3_Hands_on.ipynb

{
  "cells": [
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "view-in-github",
        "colab_type": "text"
      },
      "source": [
        "<a href=\"https://colab.research.google.com/github/mathiasfls/Foundations-of-Cultural-and-Social-Data-Analysis/blob/main/3_Hands_on.ipynb\" target=\"_parent\"><img src=\"https://colab.research.google.com/assets/colab-badge.svg\" alt=\"Open In Colab\"/></a>"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "metadata": {
        "id": "AnIQaraU6m-t"
      },
      "source": [
        "\n",
        "#**Week 3 - Asking questions with Pandas**\n",
        "\n"
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Python Pandas is a powerful library for data analysis that provides a wide range of tools for working with structured data in Python. It is widely used in data science and analytics due to its ability to handle a variety of data formats such as CSV, Excel, SQL databases, and more.\n",
        "\n",
        "Pandas provides various features to manipulate, clean, and preprocess data, such as removing missing values, filling in missing values, grouping data, and filtering data based on specific criteria. Additionally, Pandas provides statistical functions, such as mean, median, and standard deviation, that allow you to quickly analyze and understand your data.\n",
        "\n",
        "One of the key features of Pandas is its ability to handle large datasets efficiently. Pandas optimizes memory usage, which enables you to work with large datasets without running out of memory. It also provides powerful indexing and querying capabilities, which allows you to access and retrieve specific data from large datasets quickly.\n",
        "\n",
        "Another important feature of Pandas is its ability to create data visualizations. It provides integration with Matplotlib and Seaborn, two popular data visualization libraries, which makes it easy to create various types of visualizations, such as scatter plots, histograms, and line charts. This makes it easier to understand and communicate insights from your data to stakeholders.\n",
        "\n",
        "In summary, Python Pandas is a crucial library for data analysis, as it provides a wide range of tools for handling, analyzing, and visualizing data. Its ability to handle large datasets, optimize memory usage, and create data visualizations makes it an essential tool for data scientists, analysts, and researchers.\n",
        "\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "VLxq_oUIADMs"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Dropping columns"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "oQGFlCizCUuz"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#import libraries\n",
        "import csv\n",
        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "import numpy as np"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0Bp0va7rA0Db"
      },
      "execution_count": 29,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create an example dataframe\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame({\n",
        "    'Student ID': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15],\n",
        "    'Math': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15),\n",
        "    'Science': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15),\n",
        "    'History': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15),\n",
        "    'English': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15),\n",
        "    'Art': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15),\n",
        "    'Physical Education': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15),\n",
        "    'Music': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15),\n",
        "    'Social Studies': np.random.randint(50, 100, 15)\n",
        "})\n",
        "\n",
        "# Print the dataframe\n",
        "print(df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "fTKmRk3sftqa",
        "outputId": "783ba971-2c82-4821-8b3f-6e24c2e489a4"
      },
      "execution_count": 30,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "    Student ID  Math  Science  History  English  Art  Physical Education  \\\n",
            "0            1    58       58       68       85   83                  87   \n",
            "1            2    98       74       82       82   50                  89   \n",
            "2            3    81       74       73       65   82                  67   \n",
            "3            4    78       61       68       98   76                  54   \n",
            "4            5    75       82       60       96   91                  58   \n",
            "5            6    64       96       64       78   80                  75   \n",
            "6            7    60       90       88       96   86                  53   \n",
            "7            8    72       66       51       67   89                  54   \n",
            "8            9    81       91       91       54   52                  74   \n",
            "9           10    89       69       59       92   53                  96   \n",
            "10          11    56       55       92       55   63                  63   \n",
            "11          12    81       61       54       74   77                  96   \n",
            "12          13    92       86       92       77   73                  58   \n",
            "13          14    99       51       70       54   74                  73   \n",
            "14          15    56       82       87       64   70                  83   \n",
            "\n",
            "    Music  Social Studies  \n",
            "0      91              51  \n",
            "1      85              63  \n",
            "2      71              70  \n",
            "3      92              83  \n",
            "4      94              72  \n",
            "5      50              70  \n",
            "6      78              65  \n",
            "7      65              78  \n",
            "8      69              78  \n",
            "9      51              72  \n",
            "10     93              65  \n",
            "11     90              86  \n",
            "12     96              81  \n",
            "13     85              70  \n",
            "14     69              51  \n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "1.  **Example** of how you can drop the Student ID column from the DataFrame:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "HDY3Ky2-f7p-"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Drop the 'Student ID' column\n",
        "df1 = df.drop('Student ID', axis=1)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Print the modified dataframe\n",
        "print(df1)\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "J9Q55VjsgJWh",
        "outputId": "4cbce53b-e296-4c06-d655-bf5291441de5"
      },
      "execution_count": 35,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "    Math  Science  History  English  Art  Physical Education  Music  \\\n",
            "0     58       58       68       85   83                  87     91   \n",
            "1     98       74       82       82   50                  89     85   \n",
            "2     81       74       73       65   82                  67     71   \n",
            "3     78       61       68       98   76                  54     92   \n",
            "4     75       82       60       96   91                  58     94   \n",
            "5     64       96       64       78   80                  75     50   \n",
            "6     60       90       88       96   86                  53     78   \n",
            "7     72       66       51       67   89                  54     65   \n",
            "8     81       91       91       54   52                  74     69   \n",
            "9     89       69       59       92   53                  96     51   \n",
            "10    56       55       92       55   63                  63     93   \n",
            "11    81       61       54       74   77                  96     90   \n",
            "12    92       86       92       77   73                  58     96   \n",
            "13    99       51       70       54   74                  73     85   \n",
            "14    56       82       87       64   70                  83     69   \n",
            "\n",
            "    Social Studies  \n",
            "0               51  \n",
            "1               63  \n",
            "2               70  \n",
            "3               83  \n",
            "4               72  \n",
            "5               70  \n",
            "6               65  \n",
            "7               78  \n",
            "8               78  \n",
            "9               72  \n",
            "10              65  \n",
            "11              86  \n",
            "12              81  \n",
            "13              70  \n",
            "14              51  \n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "This code uses the drop() function to remove the Student ID column from the DataFrame. The axis=1 parameter specifies that the column should be dropped, and not a row. The modified DataFrame is then assigned back to the df variable. Finally, the modified DataFrame is printed to the console using the print() function.\n",
        "\n",
        "Note that you can also drop multiple columns at once by passing a list of column names to the drop() function:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "x9a5QjD6gS7g"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Drop the 'Student ID' and 'Music' columns\n",
