feat: add support for url_encode, url_decode, and try_url_decode

docs/source/contributor-guide/spark_expressions_support.md

@@ -586,10 +586,16 @@
 ### url_funcs
 
 - [ ] parse_url
-- [ ] try_parse_url
-- [ ] try_url_decode
-- [ ] url_decode
-- [ ] url_encode
+- [x] try_url_decode
+  - 4.0.1, 2026-05-05
+- [x] url_decode
+  - 3.4.3, 2026-04-29
+  - 3.5.8, 2026-04-29
+  - 4.0.1, 2026-04-29
+- [x] url_encode
+  - 3.4.3, 2026-04-29
+  - 3.5.8, 2026-04-29
+  - 4.0.1, 2026-04-29
 
 ### window_funcs
 

native/core/src/execution/jni_api.rs

@@ -62,6 +62,9 @@ use datafusion_spark::function::string::char::CharFunc;
 use datafusion_spark::function::string::concat::SparkConcat;
 use datafusion_spark::function::string::luhn_check::SparkLuhnCheck;
 use datafusion_spark::function::string::space::SparkSpace;
+use datafusion_spark::function::url::try_url_decode::TryUrlDecode as SparkTryUrlDecode;
+use datafusion_spark::function::url::url_decode::UrlDecode as SparkUrlDecode;
+use datafusion_spark::function::url::url_encode::UrlEncode as SparkUrlEncode;
 use futures::poll;
 use futures::stream::StreamExt;
 use futures::FutureExt;
@@ -567,6 +570,9 @@ fn register_datafusion_spark_function(session_ctx: &SessionContext) {
     session_ctx.register_udf(ScalarUDF::new_from_impl(SparkArrayContains::default()));
     session_ctx.register_udf(ScalarUDF::new_from_impl(SparkBin::default()));
     session_ctx.register_udf(ScalarUDF::new_from_impl(SparkStrToMap::default()));
+    session_ctx.register_udf(ScalarUDF::new_from_impl(SparkUrlDecode::default()));
+    session_ctx.register_udf(ScalarUDF::new_from_impl(SparkUrlEncode::default()));
+    session_ctx.register_udf(ScalarUDF::new_from_impl(SparkTryUrlDecode::default()));
 }
 
 /// Prepares arrow arrays for output.

spark/src/main/scala/org/apache/comet/serde/statics.scala

@@ -19,11 +19,12 @@
 
 package org.apache.comet.serde
 
-import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Attribute, ExpressionImplUtils}
+import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.{Attribute, ExpressionImplUtils, Literal, UrlCodec}
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.expressions.objects.StaticInvoke
 import org.apache.spark.sql.catalyst.util.CharVarcharCodegenUtils
 
 import org.apache.comet.CometSparkSessionExtensions.withInfo
+import org.apache.comet.serde.QueryPlanSerde.{exprToProtoInternal, optExprWithInfo, scalarFunctionExprToProto}
 
 object CometStaticInvoke extends CometExpressionSerde[StaticInvoke] {
 
@@ -35,7 +36,9 @@ object CometStaticInvoke extends CometExpressionSerde[StaticInvoke] {
     Map(
       ("readSidePadding", classOf[CharVarcharCodegenUtils]) -> CometScalarFunction(
         "read_side_padding"),
-      ("isLuhnNumber", classOf[ExpressionImplUtils]) -> CometScalarFunction("luhn_check"))
+      ("isLuhnNumber", classOf[ExpressionImplUtils]) -> CometScalarFunction("luhn_check"),
+      ("encode", UrlCodec.getClass) -> CometUrlEncodeStaticInvoke,
+      ("decode", UrlCodec.getClass) -> CometUrlDecodeStaticInvoke)
 
   override def convert(
       expr: StaticInvoke,
@@ -53,3 +56,30 @@ object CometStaticInvoke extends CometExpressionSerde[StaticInvoke] {
     }
   }
 }
+
+object CometUrlEncodeStaticInvoke extends CometExpressionSerde[StaticInvoke] {
+  override def convert(
+      expr: StaticInvoke,
+      inputs: Seq[Attribute],
+      binding: Boolean): Option[ExprOuterClass.Expr] = {
+    val childExpr = exprToProtoInternal(expr.children.head, inputs, binding)
+    val optExpr = scalarFunctionExprToProto("url_encode", childExpr)
+    optExprWithInfo(optExpr, expr, expr.children: _*)
+  }
+}
+
+object CometUrlDecodeStaticInvoke extends CometExpressionSerde[StaticInvoke] {
+  override def convert(
+      expr: StaticInvoke,
+      inputs: Seq[Attribute],
+      binding: Boolean): Option[ExprOuterClass.Expr] = {
+    val failOnError = expr.children match {
+      case Seq(_, Literal(false, _)) => false
+      case _ => true
+    }
+    val funcName = if (failOnError) "url_decode" else "try_url_decode"
+    val childExpr = exprToProtoInternal(expr.children.head, inputs, binding)
+    val optExpr = scalarFunctionExprToProto(funcName, childExpr)
+    optExprWithInfo(optExpr, expr, expr.children: _*)
+  }
+}

