Rust 1.79.0

Language

• Stabilize inline const {} expressions.
• Prevent opaque types being instantiated twice with different regions within the same function.
• Stabilize WebAssembly target features that are in phase 4 and 5.
• Add the redundant_lifetimes lint to detect lifetimes which are semantically redundant.
• Stabilize the unnameable_types lint for public types that can't be named.
• Enable debuginfo in macros, and stabilize -C collapse-macro-debuginfo and #[collapse_debuginfo].
• Propagate temporary lifetime extension into if and match expressions.
• Restrict promotion of const fn calls.
• Warn against refining impls of crate-private traits with refining_impl_trait lint.
• Stabilize associated type bounds (RFC 2289).
• Stabilize importing main from other modules or crates.
• Check return types of function types for well-formedness
• Rework impl Trait lifetime inference
• Change inductive trait solver cycles to be ambiguous

Compiler

• Define -C strip to only affect binaries, not artifacts like .pdb.
• Stabilize -Crelro-level for controlling runtime link hardening.
• Stabilize checking of cfg names and values at compile-time with --check-cfg. Note that this only stabilizes the compiler part, the Cargo part is still unstable in this release.
• Add aarch64-apple-visionos and aarch64-apple-visionos-sim tier 3 targets.
• Add riscv32ima-unknown-none-elf tier 3 target.
• Promote several Windows targets to tier 2: aarch64-pc-windows-gnullvm, i686-pc-windows-gnullvm, and x86_64-pc-windows-gnullvm.

Refer to Rust's platform support page for more information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries

• Implement FromIterator for (impl Default + Extend, impl Default + Extend).
• Implement {Div,Rem}Assign<NonZero<X>> on X.
• Document overrides of clone_from() in core/std.
• Link MSVC default lib in core.
• Caution against using transmute between pointers and integers.
• Enable frame pointers for the standard library.

Stabilized APIs

• {integer}::unchecked_add
• {integer}::unchecked_mul
• {integer}::unchecked_sub
• <[T]>::split_at_unchecked
• <[T]>::split_at_mut_unchecked
• <[u8]>::utf8_chunks
• str::Utf8Chunks
• str::Utf8Chunk
• <*const T>::is_aligned
• <*mut T>::is_aligned
• NonNull::is_aligned
• <*const [T]>::len
• <*mut [T]>::len
• <*const [T]>::is_empty
• <*mut [T]>::is_empty
• NonNull::<[T]>::is_empty
• CStr::count_bytes
• io::Error::downcast
• num::NonZero<T>
• path::absolute
• proc_macro::Literal::byte_character
• proc_macro::Literal::c_string

These APIs are now stable in const contexts:

• Atomic*::into_inner
• io::Cursor::new
• io::Cursor::get_ref
• io::Cursor::position
• io::empty
• io::repeat
• io::sink
• panic::Location::caller
• panic::Location::file
• panic::Location::line
• panic::Location::column

Cargo

• Prevent dashes in lib.name, always normalizing to _.
• Stabilize MSRV-aware version requirement selection in cargo add.
• Switch to using gitoxide by default for listing files.

Rustdoc

• Always display stability version even if it's the same as the containing item.
• Show a single search result for items with multiple paths.
• Support typing / in docs to begin a search.

Misc

Compatibility Notes

• Update the minimum external LLVM to 17.
• RustcEncodable and RustcDecodable are soft-destabilized, to be removed from the prelude in next edition.
• The wasm_c_abi future-incompatibility lint will warn about use of the non-spec-compliant C ABI. Use wasm-bindgen v0.2.88 to generate forward-compatible bindings.
• Check return types of function types for well-formedness

