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Versioning and Releases

Below is info on how we version releases, and how the releases themselves are created. Note that development is done on the main branch, so if you want to use a more stable version you should use one of the releases or install from pypi using pip install cirq. The release from the latest commit to main can be installed with pip install cirq~=1.0.dev.

Versioning

We follow semantic versioning for labeling our releases. Versions are labeled MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH where each of these is a numerical value. The following guarantees are provided:

  1. All packages released at the same time from the Cirq repository will share the same Semantic Versioning 2.0.0 number.
    1. Packages may have different version numbers in the future, at which point this policy will be updated.
  2. Libraries in the cirq-core directory (with the exception of cirq-core/cirq/contrib) adhere to the guarantees outlined in the Semantic Versioning specification. In summary: “Bug fixes not affecting the API increment the patch version, backwards compatible API additions/changes increment the minor version, and backwards incompatible API changes increment the major version.”
  3. The contrib directory (at cirq-core/cirq/contrib) follows Semantic Versioning except the MINOR version increment policy: releases with MINOR version increments may contain backward-incompatible functionality changes to its public API.
    1. May be changed to strictly follow Semantic Versioning in the future, at which point this policy will be updated.
  4. Cirq vendor directories (cirq-aqt, cirq-google, cirq-ionq, etc.) follow Semantic Versioning except the MINOR version increment policy: each vendor directory has a separate policy on whether MINOR version increments provide backward-compatibility guarantees, as described in version_policy.md in the respective directory.
    1. If version_policy.md does not exist in a particular vendor directory, MINOR version increments may contain backward-incompatible functionality changes to its public API.
    2. For each vendor directory, version policies may be modified to strictly follow Semantic Versioning in the future.
  5. Versions based on unreleased branches of main will be suffixed with ".dev".

The rules for version changes are:

  • Increment the PATCH version if all changes are bug fixes only.
  • Increment the MINOR version if changes contain functionalities which are backward-compatible, or if a vendor directory or contrib contains backward-incompatible changes and the policy for the directory allows backward-incompatible changes for a minor version increment.

A major version increment process has not been established. Until then, backward-incompatible changes are not allowed for cirq-core and vendor directories that prohibit them for a minor version increment.

Releases

We use github's release system for creating releases. Release are listed on the Cirq release page.

Our development process uses the main branch for development. Main will always use the next unreleased minor version with the suffix of ".dev". When a release is performed, the ".dev" will be removed and tagged in a release branch with a version tag (vX.X.X). Then, main will be updated to the next minor version. This can always be found in the version file.

Release Schedule

Releases are made on an as-needed basis determined by Cirq maintainers. All Cirq packages (including vendor packages such as cirq-aqt) are released at the same time.

Before you release: flush the deprecation backlog

Ensure that all the deprecations are removed that were meant to be deprecated for the given release. E.g. if you want to release v0.11, you can check with git grep 'v0.11' for all the lines containing this deadline. Make sure none of those are released.

Release Procedure

This procedure can be followed by authorized cirq developers to perform a release.

Preparation

System requirements: Linux, python3.10

For MINOR / MAJOR release: Make sure you're on an up-to-date main branch and in cirq's root directory.

git checkout main
git pull origin main  # or upstream main
git status  # should be no pending changes

For PATCH update: Make sure you checked out the version you want to patch. Typically this will be something like ${MAJOR}.${MINOR}.${LAST_PATCH}

git fetch origin # or upstream - to fetch all tags
git checkout <desired tag to patch>   
git status  # should be no pending changes

Ensure you have pypi and test pypi accounts with access to cirq distribution. This can be done by visiting test.pypi.org, logging in, and accessing the cirq distribution.

For the following script to work, you will need the following env variables defined: TEST_TWINE_USERNAME, TEST_TWINE_PASSWORD, PROD_TWINE_USERNAME, PROD_TWINE_PASSWORD.

It is highly recommended to use different passwords for test and prod to avoid accidentally pushing to prod.

