Add regression test for issue-59311

Author: JohnTitor

src/test/ui/higher-rank-trait-bounds/issue-59311.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+// Regression test for #59311. The test is taken from
+// rust-lang/rust/issues/71546#issuecomment-620638437
+// as they seem to have the same cause.
+
+pub trait T {
+    fn t<F: Fn()>(&self, _: F) {}
+}
+
+pub fn crash<V>(v: &V)
+where
+    for<'a> &'a V: T + 'static,
+{
+    v.t(|| {}); //~ ERROR: higher-ranked subtype error
+}
+
+fn main() {}

src/test/ui/higher-rank-trait-bounds/issue-59311.stderr

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+error: higher-ranked subtype error
+  --> $DIR/issue-59311.rs:13:9
+   |
+LL |     v.t(|| {});
+   |         ^^^^^
+
+error: aborting due to previous error
+