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Awesome Online Test-Time Adaptation Awesome

A curated list of awesome online test-time adaptation resources. Your contributions are always welcome!

Contents

Online Instance-level

Classification

  • T3A [Iwasawa and Matsuo, Proc. NeurIPS 2021] Test-time classifier adjustment module for model-agnostic domain generalization [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • PAD [Wu et al., Proc. NeurIPS Workshops 2021] Domain-agnostic test-time adaptation by prototypical training with auxiliary data [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • NOTE [Gong et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2022] NOTE: Robust continual test-time adaptation against temporal correlation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • CoTTA [Wang et al., Proc. CVPR 2022] Continual test-time domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • SAR [Niu et al., Proc. ICLR 2023] Towards stable test-time adaptation in dynamic wild world [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • FEDTHE+ [Jiang and Lin, Proc. ICLR 2023] Test-time robust personalization for federated learning [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • AdaNPC [Zhang et al., Proc. ICML 2023] AdaNPC: Exploring non-parametric classifier for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ITTA [Chen et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Improved test-time adaptation for domain generalization [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • TUR [Chen et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] Activate and reject: Towards safe domain generalization under category shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • VDP [Gan et al., Proc. AAAI 2023] Decorate the newcomers: Visual domain prompt for continual test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • FTTA [Huang et al., Proc. MICCAI 2023] Fourier test-time adaptation with multi-level consistency for robust classification [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MTA [Wang et al., Proc. AI 2023] Multiple teacher model for continual test-time domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TSOTTA [Mao et al., IEEE Sensors Journal 2023] Online test-time adaptation for patient-independent seizure prediction [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Wu et al., arXiv 2023] Learning to adapt to online streams with distribution shifts [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MTTT [Sun et al., arXiv 2023] Learning to (learn at test time) [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • BESTTA [Cho et al., arXiv 2023] Beyond entropy: Style transfer guided single image continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Marsden et al., Proc. WACV 2024] Universal test-time adaptation through weight ensembling, diversity weighting, and prior correction [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • HKA [Liu et al., Proc. ICLR 2024] ViDA: Homeostatic visual domain adapter for continual test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Tomar et al., Proc. ICLR 2024] Un-mixing test-time normalization statistics: Combatting label temporal correlation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DeYO [Lee et al., Proc. ICLR 2024] Entropy is not enough for test-time adaptation: From the perspective of disentangled factors [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • FOA [Niu et al., Proc. ICML 2024] Test-time model adaptation with only forward passes [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Alfarra et al., Proc. ICML 2024] Evaluation of test-time adaptation under computational time constraints [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • TDA [Karmanov et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Efficient test-time adaptation of vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • DART [Liu et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] DART: Dual-modal adaptive online prompting and knowledge retention for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ADAPROMPT [Zhang et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] Robust test-time adaptation for zero-shot prompt tuning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DCT [Tang et al., Proc. ACM MM 2024] Domain-conditioned transformer for fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • GALA [Sahoo et al., Proc. NeurIPS Workshops 2024] A layer selection tpproach to test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • LEAST [Sahoo et al., arXiv 2024] Layerwise early stopping for test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ARC [Chen et al., arXiv 2024] Adaptive rentention & correction for continual learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Tang et al., arXiv 2024] Learning visual conditioning tokens to correct domain shift for fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TAEA [Feng et al., arXiv 2024] Test-time alignment-Enhanced adapter for vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

Segmentation

  • OnAVOS [Voigtlaender and Leibe., Proc. BMVC 2017] Online adaptation of convolutional neural networks for video object segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • JITNet [Mullapudi et al., Proc. ICCV 2019] Online model distillation for efficient video inference [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • TN-SIB [Zhang et al., Pattern Recognition 2022] Generalizable model-agnostic semantic segmentation via target-specific normalization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • OASIS [Volpi et al., Proc. CVPR 2022] On the road to online adaptation for semantic image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • AuxAdapt [Zhang et al., Proc. WACV2022] AuxAdapt: Stable and efficient test-time adaptation for temporally consistent video semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • FTEA [Zhang et al., arXiv 2022] Unseen object instance segmentation with fully test-time RGB-D embeddings adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CoMAC [Cao et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] Multi-modal continual test-time adaptation for 3D semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • Momentum Adapt [Hassankhani et al., Proc. BMVC 2023] Momentum adapt: Robust unsupervised adaptation for improving temporal consistency in video semantic segmentation during test-time [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • TransAdapt [Das et al., Proc. ICASSP 2023] TransAdapt: A transformative framework for online test time adaptive semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • SATTA [Zhang et al., Proc. MICCAI 2023] SATTA: Semantic-aware test-time adaptation for cross-domain medical image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • PITTA [Li et al., Proc. ML4H 2023] Gradient-map-guided adaptive domain generalization for cross modality MRI segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TestFit [Zhang et al., Medical Image Analysis 2023] TestFit: A plug-and-play one-pass test time method for medical image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • SVDP [Yang et al., arXiv 2023] Exploring sparse visual prompt for cross-domain semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Wang et al., arXiv 2023] Test-time training on video streams [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DAT [Ni et al., arXiv 2023] Distribution-aware continual test time adaptation for semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Yi et al., arXiv 2023] A critical look at classic test-time adaptation methods in semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Sojka et al., arXiv 2023] Technical report for ICCV 2023 visual continual learning challenge: Continuous test-time adaptation for semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Yuan et al., arXiv 2023] Few clicks suffice: Active test-time adaptation for semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • BECoTTA [Lee et al., Proc. ICML 2024] BECoTTA: Input-dependent online blending of experts for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • VPTTA [Chen et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Each test image deserves a specific prompt: Continual test-time adaptation for 2D medical Image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • HGL [Zou et al., Proc. ECCV 2024] HGL: Hierarchical geometry learning for test-time adaptation in 3D point cloud segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • ... [Chen et al., Proc. ACM MM 2024] From question to exploration: Can classic test-time adaptation strategies be effectively applied in semantic segmentation? [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Atanyan et al., Proc. WACV 2024] Continuous adaptation for interactive segmentation using teacher-student architecture [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DoSe [Reddy et al., Proc. WACV 2024] Towards domain-aware knowledge distillation for continual model generalization [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ... [Li et al., Intelligence, Informatics and Infrastructure 2024] Generalizing deep learning-based distress segmentation models for subway tunnel images by test-time training [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • RODASS [Liu et al., arXiv 2024] Towards robust online domain adaptive semantic segmentation under adverse weather conditions [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • GraTa [Chen et al., Proc. AAAI 2025] Gradient alignment improves test-time adaptation for medical image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