Rust 1.78.0

Language

• Stabilize #[cfg(target_abi = ...)]
• Stabilize the #[diagnostic] namespace and #[diagnostic::on_unimplemented] attribute
• Make async-fn-in-trait implementable with concrete signatures
• Make matching on NaN a hard error, and remove the rest of illegal_floating_point_literal_pattern
• static mut: allow mutable reference to arbitrary types, not just slices and arrays
• Extend invalid_reference_casting to include references casting to bigger memory layout
• Add non_contiguous_range_endpoints lint for singleton gaps after exclusive ranges
• Add wasm_c_abi lint for use of older wasm-bindgen versions This lint currently only works when using Cargo.
• Update indirect_structural_match and pointer_structural_match lints to match RFC
• Make non-PartialEq-typed consts as patterns a hard error
• Split refining_impl_trait lint into _reachable, _internal variants
• Remove unnecessary type inference when using associated types inside of higher ranked where-bounds
• Weaken eager detection of cyclic types during type inference
• trait Trait: Auto {}: allow upcasting from dyn Trait to dyn Trait + Auto

Compiler

• Made INVALID_DOC_ATTRIBUTES lint deny by default
• Increase accuracy of redundant use checking
• Suggest moving definition if non-found macro_rules! is defined later
• Lower transmutes from int to pointer type as gep on null

Target changes:

• Windows tier 1 targets now require at least Windows 10
  • Enable CMPXCHG16B, SSE3, SAHF/LAHF and 128-bit Atomics in tier 1 Windows
• Add wasm32-wasip1 tier 2 (without host tools) target
• Add wasm32-wasip2 tier 3 target
• Rename wasm32-wasi-preview1-threads to wasm32-wasip1-threads
• Add arm64ec-pc-windows-msvc tier 3 target
• Add armv8r-none-eabihf tier 3 target for the Cortex-R52
• Add loongarch64-unknown-linux-musl tier 3 target

Refer to Rust's platform support page for more information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries

• Bump Unicode to version 15.1.0, regenerate tables
• Make align_offset, align_to well-behaved in all cases
• PartialEq, PartialOrd: document expectations for transitive chains
• Optimize away poison guards when std is built with panic=abort
• Replace pthread RwLock with custom implementation
• Implement unwind safety for Condvar on all platforms
• Add ASCII fast-path for char::is_grapheme_extended

Stabilized APIs

• impl Read for &Stdin
• Accept non 'static lifetimes for several std::error::Error related implementations
• Make impl<Fd: AsFd> impl take ?Sized
• impl From<TryReserveError> for io::Error

These APIs are now stable in const contexts:

• Barrier::new()

Cargo

• Stabilize lockfile v4
• Respect rust-version when generating lockfile
• Control --charset via auto-detecting config value
• Support target.<triple>.rustdocflags officially
• Stabilize global cache data tracking

Compatibility Notes

• Many unsafe precondition checks now run for user code with debug assertions enabled This change helps users catch undefined behavior in their code, though the details of how much is checked are generally not stable.
• riscv only supports split_debuginfo=off for now
• Consistently check bounds on hidden types of impl Trait
• Change equality of higher ranked types to not rely on subtyping
• When called, additionally check bounds on normalized function return type
• Expand coverage for arithmetic_overflow lint
• Fix detection of potential interior mutability in const initializers This code was accidentally accepted. The fix can break generic code that borrows a value of unknown type, as there is currently no way to declare "this type has no interior mutability". In the future, stabilizing the Freeze trait will allow proper support for such code.

Internal Changes

These changes do not affect any public interfaces of Rust, but they represent significant improvements to the performance or internals of rustc and related tools.

• Update to LLVM 18
• Build rustc with 1CGU on x86_64-pc-windows-msvc
• Build rustc with 1CGU on x86_64-apple-darwin
• Introduce run-make V2 infrastructure, a run_make_support library and port over 2 tests as example
• Windows: Implement condvar, mutex and rwlock using futex

Rust 1.77.2

• CVE-2024-24576: fix escaping of Windows batch file arguments in std::process::Command

Rust 1.77.1

• Revert stripping debuginfo by default for Windows This fixes a regression in 1.77 by reverting to the previous default. Platforms other than Windows are not affected.
• Internal: Fix heading anchor rendering in doc pages

Rust 1.77.0

Language

• Reveal opaque types within the defining body for exhaustiveness checking.
• Stabilize C-string literals.
• Stabilize THIR unsafeck.
• Add lint static_mut_refs to warn on references to mutable statics.
• Support async recursive calls (as long as they have indirection).
• Undeprecate lint unstable_features and make use of it in the compiler.
• Make inductive cycles in coherence ambiguous always.
• Get rid of type-driven traversal in const-eval interning, only as a future compatiblity lint for now.
• Deny braced macro invocations in let-else.