spark/src/test/resources/sql-tests/expressions/url/try_url_decode.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+-- or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+-- distributed with this work for additional information
+-- regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+-- to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+-- "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+-- with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+--
+--   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+--
+-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+-- software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+-- "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+-- KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+-- specific language governing permissions and limitations
+-- under the License.
+
+-- try_url_decode is Spark 4.0+. It rewrites to UrlDecode(_, failOnError=false),
+-- which becomes StaticInvoke(UrlCodec, "decode", [child, Literal(false)], ...).
+-- CometUrlDecodeStaticInvoke detects failOnError=false and emits try_url_decode.
+
+-- MinSparkVersion: 4.0
+
+statement
+CREATE TABLE test_try_decode(s string) USING parquet
+
+statement
+INSERT INTO test_try_decode VALUES
+  ('https%3A%2F%2Fspark.apache.org'),
+  ('hello+world'),
+  ('a%2Bb%3Dc%26d%3De'),
+  ('caf%C3%A9'),
+  (''),
+  (NULL),
+  ('no+encoding+needed'),
+  ('%21%40%23%24%25%5E%26%2A%28%29%5F%2B'),
+  ('%2a%2b%2c'),
+  ('http%3A%2F%2spark.apache.org')
+
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode(s) FROM test_try_decode
+
+-- literal arguments
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode('https%3A%2F%2Fspark.apache.org')
+
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode('hello+world')
+
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode('')
+
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode(NULL)
+
+-- roundtrip: encode then decode
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode(url_encode('hello world & goodbye'))
+
+-- multibyte UTF-8
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode('%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%83%86%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88')
+
+-- lowercase hex (RFC 3986 says hex digits are case-insensitive)
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode('%2a%2b%2c')
+
+-- malformed percent-encoding: try_url_decode returns NULL instead of erroring
+query
+SELECT try_url_decode('http%3A%2F%2spark.apache.org')

spark/src/test/resources/sql-tests/expressions/url/url_decode.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+-- or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+-- distributed with this work for additional information
+-- regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+-- to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+-- "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+-- with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+--
+--   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+--
+-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+-- software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+-- "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+-- KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+-- specific language governing permissions and limitations
+-- under the License.
+
+-- url_decode function
+statement
+CREATE TABLE test_decode(s string) USING parquet
+
+statement
+INSERT INTO test_decode VALUES
+  ('https%3A%2F%2Fspark.apache.org'),
+  ('hello+world'),
+  ('a%2Bb%3Dc%26d%3De'),
+  ('caf%C3%A9'),
+  (''),
+  (NULL),
+  ('no+encoding+needed'),
+  ('%21%40%23%24%25%5E%26%2A%28%29%5F%2B'),
+  ('%2a%2b%2c')
+
+query
+SELECT url_decode(s) FROM test_decode
+
+-- literal arguments
+query
+SELECT url_decode('https%3A%2F%2Fspark.apache.org')
+
+query
+SELECT url_decode('hello+world')
+
+query
+SELECT url_decode('')
+
+query
+SELECT url_decode(NULL)
+
+-- roundtrip: encode then decode
+query
+SELECT url_decode(url_encode('hello world & goodbye'))
+
+-- multibyte UTF-8
+query
+SELECT url_decode('%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E8%AA%9E%E3%83%86%E3%82%B9%E3%83%88')
+
+-- lowercase hex (RFC 3986 says hex digits are case-insensitive)
+query
+SELECT url_decode('%2a%2b%2c')
+
+-- malformed percent-encoding: both Spark and Comet must error and the bad
+-- sequence must appear in the error message
+query expect_error(%2s)
+SELECT url_decode('http%3A%2F%2spark.apache.org')

spark/src/test/resources/sql-tests/expressions/url/url_encode.sql

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+-- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one
+-- or more contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file
+-- distributed with this work for additional information
+-- regarding copyright ownership.  The ASF licenses this file
+-- to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the
+-- "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance
+-- with the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+--
+--   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+--
+-- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing,
+-- software distributed under the License is distributed on an
+-- "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY
+-- KIND, either express or implied.  See the License for the
+-- specific language governing permissions and limitations
+-- under the License.
+
+-- url_encode function
+statement
+CREATE TABLE test_encode(s string) USING parquet
+
+statement
+INSERT INTO test_encode VALUES
+  ('https://spark.apache.org'),
+  ('hello world'),
+  ('a+b=c&d=e'),
+  ('café'),
+  (''),
+  (NULL),
+  ('foo bar/baz?x=1&y=2'),
+  ('~*''()'),
+  ('a%20b'),
+  ('\t\n\r')
+
+query
+SELECT url_encode(s) FROM test_encode
+
+-- literal arguments
+query
+SELECT url_encode('https://spark.apache.org')
+
+query
+SELECT url_encode('hello world')
+
+query
+SELECT url_encode('')
+
+query
+SELECT url_encode(NULL)
+
+-- special characters
+query
+SELECT url_encode('a b+c&d=e/f')
+
+-- multibyte UTF-8
+query
+SELECT url_encode('日本語テスト')
+
+-- boundary characters in the preserved set
+query
+SELECT url_encode('~*''()')
+
+-- already-encoded input (verify double-encoding of percent)
+query
+SELECT url_encode('a%20b')
+
+-- whitespace control characters
+query
+SELECT url_encode('\t\n\r')