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serial.c
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/*
* Serial port backend for CUPS.
*
* Copyright 2007-2011 by Apple Inc.
* Copyright 1997-2007 by Easy Software Products, all rights reserved.
*
* These coded instructions, statements, and computer programs are the
* property of Apple Inc. and are protected by Federal copyright
* law. Distribution and use rights are outlined in the file "COPYING"
* which should have been included with this file.
*
* Contents:
*
* main() - Send a file to the printer or server.
* list_devices() - List all serial devices.
* side_cb() - Handle side-channel requests...
*/
/*
* Include necessary headers.
*/
#include <config.h>
#include <cups/cups.h>
#include <cups/backend.h>
#include <cups/sidechannel.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <termios.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <sys/select.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H
# include <sys/ioctl.h>
#endif /* HAVE_SYS_IOCTL_H */
#ifndef CRTSCTS
# ifdef CNEW_RTSCTS
# define CRTSCTS CNEW_RTSCTS
# else
# define CRTSCTS 0
# endif /* CNEW_RTSCTS */
#endif /* !CRTSCTS */
#if defined(__APPLE__)
# include <CoreFoundation/CoreFoundation.h>
# include <IOKit/IOKitLib.h>
# include <IOKit/serial/IOSerialKeys.h>
# include <IOKit/IOBSD.h>
#endif /* __APPLE__ */
#if defined(__linux) && defined(TIOCGSERIAL)
# include <linux/serial.h>
# include <linux/ioctl.h>
#endif /* __linux && TIOCGSERIAL */
/*
* Local functions...
*/
static int drain_output(int print_fd, int device_fd);
static void list_devices(void);
static int side_cb(int print_fd, int device_fd, int use_bc);
/*
* 'main()' - Send a file to the printer or server.
*
* Usage:
*
* printer-uri job-id user title copies options [file]
*/
int /* O - Exit status */
main(int argc, /* I - Number of command-line arguments (6 or 7) */
char *argv[]) /* I - Command-line arguments */
{
char method[255], /* Method in URI */
hostname[1024], /* Hostname */
username[255], /* Username info (not used) */
resource[1024], /* Resource info (device and options) */
*options, /* Pointer to options */
*name, /* Name of option */
*value, /* Value of option */
sep; /* Option separator */
int port; /* Port number (not used) */
int copies; /* Number of copies to print */
int side_eof = 0, /* Saw EOF on side-channel? */
print_fd, /* Print file */
device_fd; /* Serial device */
int nfds; /* Maximum file descriptor value + 1 */
fd_set input, /* Input set for reading */
output; /* Output set for writing */
ssize_t print_bytes, /* Print bytes read */
bc_bytes, /* Backchannel bytes read */
total_bytes, /* Total bytes written */
bytes; /* Bytes written */
int dtrdsr; /* Do dtr/dsr flow control? */
int print_size; /* Size of output buffer for writes */
char print_buffer[8192], /* Print data buffer */
*print_ptr, /* Pointer into print data buffer */
bc_buffer[1024]; /* Back-channel data buffer */
struct termios opts; /* Serial port options */
struct termios origopts; /* Original port options */
#if defined(HAVE_SIGACTION) && !defined(HAVE_SIGSET)
struct sigaction action; /* Actions for POSIX signals */
#endif /* HAVE_SIGACTION && !HAVE_SIGSET */
char print_sleep = 0; /* Print first sleep flag on every transmit */
/*
* Make sure status messages are not buffered...
*/
setbuf(stderr, NULL);
/*
* Ignore SIGPIPE signals...
*/
#ifdef HAVE_SIGSET
sigset(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#elif defined(HAVE_SIGACTION)
memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
action.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
sigaction(SIGPIPE, &action, NULL);
#else
signal(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
#endif /* HAVE_SIGSET */
/*
* Check command-line...
*/
if (argc == 1)
{
list_devices();
return (CUPS_BACKEND_OK);
}
else if (argc < 6 || argc > 7)
{
fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s job-id user title copies options [file]\n",
argv[0]);
return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
}
/*
* If we have 7 arguments, print the file named on the command-line.
* Otherwise, send stdin instead...
*/
if (argc == 6)
{
print_fd = 0;
copies = 1;
}
else
{
/*
* Try to open the print file...
*/
if ((print_fd = open(argv[6], O_RDONLY)) < 0)
{
perror("ERROR: Unable to open print file");
return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
}
copies = atoi(argv[4]);
}
/*
* Extract the device name and options from the URI...
