MAINT: Drop Python 3.9

Drop Python 3.9 from the supported Python versions and CI.

Python 3.9 is still used in the Cygwin build test because Cygwin
does not yet support 3.10.

.github/workflows/linux.yml

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-depth: 0
     - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - name: Install linter requirements
       run:
         python -m pip install -r requirements/linter_requirements.txt
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-tags: true
     - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - uses: ./.github/meson_actions
 
   pypy:
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-tags: true
     - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
       with:
-        python-version: 'pypy3.9-v7.3.12'
+        python-version: 'pypy3.10-v7.3.15'
     - name: Setup using scipy-openblas
       run: |
         python -m pip install -r requirements/ci_requirements.txt
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-tags: true
     - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - name: Install build and test dependencies from PyPI
       run: |
         pip install -r requirements/build_requirements.txt
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-tags: true
     - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - name: Install build and benchmarking dependencies
       run: |
         sudo apt-get update

.github/workflows/linux_simd.yml

@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-tags: true
     - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
     - uses: ./.github/meson_actions
       name: Build/Test
 
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ jobs:
         fetch-tags: true
     - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
       with:
-        python-version: '3.9'
+        python-version: '3.10'
 
     - name: Install GCC/8/9
       run: |
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ jobs:
           - [
             "without optimizations",
             "-Dallow-noblas=true -Ddisable-optimization=true",
-            "3.12-dev"
+            "3.12"
           ]
           - [
             "native",
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ jobs:
           - [
             "without avx512/avx2/fma3",
             "-Dallow-noblas=true -Dcpu-dispatch=SSSE3,SSE41,POPCNT,SSE42,AVX,F16C",
-            "3.9"
+            "3.10"
           ]
 
     env:

.github/workflows/mypy.yml

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ jobs:
         os_python:
           - [ubuntu-latest, '3.12']
           - [windows-2019, '3.11']
-          - [macos-12, '3.9']
+          - [macos-12, '3.10']
     steps:
     - uses: actions/checkout@b4ffde65f46336ab88eb53be808477a3936bae11 # v4.1.1
       with:

.github/workflows/wheels.yml

@@ -85,15 +85,15 @@ jobs:
           - [macos-14, macosx_arm64, accelerate]  # always use accelerate
           - [windows-2019, win_amd64, ""]
           - [windows-2019, win32, ""]
-        python: ["cp39", "cp310", "cp311", "cp312", "pp39"]
+        python: ["cp310", "cp311", "cp312", "pp310"]
         exclude:
           # Don't build PyPy 32-bit windows
           - buildplat: [windows-2019, win32, ""]
-            python: "pp39"
+            python: "pp310"
           - buildplat: [ ubuntu-20.04, musllinux_x86_64, "" ]
-            python: "pp39"
+            python: "pp310"
           - buildplat: [ macos-14, macosx_arm64, accelerate ]
-            python: "pp39"
+            python: "pp310"
     env:
       IS_32_BIT: ${{ matrix.buildplat[1] == 'win32' }}
       IS_PUSH: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' && startsWith(github.ref, 'refs/tags/v') }}
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ jobs:
       - uses: actions/setup-python@82c7e631bb3cdc910f68e0081d67478d79c6982d # v5.1.0
         with:
           # Build sdist on lowest supported Python
-          python-version: "3.9"
+          python-version: "3.10"
       - name: Build sdist
         run: |
           python -m pip install -U pip build

INSTALL.rst

@@ -14,13 +14,13 @@ Prerequisites
 
 Building NumPy requires the following installed software:
 
-1) Python__ 3.9.x or newer.
+1) Python__ 3.10.x or newer.
 
    Please note that the Python development headers also need to be installed,
    e.g., on Debian/Ubuntu one needs to install both `python3` and
    `python3-dev`. On Windows and macOS this is normally not an issue.
 
-2) Cython >= 3.0
+2) Cython >= 3.0.6
 
 3) pytest__ (optional)
 

azure-pipelines.yml

@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ stages:
     steps:
     - task: UsePythonVersion@0
       inputs:
-        versionSpec: '3.9'
+        versionSpec: '3.10'
         addToPath: true
         architecture: 'x64'
     - script: >-
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ stages:
       displayName: 'Run Lint Checks'
       failOnStderr: true
 