Compiler

• Include lint soft_unstable in future breakage reports.
• Make i128 and u128 16-byte aligned on x86-based targets.
• Use --verbose in diagnostic output.
• Improve spacing between printed tokens.
• Merge the unused_tuple_struct_fields lint into dead_code.
• Error on incorrect implied bounds in well-formedness check, with a temporary exception for Bevy.
• Fix coverage instrumentation/reports for non-ASCII source code.
• Fix fn/const items implied bounds and well-formedness check.
• Promote riscv32{im|imafc}-unknown-none-elf targets to tier 2.
• Add several new tier 3 targets:
  • aarch64-unknown-illumos
  • hexagon-unknown-none-elf
  • riscv32imafc-esp-espidf
  • riscv32im-risc0-zkvm-elf

Refer to Rust's platform support page for more information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries

• Implement From<&[T; N]> for Cow<[T]>.
• Remove special-case handling of vec.split_off(0).

Stabilized APIs

• array::each_ref
• array::each_mut
• core::net
• f32::round_ties_even
• f64::round_ties_even
• mem::offset_of!
• slice::first_chunk
• slice::first_chunk_mut
• slice::split_first_chunk
• slice::split_first_chunk_mut
• slice::last_chunk
• slice::last_chunk_mut
• slice::split_last_chunk
• slice::split_last_chunk_mut
• slice::chunk_by
• slice::chunk_by_mut
• Bound::map
• File::create_new
• Mutex::clear_poison
• RwLock::clear_poison

Cargo

• Extend the build directive syntax with cargo::.
• Stabilize metadata id format as PackageIDSpec.
• Pull out cargo-util-schemas as a crate.
• Strip all debuginfo when debuginfo is not requested.
• Inherit jobserver from env for all kinds of runners.
• Deprecate rustc plugin support in cargo.

Rustdoc

• Allows links in markdown headings.
• Search for tuples and unit by type with ().
• Clean up the source sidebar's hide button.
• Prevent JS injection from localStorage.

Misc

• Recommend version-sorting for all sorting in style guide.

Internal Changes

These changes do not affect any public interfaces of Rust, but they represent significant improvements to the performance or internals of rustc and related tools.

• Add more weirdness to weird-exprs.rs.

Rust 1.76.0

Language

• Document Rust ABI compatibility between various types
• Also: guarantee that char and u32 are ABI-compatible
• Add lint ambiguous_wide_pointer_comparisons that supersedes clippy::vtable_address_comparisons

Compiler

• Lint pinned #[must_use] pointers (in particular, Box<T> where T is #[must_use]) in unused_must_use.
• Soundness fix: fix computing the offset of an unsized field in a packed struct
• Soundness fix: fix dynamic size/align computation logic for packed types with dyn Trait tail
• Add $message_type field to distinguish json diagnostic outputs
• Enable Rust to use the EHCont security feature of Windows
• Add tier 3 {x86_64,i686}-win7-windows-msvc targets
• Add tier 3 aarch64-apple-watchos target
• Add tier 3 arm64e-apple-ios & arm64e-apple-darwin targets

Refer to Rust's platform support page for more information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries

• Add a column number to dbg!()
• Add std::hash::{DefaultHasher, RandomState} exports
• Fix rounding issue with exponents in fmt
• Add T: ?Sized to RwLockReadGuard and RwLockWriteGuard's Debug impls.
• Windows: Allow File::create to work on hidden files

Stabilized APIs

• Arc::unwrap_or_clone
• Rc::unwrap_or_clone
• Result::inspect
• Result::inspect_err
• Option::inspect
• type_name_of_val
• std::hash::{DefaultHasher, RandomState} These were previously available only through std::collections::hash_map.
• ptr::{from_ref, from_mut}
• ptr::addr_eq

Cargo

See Cargo release notes.