Object Detection

  • ... [Lin et al., arXiv 2023] VCL challenges 2023 at ICCV 2023 technical report: Bi-level adaptation method for test-time adaptive object detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Li et al., arXiv 2023] Domain generalization of 3D object detection by density-resampling [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CETR [An et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] Context enhanced transformer for single image object detection in video data [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • PS-TTL [Gao et al., Proc. ACM MM 2024] PS-TTL: Prototype-based soft-labels and test-time learning for few-shot object detection [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • ... [Etchegaray et al., Proc. IJCNN 2024] Edge Deployable online domain adaptation for underwater object detection [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • MLFA [Liu et al., IEEE TIP 2024] MLFA: Towards realistic test time adaptive object detection by multi-level feature alignment [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • WSTTA [Doan et al., arXiv 2024] Weakly supervised test-time domain adaptation for object detection [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • CTAOD [Cao et al., arXiv 2024] Exploring test-time adaptation for object detection in continually changing environments [PDF] [G-Scholar]

CLIP-based

  • BoostAdapter [Zhang et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] BoostAdapter: Improving vision-language test-time adaptation via regional bootstrapping [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE--]

  • DPE [Zhang et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] Dual prototype evolving for test-time generalization of vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • DMN-ZS [Zhang et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Dual memory networks: A versatile adaptation approach for vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • OnZeta [Qian and Hu, Proc. ECCV 2024] Online zero-shot classification with CLIP [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • Dota [Han et al., arXiv 2024] DOTA: Distributional test-time adaptation of vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • scFusionTTT [Meng et al., arXiv 2024] scFusionTTT: Single-cell transcriptomics and proteomics fusion with test-time training layers [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

Action recognition

  • ViTTA [Lin et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Video test-time adaptation for action recognition [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • AME [Zeng et al., Proc. ACMMM 2023] Exploring motion cues for video test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Misc

  • BOA [Guan et al., Proc. CVPR 2021] Bilevel online adaptation for out-of-domain human mesh reconstruction [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Kundu et al., Proc. CVPR 2022] Uncertainty-aware adaptation for self-supervised 3D human pose estimation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Ayyoubzadeh et al., IEEE TIP 2023] Test-time adaptation for optical flow estimation using motion vectors [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ATTA [Gao et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2023] ATTA: Anomaly-aware test-time adaptation for out-of-distribution detection in segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • H/P-TTP [Cui et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] Test-time personalizable forecasting of 3D human poses [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • OnDA-DETR [Suzuki et al., Proc. ICIP 2023] OnDA-DETR: Online domain adaptation for detection transformers with self-training framework [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ... [Huang et al., Proc. BIBM 2023] Huang A parameter adaptive tuning algorithm for medical image recognition model testing [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • AUTO [Yang et al., arXiv 2023] AUTO: Adaptive outlier optimization for online test-time OOD detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Lumentut and Lee, arXiv 2023] 3DHR-Co: A collaborative test-time refinement framework for in-the-wild 3D human-body reconstruction task [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • AdaODD [Zhang et al., arXiv 2023] Model-free test time adaptation for out-of-distribution detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • FSTTA [Gao et al., Proc. ICML 2024] Fast-slow test-time adaptation for online vision-and-language navigation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • AdaptOD [Miao et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] Long-tailed out-of-distribution detection via normalized outlier distribution adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • RTL [Fan et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Test-time linear out-of-distribution detection [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • 2LTTA [Lei and Pernkopf, Proc. ICML Workshops 2024] Two-level test-time adaptation in multimodal learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Song et al., Proc. ICPR 2024] Source-free test-time adaptation for online surface-defect detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Borkar et al., Proc. ICVGIP 2024] No prompting frozen foundation models: Interactive medical volume segmentation using continual test time adaptation of compact models [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • STA-AD [Ambekar et al., Proc. MICCAI Workshops 2024] Selective test-time adaptation for unsupervised anomaly detection using neural implicit representations [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ADCSD [Guo et al., arXiv 2024] Online test-time adaptation of spatial-temporal traffic flow forecasting [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • MiDl [Ramazanova et al., arXiv 2024] Combating missing modalities in egocentric videos at test time [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ROSITA [Sreenivas and Biswas, arXiv 2024] Effectiveness of vision language models for open-world single image test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