*/
httpSeparateURI(HTTP_URI_CODING_ALL, cupsBackendDeviceURI(argv),
method, sizeof(method), username, sizeof(username),
hostname, sizeof(hostname), &port,
resource, sizeof(resource));
/*
* See if there are any options...
*/
if ((options = strchr(resource, '?')) != NULL)
{
/*
* Yup, terminate the device name string and move to the first
* character of the options...
*/
*options++ = '\0';
}
/*
* Open the serial port device...
*/
fputs("STATE: +connecting-to-device\n", stderr);
do
{
if ((device_fd = open(resource, O_RDWR | O_NOCTTY | O_EXCL |
O_NDELAY)) == -1)
{
if (getenv("CLASS") != NULL)
{
/*
* If the CLASS environment variable is set, the job was submitted
* to a class and not to a specific queue. In this case, we want
* to abort immediately so that the job can be requeued on the next
* available printer in the class.
*/
fputs("INFO: Unable to contact printer, queuing on next printer in "
"class.\n", stderr);
/*
* Sleep 5 seconds to keep the job from requeuing too rapidly...
*/
sleep(5);
return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
}
if (errno == EBUSY)
{
fputs("INFO: Printer busy; will retry in 30 seconds.\n", stderr);
sleep(30);
}
else
{
perror("ERROR: Unable to open serial port");
return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
}
}
}
while (device_fd < 0);
fputs("STATE: -connecting-to-device\n", stderr);
/*
* Set any options provided...
*/
tcgetattr(device_fd, &origopts);
tcgetattr(device_fd, &opts);
opts.c_lflag &= ~(ICANON | ECHO | ISIG);
/* Raw mode */
opts.c_oflag &= ~OPOST; /* Don't post-process */
print_size = 96; /* 9600 baud / 10 bits/char / 10Hz */
dtrdsr = 0; /* No dtr/dsr flow control */
if (options)
{
while (*options)
{
/*
* Get the name...
*/
name = options;
while (*options && *options != '=' && *options != '+' && *options != '&')
options ++;
if ((sep = *options) != '\0')
*options++ = '\0';
if (sep == '=')
{
/*
* Get the value...
*/
value = options;
while (*options && *options != '+' && *options != '&')
options ++;
if (*options)
*options++ = '\0';
}
else
value = (char *)"";
/*
* Process the option...
*/
if (!strcasecmp(name, "baud"))
{
/*
* Set the baud rate...
*/
print_size = atoi(value) / 100;
#if B19200 == 19200
cfsetispeed(&opts, atoi(value));
cfsetospeed(&opts, atoi(value));
#else
switch (atoi(value))
{
case 1200 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B1200);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B1200);
break;
case 2400 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B2400);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B2400);
break;
case 4800 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B4800);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B4800);
break;
case 9600 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B9600);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B9600);
break;
case 19200 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B19200);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B19200);
break;
case 38400 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B38400);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B38400);
break;
# ifdef B57600
case 57600 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B57600);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B57600);
break;
# endif /* B57600 */
# ifdef B115200
case 115200 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B115200);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B115200);
break;
# endif /* B115200 */
# ifdef B230400
case 230400 :
cfsetispeed(&opts, B230400);
cfsetospeed(&opts, B230400);
break;
# endif /* B230400 */
default :
fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: Unsupported baud rate: %s\n", value);
break;
}
#endif /* B19200 == 19200 */
}
else if (!strcasecmp(name, "bits"))
{
/*
* Set number of data bits...
*/
switch (atoi(value))
{
case 7 :
opts.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
opts.c_cflag |= CS7;
opts.c_cflag |= PARENB;
opts.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;
break;
case 8 :
opts.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
opts.c_cflag |= CS8;
opts.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
break;
}
}
else if (!strcasecmp(name, "parity"))
{
/*
* Set parity checking...
*/
if (!strcasecmp(value, "even"))
{
opts.c_cflag |= PARENB;
opts.c_cflag &= ~PARODD;
}
else if (!strcasecmp(value, "odd"))
{
opts.c_cflag |= PARENB;
opts.c_cflag |= PARODD;
}
else if (!strcasecmp(value, "none"))
opts.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
else if (!strcasecmp(value, "space"))
{
/*
* Note: we only support space parity with 7 bits per character...
*/
opts.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
opts.c_cflag |= CS8;
opts.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
}
else if (!strcasecmp(value, "mark"))
{
/*
* Note: we only support mark parity with 7 bits per character
* and 1 stop bit...
