Rollup merge of rust-lang#135408 - RalfJung:x86-sse2, r=workingjubilee

x86: make SSE2 required for i686 hardfloat targets and use it to pass SIMD types

The primary goal of this is to make SSE2 *required* for our i686 targets (at least for the ones that use Pentium 4 as their baseline), to ensure they cannot be affected by rust-lang#114479. This has been MCPd in rust-lang/compiler-team#808, and is tracked in rust-lang#133611.

We do this by defining a new ABI that these targets select, and making SSE2 required by the ABI (that's the first commit). That's kind of a hack, but (a) it is the easiest way to make a target feature required via the target spec, and (b) we actually *can* use SSE2 for the Rust ABI now that it is required, so the second commit goes ahead and does that. Specifically, we use it in two ways: to return `f64` values in a register rather than by-ptr, and to pass vectors of size up to 128bit in a register (or, well, whatever LLVM does when passing `<4 x float>` by-val, I don't actually know if this ends up in a register).

Cc `@workingjubilee`
Fixes rust-lang#133611

Author: workingjubilee

compiler/rustc_target/src/callconv/mod.rs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ use rustc_abi::{
 use rustc_macros::HashStable_Generic;
 use rustc_span::Symbol;
 
-use crate::spec::{HasTargetSpec, HasWasmCAbiOpt, HasX86AbiOpt, WasmCAbi};
+use crate::spec::{HasTargetSpec, HasWasmCAbiOpt, HasX86AbiOpt, RustcAbi, WasmCAbi};
 
 mod aarch64;
 mod amdgpu;
@@ -387,6 +387,7 @@ impl<'a, Ty> ArgAbi<'a, Ty> {
     /// Pass this argument directly instead. Should NOT be used!
     /// Only exists because of past ABI mistakes that will take time to fix
     /// (see <https://github.com/rust-lang/rust/issues/115666>).
+    #[track_caller]
     pub fn make_direct_deprecated(&mut self) {
         match self.mode {
             PassMode::Indirect { .. } => {
@@ -399,6 +400,7 @@ impl<'a, Ty> ArgAbi<'a, Ty> {
 
     /// Pass this argument indirectly, by passing a (thin or wide) pointer to the argument instead.
     /// This is valid for both sized and unsized arguments.
+    #[track_caller]
     pub fn make_indirect(&mut self) {
         match self.mode {
             PassMode::Direct(_) | PassMode::Pair(_, _) => {
@@ -413,6 +415,7 @@ impl<'a, Ty> ArgAbi<'a, Ty> {
 
     /// Same as `make_indirect`, but for arguments that are ignored. Only needed for ABIs that pass
     /// ZSTs indirectly.
+    #[track_caller]
     pub fn make_indirect_from_ignore(&mut self) {
         match self.mode {
             PassMode::Ignore => {
@@ -736,27 +739,46 @@ impl<'a, Ty> FnAbi<'a, Ty> {
         C: HasDataLayout + HasTargetSpec,
     {
         let spec = cx.target_spec();
-        match &spec.arch[..] {
+        match &*spec.arch {
             "x86" => x86::compute_rust_abi_info(cx, self, abi),
             "riscv32" | "riscv64" => riscv::compute_rust_abi_info(cx, self, abi),
             "loongarch64" => loongarch::compute_rust_abi_info(cx, self, abi),
             "aarch64" => aarch64::compute_rust_abi_info(cx, self),
             _ => {}
         };
 
+        // Decides whether we can pass the given SIMD argument via `PassMode::Direct`.
+        // May only return `true` if the target will always pass those arguments the same way,
+        // no matter what the user does with `-Ctarget-feature`! In other words, whatever
+        // target features are required to pass a SIMD value in registers must be listed in
+        // the `abi_required_features` for the current target and ABI.
+        let can_pass_simd_directly = |arg: &ArgAbi<'_, Ty>| match &*spec.arch {
+            // On x86, if we have SSE2 (which we have by default for x86_64), we can always pass up
+            // to 128-bit-sized vectors.
+            "x86" if spec.rustc_abi == Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2) => arg.layout.size.bits() <= 128,
+            "x86_64" if spec.rustc_abi != Some(RustcAbi::X86Softfloat) => {
+                arg.layout.size.bits() <= 128
+            }
+            // So far, we haven't implemented this logic for any other target.
+            _ => false,
+        };
+
         for (arg_idx, arg) in self
             .args
             .iter_mut()
             .enumerate()
             .map(|(idx, arg)| (Some(idx), arg))
             .chain(iter::once((None, &mut self.ret)))
         {
-            if arg.is_ignore() {
+            // If the logic above already picked a specific type to cast the argument to, leave that
+            // in place.
+            if matches!(arg.mode, PassMode::Ignore | PassMode::Cast { .. }) {
                 continue;
             }
 