        "df1 = df.drop(['Student ID', 'Music'], axis=1)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Print the modified dataframe\n",
        "print(df1)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "YqKuwbpSgcqv",
        "outputId": "fb7494db-565d-4396-ce79-689b14452f32"
      },
      "execution_count": 34,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "    Math  Science  History  English  Art  Physical Education  Social Studies\n",
            "0     58       58       68       85   83                  87              51\n",
            "1     98       74       82       82   50                  89              63\n",
            "2     81       74       73       65   82                  67              70\n",
            "3     78       61       68       98   76                  54              83\n",
            "4     75       82       60       96   91                  58              72\n",
            "5     64       96       64       78   80                  75              70\n",
            "6     60       90       88       96   86                  53              65\n",
            "7     72       66       51       67   89                  54              78\n",
            "8     81       91       91       54   52                  74              78\n",
            "9     89       69       59       92   53                  96              72\n",
            "10    56       55       92       55   63                  63              65\n",
            "11    81       61       54       74   77                  96              86\n",
            "12    92       86       92       77   73                  58              81\n",
            "13    99       51       70       54   74                  73              70\n",
            "14    56       82       87       64   70                  83              51\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "In this case, the drop() function removes both the Student ID and Music columns from the DataFrame.\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gSSkSrM1gqtC"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Filtering data"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "g_iFTBzOhTNL"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Filtering data with Pandas refers to the process of selecting a subset of rows or columns from a DataFrame based on certain criteria. This is a common operation in data analysis and allows you to focus on specific parts of the data that are of interest to you.\n",
        "\n",
        "In Pandas, filtering is typically done using boolean indexing. You create a boolean mask that specifies the condition you want to apply to the data, and then pass that mask to the DataFrame using square brackets. The DataFrame will return only the rows or columns that meet the specified condition.\n",
        "\n",
        "For example, let's say you have a DataFrame of sales data and you want to filter the data to include only sales that occurred in January. You can do this using boolean indexing as follows:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "8G9OGMiFhqw5"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df = pd.DataFrame({\n",
        "    'Month': ['January', 'January', 'February', 'February', 'March', 'March'],\n",
        "    'Sales': [1000, 1500, 2000, 3000, 2500, 3500]\n",
        "})\n",
        "\n",
        "# filter the data to include only sales that occurred in January\n",
        "jan_sales = df[df['Month'] == 'January']\n",
        "\n",
        "# print the filtered data\n",
        "print(jan_sales)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "0E6byXQ2hSmJ",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "b79e0bd5-eb65-4808-e3fd-c6b5a64b749e"
      },
      "execution_count": 36,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "     Month  Sales\n",
            "0  January   1000\n",
            "1  January   1500\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "In this example, we use boolean indexing to create a mask that checks whether each value in the 'Month' column is equal to 'January'. We then pass this mask to the DataFrame using square brackets to create a new DataFrame that includes only the rows where the 'Month' column is equal to 'January'. We assign this filtered DataFrame to the jan_sales variable and print it to the console using the print() function.\n",
        "\n",
        "Note that you can apply multiple conditions to filter the data, and you can use operators such as & (and) and | (or) to combine conditions. For more information on filtering data with Pandas, refer to the Pandas documentation."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "YlTmLyRohwun"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Some filters examples**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "h3BONw5Bh1H_"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#read dataset\n",
        "data_url=\"https://github.com/mathiasfls/Foundations-of-Cultural-and-Social-Data-Analysis/blob/51903b658d3daeaf482ef6f54a28dd0e24e76169/data/employee_data.csv?raw=true\"\n",
        "df = pd.read_csv(data_url)\n",
        "df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 206
        },
        "id": "Q7UUldyc4fkA",
        "outputId": "8ec784b4-1cb4-44b5-ac93-22df26e55251"
      },
      "execution_count": 38,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "      Name Department  Salary  Age Gender  Tenure Education Level Job Title  \\\n",
              "0    Alice      Sales   43800   43      F       6         College  Director   \n",
              "1      Bob      Sales  100165   39      M       2        Graduate   Manager   \n",
              "2  Charlie         HR   88019   59      F       7     High School  Director   \n",
              "3     Dave         HR  111598   47      M       7        Graduate   Manager   \n",
              "4      Eve      Sales   83947   59      M       1     High School  Director   \n",
              "\n",
              "   Performance Rating  Bonus  \n",
              "0                   1  16863  \n",
              "1                   3   7700  \n",
              "2                   1  10794  \n",
              "3                   3   9564  \n",
              "4                   4   6726  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-d59bc055-d66b-4873-8556-3508408f91b6\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Department</th>\n",
              "      <th>Salary</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Tenure</th>\n",
              "      <th>Education Level</th>\n",
              "      <th>Job Title</th>\n",
              "      <th>Performance Rating</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bonus</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>43800</td>\n",
              "      <td>43</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>16863</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>100165</td>\n",
              "      <td>39</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>7700</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Charlie</td>\n",
              "      <td>HR</td>\n",
              "      <td>88019</td>\n",
              "      <td>59</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>10794</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Dave</td>\n",
              "      <td>HR</td>\n",
              "      <td>111598</td>\n",
              "      <td>47</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>9564</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>83947</td>\n",
              "      <td>59</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>6726</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-d59bc055-d66b-4873-8556-3508408f91b6')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-d59bc055-d66b-4873-8556-3508408f91b6 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-d59bc055-d66b-4873-8556-3508408f91b6');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 38
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by department:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "IkrZjTN79tsA"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Show only the employees in the Sales department\n",
        "df1 = df[df['Department'] == 'Sales']\n",
        "df1.head(10)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 238
        },
        "id": "sa9rbQlc99KT",
        "outputId": "38df23e8-16fa-496b-f3b0-39e1d1c91dc1"
      },
      "execution_count": 39,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "      Name Department  Salary  Age Gender  Tenure Education Level Job Title  \\\n",
              "0    Alice      Sales   43800   43      F       6         College  Director   \n",
              "1      Bob      Sales  100165   39      M       2        Graduate   Manager   \n",
              "4      Eve      Sales   83947   59      M       1     High School  Director   \n",
              "7    Harry      Sales   40701   33      F       4         College   Analyst   \n",
              "8   Isabel      Sales  106688   21      M       1         College  Director   \n",
              "13   Nancy      Sales   87216   50      M       8        Graduate  Director   \n",
              "\n",
              "    Performance Rating  Bonus  \n",
              "0                    1  16863  \n",
              "1                    3   7700  \n",
              "4                    4   6726  \n",
              "7                    4   4704  \n",
              "8                    1  10613  \n",
              "13                   1   1860  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-1f16eb27-4aa9-4f1d-b43b-d22c57751161\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Department</th>\n",
