; Advance SI & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
MOVS\{BW\} & & [ES:DI] = [SI]; Advance SI and DI & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
SCAS\{BW\} & & a - [SI]; Advance SI & ****** \\
STOS\{BW\} & & [ES:DI] = a; Advance DI & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
\end{asmtable2}
%
\begin{asmtable}{Bitwise Instructions}
AND & d, s & d = d \& s & 00***u \\
NOT & d & d = $\sim$d & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
OR & d, s & d = d | s & 00***u \\
RCL & d, sh & C:d = C:d $\rol$ sh & **{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
RCR & d, sh & C:d = C:d $\ror$ sh & **{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
ROL & d, sh & d = d $\rol$ sh & **{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
ROR & d, sh & d = d $\ror$ sh & **{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
SAR & d, sh & d = d $\asr$ sh & *****u \\
SHL & d, sh & d = d $\lsl$ sh & *****u \\
SHR & d, sh & d = d $\lsr$ sh & *****u \\
TEST & d, s & d \& s & 00***u \\
XOR & d, s & d = d $\oplus$ s & 00***u \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{asmtable}{Data Transfer Instructions}
LDS & r$^{ }_{16}$, [m$^{ }_{32}$] & DS:r = [m] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
LES & r$^{ }_{16}$, [m$^{ }_{32}$] & ES:r = [m] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
MOV & d, s & d = s & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
MOV & d$^{ }_{16}$, seg & d = seg & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
MOV & seg, d$^{ }_{16}$ & seg = d & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
POP & d$^{ }_{16}$ & SP $+$= 2; d = [SS:SP$-$2] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
POP & seg & SP $+$= 2; seg = [SS:SP$-$2] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
PUSH & d$^{ }_{16}$ & SP $-$= 2; [SS:SP$-$2] = d & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
PUSH & seg & SP $-$= 2; [SS:SP$-$2] = seg & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
XCHG & r, d & r:d = d:r & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
XLAT & & AL = [BX $+$ AL] & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{asmtable}{BCD Instructions}
AAA & & if(AL$^{ }_{3:0}$>9 || A) AL=(AL$+$6)\&0x0f; AH$++$; \newline A=C=1; else AL=AL\&0x0f; A=C=0 & *uuuu* \\
AAD & i$^{ }_{8}$ & AL = AL $+$ AH $\umul$ i; AH = 0 & uu***u \\
AAM & i$^{ }_{8}$ & AL = AL $\udiv$ i; AH = AL $\umod$ i & uu***u \\
AAS & & if(AL$^{ }_{3:0}$>9 || A) AL=(AL$-$6)\&0x0f; AH$--$; \newline A=C=1; else AL=AL\&0x0f; A=C=0 & *uuuu* \\
DAA & & if(AL$^{ }_{3:0}$>9 || A) C:AL$+$=6; A=1; else A=0 \newline if(AL$^{ }_{7:4}$>9 || C) AL$+$=0x60; C=1; else C=0 & *u**** \\
DAS & & if(AL$^{ }_{3:0}$>9 || A) C:AL$-$=6; A=1; else A=0 \newline if(AL$^{ }_{7:4}$>9 || C) AL$-$=0x60; C=1; else C=0 & *u**** \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{asmtable}{Prefix Instructions}
seg: & & Use seg instead of DS or SS & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
LOCK & & Assert LOCK\# & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
REP & strcmd & do \{ strcmd; CX{-}{-} \} while(CX $\ne$ 0) & {--}{--}{--}{--}{--}{--} \\
REPE & strcmd & do \{ strcmd; CX{-}{-} \} while(Z \&\& CX $\ne$ 0) & ****** \\
REPNE & strcmd & do \{ strcmd; CX{-}{-} \} while(!Z \&\& CX $\ne$ 0) & ****** \\
\end{asmtable}
%
\begin{table-lX}{Execution Times}
ADC/ADD/AND/OR/SUB/SBB/XOR r,r | r,m | m,r & 3 | 9+ea | 16+ea \\