             if arg_idx.is_none()
                 && arg.layout.size > Primitive::Pointer(AddressSpace::DATA).size(cx) * 2
+                && !matches!(arg.layout.backend_repr, BackendRepr::Vector { .. })
             {
                 // Return values larger than 2 registers using a return area
                 // pointer. LLVM and Cranelift disagree about how to return
@@ -766,7 +788,8 @@ impl<'a, Ty> FnAbi<'a, Ty> {
                 // return value independently and decide to pass it in a
                 // register or not, which would result in the return value
                 // being passed partially in registers and partially through a
-                // return area pointer.
+                // return area pointer. For large IR-level values such as `i128`,
+                // cranelift will even split up the value into smaller chunks.
                 //
                 // While Cranelift may need to be fixed as the LLVM behavior is
                 // generally more correct with respect to the surface language,
@@ -796,53 +819,60 @@ impl<'a, Ty> FnAbi<'a, Ty> {
                 // rustc_target already ensure any return value which doesn't
                 // fit in the available amount of return registers is passed in
                 // the right way for the current target.
+                //
+                // The adjustment is not necessary nor desired for types with a vector
+                // representation; those are handled below.
                 arg.make_indirect();
                 continue;
             }
 
             match arg.layout.backend_repr {
-                BackendRepr::Memory { .. } => {}
-
-                // This is a fun case! The gist of what this is doing is
-                // that we want callers and callees to always agree on the
-                // ABI of how they pass SIMD arguments. If we were to *not*
-                // make these arguments indirect then they'd be immediates
-                // in LLVM, which means that they'd used whatever the
-                // appropriate ABI is for the callee and the caller. That
-                // means, for example, if the caller doesn't have AVX
-                // enabled but the callee does, then passing an AVX argument
-                // across this boundary would cause corrupt data to show up.
-                //
-                // This problem is fixed by unconditionally passing SIMD
-                // arguments through memory between callers and callees
-                // which should get them all to agree on ABI regardless of
-                // target feature sets. Some more information about this
-                // issue can be found in #44367.
-                //
-                // Note that the intrinsic ABI is exempt here as
-                // that's how we connect up to LLVM and it's unstable
-                // anyway, we control all calls to it in libstd.
-                BackendRepr::Vector { .. }
-                    if abi != ExternAbi::RustIntrinsic && spec.simd_types_indirect =>
-                {
-                    arg.make_indirect();
-                    continue;
+                BackendRepr::Memory { .. } => {
+                    // Compute `Aggregate` ABI.
+
+                    let is_indirect_not_on_stack =
+                        matches!(arg.mode, PassMode::Indirect { on_stack: false, .. });
+                    assert!(is_indirect_not_on_stack);
+
+                    let size = arg.layout.size;
+                    if arg.layout.is_sized()
+                        && size <= Primitive::Pointer(AddressSpace::DATA).size(cx)
+                    {
+                        // We want to pass small aggregates as immediates, but using
+                        // an LLVM aggregate type for this leads to bad optimizations,
+                        // so we pick an appropriately sized integer type instead.
+                        arg.cast_to(Reg { kind: RegKind::Integer, size });
+                    }
                 }
 
-                _ => continue,
-            }
-            // Compute `Aggregate` ABI.
-
-            let is_indirect_not_on_stack =
-                matches!(arg.mode, PassMode::Indirect { on_stack: false, .. });
-            assert!(is_indirect_not_on_stack);
-
-            let size = arg.layout.size;
-            if !arg.layout.is_unsized() && size <= Primitive::Pointer(AddressSpace::DATA).size(cx) {
-                // We want to pass small aggregates as immediates, but using
-                // an LLVM aggregate type for this leads to bad optimizations,
-                // so we pick an appropriately sized integer type instead.
-                arg.cast_to(Reg { kind: RegKind::Integer, size });
+                BackendRepr::Vector { .. } => {
+                    // This is a fun case! The gist of what this is doing is
+                    // that we want callers and callees to always agree on the
+                    // ABI of how they pass SIMD arguments. If we were to *not*
+                    // make these arguments indirect then they'd be immediates
+                    // in LLVM, which means that they'd used whatever the
+                    // appropriate ABI is for the callee and the caller. That
+                    // means, for example, if the caller doesn't have AVX
+                    // enabled but the callee does, then passing an AVX argument
+                    // across this boundary would cause corrupt data to show up.
+                    //
+                    // This problem is fixed by unconditionally passing SIMD
+                    // arguments through memory between callers and callees
+                    // which should get them all to agree on ABI regardless of
+                    // target feature sets. Some more information about this
+                    // issue can be found in #44367.
+                    //
+                    // Note that the intrinsic ABI is exempt here as those are not
+                    // real functions anyway, and the backend expects very specific types.
+                    if abi != ExternAbi::RustIntrinsic
+                        && spec.simd_types_indirect
+                        && !can_pass_simd_directly(arg)
+                    {
+                        arg.make_indirect();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                _ => {}
             }
         }
     }

