feat(websocket): Expanded example to demonstrate the transfer over TLS

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/README.md

@@ -13,6 +13,47 @@ This example can be executed on any ESP32 board, the only required interface is
 * Open the project configuration menu (`idf.py menuconfig`)
 * Configure Wi-Fi or Ethernet under "Example Connection Configuration" menu.
 * Configure the websocket endpoint URI under "Example Configuration", if "WEBSOCKET_URI_FROM_STDIN" is selected then the example application will connect to the URI it reads from stdin (used for testing)
+* In order to use websocket client over the TLS enable configuration `WS_OVER_TLS_SCHEME=y` (Needs only for python script executation over the TLS)
+
+### Server Certificate Verification
+
+* To skip server certificate verification, enable `ESP_TLS_SKIP_SERVER_CERT_VERIFY=y`
+* If you enable mutual authentification `ESP_TLS_SKIP_SERVER_CERT_VERIFY=n`, you need to set a valid certificates for the server and client
+* Example below demonstrates how to generate a new certificate for the server and client using the OpenSSL command line tool
+
+```
+Generate the CA's Private Key;
+openssl genrsa -out ca_key.pem 2048
+
+Create the CA's Certificate
+openssl req -new -x509 -days 3650 -key ca_key.pem -out ca_cert.pem
+
+Generate the Server's Private Key
+openssl genrsa -out server_key.pem 2048
+
+Generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) for the Server
+openssl req -new -key server_key.pem -out server_csr.pem
+
+Sign the Server's CSR with the CA's Certificate
+openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in server_csr.pem -CA ca_cert.pem -CAkey ca_key.pem -CAcreateserial -out server_cert.pem
+
+Generate the Client's Private Key
+openssl genrsa -out client_key.pem 2048
+
+Generate a Certificate Signing Request (CSR) for the Client
+openssl req -new -key client_key.pem -out client_csr.pem
+
+Sign the Client's CSR with the CA's Certificate
+openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in client_csr.pem -CA ca_cert.pem -CAkey ca_key.pem -CAcreateserial -out client_cert.pem
+
+```
+
+Expiry time and metadata fields can be adjusted in the invocation.
+
+Please see the openssl man pages (man openssl-req) for more details.
+
+It is **strongly recommended** to not reuse the example certificate in your application;
+it is included only for demonstration.
 
 ### Build and Flash
 

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,5 @@
 idf_component_register(SRCS "websocket_example.c"
-                    INCLUDE_DIRS ".")
+                    INCLUDE_DIRS "."
+                    EMBED_TXTFILES "certs/client_cert.pem"
+                    EMBED_TXTFILES "certs/ca_cert.pem"
+                                   "certs/client_key.pem")

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/Kconfig.projbuild

@@ -20,6 +20,16 @@ menu "Example Configuration"
         help
             URL of websocket endpoint this example connects to and sends echo
 
+    config WS_OVER_TLS_SCHEME
+        bool "Use WebSocket over the TLS scheme"
+        default n
+        help
+            This option enables the use of WebSocket connections over TLS (WSS).
+            It can be used regardless of whether certifications are required for
+            the connection, allowing for flexible deployment scenarios. When enabled,
+            ensure that the appropriate SSL/TLS certificates are configured for secure
+            connections.
+
     if CONFIG_IDF_TARGET = "linux"
       config GCOV_ENABLED
           bool "Coverage analyzer"

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/certs/ca_cert.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
+MIIDazCCAlOgAwIBAgIUe0LEmAMsFmKAg2DuDwXmcWXS5p8wDQYJKoZIhvcNAQEL
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/certs/ca_key.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/certs/client_cert.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/certs/client_key.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/certs/server_cert.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE-----

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/certs/server_csr.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----
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+-----END CERTIFICATE REQUEST-----

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/certs/server_key.pem

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
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+MuPHLzS5bcr5EVsB486hGMUBZwKBgQDS2ZJJvdOIxHbir0aaB6LxL8vJvxEFmRUk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+-----END PRIVATE KEY-----

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/main/websocket_example.c

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*
- * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2022-2023 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
+ * SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2022-2024 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
  *
  * SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR CC0-1.0
  */
@@ -143,6 +143,25 @@ static void websocket_app_start(void)
     websocket_cfg.uri = CONFIG_WEBSOCKET_URI;
 #endif /* CONFIG_WEBSOCKET_URI_FROM_STDIN */
 
+#if !CONFIG_ESP_TLS_SKIP_SERVER_CERT_VERIFY
+    extern const char cacert_start[] asm("_binary_ca_cert_pem_start"); // CA certificate
+    websocket_cfg.cert_pem = cacert_start;
+#endif
+
+    extern const char cert_start[] asm("_binary_client_cert_pem_start"); // Client certificate
+    extern const char cert_end[]   asm("_binary_client_cert_pem_end");
+
+    extern const char key_start[] asm("_binary_client_key_pem_start"); // Client private key
+    extern const char key_end[]   asm("_binary_client_key_pem_end");
+
+    websocket_cfg.skip_cert_common_name_check = true;
+
+    websocket_cfg.client_cert = cert_start;
+    websocket_cfg.client_cert_len = cert_end - cert_start;
+
+    websocket_cfg.client_key = key_start;
+    websocket_cfg.client_key_len = key_end - key_start;
+
     ESP_LOGI(TAG, "Connecting to %s...", websocket_cfg.uri);
 
     esp_websocket_client_handle_t client = esp_websocket_client_init(&websocket_cfg);