              "      <th>Salary</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Tenure</th>\n",
              "      <th>Education Level</th>\n",
              "      <th>Job Title</th>\n",
              "      <th>Performance Rating</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bonus</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>43800</td>\n",
              "      <td>43</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>16863</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>100165</td>\n",
              "      <td>39</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>7700</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>83947</td>\n",
              "      <td>59</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>6726</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>7</th>\n",
              "      <td>Harry</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>40701</td>\n",
              "      <td>33</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Analyst</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>4704</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8</th>\n",
              "      <td>Isabel</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>106688</td>\n",
              "      <td>21</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>10613</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>13</th>\n",
              "      <td>Nancy</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>87216</td>\n",
              "      <td>50</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1860</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-1f16eb27-4aa9-4f1d-b43b-d22c57751161')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-1f16eb27-4aa9-4f1d-b43b-d22c57751161 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-1f16eb27-4aa9-4f1d-b43b-d22c57751161');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 39
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by age:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "rAveba-j-EQZ"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1 = df[df['Age'] > 40]\n",
        "#df1 = df[df['Age'] < 40]\n",
        "df1.head(15)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 394
        },
        "id": "xFpJTWFt-Mrj",
        "outputId": "e8df7ed1-e665-4cd2-dd35-3fc5f5041bf3"
      },
      "execution_count": 41,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "       Name   Department  Salary  Age Gender  Tenure Education Level  \\\n",
              "0     Alice        Sales   43800   43      F       6         College   \n",
              "2   Charlie           HR   88019   59      F       7     High School   \n",
              "3      Dave           HR  111598   47      M       7        Graduate   \n",
              "4       Eve        Sales   83947   59      M       1     High School   \n",
              "5     Frank   Operations  116380   59      M       1     High School   \n",
              "6     Grace   Operations   92908   51      M       9     High School   \n",
              "9      Jack   Operations   74137   58      F       9        Graduate   \n",
              "10    Karen  Engineering   60136   55      F       9         College   \n",
              "11     Liam    Marketing   92733   50      F       3     High School   \n",
              "13    Nancy        Sales   87216   50      M       8        Graduate   \n",
              "14   Oliver   Operations   61058   43      F       7     High School   \n",
              "\n",
              "   Job Title  Performance Rating  Bonus  \n",
              "0   Director                   1  16863  \n",
              "2   Director                   1  10794  \n",
              "3    Manager                   3   9564  \n",
              "4   Director                   4   6726  \n",
              "5   Director                   3   3027  \n",
              "6   Director                   4   8444  \n",
              "9   Director                   4  15697  \n",
              "10   Manager                   2  17423  \n",
              "11   Analyst                   4   8340  \n",
              "13  Director                   1   1860  \n",
              "14   Manager                   2  12854  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-c462a142-fa88-4258-b247-b888cf49b274\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Department</th>\n",
              "      <th>Salary</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Tenure</th>\n",
              "      <th>Education Level</th>\n",
              "      <th>Job Title</th>\n",
              "      <th>Performance Rating</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bonus</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>43800</td>\n",
              "      <td>43</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>16863</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Charlie</td>\n",
              "      <td>HR</td>\n",
              "      <td>88019</td>\n",
              "      <td>59</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>10794</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Dave</td>\n",
              "      <td>HR</td>\n",
              "      <td>111598</td>\n",
              "      <td>47</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>9564</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>83947</td>\n",
              "      <td>59</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>6726</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <td>Frank</td>\n",
              "      <td>Operations</td>\n",
              "      <td>116380</td>\n",
              "      <td>59</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>3027</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>Grace</td>\n",
              "      <td>Operations</td>\n",
              "      <td>92908</td>\n",
              "      <td>51</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>8444</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <td>Jack</td>\n",
              "      <td>Operations</td>\n",
              "      <td>74137</td>\n",
              "      <td>58</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>15697</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>Karen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Engineering</td>\n",
              "      <td>60136</td>\n",
              "      <td>55</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>17423</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11</th>\n",
              "      <td>Liam</td>\n",
              "      <td>Marketing</td>\n",
              "      <td>92733</td>\n",
              "      <td>50</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Analyst</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>8340</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>13</th>\n",
              "      <td>Nancy</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>87216</td>\n",
              "      <td>50</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1860</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>14</th>\n",
              "      <td>Oliver</td>\n",
              "      <td>Operations</td>\n",
              "      <td>61058</td>\n",
              "      <td>43</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>12854</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-c462a142-fa88-4258-b247-b888cf49b274')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-c462a142-fa88-4258-b247-b888cf49b274 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-c462a142-fa88-4258-b247-b888cf49b274');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 41
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by gender and job title**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "72ONVrWO-WqW"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1 =df[(df['Gender'] == 'F') & (df['Job Title'] == 'Manager')]\n",
        "#df1 =df[(df['Gender'] == 'M') & (df['Job Title'] == 'Manager')]\n",
        "df1.head(15)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 112
        },
        "id": "CZ5XmQk--ZTG",
        "outputId": "eaae15d4-ec55-42bc-d1b8-231cc2cb3436"
      },
      "execution_count": 45,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "      Name   Department  Salary  Age Gender  Tenure Education Level Job Title  \\\n",
              "10   Karen  Engineering   60136   55      F       9         College   Manager   \n",
              "14  Oliver   Operations   61058   43      F       7     High School   Manager   \n",
              "\n",
              "    Performance Rating  Bonus  \n",
              "10                   2  17423  \n",
              "14                   2  12854  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-c2ef575e-3ca0-4ee5-b285-4e8fd1085d09\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Department</th>\n",
              "      <th>Salary</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Tenure</th>\n",
              "      <th>Education Level</th>\n",
              "      <th>Job Title</th>\n",
              "      <th>Performance Rating</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bonus</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>Karen</td>\n",
              "      <td>Engineering</td>\n",
              "      <td>60136</td>\n",
              "      <td>55</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>17423</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>14</th>\n",
              "      <td>Oliver</td>\n",