*/
opts.c_cflag &= ~CSIZE;
opts.c_cflag |= CS7;
opts.c_cflag &= ~PARENB;
opts.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;
}
}
else if (!strcasecmp(name, "flow"))
{
/*
* Set flow control...
*/
if (!strcasecmp(value, "none"))
{
opts.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF);
opts.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
}
else if (!strcasecmp(value, "soft"))
{
opts.c_iflag |= IXON | IXOFF;
opts.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
}
else if (!strcasecmp(value, "hard") ||
!strcasecmp(value, "rtscts"))
{
opts.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF);
opts.c_cflag |= CRTSCTS;
}
else if (!strcasecmp(value, "dtrdsr"))
{
opts.c_iflag &= ~(IXON | IXOFF);
opts.c_cflag &= ~CRTSCTS;
dtrdsr = 1;
}
}
else if (!strcasecmp(name, "stop"))
{
switch (atoi(value))
{
case 1 :
opts.c_cflag &= ~CSTOPB;
break;
case 2 :
opts.c_cflag |= CSTOPB;
break;
}
}
}
}
tcsetattr(device_fd, TCSANOW, &opts);
fcntl(device_fd, F_SETFL, 0);
/*
* Now that we are "connected" to the port, ignore SIGTERM so that we
* can finish out any page data the driver sends (e.g. to eject the
* current page... Only ignore SIGTERM if we are printing data from
* stdin (otherwise you can't cancel raw jobs...)
*/
if (!print_fd)
{
#ifdef HAVE_SIGSET /* Use System V signals over POSIX to avoid bugs */
sigset(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
#elif defined(HAVE_SIGACTION)
memset(&action, 0, sizeof(action));
sigemptyset(&action.sa_mask);
action.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
sigaction(SIGTERM, &action, NULL);
#else
signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
#endif /* HAVE_SIGSET */
}
/*
* Figure out the maximum file descriptor value to use with select()...
*/
nfds = (print_fd > device_fd ? print_fd : device_fd) + 1;
/*
* Finally, send the print file. Ordinarily we would just use the
* backendRunLoop() function, however since we need to use smaller
* writes and may need to do DSR/DTR flow control, we duplicate much
* of the code here instead...
*/
if (print_size > sizeof(print_buffer))
print_size = sizeof(print_buffer);
total_bytes = 0;
while (copies > 0)
{
copies --;
if (print_fd != 0)
{
fputs("PAGE: 1 1\n", stderr);
lseek(print_fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
}
/*
* Now loop until we are out of data from print_fd...
*/
for (print_bytes = 0, print_ptr = print_buffer;;)
{
/*
* Use select() to determine whether we have data to copy around...
*/
FD_ZERO(&input);
if (!print_bytes)
FD_SET(print_fd, &input);
FD_SET(device_fd, &input);
if (!print_bytes && !side_eof)
FD_SET(CUPS_SC_FD, &input);
FD_ZERO(&output);
if (print_bytes)
FD_SET(device_fd, &output);
if (select(nfds, &input, &output, NULL, NULL) < 0)
continue; /* Ignore errors here */
/*
* Check if we have a side-channel request ready...
*/
if (FD_ISSET(CUPS_SC_FD, &input))
{
/*
* Do the side-channel request, then start back over in the select
* loop since it may have read from print_fd...
*/
if (side_cb(print_fd, device_fd, 1))
side_eof = 1;
continue;
}
/*
* Check if we have back-channel data ready...
*/
if (FD_ISSET(device_fd, &input))
{
if ((bc_bytes = read(device_fd, bc_buffer, sizeof(bc_buffer))) > 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Received %d bytes of back-channel data.\n",
(int)bc_bytes);
cupsBackChannelWrite(bc_buffer, bc_bytes, 1.0);
}
}
/*
* Check if we have print data ready...
*/
if (FD_ISSET(print_fd, &input))
{
if ((print_bytes = read(print_fd, print_buffer, print_size)) < 0)
{
/*
* Read error - bail if we don't see EAGAIN or EINTR...
*/
if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR)
{
perror("DEBUG: Unable to read print data");
tcsetattr(device_fd, TCSADRAIN, &origopts);
close(device_fd);
if (print_fd != 0)
close(print_fd);
return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
}
print_bytes = 0;
}
else if (print_bytes == 0)
{
/*
* End of file, break out of the loop...
*/
break;
}
print_ptr = print_buffer;
}
/*
* Check if the device is ready to receive data and we have data to
* send...
*/
if (print_bytes && FD_ISSET(device_fd, &output))
{
if (dtrdsr)
{
/*
* Check the port and sleep until DSR is set...