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/pytest_websocket.py

@@ -1,13 +1,15 @@
-# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2022-2023 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
+# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2022-2024 Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD
 # SPDX-License-Identifier: Unlicense OR CC0-1.0
 import json
 import random
 import re
 import socket
+import ssl
 import string
 from threading import Event, Thread
 
-from SimpleWebSocketServer import SimpleWebSocketServer, WebSocket
+from SimpleWebSocketServer import (SimpleSSLWebSocketServer,
+                                   SimpleWebSocketServer, WebSocket)
 
 
 def get_my_ip():
@@ -44,12 +46,21 @@ def send_data(self, data):
             conn.sendMessage(data)
 
     def run(self):
-        self.server = SimpleWebSocketServer('', self.port, WebsocketTestEcho)
+        if self.use_tls is True:
+            ssl_context = ssl.SSLContext(ssl.PROTOCOL_TLS_SERVER)
+            ssl_context.load_cert_chain(certfile='main/certs/server_cert.pem', keyfile='main/certs/server_key.pem')
+            ssl_context.load_verify_locations(cafile='main/certs/ca_cert.pem')
+            ssl_context.verify_mode = ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+            ssl_context.check_hostname = False
+            self.server = SimpleSSLWebSocketServer('', self.port, WebsocketTestEcho, ssl_context=ssl_context)
+        else:
+            self.server = SimpleWebSocketServer('', self.port, WebsocketTestEcho)
         while not self.exit_event.is_set():
             self.server.serveonce()
 
-    def __init__(self, port):
+    def __init__(self, port, use_tls):
         self.port = port
+        self.use_tls = use_tls
         self.exit_event = Event()
         self.thread = Thread(target=self.run)
         self.thread.start()
@@ -134,7 +145,7 @@ def test_recv_long_msg(dut, websocket, msg_len, repeats):
                         send_msg, len(send_msg), recv_msg, len(recv_msg)))
 
     def test_fragmented_msg(dut):
-        dut.expect('Received=' + 32 * 'a' + 32 * 'b')
+        dut.expect('Received=' + 32 * 'a' + 32 * 'b', timeout=40)
         print('Fragmented data received')
 
     # Starting of the test
@@ -145,14 +156,22 @@ def test_fragmented_msg(dut):
             uri = dut.app.sdkconfig['WEBSOCKET_URI']
             uri_from_stdin = False
 
+        if dut.app.sdkconfig.get('WS_OVER_TLS_SCHEME') is True:
+            use_tls = True
+        else:
+            use_tls = False
+
     except Exception:
         print('ENV_TEST_FAILURE: Cannot find uri settings in sdkconfig')
         raise
 
     if uri_from_stdin:
         server_port = 8080
-        with Websocket(server_port) as ws:
-            uri = 'ws://{}:{}'.format(get_my_ip(), server_port)
+        with Websocket(server_port, use_tls) as ws:
+            if use_tls is True:
+                uri = 'wss://{}:{}'.format(get_my_ip(), server_port)
+            else:
+                uri = 'ws://{}:{}'.format(get_my_ip(), server_port)
             print('DUT connecting to {}'.format(uri))
             dut.expect('Please enter uri of websocket endpoint', timeout=30)
             dut.write(uri)

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/sdkconfig.ci.client_cert_verification

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+CONFIG_IDF_TARGET="esp32"
+CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_LINUX=n
+CONFIG_WEBSOCKET_URI_FROM_STDIN=y
+CONFIG_WEBSOCKET_URI_FROM_STRING=n
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_ETHERNET=y
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_WIFI=n
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_USE_INTERNAL_ETHERNET=y
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_PHY_IP101=y
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_MDC_GPIO=23
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_MDIO_GPIO=18
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_PHY_RST_GPIO=5
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_PHY_ADDR=1
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_IPV6=y
+CONFIG_WS_OVER_TLS_SCHEME=y # this config only needs for python script configuration
+CONFIG_ESP_TLS_SKIP_SERVER_CERT_VERIFY=y
+CONFIG_ESP_TLS_INSECURE=y

components/esp_websocket_client/examples/target/sdkconfig.ci.server_client_cert_verification

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+CONFIG_IDF_TARGET="esp32"
+CONFIG_IDF_TARGET_LINUX=n
+CONFIG_WEBSOCKET_URI_FROM_STDIN=y
+CONFIG_WEBSOCKET_URI_FROM_STRING=n
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_ETHERNET=y
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_WIFI=n
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_USE_INTERNAL_ETHERNET=y
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_PHY_IP101=y
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_MDC_GPIO=23
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_MDIO_GPIO=18
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_PHY_RST_GPIO=5
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_ETH_PHY_ADDR=1
+CONFIG_EXAMPLE_CONNECT_IPV6=y
+CONFIG_WS_OVER_TLS_SCHEME=y # this config only needs for python script configuration
+CONFIG_ESP_TLS_SKIP_SERVER_CERT_VERIFY=n