              "      <td>Operations</td>\n",
              "      <td>61058</td>\n",
              "      <td>43</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>High School</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>12854</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-c2ef575e-3ca0-4ee5-b285-4e8fd1085d09')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-c2ef575e-3ca0-4ee5-b285-4e8fd1085d09 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-c2ef575e-3ca0-4ee5-b285-4e8fd1085d09');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 45
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by performance rating and bonus:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "DQq7wNJD-lcm"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1 = df[(df['Performance Rating'] >= 3) & (df['Bonus'] >= 10000)]\n",
        "df1.head(15)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 112
        },
        "id": "ucv3FqoQ-vZU",
        "outputId": "6ed82b5c-fe82-4bab-e994-a84369eed334"
      },
      "execution_count": 46,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "    Name   Department  Salary  Age Gender  Tenure Education Level Job Title  \\\n",
              "9   Jack   Operations   74137   58      F       9        Graduate  Director   \n",
              "12  Mary  Engineering   71046   39      M       2         College  Director   \n",
              "\n",
              "    Performance Rating  Bonus  \n",
              "9                    4  15697  \n",
              "12                   3  10870  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-7cc20a07-d3b2-425b-9ac3-711438a8d16c\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Department</th>\n",
              "      <th>Salary</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Tenure</th>\n",
              "      <th>Education Level</th>\n",
              "      <th>Job Title</th>\n",
              "      <th>Performance Rating</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bonus</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <td>Jack</td>\n",
              "      <td>Operations</td>\n",
              "      <td>74137</td>\n",
              "      <td>58</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>15697</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>12</th>\n",
              "      <td>Mary</td>\n",
              "      <td>Engineering</td>\n",
              "      <td>71046</td>\n",
              "      <td>39</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>College</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>10870</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-7cc20a07-d3b2-425b-9ac3-711438a8d16c')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-7cc20a07-d3b2-425b-9ac3-711438a8d16c button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-7cc20a07-d3b2-425b-9ac3-711438a8d16c');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 46
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by education level and tenure:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "op9qof_p-xos"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1 =df[(df['Tenure'] >= 5) & (df['Education Level'] == 'Graduate')]\n",
        "df1.head(15)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 143
        },
        "id": "nenIw6Z5-0CE",
        "outputId": "e90bea28-7354-4265-cbd6-ce6bd7ab8bee"
      },
      "execution_count": 47,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     Name  Department  Salary  Age Gender  Tenure Education Level Job Title  \\\n",
              "3    Dave          HR  111598   47      M       7        Graduate   Manager   \n",
              "9    Jack  Operations   74137   58      F       9        Graduate  Director   \n",
              "13  Nancy       Sales   87216   50      M       8        Graduate  Director   \n",
              "\n",
              "    Performance Rating  Bonus  \n",
              "3                    3   9564  \n",
              "9                    4  15697  \n",
              "13                   1   1860  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-6931ffb2-00c1-4ec7-8403-44a1f68cd5c8\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Department</th>\n",
              "      <th>Salary</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Tenure</th>\n",
              "      <th>Education Level</th>\n",
              "      <th>Job Title</th>\n",
              "      <th>Performance Rating</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bonus</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Dave</td>\n",
              "      <td>HR</td>\n",
              "      <td>111598</td>\n",
              "      <td>47</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>9564</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <td>Jack</td>\n",
              "      <td>Operations</td>\n",
              "      <td>74137</td>\n",
              "      <td>58</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>4</td>\n",
              "      <td>15697</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>13</th>\n",
              "      <td>Nancy</td>\n",
              "      <td>Sales</td>\n",
              "      <td>87216</td>\n",
              "      <td>50</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Director</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>1860</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-6931ffb2-00c1-4ec7-8403-44a1f68cd5c8')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-6931ffb2-00c1-4ec7-8403-44a1f68cd5c8 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-6931ffb2-00c1-4ec7-8403-44a1f68cd5c8');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 47
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Suppose we want to filter the employees who meet the following criteria:**\n",
        "   \n",
        "1.  Work in the HR or Sales department\n",
        "2.  Have a salary greater than or equal to $80,000\n",
        "3.  Are male\n",
        "4.  Have a tenure of 5 years or more\n",
        "5.  Have a job title of Manager or Director\n",
        "6.  Have a performance rating of 4 or higher\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "    \n",
        "    \n",
        "    \n",
        "    \n",
        "    "
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "23kdTRl2_ViH"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "filtered_df = df[(df['Department'].isin(['HR', 'Sales'])) &\n",
        "                 (df['Salary'] >= 80000) &\n",
        "                 (df['Gender'] == 'M') &\n",
        "                 (df['Tenure'] >= 5) &\n",
        "                 (df['Job Title'].isin(['Manager', 'Director'])) &\n",
        "                 (df['Performance Rating'] >= 3)]\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "filtered_df.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 81
        },
        "id": "KvLqLFpN_XiS",
        "outputId": "1b73a813-6cde-421f-8180-722afa9f0982"
      },
      "execution_count": 48,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   Name Department  Salary  Age Gender  Tenure Education Level Job Title  \\\n",
              "3  Dave         HR  111598   47      M       7        Graduate   Manager   \n",
              "\n",
              "   Performance Rating  Bonus  \n",
              "3                   3   9564  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-7be5abcd-97b6-4e71-a86c-3489654447f8\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Department</th>\n",
              "      <th>Salary</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Tenure</th>\n",
              "      <th>Education Level</th>\n",
              "      <th>Job Title</th>\n",
              "      <th>Performance Rating</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bonus</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Dave</td>\n",
              "      <td>HR</td>\n",
              "      <td>111598</td>\n",
              "      <td>47</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>Graduate</td>\n",
              "      <td>Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>9564</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-7be5abcd-97b6-4e71-a86c-3489654447f8')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-7be5abcd-97b6-4e71-a86c-3489654447f8 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-7be5abcd-97b6-4e71-a86c-3489654447f8');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 48
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Students dataframe**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "GT6W1igAB9YB"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataset_url =\"https://github.com/mathiasfls/Foundations-of-Cultural-and-Social-Data-Analysis/blob/0f421dc746ffac65f8b1eac5164afff4c53751bd/data/students.csv?raw=true\"\n",
        "df = pd.read_csv(dataset_url)\n",
        "df.head(10)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 363
        },
        "id": "HGDtXCmGCCPQ",
        "outputId": "44d68e25-53d5-4b34-decc-53aa167dccb3"
      },
      "execution_count": 49,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "      Name  Age Gender             Major   GPA  Courses  Grad Year  \\\n",
              "0    Alice   21      M           History  3.11        5       2024   \n",
              "1      Bob   23      F       Mathematics  3.55        9       2022   \n",
              "2  Charlie   19      M           History  2.68        5       2025   \n",
              "3     Dave   20      F  Computer Science  4.00        8       2022   \n",
              "4      Eve   24      F  Computer Science  2.53       12       2024   \n",