compiler/rustc_target/src/callconv/x86.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ use rustc_abi::{
 };
 
 use crate::callconv::{ArgAttribute, FnAbi, PassMode};
-use crate::spec::HasTargetSpec;
+use crate::spec::{HasTargetSpec, RustcAbi};
 
 #[derive(PartialEq)]
 pub(crate) enum Flavor {
@@ -236,8 +236,16 @@ where
             _ => false, // anyway not passed via registers on x86
         };
         if has_float {
-            if fn_abi.ret.layout.size <= Primitive::Pointer(AddressSpace::DATA).size(cx) {
-                // Same size or smaller than pointer, return in a register.
+            if cx.target_spec().rustc_abi == Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2)
+                && fn_abi.ret.layout.backend_repr.is_scalar()
+                && fn_abi.ret.layout.size.bits() <= 128
+            {
+                // This is a single scalar that fits into an SSE register, and the target uses the
+                // SSE ABI. We prefer this over integer registers as float scalars need to be in SSE
+                // registers for float operations, so that's the best place to pass them around.
+                fn_abi.ret.cast_to(Reg { kind: RegKind::Vector, size: fn_abi.ret.layout.size });
+            } else if fn_abi.ret.layout.size <= Primitive::Pointer(AddressSpace::DATA).size(cx) {
+                // Same size or smaller than pointer, return in an integer register.
                 fn_abi.ret.cast_to(Reg { kind: RegKind::Integer, size: fn_abi.ret.layout.size });
             } else {
                 // Larger than a pointer, return indirectly.

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/base/apple/mod.rs

@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@ use std::borrow::Cow;
 use std::env;
 
 use crate::spec::{
-    Cc, DebuginfoKind, FloatAbi, FramePointer, LinkerFlavor, Lld, SplitDebuginfo, StackProbeType,
-    StaticCow, TargetOptions, cvs,
+    Cc, DebuginfoKind, FloatAbi, FramePointer, LinkerFlavor, Lld, RustcAbi, SplitDebuginfo,
+    StackProbeType, StaticCow, TargetOptions, cvs,
 };
 
 #[cfg(test)]
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ pub(crate) fn base(
     arch: Arch,
     abi: TargetAbi,
 ) -> (TargetOptions, StaticCow<str>, StaticCow<str>) {
-    let opts = TargetOptions {
+    let mut opts = TargetOptions {
         abi: abi.target_abi().into(),
         llvm_floatabi: Some(FloatAbi::Hard),
         os: os.into(),
@@ -154,6 +154,10 @@ pub(crate) fn base(
 
         ..Default::default()
     };
+    if matches!(arch, Arch::I386 | Arch::I686) {
+        // All Apple x86-32 targets have SSE2.
+        opts.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
+    }
     (opts, unversioned_llvm_target(os, arch, abi), arch.target_arch())
 }
 

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/mod.rs

@@ -1116,6 +1116,8 @@ impl ToJson for FloatAbi {
 /// The Rustc-specific variant of the ABI used for this target.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Hash, Debug)]
 pub enum RustcAbi {
+    /// On x86-32 only: make use of SSE and SSE2 for ABI purposes.
+    X86Sse2,
     /// On x86-32/64 only: do not use any FPU or SIMD registers for the ABI.
     X86Softfloat,
 }
@@ -1125,6 +1127,7 @@ impl FromStr for RustcAbi {
 
     fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<RustcAbi, ()> {
         Ok(match s {
+            "x86-sse2" => RustcAbi::X86Sse2,
             "x86-softfloat" => RustcAbi::X86Softfloat,
             _ => return Err(()),
         })
@@ -1134,6 +1137,7 @@ impl FromStr for RustcAbi {
 impl ToJson for RustcAbi {
     fn to_json(&self) -> Json {
         match *self {
+            RustcAbi::X86Sse2 => "x86-sse2",
             RustcAbi::X86Softfloat => "x86-softfloat",
         }
         .to_json()
@@ -3270,6 +3274,11 @@ impl Target {
         // Check consistency of Rust ABI declaration.
         if let Some(rust_abi) = self.rustc_abi {
             match rust_abi {
+                RustcAbi::X86Sse2 => check_matches!(
+                    &*self.arch,
+                    "x86",
+                    "`x86-sse2` ABI is only valid for x86-32 targets"
+                ),
                 RustcAbi::X86Softfloat => check_matches!(
                     &*self.arch,
                     "x86" | "x86_64",