Online Batch-level

Image Classification

  • ONDA [Mancini et al., Proc. IROS 2018] Kitting in the wild through online domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • Tent [Sun et al., Proc. ICLR 2021] Tent: Fully test-time adaptation by entropy minimization [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • BACS [Zhou and Levine, Proc. NeurIPS 2021] Bayesian adaptation for covariate shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TTA-PR [Sivaprasad and Fleuret, Proc. NeurIPS Workshops 2021] Test time adaptation through perturbation robustness [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • Core (alpha-BN) [You et al., arXiv 2021] Test-time batch statistics calibration for covariate shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • SLR+IT [Mummadi et al., arXiv 2021] Test-time adaptation to distribution shift by confidence maximization and input transformation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MixNorm [Hu et al., arXiv 2021] MixNorm: Test-time adaptation through online normalization estimation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

2022

  • EATA [Niu et al., Proc. ICML 2022] Efficient test-time model adaptation without forgetting [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • VMP [Jing et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2022] Variational model perturbation for source-free domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • TTAC [Su et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2022] Revisiting realistic test-time training: Sequential inference and adaptation by anchored clustering [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • Conjugate PL [Goyal et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2022] Test-time adaptation via conjugate pseudo-labels [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • DUA [Mirza et al., Proc. CVPR 2022] The norm must go on: Dynamic unsupervised domain adaptation by normalization [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • LAME [Boudiaf et al., Proc. CVPR 2022] Parameter-free online test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • SWR-NSP [Choi et al., Proc. ECCV 2022] Improving test-time adaptation via shift-agnostic weight regularization and nearest source prototypes [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CFA [Kojima et al., Proc. IJCAI 2022] Robustifying vision transformer without retraining from scratch by test-time class-conditional feature alignment [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • MuSLA [Kingetsu et al., Proc. ICIP 2022] Multi-step test-time adaptation with entropy minimization and pseudo-labeling [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Bhardwaj et al., Proc. ISPASS 2022] Benchmarking test-time unsupervised deep neural network adaptation on edge devices [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Bhardwaj et al., Proc. DATE 2022] Unsupervised test-time adaptation of deep neural networks at the edge: a case study [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DLTTA [Yang et al., IEEE TMI 2022] DLTTA: Dynamic learning rate for test-time adaptation on cross-domain medical images [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Kerssies et al., arXiv 2022] Evaluating continual test-time adaptation for contextual and semantic domain shifts [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CAFA [Jung et al., arXiv 2022] CAFA: Class-aware feature alignment for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • AdaODM [Zhang and Chen, arXiv 2022] Adaptive domain generalization via online disagreement minimization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

2023

  • TAST [Jang and Chung, Proc. ICLR 2023] Test-time adaptation via self-training with nearest neighbor information [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Wang and Wibisono, Proc. ICLR 2023] Towards understanding GD with hard and conjugate pseudo-labels for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MECTA [Hong et al., Proc. ICLR 2023] MECTA: Memory-economic continual test-time model adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DELTA [Zhao et al., Proc. ICLR 2023] DELTA: Degradation-free fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Kang et al., Proc. ICML 2023] Leveraging proxy of training data for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Zhao et al., Proc. ICML 2023] On pitfalls of test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

    ~~ [Zhao et al., Proc. ICLR Workshops 2023] On pitfalls of test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]~~

  • ODS [Zhou et al., Proc. ICML 2023] ODS: Test-time adaptation in the presence of open-world data shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CCC [Press et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2023] RDumb: A simple approach that questions our progress in continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • SoTTA [Gong et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2023] SoTTA: Robust test-time adaptation on noisy data streams [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • FedICON [Tan et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2023] Is heterogeneity notorious? Taming heterogeneity to handle test-time shift in federated learning [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ActMAD [Mirza et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] ActMAD: Activation matching to align distributions for test-time-training [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • RMT [Döbler et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Robust mean teacher for continual and gradual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • PETAL [Brahma and Rai, Proc. CVPR 2023] A probabilistic framework for lifelong test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • NHL [Tang et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Neuro-modulated hebbian learning for fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • EcoTTA [Song et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] EcoTTA: Memory-efficient continual test-time adaptation via self-distilled regularization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TIPI [Nguyen et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] TIPI: Test time adaptation with transformation invariance [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • RoTTA [Yuan et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Robust test-time adaptation in dynamic scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • TeSLA [Tomar et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] TeSLA: Test-time self-learning with automatic adversarial augmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MSLC-TSD [Wang et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Feature alignment and uniformity for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • OWTTT [Li et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] On the robustness of open-world test-time training: Self-training with dynamic prototype expansion [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • OCR [Li et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] Order-preserving consistency regularization for domain adaptation and generalization [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • ... [Yang et al., Proc. IJCAI 2023] Exploring safety supervision for continual test-time domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Yu et al., Proc. ACMMM 2023] Noise-robust continual test-time domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Narayanan et al., Proc. ICLR Workshops 2023] A simple test-time adaptation method for source-free domain generalization [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • DSS [Chakrabarty et al., Proc. ICLR Workshops 2023] Domain shift signal for low resource continuous test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • JumpStyle [Singh et al., Proc. ICLR Workshops 2023] JumpStyle: A framework for data-efficient online adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • D-TAPE [Raman et al., Proc. NeurIPS Workshops 2023] Turn down the noise: Leveraging diffusion models for test-time adaptation via pseudo-label ensembling [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Chakrabarty et al., Proc. ICCV Workshops 2023] A simple signal for domain shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CAFe [Adachi et al., Proc. ICIP 2023] Covariance-aware feature alignment with pre-computed source statistics for test-time adaptation to multiple image corruptions [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Rifat et al., Proc. MILCOM 2023] Zero-shot dynamic neural network adaptation in tactical wireless systems [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • AWMC [Lee et al., Proc. ASRU 2023] AWMC: Online test-time adaptation without mode collapse for continual adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]