              "5    Frank   23      M  Computer Science  3.20        2       2025   \n",
              "6    Grace   22      M           Biology  3.02       13       2024   \n",
              "7    Harry   20      M  Computer Science  2.70        3       2023   \n",
              "8   Isabel   19      M           History  3.36       12       2023   \n",
              "9     Jack   21      M           Biology  3.21       13       2025   \n",
              "\n",
              "       Advisor                Email         Phone  \n",
              "0  Dr. Johnson    alice@example.com  555-555-3077  \n",
              "1    Dr. Davis      bob@example.com  555-555-5952  \n",
              "2    Dr. Brown  charlie@example.com  555-555-4992  \n",
              "3    Dr. Smith     dave@example.com  555-555-8402  \n",
              "4  Dr. Johnson      eve@example.com  555-555-4505  \n",
              "5    Dr. Brown    frank@example.com  555-555-7133  \n",
              "6  Dr. Johnson    grace@example.com  555-555-8550  \n",
              "7  Dr. Johnson    harry@example.com  555-555-7564  \n",
              "8    Dr. Smith   isabel@example.com  555-555-3300  \n",
              "9  Dr. Johnson     jack@example.com  555-555-5175  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-0bbc1ec2-6cc1-4ca3-883c-cfa18e7dd6d8\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Major</th>\n",
              "      <th>GPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>Courses</th>\n",
              "      <th>Grad Year</th>\n",
              "      <th>Advisor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Email</th>\n",
              "      <th>Phone</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
              "      <td>21</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.11</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>alice@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3077</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Mathematics</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.55</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2022</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Davis</td>\n",
              "      <td>bob@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-5952</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Charlie</td>\n",
              "      <td>19</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.68</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>charlie@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4992</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Dave</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.00</td>\n",
              "      <td>8</td>\n",
              "      <td>2022</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Smith</td>\n",
              "      <td>dave@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-8402</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.53</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>eve@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4505</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <td>Frank</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.20</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>frank@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-7133</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>Grace</td>\n",
              "      <td>22</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Biology</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.02</td>\n",
              "      <td>13</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>grace@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-8550</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>7</th>\n",
              "      <td>Harry</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.70</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>2023</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>harry@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-7564</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8</th>\n",
              "      <td>Isabel</td>\n",
              "      <td>19</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.36</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2023</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Smith</td>\n",
              "      <td>isabel@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3300</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <td>Jack</td>\n",
              "      <td>21</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Biology</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.21</td>\n",
              "      <td>13</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>jack@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-5175</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-0bbc1ec2-6cc1-4ca3-883c-cfa18e7dd6d8')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-0bbc1ec2-6cc1-4ca3-883c-cfa18e7dd6d8 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-0bbc1ec2-6cc1-4ca3-883c-cfa18e7dd6d8');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 49
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by GPA range:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "yX8BxwdYCRVQ"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Show only the students who have a GPA between 3.5 and 4.0\n",
        "df1 = df[(df['GPA'] >= 2.5) & (df['GPA'] < 4)  ]\n",
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 206
        },
        "id": "lFOQCD_2CWYT",
        "outputId": "997921f1-c67b-4080-e1f3-1954737b8933"
      },
      "execution_count": 50,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "      Name  Age Gender             Major   GPA  Courses  Grad Year  \\\n",
              "0    Alice   21      M           History  3.11        5       2024   \n",
              "1      Bob   23      F       Mathematics  3.55        9       2022   \n",
              "2  Charlie   19      M           History  2.68        5       2025   \n",
              "4      Eve   24      F  Computer Science  2.53       12       2024   \n",
              "5    Frank   23      M  Computer Science  3.20        2       2025   \n",
              "\n",
              "       Advisor                Email         Phone  \n",
              "0  Dr. Johnson    alice@example.com  555-555-3077  \n",
              "1    Dr. Davis      bob@example.com  555-555-5952  \n",
              "2    Dr. Brown  charlie@example.com  555-555-4992  \n",
              "4  Dr. Johnson      eve@example.com  555-555-4505  \n",
              "5    Dr. Brown    frank@example.com  555-555-7133  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-7b7e399b-eefa-45a0-8f4f-1f3bff0a45b8\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Major</th>\n",
              "      <th>GPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>Courses</th>\n",
              "      <th>Grad Year</th>\n",
              "      <th>Advisor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Email</th>\n",
              "      <th>Phone</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
              "      <td>21</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.11</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>alice@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3077</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Mathematics</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.55</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2022</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Davis</td>\n",
              "      <td>bob@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-5952</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Charlie</td>\n",
              "      <td>19</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.68</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>charlie@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4992</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.53</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>eve@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4505</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <td>Frank</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.20</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>frank@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-7133</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-7b7e399b-eefa-45a0-8f4f-1f3bff0a45b8')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-7b7e399b-eefa-45a0-8f4f-1f3bff0a45b8 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-7b7e399b-eefa-45a0-8f4f-1f3bff0a45b8');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 50
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by major and graduation year:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "H25NEWQCCyM3"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Show only the students who are majoring in Computer Science and will graduate in 2023 or 2024\n",
        "df1 = df[(df['Major'] == 'Computer Science') & (df['Grad Year'].isin([2023, 2024]))]\n",
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 143
        },
        "id": "t3BYC-hbDFlP",
        "outputId": "bb00e620-536d-40fe-83f3-617fb95f927b"
      },
      "execution_count": 51,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "     Name  Age Gender             Major   GPA  Courses  Grad Year  \\\n",
              "4     Eve   24      F  Computer Science  2.53       12       2024   \n",
              "7   Harry   20      M  Computer Science  2.70        3       2023   \n",
              "11   Liam   20      F  Computer Science  3.91        5       2024   \n",
              "\n",
