Feature designations (not designators) can only be defined in the core TTML specifications, i.e., TTML1, TTML2, etc. Extension modules published by the TTWG should use extension designations, about which see [TTML2] Appendix F.1 [1].
[1] https://www.w3.org/TR/2018/REC-ttml2-20181108/#extension-designations
Marking this substantive since the designation namespace needs to shift from the TT Feature Namespace (http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/feature/) to the TT Extension Namespace (http://www.w3.org/ns/ttml/extension/). N.B. at present the language defining #karaoke is not sufficiently precise to determine which namespace applies.