  • T-TIME [Li et al., IEEE TMBE 2023] T-TIME: Test-time information maximization ensemble for plug-and-play BCIs [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • OTA [Zhou et al., Journal of Software 2023] Towards robust test-time adaptation for open-set recognition [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CSTTA [Yang et al., Knowledge-Based Systems 2023] Confidence-based and sample-reweighted test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • GpreBN [Yang et al., arXiv 2023] Gradient preserving batch normalization for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

    - [Yang et al., arXiv 2022] Test-time batch normalization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ECL [Han et al., arXiv 2023] Rethinking precision of pseudo label: Test-time adaptation via complementary learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TTAC++ [Su et al., arXiv 2023] Revisiting realistic test-time training: Sequential inference and adaptation by anchored clustering regularized self-training [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Alfarra et al., arXiv 2023] Revisiting test time adaptation under online evaluation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • SATA [Chakrabarty et al., arXiv 2023] SATA: Source anchoring and target alignment network for continual test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [ Jahan and Savakis, arXiv 2023] Continual domain adaptation on aerial images under gradually degrading weather [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ... [Du et al., arXiv 2023] Domain adaptation for satellite-borne hyperspectral cloud detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • AR-TTA [Sójka et al., arXiv 2023] AR-TTA: A simple method for real-world continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • GRoTTA [Li et al., arXiv 2023] Generalized robust test-time adaptation in continuous dynamic scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Kim et al., arXiv 2023] Reliable test-time adaptation via agreement-on-the-line [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • UniDG [Zhang et al., arXiv 2023] Towards unified and effective domain generalization [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • TTC [Lin et al., arXiv 2023] Improving entropy-based test-time adaptation from a clustering view [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • PeTTA [Hoang et al., arXiv 2023] Persistent test-time adaptation in episodic testing scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Csaba et al., arXiv 2023] Label delay in continual learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ADMA [Liu et al., arXiv 2023] Adaptive distribution masked autoencoders for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • VPL [Ambekar et al., Misc 2023] Variational pseudo labels for meta test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • BaFTA [Hu et al., Misc 2023] BaFTA: Backprop-free test-time adaptation for zero-shot vision language models [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

2024

  • SimATTA [Gui et al., Proc. ICLR 2024] Active test-time adaptation: Theoretical analyses and an algorithm [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • CEMA [Chen et al., Proc. ICLR 2024] Towards robust and efficient cloud-edge elastic model adaptation via selective entropy distillation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • PROGRAM [Sun et al., Proc. ICLR 2024] PROGRAM: Prototype graph model based pseudo-label learning for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CMF [Lee and Chang, Proc. ICLR 2024] Continual momentum filtering on parameter space for online test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • SLWI [Lee and Chang, Proc. ICML 2024] Stationary latent weight inference for unreliable observations from online test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DUSA [Li et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] Exploring structured semantic priors underlying diffusion score for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE--]

  • MGTTA [Zhang et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] Test-time adaptation in non-stationary environments via adaptive representation alignment [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • BFTT3D [Wang et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Backpropagation-free network for 3D test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • UniEnt [Gao et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Unified entropy optimization for open-set test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • DPLOT [Yu et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Domain-specific block selection and paired-view pseudo-labeling for online test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ADMA [Liu et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Continual-MAE: Adaptive distribution masked autoencoders for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Yang et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] A versatile framework for continual test-time domain adaptation: Balancing discriminability and generalizability [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • IST4TTA [Ma, Proc. CVPR 2024] Improved self-training for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • OBAO [Zhu et al., Proc. ECCV 2024] Reshaping the online data buffering and organizing mechanism for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • DA-TTA [Wang et al., Proc. ECCV 2024] Distribution alignment for fully test-time adaptation with dynamic online data streams [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • STAMP [Yu et al., Proc. ECCV 2024] STAMP: Outlier-aware test-time adaptation with stable memory replay [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • DPAL [Tang et al., Proc. ECCV 2024] Dual-path adversarial lifting for domain shift correction in online test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • PSDG [Yang et al., Proc. KDD 2024] Practical single domain generalization via training-time and test-time learning [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • CETA [Yang et al., Proc. KDD 2024] Towards test time adaptation via calibrated entropy minimization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TSA [Zhang et al., Proc. KDD 2024] Enabling collaborative test-time adaptation in dynamic environment via federated learning [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • TRIBE [Su et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] Towards real-world test-time adaptation: Tri-Net self-training with balanced normalization [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Su et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] Singular value penalization and semantic data augmentation for fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TEMA [Su et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] Unraveling batch normalization for realistic test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Yang et al., Proc. IJCAI 2024] Navigating continual test-time adaptation with symbiosis knowledge [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ATTA [Jia et al, Proc. IJCAI 2024] ATTA: Adaptive test-time adaptation for multi-modal sleep stage classification [PDF [G-Scholar--]