              "        Advisor              Email         Phone  \n",
              "4   Dr. Johnson    eve@example.com  555-555-4505  \n",
              "7   Dr. Johnson  harry@example.com  555-555-7564  \n",
              "11    Dr. Smith   liam@example.com  555-555-9119  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-52e179ed-2577-4f1d-8459-98b5b8bc5a60\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Major</th>\n",
              "      <th>GPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>Courses</th>\n",
              "      <th>Grad Year</th>\n",
              "      <th>Advisor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Email</th>\n",
              "      <th>Phone</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.53</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>eve@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4505</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>7</th>\n",
              "      <td>Harry</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.70</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>2023</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>harry@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-7564</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11</th>\n",
              "      <td>Liam</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.91</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Smith</td>\n",
              "      <td>liam@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-9119</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-52e179ed-2577-4f1d-8459-98b5b8bc5a60')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-52e179ed-2577-4f1d-8459-98b5b8bc5a60 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-52e179ed-2577-4f1d-8459-98b5b8bc5a60');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 51
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by number of courses taken:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "WH84Z9YcDJQi"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Show only the students who have taken more than 10 courses\n",
        "df1 = df[df['Courses'] > 10]\n",
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 206
        },
        "id": "9TXk_ftODOKr",
        "outputId": "b28d2317-d88e-4be9-c4f4-25828d541e8f"
      },
      "execution_count": 52,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "      Name  Age Gender             Major   GPA  Courses  Grad Year  \\\n",
              "4      Eve   24      F  Computer Science  2.53       12       2024   \n",
              "6    Grace   22      M           Biology  3.02       13       2024   \n",
              "8   Isabel   19      M           History  3.36       12       2023   \n",
              "9     Jack   21      M           Biology  3.21       13       2025   \n",
              "15   Peter   22      M           History  3.64       12       2023   \n",
              "\n",
              "        Advisor               Email         Phone  \n",
              "4   Dr. Johnson     eve@example.com  555-555-4505  \n",
              "6   Dr. Johnson   grace@example.com  555-555-8550  \n",
              "8     Dr. Smith  isabel@example.com  555-555-3300  \n",
              "9   Dr. Johnson    jack@example.com  555-555-5175  \n",
              "15    Dr. Brown   peter@example.com  555-555-3285  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-9b2eb114-c89b-4123-a434-dc63acad3f4b\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Major</th>\n",
              "      <th>GPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>Courses</th>\n",
              "      <th>Grad Year</th>\n",
              "      <th>Advisor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Email</th>\n",
              "      <th>Phone</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.53</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>eve@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4505</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>Grace</td>\n",
              "      <td>22</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Biology</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.02</td>\n",
              "      <td>13</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>grace@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-8550</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8</th>\n",
              "      <td>Isabel</td>\n",
              "      <td>19</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.36</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2023</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Smith</td>\n",
              "      <td>isabel@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3300</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <td>Jack</td>\n",
              "      <td>21</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Biology</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.21</td>\n",
              "      <td>13</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>jack@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-5175</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>15</th>\n",
              "      <td>Peter</td>\n",
              "      <td>22</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.64</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2023</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>peter@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3285</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-9b2eb114-c89b-4123-a434-dc63acad3f4b')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-9b2eb114-c89b-4123-a434-dc63acad3f4b button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-9b2eb114-c89b-4123-a434-dc63acad3f4b');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 52
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by advisor:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "1lSU6KyODUHy"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Show only the students who are advised by Dr. Brown\n",
        "df1 = df[df['Advisor'] == 'Dr. Brown']\n",
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 175
        },
        "id": "U6JGWWhWDVNg",
        "outputId": "7a0070a7-35c3-4a66-f0d7-24da1d189e1e"
      },
      "execution_count": 53,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "       Name  Age Gender             Major   GPA  Courses  Grad Year  \\\n",
              "2   Charlie   19      M           History  2.68        5       2025   \n",
              "5     Frank   23      M  Computer Science  3.20        2       2025   \n",
              "10    Karen   23      F       Mathematics  3.58        9       2025   \n",
              "15    Peter   22      M           History  3.64       12       2023   \n",
              "\n",
              "      Advisor                Email         Phone  \n",
              "2   Dr. Brown  charlie@example.com  555-555-4992  \n",
              "5   Dr. Brown    frank@example.com  555-555-7133  \n",
              "10  Dr. Brown    karen@example.com  555-555-3970  \n",
              "15  Dr. Brown    peter@example.com  555-555-3285  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-e5bc25c4-721b-4e91-9d5a-46efc7170f2f\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Major</th>\n",
              "      <th>GPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>Courses</th>\n",
              "      <th>Grad Year</th>\n",
              "      <th>Advisor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Email</th>\n",
              "      <th>Phone</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Charlie</td>\n",
              "      <td>19</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.68</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>charlie@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4992</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <td>Frank</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.20</td>\n",
              "      <td>2</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>frank@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-7133</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>Karen</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Mathematics</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.58</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>karen@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3970</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>15</th>\n",
              "      <td>Peter</td>\n",
              "      <td>22</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>History</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.64</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2023</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>peter@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3285</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-e5bc25c4-721b-4e91-9d5a-46efc7170f2f')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-e5bc25c4-721b-4e91-9d5a-46efc7170f2f button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-e5bc25c4-721b-4e91-9d5a-46efc7170f2f');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 53
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter by age and gender:**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "dceeQwTFDduc"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Show only the female students who are over 21 years old\n",
        "df1 = df[(df['Gender'] == 'F') & (df['Age'] > 21)]\n",
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 206
        },
        "id": "kmujTnVaDfWq",
        "outputId": "624b538b-4bcb-4218-8ba1-9601e3709561"