Also define these variables for the versions you are releasing:

VER=VERSION_YOU_WANT_TO_RELEASE  # e.g. "0.7.0"
NEXT_VER=NEXT_VERSION  # e.g. "0.8.0" (skip for PATCH releases)

Create release branch

Create a release branch called "v${VERSION}-dev":

git checkout -b "v${VER}-dev"

If you are doing a PATCH update, also cherrypick the commits for the fixes you want to include in your update and resolve all potential merge conflicts carefully:

git cherry-pick <commit>

Bump the version on the release branch:

python dev_tools/modules.py replace_version --old ${VER}.dev --new ${VER} 
git add .
git commit -m "Removing ${VER}.dev -> ${VER}"
git push origin "v${VER}-dev"

Bump the main version

WARNING: Only bump the main version for minor and major releases, for PATCH updates, leave it as it is.

git checkout main -b "version_bump_${NEXT_VER}"
python dev_tools/modules.py replace_version --old ${VER}.dev --new ${NEXT_VER}.dev
git add .
git commit -m "Bump cirq version to ${NEXT_VER}"
git push origin "version_bump_${NEXT_VER}"

The main branch should never see a non-dev version specifier.

Create distribution wheel

From release branch, create a binary distribution wheel. This is the package that will go to pypi.

git checkout "v${VER}-dev"
./dev_tools/packaging/produce-package.sh dist
ls dist  # should only contain one file, for each modules

Push to test pypi

The package server pypi has a test server where packages can be uploaded to check that they work correctly before pushing the real version. This section illustrates how to upload the package to test pypi and verify that it works.

First, upload the package in the dist/ directory. (Ensure that this is the only package in this directory, or modify the commands to upload only this file).

twine upload --repository-url=https://test.pypi.org/legacy/ -u="$TEST_TWINE_USERNAME" -p="$TEST_TWINE_PASSWORD" "dist/*"

Next, run automated verification.

Note: sometimes the first verification from test pypi will fail.

# NOTE: FIRST RUN WILL LIKELY FAIL - pypi might not have yet indexed the version
./dev_tools/packaging/verify-published-package.sh "${VER}" --test

Once this runs, you can create a virtual environment to perform manual verification as a sanity check and to check version number and any high-risk features that have changed this release.

mkvirtualenv "verify_test_${VER}" --python=/usr/bin/python3
pip install -r dev_tools/requirements/dev.env.txt
pip install --index-url=https://test.pypi.org/simple/ cirq=="${VER}"
python -c "import cirq; print(cirq.__version__)"
python  # just do some stuff checking that latest features are present

Draft release notes and email

Put together a release notes document that can be used as part of a release and for an announcement email.

You can model the release notes on the previous release from the Release page.

  1. Fill out the new version in "Tag Version" and choose your release branch to create the tag from.
  2. Attach the generated whl file to the release

Retrieve all commits since the last release with: git log "--pretty=%h %s".

You can get the changes to the top-level objects and protocols by checking the history of the init files. git diff <previous version>..HEAD cirq-core/cirq/__init__.py

You can get the contributing authors for the release by running: git log <previous version>..HEAD --pretty="%an" | sort | uniq | sed ':a;N;$!ba;s/\n/, /g'

cirq-google Changelog

Add cirq-google release notes to cirq-google/CHANGELOG.md following the changelog format

Release to prod pypi

Upload to prod pypi using the following command:

twine upload --username="$PROD_TWINE_USERNAME" --password="$PROD_TWINE_PASSWORD" "dist/*"

Perform automated verification tests:

# NOTE: FIRST RUN WILL LIKELY FAIL - pypi might not have yet indexed the version
./dev_tools/packaging/verify-published-package.sh "${VER}" --prod

Next, create a virtual environment to perform manual verification of the release.

mkvirtualenv "verify_${VER}" --python=/usr/bin/python3
pip install cirq
python -c "import cirq; print(cirq.__version__)"

Create the release

Using the information above, create the release on the Release page. Be sure to include the whl file as an attachment.

Release PR for notebooks

If there are unreleased notebooks, that are under testing (NOTEBOOKS_DEPENDING_ON_UNRELEASED_FEATURES is not empty in dev_tools/notebooks/isolated_notebook_test.py), follow the steps in our notebooks guide.

Create zenodo release

Got to the Zenodo release page. Login using credentials within Google's internal password utility (or get someone from Google to do this). Click "New Version".

  • Upload the new zip file (found in releases page under "assets").
  • Remove old zip file.
  • Update version.
  • Double check all other fields.
  • Click publish.

Email cirq-announce

Lastly, email [email protected] with the release notes and an announcement of the new version.

Congratulate yourself for a well done release!