*/
int status;
if (!ioctl(device_fd, TIOCMGET, &status))
if (!(status & TIOCM_DSR))
{
/*
* Wait for DSR to go high...
*/
fputs("DEBUG: DSR is low; waiting for device.\n", stderr);
do
{
/*
* Poll every 100ms...
*/
usleep(100000);
if (ioctl(device_fd, TIOCMGET, &status))
break;
}
while (!(status & TIOCM_DSR));
fputs("DEBUG: DSR is high; writing to device.\n", stderr);
}
}
/*
* on every transmit need to wait a little
* even though the DSR is OK for some unknown reasons.
*/
if (print_sleep == 0)
{
usleep(10000);
print_sleep = 1;
}
if ((bytes = write(device_fd, print_ptr, print_bytes)) < 0)
{
/*
* Write error - bail if we don't see an error we can retry...
*/
if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR && errno != ENOTTY)
{
perror("DEBUG: Unable to write print data");
tcsetattr(device_fd, TCSADRAIN, &origopts);
close(device_fd);
if (print_fd != 0)
close(print_fd);
return (CUPS_BACKEND_FAILED);
}
}
else
{
tcdrain(device_fd);
fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Wrote %d bytes.\n", (int)bytes);
print_bytes -= bytes;
print_ptr += bytes;
total_bytes += bytes;
}
}
}
}
/*
* Close the serial port and input file and return...
*/
tcsetattr(device_fd, TCSADRAIN, &origopts);
close(device_fd);
if (print_fd != 0)
close(print_fd);
return (CUPS_BACKEND_OK);
}
/*
* 'drain_output()' - Drain pending print data to the device.
*/
static int /* O - 0 on success, -1 on error */
drain_output(int print_fd, /* I - Print file descriptor */
int device_fd) /* I - Device file descriptor */
{
int nfds; /* Maximum file descriptor value + 1 */
fd_set input; /* Input set for reading */
ssize_t print_bytes, /* Print bytes read */
bytes; /* Bytes written */
char print_buffer[8192], /* Print data buffer */
*print_ptr; /* Pointer into print data buffer */
struct timeval timeout; /* Timeout for read... */
/*
* Figure out the maximum file descriptor value to use with select()...
*/
nfds = (print_fd > device_fd ? print_fd : device_fd) + 1;
/*
* Now loop until we are out of data from print_fd...
*/
for (;;)
{
/*
* Use select() to determine whether we have data to copy around...
*/
FD_ZERO(&input);
FD_SET(print_fd, &input);
timeout.tv_sec = 0;
timeout.tv_usec = 0;
if (select(nfds, &input, NULL, NULL, &timeout) < 0)
return (-1);
if (!FD_ISSET(print_fd, &input))
return (0);
if ((print_bytes = read(print_fd, print_buffer,
sizeof(print_buffer))) < 0)
{
/*
* Read error - bail if we don't see EAGAIN or EINTR...
*/
if (errno != EAGAIN && errno != EINTR)
{
perror("ERROR: Unable to read print data");
return (-1);
}
print_bytes = 0;
}
else if (print_bytes == 0)
{
/*
* End of file, return...
*/
return (0);
}
fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Read %d bytes of print data.\n",
(int)print_bytes);
for (print_ptr = print_buffer; print_bytes > 0;)
{
if ((bytes = write(device_fd, print_ptr, print_bytes)) < 0)
{
/*
* Write error - bail if we don't see an error we can retry...
*/
if (errno != ENOSPC && errno != ENXIO && errno != EAGAIN &&
errno != EINTR && errno != ENOTTY)
{
perror("ERROR: Unable to write print data");
return (-1);
}
}
else
{
fprintf(stderr, "DEBUG: Wrote %d bytes of print data.\n", (int)bytes);
print_bytes -= bytes;
print_ptr += bytes;
}
}
}
}
/*
* 'list_devices()' - List all serial devices.
*/
static void
list_devices(void)
{
#if defined(__sun) || defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
static char *funky_hex = "0123456789abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz";
/* Funky hex numbering used for some *
* devices */
#endif /* __sun || __FreeBSD__ || __OpenBSD__ || __FreeBSD_kernel__ */
#ifdef __linux
int i, j; /* Looping vars */
int fd; /* File descriptor */
char device[255]; /* Device filename */
char info[255]; /* Device info/description */
# ifdef TIOCGSERIAL
struct serial_struct serinfo; /* serial port info */
# endif /* TIOCGSERIAL */
for (i = 0; i < 100; i ++)
{
sprintf(device, "/dev/ttyS%d", i);
if ((fd = open(device, O_WRONLY | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY)) >= 0)
{
# ifdef TIOCGSERIAL
/*
* See if this port exists...