ADC/ADD/AND/OR/SUB/SBB/XOR r,i | m,i & 4 | 17+ea \\
CMP r,r | CMP r,i | CMP r,m | CMP m,i & 3 | 4 | 9+ea | 10+ea \\
TEST r,r | TEST r,i | TEST r,m | TEST m,i & 3 | 5 | 9+ea | 11+ea \\
DEC/INC r | DEC/INC m & 3 | 15+ea \\
NEG/NOT r | NEG/NOT m & 3 | 16+ea \\
shift/rotate r,1 | shift/rotate m,1 & 2 | 15+ea \\
shift/rotate r,CL | shift/rotate m,CL & 8+4n | 20+4n+ea \\
CBW | CWD | LEA | LDS/LES & 2 | 5 | 2+ea | 16+ea \\
MOV r,i | MOV m,i & 4 | 10+ea \\
MOV r/seg,r/seg | MOV r/seg,m | MOV m,r/seg & 2 | 8+ea | 9+ea \\
MOV a,[i$^{ }_{16}$] | MOV [i$^{ }_{16}$],a | XLAT & 10 | 10 | 11 \\
XCHG r$^{ }_{16}$,AX | XCHG r,r | XCHG r,m & 3 | 4 | 17+ea \\
PUSH r | PUSHF | PUSH seg | PUSH m & 10 | 10 | 11 | 16+ea \\
POP r | POPF | POP seg | POP m & 8 | 8 | 8 | 17+ea \\
CL\{CDI\}/ST\{CDI\}/CMC | SALC | LAHF/SAHF & 2 | 3 | 4 \\
DAA/DAS | AAA/AAS | AAD | AAM & 4 | 8 | 60 | 83 \\
IN/OUT DX | IN/OUT i | HLT | WAIT & 8 | 10 | 2 | 4 \\
JMP rel | JMP ptr$^{ }_{32}$ | CALL rel | CALL ptr$^{ }_{32}$ & 15 | 15 | 19 | 28 \\
JMP r | JMP m$^{ }_{16}$ | JMP m$^{ }_{32}$ & 11 | 18+ea | 24+ea \\
CALL r | CALL m$^{ }_{16}$ | CALL m$^{ }_{32}$ & 16 | 21+ea | 37+ea \\
Jcc | JCXZ & 4/16 | 6/18 \\
LOOP | LOOPE/LOOPNE & 5/18 | 5/19 \\
RET | RET i | RETF | RETF i | IRET & 16 | 20 | 26 | 25 | 32 \\
INT i | INT 3 | INTO | Ext INT & 51 | 52 | 4/53 | 61 \\
STOS\{BW\} | REP STOS\{BW\} & 11 | 9+10n \\
LODS\{BW\} | REP LODS\{BW\} & 12 | 9+13n \\
MOVS\{BW\} | REP MOVS\{BW\} & 18 | 9+17n \\
SCAS\{BW\} | REPE/REPNE SCAS\{BW\} & 15 | 9+15n \\
CMPS\{BW\} | REPE/REPNE CMPS\{BW\} & 22 | 9+22n \\
MUL r$^{ }_{8}$ | MUL r$^{ }_{16}$ & 70-77 | 118-135 \\
IMUL r$^{ }_{8}$ | IMUL r$^{ }_{16}$ & 80-89 | 128-154 \\
DIV r$^{ }_{8}$ | DIV r$^{ }_{16}$ & 80-90 | 144-162 \\
IDIV r$^{ }_{8}$ | IDIV r$^{ }_{16}$ & 101-112 | 165-184 \\
DIV/IDIV/MUL/IMUL with mem instead of reg & +6+ea \\
Segment override or LOCK prefix & +2 \\
Word operand at odd address & +4 \\
{}[BX], [SI], [DI] & ea = 5 \\
{}[i$^{ }_{16}$] & ea = 6 \\
{}[BX$+$SI] or [BP$+$DI] & ea = 7 \\
{}[BX$+$DI] or [BP$+$SI] & ea = 8 \\
{}[BX$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$], [BP$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$] [SI$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$], [DI$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$] & ea = 9 \\
{}[BX$+$SI$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$] or [BP$+$DI$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$] & ea = 11 \\
{}[BX$+$DI$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$] or [BP$+$SI$+$i$^{\pm}_{ }$] & ea = 12 \\
\end{table-lX}
%
\begin{table-lX}{Registers}
AX & Accumulator Register (AL, AH) \\
BX & Base Register (BL, BH) \\
CX & Counter Register (CL, CH) \\
DX & Data Register (DL, DH) \\
SI & Source Index \\
DI & Destination Index \\
BP & Base Pointer \\
SP & Stack Pointer \\
IP & Instruction Pointer \\
F & Flags (O,D,I,T,S,Z,A,P,C) \\
CS & Code Segment \\
DS & Data Segment \\
SS & Stack Segment \\
ES & Extra Segment \\
\end{table-lX}
%
\begin{table-llXl}{Flags}
C & 0x0001 & Carry Flag & CY, NC \\
P & 0x0004 & Parity Flag & PE, PO \\
A & 0x0010 & Auxiliary Flag & AC, NA \\
Z & 0x0040 & Zero Flag & ZR, NZ \\
S & 0x0080 & Sign Flag & NG, PL \\
T & 0x0100 & Trap Flag & \\
I & 0x0200 & Interrupt Flag & EI, DI \\
D & 0x0400 & Direction Flag & DN, UP \\
O & 0x0800 & Overflow Flag & OV, NV \\
\end{table-llXl}
%
\begin{table-lX}{DEBUG Commands}
