Add docker image build and publish workflow

[chAwater]

Hi, thanks for this repo! it's been really useful for my work!

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I'd love to have an official docker image so I can just pull on our server instead of manually check for update and rebuilding.
So I put together everything and make this PR.

1. Add docker-publish.yml
   • Using github actions to build and push the docker image to github ghcr.io
2. Reroder the Dockerfile for better caching
3. Fix cache path for non-root user
   • PermissionError: [Errno 13] Permission denied: '/.cache'
   • RuntimeError: cannot cache function '_prepare_msa_arrays_inner': no locator available for file '/app/src/boltzgen/data/feature/featurizer.py'

• Fix Provide Docker image #101

I have been using this setup in my own workflow (github actions to build the image + a self-hosted runner to test).
I thought this setup is quite useful, so I wanted to share the config and hope it may be helpful for others as well.

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My github actions logs:

• This workflow: https://github.com/chAwater/boltzgen/actions/runs/24318322994
• With testing on self-hosted runner: https://github.com/chAwater/boltzgen/actions/runs/24365191605
• Cache path error when using non-root user
  • https://github.com/chAwater/boltzgen/actions/runs/24270500287/job/70875243752
  • https://github.com/chAwater/boltzgen/actions/runs/24278305500/job/70896935265