Rustdoc

• Don't merge cfg and doc(cfg) attributes for re-exports
• rustdoc: allow resizing the sidebar / hiding the top bar
• rustdoc-search: add support for traits and associated types
• rustdoc: Add highlighting for comments in items declaration

Compatibility Notes

• Add allow-by-default lint for unit bindings This is expected to be upgraded to a warning by default in a future Rust release. Some macros emit bindings with type () with user-provided spans, which means that this lint will warn for user code.
• Remove x86_64-sun-solaris target.
• Remove asmjs-unknown-emscripten target
• Report errors in jobserver inherited through environment variables This may warn on benign problems too.
• Update the minimum external LLVM to 16.
• Improve print_tts This change can break some naive manual parsing of token trees in proc macro code which expect a particular structure after .to_string(), rather than just arbitrary Rust code.
• Make IMPLIED_BOUNDS_ENTAILMENT into a hard error from a lint
• Vec's allocation behavior was changed when collecting some iterators Allocation behavior is currently not specified, nevertheless changes can be surprising. See impl FromIterator for Vec for more details.
• Properly reject default on free const items

Rust 1.75.0

Language

• Stabilize async fn and return-position impl Trait in traits.
• Allow function pointer signatures containing &mut T in const contexts.
• Match usize/isize exhaustively with half-open ranges.
• Guarantee that char has the same size and alignment as u32.
• Document that the null pointer has the 0 address.
• Allow partially moved values in match.
• Add notes about non-compliant FP behavior on 32bit x86 targets.
• Stabilize ratified RISC-V target features.

Compiler

• Rework negative coherence to properly consider impls that only partly overlap.
• Bump COINDUCTIVE_OVERLAP_IN_COHERENCE to deny, and warn in dependencies.
• Consider alias bounds when computing liveness in NLL.
• Add the V (vector) extension to the riscv64-linux-android target spec.
• Automatically enable cross-crate inlining for small functions
• Add several new tier 3 targets:
  • csky-unknown-linux-gnuabiv2hf
  • i586-unknown-netbsd
  • mipsel-unknown-netbsd

Refer to Rust's platform support page for more information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries

• Override Waker::clone_from to avoid cloning Wakers unnecessarily.
• Implement BufRead for VecDeque<u8>.
• Implement FusedIterator for DecodeUtf16 when the inner iterator does.
• Implement Not, Bit{And,Or}{,Assign} for IP addresses.
• Implement Default for ExitCode.
• Guarantee representation of None in NPO
• Document when atomic loads are guaranteed read-only.
• Broaden the consequences of recursive TLS initialization.
• Windows: Support sub-millisecond sleep.
• Fix generic bound of str::SplitInclusive's DoubleEndedIterator impl
• Fix exit status / wait status on non-Unix cfg(unix) platforms.

Stabilized APIs

• Atomic*::from_ptr
• FileTimes
• FileTimesExt
• File::set_modified
• File::set_times
• IpAddr::to_canonical
• Ipv6Addr::to_canonical
• Option::as_slice
• Option::as_mut_slice
• pointer::byte_add
• pointer::byte_offset
• pointer::byte_offset_from
• pointer::byte_sub
• pointer::wrapping_byte_add
• pointer::wrapping_byte_offset
• pointer::wrapping_byte_sub

These APIs are now stable in const contexts:

• Ipv6Addr::to_ipv4_mapped
• MaybeUninit::assume_init_read
• MaybeUninit::zeroed
• mem::discriminant
• mem::zeroed

Cargo

• Add new packages to [workspace.members] automatically.
• Allow version-less Cargo.toml manifests.
• Make browser links out of HTML file paths.