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i586_pc_nto_qnx700.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 use crate::spec::base::nto_qnx;
-use crate::spec::{StackProbeType, Target, TargetOptions, base};
+use crate::spec::{RustcAbi, StackProbeType, Target, TargetOptions, base};
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut meta = nto_qnx::meta();
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
             .into(),
         arch: "x86".into(),
         options: TargetOptions {
+            rustc_abi: Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2),
             cpu: "pentium4".into(),
             max_atomic_width: Some(64),
             pre_link_args: nto_qnx::pre_link_args(

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i586_unknown_linux_gnu.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::spec::Target;
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut base = super::i686_unknown_linux_gnu::target();
+    base.rustc_abi = None; // overwrite the SSE2 ABI set by the base target
     base.cpu = "pentium".into();
     base.llvm_target = "i586-unknown-linux-gnu".into();
     base

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i586_unknown_linux_musl.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use crate::spec::Target;
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut base = super::i686_unknown_linux_musl::target();
+    base.rustc_abi = None; // overwrite the SSE2 ABI set by the base target
     base.cpu = "pentium".into();
     base.llvm_target = "i586-unknown-linux-musl".into();
     // FIXME(compiler-team#422): musl targets should be dynamically linked by default.

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i686_linux_android.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use crate::spec::{SanitizerSet, StackProbeType, Target, TargetOptions, base};
+use crate::spec::{RustcAbi, SanitizerSet, StackProbeType, Target, TargetOptions, base};
 
 // See https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/abis.html#x86
 // for target ABI requirements.
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
 
     base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
 
+    base.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
     // https://developer.android.com/ndk/guides/abis.html#x86
     base.cpu = "pentiumpro".into();
     base.features = "+mmx,+sse,+sse2,+sse3,+ssse3".into();

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i686_pc_windows_gnu.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-use crate::spec::{Cc, FramePointer, LinkerFlavor, Lld, Target, base};
+use crate::spec::{Cc, FramePointer, LinkerFlavor, Lld, RustcAbi, Target, base};
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut base = base::windows_gnu::opts();
+    base.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
     base.cpu = "pentium4".into();
     base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
     base.frame_pointer = FramePointer::Always; // Required for backtraces

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i686_pc_windows_gnullvm.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-use crate::spec::{Cc, FramePointer, LinkerFlavor, Lld, Target, base};
+use crate::spec::{Cc, FramePointer, LinkerFlavor, Lld, RustcAbi, Target, base};
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut base = base::windows_gnullvm::opts();
+    base.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
     base.cpu = "pentium4".into();
     base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
     base.frame_pointer = FramePointer::Always; // Required for backtraces

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i686_pc_windows_msvc.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-use crate::spec::{LinkerFlavor, Lld, SanitizerSet, Target, base};
+use crate::spec::{LinkerFlavor, Lld, RustcAbi, SanitizerSet, Target, base};
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut base = base::windows_msvc::opts();
+    base.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
     base.cpu = "pentium4".into();
     base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
     base.supported_sanitizers = SanitizerSet::ADDRESS;

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i686_unknown_freebsd.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, StackProbeType, Target, base};
+use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, RustcAbi, StackProbeType, Target, base};
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut base = base::freebsd::opts();
+    base.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
     base.cpu = "pentium4".into();
     base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
     base.add_pre_link_args(LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::Yes, Lld::No), &["-m32", "-Wl,-znotext"]);

compiler/rustc_target/src/spec/targets/i686_unknown_haiku.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, StackProbeType, Target, base};
+use crate::spec::{Cc, LinkerFlavor, Lld, RustcAbi, StackProbeType, Target, base};
 
 pub(crate) fn target() -> Target {
     let mut base = base::haiku::opts();
+    base.rustc_abi = Some(RustcAbi::X86Sse2);
     base.cpu = "pentium4".into();
     base.max_atomic_width = Some(64);
     base.add_pre_link_args(LinkerFlavor::Gnu(Cc::Yes, Lld::No), &["-m32"]);