*/
serinfo.reserved_char[0] = 0;
if (!ioctl(fd, TIOCGSERIAL, &serinfo))
{
if (serinfo.type == PORT_UNKNOWN)
{
/*
* Nope...
*/
close(fd);
continue;
}
}
# endif /* TIOCGSERIAL */
close(fd);
snprintf(info, sizeof(info), "Serial Port #%d", i + 1);
# if defined(_ARCH_PPC) || defined(powerpc) || defined(__powerpc)
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=230400 \"Unknown\" \"%s\"\n", device, info);
# else
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=115200 \"Unknown\" \"%s\"\n", device, info);
# endif /* _ARCH_PPC || powerpc || __powerpc */
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 16; i ++)
{
snprintf(info, sizeof(info), "USB Serial Port #%d", i + 1);
sprintf(device, "/dev/usb/ttyUSB%d", i);
if ((fd = open(device, O_WRONLY | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY)) >= 0)
{
close(fd);
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=230400 \"Unknown\" \"%s\"\n", device, info);
}
sprintf(device, "/dev/ttyUSB%d", i);
if ((fd = open(device, O_WRONLY | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY)) >= 0)
{
close(fd);
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=230400 \"Unknown\" \"%s\"\n", device, info);
}
}
for (i = 0; i < 64; i ++)
{
for (j = 0; j < 8; j ++)
{
sprintf(device, "/dev/ttyQ%02de%d", i, j);
if ((fd = open(device, O_WRONLY | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY)) >= 0)
{
close(fd);
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=115200 \"Unknown\" "
"\"Equinox ESP %d Port #%d\"\n", device, i, j + 1);
}
}
}
#elif defined(__sun)
int i, j, n; /* Looping vars */
char device[255]; /* Device filename */
char info[255]; /* Device info/description */
/*
* Standard serial ports...
*/
for (i = 0; i < 26; i ++)
{
sprintf(device, "/dev/cua/%c", 'a' + i);
if (!access(device, 0))
{
snprintf(info, sizeof(info), "Serial Port #%d", i + 1);
# ifdef B115200
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=115200 \"Unknown\" \"%s\"\n", device, info);
# else
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=38400 \"Unknown\" \"%s\"\n", device, info);
# endif /* B115200 */
}
}
/*
* MAGMA serial ports...
*/
for (i = 0; i < 40; i ++)
{
sprintf(device, "/dev/term/%02d", i);
if (access(device, 0) == 0)
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=38400 \"Unknown\" \"MAGMA Serial Board #%d Port #%d\"\n",
device, (i / 10) + 1, (i % 10) + 1);
}
/*
* Central Data serial ports...
*/
for (i = 0; i < 9; i ++)
for (j = 0; j < 8; j ++)
for (n = 0; n < 32; n ++)
{
if (i == 8) /* EtherLite */
sprintf(device, "/dev/sts/ttyN%d%c", j, funky_hex[n]);
else
sprintf(device, "/dev/sts/tty%c%d%c", i + 'C', j,
funky_hex[n]);
if (access(device, 0) == 0)
{
if (i == 8)
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=38400 \"Unknown\" \"Central Data EtherLite Serial Port, ID %d, port %d\"\n",
device, j, n);
else
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=38400 \"Unknown\" \"Central Data SCSI Serial Port, logical bus %d, ID %d, port %d\"\n",
device, i, j, n);
}
}
#elif defined(__FreeBSD__) || defined(__OpenBSD__) || defined(__DragonFly__) || defined(__FreeBSD_kernel__)
int i, j; /* Looping vars */
int fd; /* File descriptor */
char device[255]; /* Device filename */
char info[255]; /* Device info/description */
/*
* SIO ports...
*/
for (i = 0; i < 32; i ++)
{
sprintf(device, "/dev/ttyd%c", funky_hex[i]);
if ((fd = open(device, O_WRONLY | O_NOCTTY | O_NDELAY)) >= 0)
{
close(fd);
snprintf(info, sizeof(info), "Serial Port #%d", i + 1);
printf("serial serial:%s?baud=115200 \"Unknown\" \"%s\"\n", device, info);
}
}
/*
* Cyclades ports...
*/
for (i = 0; i < 16; i ++) /* Should be up to 65536 boards... */
for (j = 0; j < 32; j ++)
{