Titanic-Survival-Conditional-Probability

Completed by Mangaliso Makhoba.

Overview: This project is using the Titanic Dataset to create a simple statitistical model that will return a conditional survival probabily of a passenger given a condition on a numerical variable from the dataset.

Problem Statement: Build a model that will return a passengers survival chance given a passengers detail as input.

Data: Titanic Kaggle Challenge

Deliverables: Probability

Topics Covered

1. Statistical Modeling
2. Imputation of Missing values
3. Probability

Tools Used

1. Scikit-learn
2. Jupyter Notebook

Installation and Usage

Ensure that the following packages have been installed and imported.

pip install numpy
pip install pandas

Jupyter Notebook - to run ipython notebook (.ipynb) project file

Follow instruction on https://docs.anaconda.com/anaconda/install/ to install Anaconda with Jupyter.

Alternatively: VS Code can render Jupyter Notebooks

Notebook Structure

The structure of this notebook is as follows:

• First, we'll load our data to get a view of the predictor and response variables we will be modeling.
• We determine the number of missing values for a specific column
• We'll then preprocess our data by imputing missing values, mean in numerical features, and mode in categorical feaures.
• We then model the survival probabilty of a passenger given their age, class, gender and so on

Function 1: Missing Values

A function that determines the number of missing entries for a specified column in the dataset. The function should return an int that corresponds to the number of missing entries in the specified column.

Function Specifications:

• Should take a pandas DataFrame and a column_name as input and return a int as output.
• The int should be the number of missing entries in the column.
• Should be generalised to be able to work on ANY dataframe.

Expected Outputs:

total_missing(df,'Age') == 177
total_missing(df,'Survived') == 0

Function 2: Imputation

Write a function that takes in as input a dataframe and a column name, and returns the mean for numerical columns and the mode for non-numerical columns.

Function Specifications:

• The function should take two inputs: (df, column_name), where df is a pandas DataFrame, column_name is a str.
• If the column_name does not exist in df, raise a ValueError.
• Should return as output the mean if the specified column is numerical and return a list of the mode(s) otherwise.
• The mean should be rounded to 2 decimal places.
• If there is more than one mode for a given non-numerical column, the fuction should return a list of all modes.

Expected Outputs:

calc_mean_mode(df, 'Age') == 29.7
calc_mean_mode(df, 'Embarked') == ['S']

Function 3: Model

We ultimately want to predict the survival chances of the passengers in the testing set. We can start by building a simple model using the data we already have by using conditional probability ! Write a function that returns the survival probability of a passenger, given a condition on a numerical variable from the dataset. The condition will consist of a column_name, a value and a boolean_operator. Possible boolean operators include "<",">", or "==". For example, column_name = "Age", boolean_operator = ">", and value = 40 together form the condition Age > 40.

Function specifications:

• The function should make use of the df_clean DataFrame loaded earlier in this notebook.
• It should take a numerical column_name string, a boolean_operator string, and a value of type string as input.
• It should return a survival likelihood as a number between 0 and 1, rounded to 2 decimal places.
• Assume that column_name exists in df_clean.

Expected Outputs:

survival_likelihood(df_clean,"Pclass","==","3") == 0.24
survival_likelihood(df_clean,"Age","<","15") == 0.58

Conclusion

Finding an appropriate strategy to impute missing values is very important to increasing the accuracy of the model you are building.

Contributing Authors

Authors: Mangaliso Makhoba, Explore Data Science Academy

Contact: [email protected]

Project Continuity

This is project is complete

Contributing

Pull requests are welcome. For major changes, please open an issue first to discuss what you would like to change.

License

MIT