  • CNA-TTA [Cho et al., Proc. ACCV 2024] CNG-SFDA: Clean-and-noisy region guided online-offline source-free domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • DSS [Wang et al., Proc. WACV 2024] Continual test-time domain adaptation via dynamic sample selection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Mounsaveng et al., Proc. WACV 2024] Bag of tricks for fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • pSTarC [Sreenivas et al., Proc. WACV 2024] pSTarC: Pseudo source guided target clustering for fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • REALM [Seto et al., Proc. WACV 2024] REALM: Robust entropy adaptive loss minimization for improved single-sample test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Niloy et al., Proc. WACV 2024] Effective restoration of source knowledge in continual test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • LayerwiseTTA [Park et al., Proc. WACV 2024] Layer-wise auto-weighting for non-stationary test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Choi et al., Proc. ICML Workshops 2024] Adaptive concept bottleneck for foundation models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • M-TENT [Chatterjee et al., Proc. NeurIPS Workshops 2024] Analysing softmax entropy minimization for adaptating multitask models at test-time [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • PeTTA [Hoang et al., Proc. CVPR Workshops 2024] Persistent test-time adaptation in recurring testing scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • MCTTA [Yamashita and Hotta, Proc. CVPR Workshops 2024] MixStyle-based contrastive test-time adaptation: Pathway to domain generalization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • FACTTA [Wu and Zhang, Proc. ACMMM Workshops 2024] Fast and accurate continual test time domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DAB [Döbler et al., Proc. ICASSP 2024] Diversity-aware buffer for coping with temporally correlated data streams in online test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TESLA [Cha et al., Proc. MOBISYS 2024] Poster: Time-efficient sparse and lightweight adaptation for real-time mobile application [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TECA [Enomoto et al., Proc. IJCNN 2024] Test-time adaptation meets image enhancement: Improving accuracy via uncertainty-aware logit switching [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ORRIC [Cai et al., Proc. IEEE INFOCOM 2024] Online resource allocation for edge intelligence with colocated model retraining and inference [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TNN [Ambekar et al., Proc. MICCAI Workshops 2024] Non-parametric neighborhood test-time generalization: Application to medical image classification [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • ... [Wang et al., Proc. IEEE CASE 2024] In-Situ 3D printing monitoring in dynamic environments via self-supervised deep neural network adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • RDPT [Xiong and Yang, Proc. IEEE CSCWD 2024] Test-time adaptation with robust dual-stream perturbation for stable agent deployment in dynamic scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • FATA [Jiang et al., Proc. BigDIA 2024] FATA: Focal-adjusted test-time adaptation under data imbalance [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • TPM [Gu et al., IJCV 2024] Adversarial reweighting with α-power maximization for domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ElasticDNN [Zhang et al., IEEE TC 2024] ElasticDNN: On-device neural network remodeling for adapting evolving vision domains at edge [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • FTTA [Wang et al., IEEE TFUZZ 2024] Fuzzy rule-based test-time adaptation for class imbalance in dynamic scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ... [Wu et al., IEEE TII 2024] Online adaptive fault diagnosis with test-time domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • L^CE-LoSwRot [Jhong et al., IEEE TCE 2024] An edge-cloud collaborative scalp inspection system based on robust representation learning [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • NLS [Yang et al., Neurocomputing 2024] Towards test time domain adaptation via negative label smoothing [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CPA [Lee et al., Pattern Recognition Letters 2024] Prototypical class-wise test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CIM [Fan et al., Journal on Autonomous Transportation Systems 2024] Benchmarking test-time DNN adaptation at edge with compute-in-memory [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Wen et al., Journal of Electronic Imaging 2024] Test-time adaptation via self-training with future information [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • RGAR [Xiong and Xiang, The Visual Computer 2024] Robust gradient aware and reliable entropy minimization for stable test-time adaptation in dynamic scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • SAFTTA [Li and Yang, IEEE Access 2024] Smooth guided adversarial fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • CycleTTA [Jiang et al., Mathematics 2024] Advancing model generalization in continuous cyclic test-time adaptation with matrix perturbation noise [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MeTA [Ahmed et al., arXiv 2024] MeTA: Multi-source test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • PLUTO [Chang et al., arXiv 2024] Plug-and-play transformer modules for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DPL [Wang et al., arXiv 2024] Decoupled prototype learning for reliable test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ResiTTA [Zhou et al., arXiv 2024] Resilient practical test-time adaptation: Soft batch normalization alignment and entropy-driven memory bank [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • GAP [Shin et al., arXiv 2024] Gradient alignment with prototype feature for fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • VCoTTA [Lyu et al., arXiv 2024] Variational continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Chung et al., arXiv 2024] Mitigating the bias in the model for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • EATA-C [Tan et al., arXiv 2024] Uncertainty-calibrated test-time model adaptation without forgetting [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • CODA [Qiu et al., arXiv 2024] CODA: A cost-efficient test-time domain adaptation mechanism for HAR [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • HILTTA [Li et al., arXiv 2024] Exploring human-in-the-loop test-time adaptation by synergizing active learning and model selection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MoASE [Zhang et al., arXiv 2024] Decomposing the neurons: Activation sparsity via mixture of experts for continual test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • C-CoTTA [Shi et al., arXiv 2024] Controllable continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • PLF [Tan et al., arXiv 2024] Less is more: Pseudo-label filtering for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • DYN [Jiang et al., arXiv 2024] Discover your neighbors: Advanced stable test-time adaptation in dynamic world [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DPCore [Zhang et al., arXiv 2024] Dynamic domains, dynamic solutions: DPCore for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE--]