Rustdoc

• Accept less invalid Rust in rustdoc.
• Document lack of object safety on affected traits.
• Hide #[repr(transparent)] if it isn't part of the public ABI.
• Show enum discriminant if it is a C-like variant.

Compatibility Notes

• FreeBSD targets now require at least version 12.
• Formally demote tier 2 MIPS targets to tier 3.
• Make misalignment a hard error in const contexts.
• Fix detecting references to packed unsized fields.
• Remove support for compiler plugins.

Internal Changes

These changes do not affect any public interfaces of Rust, but they represent significant improvements to the performance or internals of rustc and related tools.

• Optimize librustc_driver.so with BOLT.
• Enable parallel rustc front end in dev and nightly builds.
• Distribute rustc-codegen-cranelift as rustup component on the nightly channel.

Rust 1.74.1

• Resolved spurious STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATIONs in LLVM
• Clarify guarantees for std::mem::discriminant
• Fix some subtyping-related regressions

Rust 1.74.0

Language

• Codify that std::mem::Discriminant<T> does not depend on any lifetimes in T
• Replace private_in_public lint with private_interfaces and private_bounds per RFC 2145. Read more in RFC 2145.
• Allow explicit #[repr(Rust)]
• closure field capturing: don't depend on alignment of packed fields
• Enable MIR-based drop-tracking for async blocks
• Stabilize impl_trait_projections

Compiler

• stabilize combining +bundle and +whole-archive link modifiers
• Stabilize PATH option for --print KIND=PATH
• Enable ASAN/LSAN/TSAN for *-apple-ios-macabi
• Promote loongarch64-unknown-none* to Tier 2
• Add i686-pc-windows-gnullvm as a tier 3 target

Libraries

• Implement From<OwnedFd/Handle> for ChildStdin/out/err
• Implement From<{&,&mut} [T; N]> for Vec<T> where T: Clone
• impl Step for IP addresses
• Implement From<[T; N]> for Rc<[T]> and Arc<[T]>
• impl TryFrom<char> for u16
• Stabilize io_error_other feature
• Stabilize the Saturating type
• Stabilize const_transmute_copy

Stabilized APIs

• core::num::Saturating
• impl From<io::Stdout> for std::process::Stdio
• impl From<io::Stderr> for std::process::Stdio
• impl From<OwnedHandle> for std::process::Child{Stdin, Stdout, Stderr}
• impl From<OwnedFd> for std::process::Child{Stdin, Stdout, Stderr}
• std::ffi::OsString::from_encoded_bytes_unchecked
• std::ffi::OsString::into_encoded_bytes
• std::ffi::OsStr::from_encoded_bytes_unchecked
• std::ffi::OsStr::as_encoded_bytes
• std::io::Error::other
• impl TryFrom<char> for u16
• impl<T: Clone, const N: usize> From<&[T; N]> for Vec<T>
• impl<T: Clone, const N: usize> From<&mut [T; N]> for Vec<T>
• impl<T, const N: usize> From<[T; N]> for Arc<[T]>
• impl<T, const N: usize> From<[T; N]> for Rc<[T]>

These APIs are now stable in const contexts:

• core::mem::transmute_copy
• str::is_ascii
• [u8]::is_ascii

Cargo

• In Cargo.toml, stabilize [lints]
• Stabilize credential-process and registry-auth
• Stabilize --keep-going build flag
• Add styling to --help output
• For cargo clean, add --dry-run flag and summary line at the end
• For cargo update, make --package more convenient by being positional
• For cargo update, clarify meaning of --aggressive as --recursive
• Add '-n' as an alias for --dry-run
• Allow version-prefixes in pkgid's (e.g. --package flags) to resolve ambiguities
• In .cargo/config.toml, merge lists in precedence order
• Add support for target.'cfg(..)'.linker