-  - job: Linux_Python_39_32bit_full_with_asserts
+  - job: Linux_Python_310_32bit_full_with_asserts
     pool:
       vmImage: 'ubuntu-20.04'
     steps:
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ stages:
             TEST_MODE: full
             BITS: 64
             _USE_BLAS_ILP64: '1'
-          PyPy39-64bit-fast:
-            PYTHON_VERSION: 'pypy3.9'
+          PyPy310-64bit-fast:
+            PYTHON_VERSION: 'pypy3.10'
             PYTHON_ARCH: 'x64'
             TEST_MODE: fast
             BITS: 64

building_with_meson.md

@@ -1,9 +1,8 @@
 # Building with Meson
 
 _Note: this is for early adopters. It has been tested on Linux and macOS, and
-with Python 3.9-3.12. Windows will be tested soon. There is one CI job to keep
-the build stable. This may have rough edges, please open an issue if you run
-into a problem._
+with Python 3.10-3.12. There is one CI job to keep the build stable. This may
+have rough edges, please open an issue if you run into a problem._
 
 ### Developer build
 

pyproject.toml

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ authors = [{name = "Travis E. Oliphant et al."}]
 maintainers = [
     {name = "NumPy Developers", email="[email protected]"},
 ]
-requires-python = ">=3.9"
+requires-python = ">=3.10"
 readme = "README.md"
 classifiers = [
     'Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable',
@@ -26,7 +26,6 @@ classifiers = [
     'Programming Language :: C',
     'Programming Language :: Python',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3',
-    'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11',
     'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12',

tools/ci/cirrus_arm.yml

@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ freebsd_test_task:
 
   install_devtools_script: |
     pkg install -y git bash ninja ccache blas cblas lapack pkgconf
+    pkg install -y python311
 
   <<: *MODIFIED_CLONE
 
@@ -86,22 +87,22 @@ freebsd_test_task:
   prepare_env_script: |
     # Create a venv (the `source` command needs bash, not the default sh shell)
     chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash
-    python -m venv .venv
+    python3.11 -m venv .venv
     source .venv/bin/activate
     # Minimal build and test requirements
-    python -m pip install -U pip
-    python -m pip install meson-python Cython pytest hypothesis
+    python3.11 -m pip install -U pip
+    python3.11 -m pip install meson-python Cython pytest hypothesis
 
   build_script: |
     chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash
     source .venv/bin/activate
-    python -m pip install . --no-build-isolation -v -Csetup-args="-Dallow-noblas=false"
+    python3.11 -m pip install . --no-build-isolation -v -Csetup-args="-Dallow-noblas=false"
 
   test_script: |
     chsh -s /usr/local/bin/bash
     source .venv/bin/activate
     cd tools
-    python -m pytest --pyargs numpy -m "not slow"
+    python3.11 -m pytest --pyargs numpy -m "not slow"
     ccache -s
 
   on_failure:

tools/ci/cirrus_wheels.yml

@@ -23,10 +23,6 @@ linux_aarch64_task:
     # build in a matrix because building and testing all four wheels in a
     # single task takes longer than 60 mins (the default time limit for a
     # cirrus-ci task).
-    - env:
-        CIRRUS_CLONE_SUBMODULES: true
-        CIBW_BUILD: cp39-*
-        EXPECT_CPU_FEATURES: NEON NEON_FP16 NEON_VFPV4 ASIMD ASIMDHP ASIMDDP ASIMDFHM
     - env:
         CIRRUS_CLONE_SUBMODULES: true
         CIBW_BUILD: cp310-*
@@ -35,7 +31,6 @@ linux_aarch64_task:
         CIBW_BUILD: cp311-*
     - env:
         CIRRUS_CLONE_SUBMODULES: true
-        CIBW_PRERELEASE_PYTHONS: True
         CIBW_BUILD: cp312-*
 
   initial_setup_script: |
@@ -64,10 +59,10 @@ macosx_arm64_task:
   matrix:
     - env:
         CIRRUS_CLONE_SUBMODULES: true
-        CIBW_BUILD: cp39-* cp310-*
+        CIBW_BUILD: cp310-* cp311
     - env:
         CIRRUS_CLONE_SUBMODULES: true
-        CIBW_BUILD: cp311-* cp312-*
+        CIBW_BUILD: cp312-*
   env:
     PATH: /usr/local/lib:/usr/local/include:$PATH
     CIBW_ARCHS: arm64

tools/ci/run_32_bit_linux_docker.sh

@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ set -xe
 
 git config --global --add safe.directory /numpy
 cd /numpy
-/opt/python/cp39-cp39/bin/python -mvenv venv
+/opt/python/cp310-cp310/bin/python -mvenv venv
 source venv/bin/activate
 pip install -r requirements/ci32_requirements.txt
 python3 -m pip install -r requirements/test_requirements.txt