A [\emph{address}] & Assemble instructions \\
C \emph{range} \emph{address} & Compare memory \\
D [\emph{address} | \emph{range}] & Dump memory \\
E \emph{address} [\emph{list}] & Enter data \\
F \emph{range} \emph{list} & Fill data \\
G [=\emph{address}] [\emph{address} [\emph{address}...]] & Execute (with optional breakpoints) \\
H \emph{value} \emph{value} & Add and subtract values \\
I \emph{portaddress} & Read byte from I/O port \\
L [\emph{address} [\emph{drive} \emph{sector} \emph{count}]] & Load file or sectors (sets BX:CX to size) \\
M \emph{range} \emph{address} & Move memory \\
N \emph{filename} [\emph{parameters}] & Set filename and command arguments \\
O \emph{portaddress} \emph{value} & Write byte to I/O port \\
Q & Quit DEBUG \\
R [\emph{registername}] & Display and modify registers(s) \\
S \emph{range} \emph{list} & Search memory \\
T [=\emph{address}] [\emph{count}] & Trace \\
U [\emph{address} | \emph{range}] & Unassemble instructions \\
W [\emph{address} [\emph{drive} \emph{sector} \emph{count}]] & Load file or sectors (size is BX:CX) \\
\end{table-lX}
%
\begin{table-lXX}{Condition Codes}
O & Overflow & !O \\
NO & No overflow & O \\
B, NAE, C & Below, Carry set & C \\
NB, AE, NC & Above or equal, Carry clear & !C \\
E, Z & Equal, Zero & Z \\
NE, NZ & Not equal, Not zero & !Z \\
BE, NA & Below or equal & C | Z \\
NBE, A & Above & !C \& !Z \\
S & Sign & S \\
NS & Not sign & !S \\
P, PE & Parity, Even parity & P \\
NP, PO & Not parity, Odd parity & !P \\
L, NGE & Less than & S $\ne$ O \\
NL, GE & Greater than or equal to & S $=$ O \\
LE, NG & Less than or equal to & S $\ne$ O | Z \\
NLE, G & Greater than & S $=$ O \& !Z \\
\end{table-lXX}
%
\begin{table-lX}{Interrupt Vectors}
0x00 & Divide error (DIV/IDIV/AAM instructions) \\
0x01 & Single step (Trap flag) \\
0x02 & NMI signal \\
0x03 & Breakpoint (INT 3 instruction) \\
0x04 & Overflow (INTO instruction) \\
0x08 & IRQ 0 (Timer 0) \\
0x09 & IRQ 1 (Keyboard) \\
0x0a & IRQ 2 \\
0x0b & IRQ 3 \\
0x0c & IRQ 4 (First serial port) \\
0x0d & IRQ 5 \\
0x0e & IRQ 6 (Floppy controller) \\
0x0f & IRQ 7 (First parallel port) \\
\end{table-lX}
%
\begin{table-X}{Notes}
Any write to a segment disables interrupts and traps for one instruction. \\
Source and destination operands can't both be memory at the same time. \\
Default segment is SS when BP is used as index, otherwise DS. \\
String instructions increase/decrease SI and DI by data size when D is 0/1. \\
Shift/rotate right by 1 sets O flag to xor of two lowest bits. \\
Shift/rotate left by 1 sets O flag to xor of C and highest bit. \\
Instruction prefetch queue is 6 bytes. \\
POP and MOV to CS is possible on 8086 but invalid opcodes on later CPUs. \\
Shift/rotate uses all bits of CL on 8086 but only lower 5 bits on later CPUs. \\
PUSH SP pushes decremented SP on 8086. Later CPUs push original SP. \\
DEBUG range parameter is either "\emph{start} \emph{end}" or "\emph{start} L \emph{end}". \\
\end{table-X}
%
\end{multicols}
\end{document}
13 changes: 13 additions & 0 deletions Makefile
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
TARGETS = 8086.pdf mips32r2.pdf armv7.pdf crisv10.pdf crisv32.pdf

all: $(TARGETS)

$(TARGETS): sheet.cls

# Build twice to make sure the footers get correct positions
%.pdf: %.tex
pdflatex -halt-on-error $<
pdflatex -halt-on-error $<

clean:
rm -f *.pdf *.log *.aux
Loading

0 comments on commit 5fb109f

Please sign in to comment.