Rustdoc

• Add warning block support in rustdoc
• rustdoc-search: add support for type parameters
• rustdoc: show inner enum and struct in type definition for concrete type

Compatibility Notes

• Raise minimum supported Apple OS versions
• make Cell::swap panic if the Cells partially overlap
• Reject invalid crate names in --extern
• Don't resolve generic impls that may be shadowed by dyn built-in impls
• The new impl From<{&,&mut} [T; N]> for Vec<T> is known to cause some inference failures with overly-generic code. In those examples using the tui crate, the combination of AsRef<_> and Into<Vec> leaves the middle type ambiguous, and the new impl adds another possibility, so it now requires an explicit type annotation.

Internal Changes

These changes do not affect any public interfaces of Rust, but they represent significant improvements to the performance or internals of rustc and related tools.

None this cycle.

Rust 1.73.0

Language

• Uplift clippy::fn_null_check lint as useless_ptr_null_checks.
• Make noop_method_call warn by default.
• Support interpolated block for try and async in macros.
• Make unconditional_recursion lint detect recursive drops.
• Future compatibility warning for some impls being incorrectly considered not overlapping.
• The invalid_reference_casting lint is now deny-by-default (instead of allow-by-default)

Compiler

• Write version information in a .comment section like GCC/Clang.
• Add documentation on v0 symbol mangling.
• Stabilize extern "thiscall" and "thiscall-unwind" ABIs.
• Only check outlives goals on impl compared to trait.
• Infer type in irrefutable slice patterns with fixed length as array.
• Discard default auto trait impls if explicit ones exist.
• Add several new tier 3 targets:
  • aarch64-unknown-teeos
  • csky-unknown-linux-gnuabiv2
  • riscv64-linux-android
  • riscv64gc-unknown-hermit
  • x86_64-unikraft-linux-musl
  • x86_64-unknown-linux-ohos
• Add wasm32-wasi-preview1-threads as a tier 2 target.

Refer to Rust's platform support page for more information on Rust's tiered platform support.

Libraries

• Add Read, Write and Seek impls for Arc<File>.
• Merge functionality of io::Sink into io::Empty.
• Implement RefUnwindSafe for Backtrace
• Make ExitStatus implement Default
• impl SliceIndex<str> for (Bound<usize>, Bound<usize>)
• Change default panic handler message format.
• Cleaner assert_eq! & assert_ne! panic messages.
• Correct the (deprecated) Android stat struct definitions.

Stabilized APIs

• Unsigned {integer}::div_ceil
• Unsigned {integer}::next_multiple_of
• Unsigned {integer}::checked_next_multiple_of
• std::ffi::FromBytesUntilNulError
• std::os::unix::fs::chown
• std::os::unix::fs::fchown
• std::os::unix::fs::lchown
• LocalKey::<Cell<T>>::get
• LocalKey::<Cell<T>>::set
• LocalKey::<Cell<T>>::take
• LocalKey::<Cell<T>>::replace
• LocalKey::<RefCell<T>>::with_borrow
• LocalKey::<RefCell<T>>::with_borrow_mut
• LocalKey::<RefCell<T>>::set
• LocalKey::<RefCell<T>>::take
• LocalKey::<RefCell<T>>::replace

These APIs are now stable in const contexts:

• rc::Weak::new
• sync::Weak::new
• NonNull::as_ref

Cargo

• Bail out an error when using cargo:: in custom build script.

Misc

Compatibility Notes

• Update the minimum external LLVM to 15.
• Check for non-defining uses of return position impl Trait.

Internal Changes

These changes do not affect any public interfaces of Rust, but they represent significant improvements to the performance or internals of rustc and related tools.

• Remove LLVM pointee types, supporting only opaque pointers.
• Port PGO/LTO/BOLT optimized build pipeline to Rust.
• Replace in-tree rustc_apfloat with the new version of the crate.
• Update to LLVM 17.
• Add internal_features lint for internal unstable features.
• Mention style for new syntax in tracking issue template.