  • ... [Nguyen et al., arXiv 2024] Adaptive cascading network for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TPD [Zeng et al., arXiv 2024] Graph-guided test-time adaptation for glaucoma diagnosis using fundus photography [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Cygert et al., arXiv 2024] Realistic evaluation of test-time adaptation algorithms: Unsupervised hyperparameter selection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DATTA [Ye et al., arXiv 2024] DATTA: Towards diversity adaptive test-time adaptation in dynamic wild world [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • PSMT [Tian and Lyu, arXiv 2024] Parameter-selective continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • UniTTA [Du et al., arXiv 2024] UniTTA: Unified benchmark and versatile framework towards realistic test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • STAD [Schirmer et al., arXiv 2024] Test-time adaptation with state-space models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • POEM [Bar et al., arXiv 2024] Protected test-time adaptation via online entropy matching: A betting approach [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • FS-TTA [Luo et al., arXiv 2024] Enhancing test time adaptation with few-shot guidance [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Duan et al., arXiv 2024] Brain-inspired online adaptation for remote sensing with spiking neural network [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • OWDCL [Su et al., arXiv 2024] Open-world test-time training: Self-training with contrast learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DDSD [Park et al., arXiv 2024] Hybrid-TTA: Continual test-time adaptation via dynamic domain shift detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ETAGE [Shamsi et al., arXiv 2024] ETAGE: Enhanced test time adaptation with integrated entropy and gradient norms for robust model performance [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • DARDA [Rifat et al., arXiv 2024] DARDA: Domain-aware real-time dynamic neural network adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • Meta-TTT [Tao et al., arXiv 2024] Meta-TTT: A meta-learning minimax framework for test-time training [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • COME [Zhang et al., arXiv 2024] COME: Test-time adaption by conservatively minimizing entropy [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • FATA [Cho et al., arXiv 2024] Feature augmentation based test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TCR [Sun et al., arXiv 2024] Test-time adaptation for cross-modal retrieval with query shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MDAA [Zhang et al., arXiv 2024] Analytic continual test-time adaptation for multi-modality corruption [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TTVD [Lei et al., arXiv 2024] TTVD: Towards a geometric framework for test-time adaptation based on voronoi diagram [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DART [Jang and Chung, arXiv 2024] Label distribution shift-aware prediction refinement for test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ASR [Wang et al., arXiv 2024] Maintain plasticity in long-timescale continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Cygert et al., Misc 2024] Realistic evaluation of test-time adaptation: Surrogate-based model selection strategies [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ... [Gwon et al., Misc 2024] Refining pseudo labels for robust test time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • TTAC [Su et al., Misc 2024] Towards inference stage robust 3D point cloud recognition [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

2025

  • PALM [Maharana et al., Proc. AAAI 2025] PALM: Pushing adaptive learning rate mechanisms for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MGTTA [Deng et al., Proc. AAAI 2025] Learning to generate gradients for test-time adaptation via test-time training layers [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE--]

  • ... [Si et al., Proc. ICASSP 2025] Generalize your face forgery detectors: An insertable adaptation module is all you need [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Attacks & Defenses

  • TePA [Cong et al., Proc. S&P 2024] Test-time poisoning attacks against test-time adaptation models [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • RTTDP [Su et al., arXiv 2024] On the adversarial risk of test time adaptation: An investigation into realistic test-time data poisoning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

CLIP-based

  • SwapPrompt [Ma et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2023] SwapPrompt: Test-time prompt adaptation for vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • HisTPT [Zhang et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] Historical test-time prompt tuning for vision foundation models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • VTE [Döbler et al., Proc. CVPR Workshops 2024] A lost opportunity for vision-language models: A comparative study of online test-time adaptation for vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • PCoTTA [Wang et al., Proc. IJCNN 2024] Prompt-Based memory bank for continual test-time domain adaptation in vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • PCPT [Wang et al., Pattern Recognition 2024] CTPT: Continual test-time prompt tuning for vision-language models [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • CLIPArTT [Hakim et al., arXiv 2024] CLIPArTT: Light-weight adaptation of CLIP to new domains at test time [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • BAT-CLIP [Maharana et al., arXiv 2024] Enhancing robustness of CLIP to common corruptions through bimodal test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Segmentation

  • RNCR [Hu et al., Proc. MICCAI 2021] Fully test-time adaptation for image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Kuznietsov et al., Proc. WACV Workshops 2022] Towards unsupervised online domain adaptation for semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MM-TTA [Shin et al., Proc. CVPR 2022] MM-TTA: Multi-modal test-time adaptation for 3D semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • CD-TTA [Song et al., arXiv 2022] CD-TTA: Compound domain test-time adaptation for semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Lee et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] Towards open-set test-time adaptation utilizing the wisdom of crowds in entropy minimization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • OAST [Su et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] Unsupervised video object segmentation with online adversarial self-tuning [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • 3A-TTA [Huang et al., Proc. BMVC 2023] Test-time adaptation for robust face anti-spoofing [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ... [Zhu et al., Proc. MICCAI 2023] Uncertainty and shape-aware continual test-time adaptation for cross-domain segmentation of medical images [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • ... [Zhao et al., Proc. ICIG 2023] Revisiting TENT for test-time adaption semantic segmentation and classification head adjustment [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • Night-TTA [Liu et al., IEEE TAI 2023] Test-time adaptation for nighttime color-thermal semantic segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Song et al., IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 2023] Test-time adaptation in the dynamic world with compound domain knowledge management [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MCDA [Ye et al., arXiv 2023] Multi task consistency guided source-free test-time domain adaptation medical image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • OCL [Zhang et al., arXiv 2023] Test-time training for semantic segmentation with output contrastive loss [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • SVDP [Yang et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] Exploring sparse visual prompt for domain adaptive dense prediction [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MSC-TTA [Gérin et al., Proc. CVPR Workshops 2024] Multi-stream cellular test-time adaptation of real-time models evolving in dynamic environments [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • MUTE [Du et al., ICLR Workshops 2024] Multi-source fully test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • STTA [Li et al., Proc. MICCAI 2024] Cache-driven spatial test-time adaptation for cross-modality medical image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • DyNo [Fu et al., Proc. MICCAI Workshops 2024] DyNo: Dynamic normalization based test-time adaptation for 2D medical image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • ... [Niloy et al., Proc. ICASSP 2024] Source-free online domain adaptive semantic segmentation of satellite images under image degradation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • USP [Wang et al., Remote Sensing 2024] Exploring uncertainty-based self-prompt for test-time adaptation semantic segmentation in remote sensing images [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • COMET [Schlachter and Yang, arXiv 2024] COMET: Contrastive mean teacher for online source-free universal domain adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • BECoTTA [Lee et al., arXiv 2024] BECoTTA: Input-dependent online blending of experts for continual test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • RetiGen [Chen et al., arXiv 2024] Active learning guided federated online adaptation: Applications in medical image segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • CoMM [Chuah et al, arXiv 2024] Enhanced online test-time adaptation with feature-weight cosine alignment [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Wang et al., arXiv 2024] Test-time adaptation for geospatial point cloud semantic segmentation with distinct domain shifts [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Object Detection

