chore(deps): bump pennylane from 0.43.1 to 0.45.1

[dependabot]

Bumps pennylane from 0.43.1 to 0.45.1.

Release notes

Sourced from pennylane's releases.

Release 0.45.1

• Pin autograd to <1.9 to avoid a breaking change in the autograd package that was introduced in version 1.9. [(#9731)](PennyLaneAI/pennylane#9731)

This release contains contributions from (in alphabetical order):

Yushao Chen, Andrija Paurevic.

Release 0.45.0

• A new state preparation method called SumOfSlatersPrep is now available. This state preparation routine introduced in Fomichev et al., PRX Quantum 5, 040339 (see the associated demo) is a state-of-the-art technique for algorithms that require a high-quality initial state, like in ground-state energy estimation algorithms of chemical systems. [(#8964)](PennyLaneAI/pennylane#8964) [(#8997)](PennyLaneAI/pennylane#8997) [(#9228)](PennyLaneAI/pennylane#9228) [(#9323)](PennyLaneAI/pennylane#9323)

  Consider this sparse state on three qubits, specified by normalized coefficients and statevector indices pointing to the populated computational basis states:

  import pennylane as qp
  import numpy as np
  coefficients = np.array([1, -1j, 1j, 1]) / np.sqrt(4)
  indices = (0, 1, 2, 4)
  num_wires = 3
  wires = list(range(num_wires))

  The SumOfSlatersPrep operation requires the coefficients, indices, and wires as input. It efficiently prepares sparse states using auxiliary wires, QROM\ s, reversible bit encodings, and a dense-state preparation on a smaller subspace. Its implementation can be inspected by using PennyLane's graph-based decomposition algorithm (enable_graph) with the following gate set and five auxiliary wires (work_wires).

  qp.decomposition.enable_graph()
  gate_set = {"QROM", "TemporaryAND", "Adjoint(TemporaryAND)", "StatePrep", "CNOT", "X"}
  num_work_wires = 5
  @​qp.decompose(gate_set=gate_set, num_work_wires=num_work_wires)
  @​qp.qnode(qp.device("lightning.qubit", wires=num_work_wires+num_wires))
  def circuit():
  qp.SumOfSlatersPrep(coefficients, wires, indices)
  return qp.state()

  >>> print(qp.draw(circuit, show_matrices=False, max_length=180)())

... (truncated)

Commits

• 5f61ce2 [Bug Fix Release] Pin autograd<1.9 in v0.45.1 (#9734)
• 708a310 Bump minimum Lightning, Catalyst, and Pennylane versions to 0.45.0, 0.15.0, a...
• 8bb4f59 [v0.45 release] strip -rcX suffix from version in preparation for release (#9...
• 7c57364 [no ci] bump nightly version
• 4adea5d [no ci] bump nightly version
• 52124f6 [no ci] bump nightly version
• 7423bad v0.45 Release Notes (#9409)
• 1bafaf2 Clarifications in transforms docstrings (#9441)
• efae1e0 Misc release fixes (#9438)
• 5af1278 fix: prepend qnode as an argument to a pass' setup_inputs docstring (#9444)
• Additional commits viewable in compare view

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