      },
      "execution_count": 54,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "      Name  Age Gender             Major   GPA  Courses  Grad Year  \\\n",
              "1      Bob   23      F       Mathematics  3.55        9       2022   \n",
              "4      Eve   24      F  Computer Science  2.53       12       2024   \n",
              "10   Karen   23      F       Mathematics  3.58        9       2025   \n",
              "12    Mary   24      F           Biology  3.50        3       2025   \n",
              "14  Oliver   24      F           Biology  2.94        3       2025   \n",
              "\n",
              "        Advisor               Email         Phone  \n",
              "1     Dr. Davis     bob@example.com  555-555-5952  \n",
              "4   Dr. Johnson     eve@example.com  555-555-4505  \n",
              "10    Dr. Brown   karen@example.com  555-555-3970  \n",
              "12  Dr. Johnson    mary@example.com  555-555-3729  \n",
              "14  Dr. Johnson  oliver@example.com  555-555-5085  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-f8369c32-e379-4968-86ad-56e5670a09e0\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Major</th>\n",
              "      <th>GPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>Courses</th>\n",
              "      <th>Grad Year</th>\n",
              "      <th>Advisor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Email</th>\n",
              "      <th>Phone</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Mathematics</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.55</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2022</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Davis</td>\n",
              "      <td>bob@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-5952</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Eve</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.53</td>\n",
              "      <td>12</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>eve@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-4505</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10</th>\n",
              "      <td>Karen</td>\n",
              "      <td>23</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Mathematics</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.58</td>\n",
              "      <td>9</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Brown</td>\n",
              "      <td>karen@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3970</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>12</th>\n",
              "      <td>Mary</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Biology</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.50</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>mary@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-3729</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>14</th>\n",
              "      <td>Oliver</td>\n",
              "      <td>24</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Biology</td>\n",
              "      <td>2.94</td>\n",
              "      <td>3</td>\n",
              "      <td>2025</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Johnson</td>\n",
              "      <td>oliver@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-5085</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-f8369c32-e379-4968-86ad-56e5670a09e0')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-f8369c32-e379-4968-86ad-56e5670a09e0 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-f8369c32-e379-4968-86ad-56e5670a09e0');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 54
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter the students who are majoring in Computer Science and have a GPA of 3.5 or higher, but only if their advisor is Dr. Smith and they are not graduating  in 2022**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "GNwlMwAgEaXJ"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1 = df[(df['Major'] == 'Computer Science') & (df['GPA'] >= 3.5) &\n",
        "                 (df['Advisor'] == 'Dr. Smith') & (df['Grad Year'] != 2022)]\n",
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 81
        },
        "id": "7DlPG9Z2Eb8l",
        "outputId": "355b49be-fb34-4128-98a0-dc70bd6033b9"
      },
      "execution_count": 55,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "    Name  Age Gender             Major   GPA  Courses  Grad Year    Advisor  \\\n",
              "11  Liam   20      F  Computer Science  3.91        5       2024  Dr. Smith   \n",
              "\n",
              "               Email         Phone  \n",
              "11  liam@example.com  555-555-9119  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-84c4c1c6-9ed2-4876-83b7-ec5e2f077a08\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>Name</th>\n",
              "      <th>Age</th>\n",
              "      <th>Gender</th>\n",
              "      <th>Major</th>\n",
              "      <th>GPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>Courses</th>\n",
              "      <th>Grad Year</th>\n",
              "      <th>Advisor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Email</th>\n",
              "      <th>Phone</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11</th>\n",
              "      <td>Liam</td>\n",
              "      <td>20</td>\n",
              "      <td>F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Computer Science</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.91</td>\n",
              "      <td>5</td>\n",
              "      <td>2024</td>\n",
              "      <td>Dr. Smith</td>\n",
              "      <td>liam@example.com</td>\n",
              "      <td>555-555-9119</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-84c4c1c6-9ed2-4876-83b7-ec5e2f077a08')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-84c4c1c6-9ed2-4876-83b7-ec5e2f077a08 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-84c4c1c6-9ed2-4876-83b7-ec5e2f077a08');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 55
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter the students who are majoring in Computer Science and have a GPA between 3.0 and 3.5, but only if they are not graduating in 2022 and their advisor's name contains 'B'**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xYFt7A--FjrA"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "df1 = df[(df['Major'] == 'Computer Science') & (df['GPA'].between(3.0, 3.5)) & (df['Grad Year'] != 2022) & (df['Advisor'].str.contains('B', regex=False))]\n",
        "df1.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "sYRmbY1FFm_4"
      },
      "execution_count": null,
      "outputs": []
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "We then filter the dataframe to include only the students who are majoring in Computer Science and have a GPA between 3.0 and 3.5, but only if they are not graduating in 2022 and their advisor's last name contains 'S'. We use the between() method to filter the GPA column to values within a range. We also use the str.contains() method to filter the Advisor name column to only include advisors whose last name contains 'S'. We store the filtered results in a new dataframe called df1, and then print the results to the console.\n",
        "\n",
        "This is an example of a complex filtering because it involves multiple conditions, including filtering on multiple columns, using a range to filter on one column, and using a string method to filter on another column."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "w-r5qY9yGkIB"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter rows where Name is 'Alice' OR Age is 35**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "HRYpfaGlBioA"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame\n",
        "data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'Dave'],\n",
        "        'Age': [25, 30, 35, 40],\n",
        "        'Gender': ['F', 'M', 'F', 'M']}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "filtered_df = df[(df['Name'] == 'Alice') | (df['Age'] == 35)]\n",
        "\n",
        "print(filtered_df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "u3OEeVMyBjs-",
        "outputId": "be3999d5-7587-4054-fd59-58778e2678ca"
      },
      "execution_count": 58,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "      Name  Age Gender\n",
            "0    Alice   25      F\n",
            "2  Charlie   35      F\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Another example using a DF with individuals with same name."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "b5l7WRdgTUqt"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame\n",
        "data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Charlie', 'Charlie', 'Dave'],\n",
        "        'Age': [25, 30, 35, 40],\n",
        "        'Gender': ['F', 'M', 'F', 'M']}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "filtered_df = df[(df['Name'] == 'Charlie') & (df['Age'] >= 30)]\n",
        "\n",
        "print(filtered_df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "2c3d3e29-cae7-4906-8980-ecec563cbe88",
        "id": "uKwKCY4xTTMI"
      },
      "execution_count": 61,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "      Name  Age Gender\n",
            "1  Charlie   30      M\n",
            "2  Charlie   35      F\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter rows where Name is not 'Charlie'**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EL2Kx0CmB6CM"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame\n",