  • STFAR [Chen et al., arXiv 2023] STFAR: Improving object detection robustness at test-time by self-training with feature alignment regularization [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Yoo et al., arXiv 2023] What, how, and when should object detectors update in continually changing test domains? [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Jeon et al., arXiv 2023] TTA-DAME: Test-time adaptation with domain augmentation and model ensemble for dynamic driving conditions [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • MoPL [Gong et al., Misc 2023] Test-time adaptation in 3D object detection using momentum-based pseudo-labeling [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • MonoTTA [Lin et al., Proc. ECCV 2024] Fully test-time adaptation for monocular 3D object detection [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Ruan and Tang, Proc. CVPR Workshops 2024] Fully test-time adaptation for object detection [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • DPO [Chen et al., Proc. ACMMM 2024] Fast online fault diagnosis for PMSM based on adaptation model [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE--]

  • MOS [Chen et al., arXiv 2024] MOS: Model synergy for test-time adaptation on LiDAR-based 3D object detection [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

NLP

  • OIL [Ye et al., Proc. EMNLP Findings 2022] Robust question answering against distribution shifts with test-time adaptation: An empirical study [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • CaMeLS [Hu et al., Proc. EMNLP 2023] Meta-learning online adaptation of language models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • Anti-CF [Su et al., Proc. EMNLP 2023] Beware of model collapse! Fast and stable test-time adaptation for robust question answering [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • MEMO-CL [Singh and Ortega, Proc. AAAI Workshops 2023] Addressing distribution shift at test time in pre-trained language models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • PCL [Su et al., arXiv 2023] Test-time adaptation with perturbation consistency learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TTem [Wu et al., IEEE SPL 2024] A test-time entropy minimization method for cross-domain linguistic steganalysis [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • STAF [Xiong et al., Proc. LREC-COLING 2024] STAF: Pushing the boundaries of test-time adaptation towards practical noise scenarios [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • ConDA-TTA [Gu et al., arXiv 2024] Learning domain-invariant features for out-of-context news detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Speech

  • CEA [Liu et al., arXiv 2023] Advancing test-time adaptation for acoustic foundation models in open-world shifts [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DSUTA [Lin et al., arXiv 2024] Continual test-time adaptation for end-to-end speech recognition on noisy speech [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

Defense

  • Dent [Wang et al., arXiv 2021] Fighting gradients with gradients: Dynamic defenses against adversarial attacks [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • PST [Lin et al., arXiv 2024] Improving adversarial robustness for 3D point cloud recognition at test-time through purified self-training [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

Video

  • ... [Peirone, Thesis 2022] EGO-T3: Test time training for egocentric videos [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TeCo [Yi et al., Proc. ICLR 2023] Temporal coherent test-time optimization for robust video classification [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • tt-MCC [Bertrand et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2023] Test-time training for matching-based video object segmentation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ConVRT [Cai et al., arXiv 2023] ConVRT: Consistent video restoration through turbulence with test-time optimization of neural video representations [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Ayyoubzadeh., PhD Thesis 2023] Prior-guided deep neural networks for image restoration tasks [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • DiffTTA [Yang et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Genuine knowledge from practice: Diffusion test-time adaptation for video adverse weather removal [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ST2ST [Fahim et al., Proc. CVPR Workshops 2024] ST2ST: Self-supervised test-time adaptation for video action recognition [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Graph

  • GAPGC [Chen et al., Proc. ICML Workshops 2022] GraphTTA: Test time adaptation on graph neural networks [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • HomoTTT [Zhang et al., ACM TKDD 2024] A fully test-time training framework for semi-supervised node classification on out-of-distribution graphs [PDF] [G-Scholar]

OOD/ Anomaly detection

  • ETLT [Fan et al., arXiv 2022] A simple test-time method for out-of-distribution detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TAAD [Sun et al., arXiv 2024] Continuous test-time domain adaptation for efficient fault detection under evolving operating conditions [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Regression

  • SSA [Adachi et al., Proc. CVPR Workshops 2024] Test-time adaptation for regression by subspace alignment [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

Attribute recognition

  • AdaGPAR [Li et al., Machine Intelligence Research 2024] AdaGPAR: Generalizable pedestrian attribute recognition via test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

Tabular data

  • TabLog [Li et al., Proc. ICML 2024] TabLog: Test-time adaptation for tabular data using logic rules [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ... [Kim et al., Misc 2024] AdapTable: Test-time adaptation for tabular data via shift-aware uncertainty calibrator and label distribution handler [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Point Clouds

  • PCoTTA [Jiang et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] PCoTTA: Continual test-time adaptation for multi-task point cloud understanding [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE--]

  • SVWA [Bahri et al., Proc. WACV 2025] Test-time adaptation in point clouds: Leveraging sampling variation with weight averaging [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

Misc

  • Ev-TTA [Kim et al., Proc. CVPR 2022] Ev-TTA: Test-time adaptation for event-based object recognition [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • ODR [Park and D'Amico, arXiv 2022] Robust multi-task learning and online refinement for spacecraft pose estimation across domain gap [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • OAP [Belli et al., Proc. ICIP 2022] Online adaptive personalization for face anti-spoofing [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TTA-MDE [Li et al., Proc. ICRA 2023] Test-time domain adaptation for monocular depth estimation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • SETA [Chen et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Open-world pose transfer via sequential test-time adaption [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TTA-COPE [Lee et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] TTA-COPE: Test-time adaptation for category-level object pose estimation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • MSA [Lin et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] System-status-aware adaptive network for online streaming video understanding [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Pan et al., Proc. CVPR 2023] Cloud-device collaborative adaptation to continual changing environments in the real-world [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Kim et al., Proc. ICCV 2023] Calibrating panoramic depth estimation for practical localization and mapping [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • UTT [Huang et al., Proc. ACPR 2023] Uncertainty-guided test-time training for face forgery detection [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Almansoori et al., Proc. Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis 2023] Anchor-ReID: A test time adaptation for person re-identification [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [He., Journal of Intelligent Medicine and Healthcare 2023] ECG heartbeat classification under dataset shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Park and D'Amico, arXiv 2023] Online supervised training of spaceborne vision during proximity operations using adaptive kalman filtering [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Wimpff et al., arXiv 2023] Calibration-free online test-time adaptation for electroencephalography motor imagery decoding [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • CD-CCA [Wang et al., arXiv 2023] Cloud-device collaborative learning for multimodal large language models [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Yu et al., Proc. ESEC/FSE 2023] Log parsing with generalization ability under new log types [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • RFRA [Yang et al., Proc. ICLR 2024] Test-time adaption against multi-modal reliability bias [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TALoS [Jang et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] TALoS: Enhancing semantic scene completion via test-time adaptation on the line of sight [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • CoLA [Chen et al., Proc. NeurIPS 2024] Cross-device collaborative test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE--]

  • T4P [Park et al., Proc. CVPR 2024] Test-time training of trajectory prediction via masked autoencoder and actor-specific token memory [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • ... [Kim et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] When model meets new normals: Test-time adaptation for unsupervised time-series anomaly detection [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • HTT [Wang et al., Proc. AAAI 2024] Heterogeneous test-time training for multi-modal person re-identification [PDF] [G-Scholar--] [CODE]

  • OFTTA [Wang et al., Proc. IMWUT/ UbiComp 2024] Optimization-free test-time adaptation for cross-person activity recognition [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE]

  • HTTA [Xian et al., Proc. PRCV 2024] Exploring out-of-distribution scene text recognition for driving scenes with hybrid test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • TEMP [Adachi et al., Proc. IJCNN 2024] Test-time similarity modification for person re-identification toward temporal distribution shift [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Duan et al., IJCV 2024] Test-time forgery detection with spatial-frequency prompt learning [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • SHW [Jiang et al., IEEE TITS 2024] Strong-help-weak: An online multi-task inference learning approach for robust advanced driver assistance systems [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • TA-6DT [Tian et al., Pattern Recognition 2024] Test-time adaptation for 6D pose tracking [PDF] [G-Scholar] [CODE--]

  • FT3A [Mao et al., IEEE Internet of Things Journal 2024] Online seizure prediction via fine-tuning and test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Guo et al., Biomedical Signal Processing and Control 2024] Test time adaptation for cross-domain sleep stage classification [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

  • DtCC [Zhu et al., Advanced Engineering Informatics 2024] Cloud-edge test-time adaptation for cross-domain online machinery fault diagnosis via customized contrastive learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • ... [Park et al., arXiv 2024] Test-time adaptation for depth completion [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • Latte [Cao et al., arXiv 2024] Reliable spatial-temporal voxels for multi-modal test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TAIP [Cui et al., arXiv 2024] Online test-time adaptation for interatomic potentials [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • TTA-rPPG [Huang et al., arXiv 2024] Fully test-time rPPG estimation via synthetic signal-guided feature learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • LSCD-TTA [Liang et al., arXiv 2024] Low saturation confidence distribution-based test-time adaptation for cross-domain remote sensing image classification [PDF] [G-Scholar]

Related

  • GTTA-ST [Marsden et al., arXiv 2022] Introducing intermediate domains for effective self-training during test-time [PDF] [G-Scholar]

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  • DSS [Chakrabarty et al., Proc. ICLR Workshops 2023] Domain shift signal for low resource continuous test-time adaptation [PDF] [G-Scholar--]

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  • EACP [Kasa et al., arXiv 2024] Adapting conformal prediction to distribution shifts without labels [PDF] [G-Scholar]

  • DoSAPP [Singh et al., arXiv 2024] Controlling forgetting with test-time data in continual learning [PDF] [G-Scholar]