        "data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'Dave'],\n",
        "        'Age': [25, 30, 35, 40],\n",
        "        'Gender': ['F', 'M', 'F', 'M']}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "filtered_df = df[~(df['Name'] == 'Charlie')] #~ -> NOT\n",
        "\n",
        "print(filtered_df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "bw3mCfzDB-Af",
        "outputId": "e85b604b-61cd-4694-f3dc-c38736fb4b39"
      },
      "execution_count": 62,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "    Name  Age Gender\n",
            "0  Alice   25      F\n",
            "1    Bob   30      M\n",
            "3   Dave   40      M\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Filter rows where Age is not 30 AND Gender is not 'F'**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "9m7r1uHtCEU8"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame\n",
        "data = {'Name': ['Alice', 'Bob', 'Charlie', 'Dave'],\n",
        "        'Age': [25, 30, 35, 40],\n",
        "        'Gender': ['F', 'M', 'F', 'M']}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Filter rows where Age is not 30 AND Gender is not 'F'\n",
        "filtered_df = df[(df['Age'] != 30) & ~(df['Gender'] == 'F')]\n",
        "\n",
        "print(filtered_df)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "9uqTz6KqCIWv",
        "outputId": "9e3f96df-6de9-41b1-a7d4-b836800d1c36"
      },
      "execution_count": 63,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "   Name  Age Gender\n",
            "3  Dave   40      M\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Pivot Tables"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nGsTUJnPJTK1"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "A pivot table is a powerful data analysis tool in Pandas that allows you to summarize and manipulate large data sets. A pivot table takes simple column-wise data as input, and groups the entries into a two-dimensional table that provides a multidimensional summarization of the data.\n",
        "\n",
        "In Pandas, the pivot_table() method is used to create pivot tables. The method takes a DataFrame as input and allows you to specify which columns to use as row and column indices, and which column to use as the data values. You can also specify the aggregation function to use for summarizing the data.\n",
        "\n",
        "Here's the basic syntax of the pivot_table() method:\n",
        "\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-5pgjqeOJbR1"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "> `pivot_table(data, values=None, index=None, columns=None, aggfunc='mean', fill_value=None, margins=False, dropna=True, margins_name='All')`\n",
        "\n",
        "\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "Zwx3wqKM-BX3"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "*   data: The DataFrame to use for creating the pivot table.\n",
        "*   values: The column(s) to use for the data values in the pivot table.\n",
        "*   index: The column(s) to use as row indices in the pivot table.\n",
        "*   columns: The column(s) to use as column indices in the pivot table.\n",
        "*   aggfunc: The aggregation function to use for summarizing the data. The default is 'mean'.\n",
        "*   fill_value: The value to replace missing values with in the pivot table.\n",
        "*   margins: If True, add row and column margins (subtotals).\n",
        "*   dropna: If True, exclude missing values from the pivot table.\n",
        "*   margins_name: The name to use for the row and column margin labels.\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "Some common aggregation functions that can be used with pivot_table() include 'count', 'sum', 'mean', 'min', 'max', and 'std'.\n",
        "\n",
        "Pivot tables are a powerful tool for data analysis and can be used to answer a wide range of questions about your data. They can help you quickly identify trends, patterns, and outliers, and provide insights into the relationships between different variables in your data."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "EzV0KFXg-m-m"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**Examples**"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "mNWS-JfK_loS"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**1.   Summarize Sales by Product and Region:**\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "FI-SNAfG_o3D"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame with Sales data\n",
        "data = {'Product': ['A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'C', 'C'],\n",
        "        'Region': ['East', 'West', 'East', 'West', 'East', 'West'],\n",
        "        'Sales': [100, 200, 150, 250, 300, 350]}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Create a Pivot Table with Sales data\n",
        "pivot = df.pivot_table(index='Product', columns='Region', values='Sales', aggfunc='sum')\n",
        "\n",
        "# Display the Pivot Table\n",
        "print(pivot)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "NSwH76wh_uCq",
        "outputId": "fb4de65f-df8d-4d7b-c701-caa2e8ae5bef"
      },
      "execution_count": 64,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Region   East  West\n",
            "Product            \n",
            "A         100   200\n",
            "B         150   250\n",
            "C         300   350\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "\n",
        "**2.   Summarize Sales by Month and Category**\n",
        "\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "uGGUSZyT_9WK"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame with Sales data\n",
        "data = {'Date': ['2022-01-01', '2022-02-01', '2022-03-01', '2022-01-01', '2022-02-01', '2022-03-01'],\n",
        "        'Category': ['A', 'A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'B'],\n",
        "        'Sales': [100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 350]}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Convert the Date column to a datetime object\n",
        "df['Date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Date'])\n",
        "\n",
        "# Create a Pivot Table with Sales data\n",
        "pivot = df.pivot_table(index=df['Date'].dt.month, columns='Category', values='Sales', aggfunc='sum')\n",
        "\n",
        "# Display the Pivot Table\n",
        "print(pivot)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "FTVWInytAESY",
        "outputId": "78e49a1c-21eb-4090-e837-eeb67b16c304"
      },
      "execution_count": 65,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Category    A    B\n",
            "Date              \n",
            "1         100  250\n",
            "2         150  300\n",
            "3         200  350\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "\n",
        "**3.   Summarize Student Scores by Test and Subject:**\n",
        "\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "fQU7tOXeAV2Z"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame with Student Scores data\n",
        "data = {'Test': ['Test1', 'Test1', 'Test1', 'Test2', 'Test2', 'Test2'],\n",
        "        'Subject': ['Math', 'Science', 'English', 'Math', 'Science', 'English'],\n",
        "        'Score': [80, 90, 85, 70, 95, 80]}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Create a Pivot Table with Student Scores data\n",
        "pivot = df.pivot_table(index='Test', columns='Subject', values='Score', aggfunc='mean')\n",
        "\n",
        "# Display the Pivot Table\n",
        "print(pivot)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "7YrhXM9-Ah2u",
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "outputId": "6363d39b-20c2-4e80-e31c-e9197ad80a3c"
      },
      "execution_count": 66,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Subject  English  Math  Science\n",
            "Test                           \n",
            "Test1         85    80       90\n",
            "Test2         80    70       95\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**4.   Summarize Customer Orders by Month and Product:**\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "BZci1dZQAlIy"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame with Customer Orders data\n",
        "data = {'Order Date': ['2022-01-01', '2022-02-01', '2022-03-01', '2022-01-01', '2022-02-01', '2022-03-01'],\n",
        "        'Product': ['A', 'A', 'A', 'B', 'B', 'B'],\n",
        "        'Quantity': [10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60]}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Convert the Order Date column to a datetime object\n",
        "df['Order Date'] = pd.to_datetime(df['Order Date'])\n",
        "\n",
        "# Create a Pivot Table with Customer Orders data\n",
        "pivot = df.pivot_table(index=df['Order Date'].dt.month, columns='Product', values='Quantity', aggfunc='sum')\n",
        "\n",
        "# Display the Pivot Table\n",
        "print(pivot)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "pt-SDvvUA1lH",
        "outputId": "c7652574-5289-40e7-8e27-ea00efd87fb8"
      },
      "execution_count": 67,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Product      A   B\n",
            "Order Date        \n",
            "1           10  40\n",
            "2           20  50\n",
            "3           30  60\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "**5.   Summarize Employee Salaries by Department and Gender:**\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "v9MeHsajA53w"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# Create a DataFrame with Employee Salaries data\n",
        "data = {'Department': ['Sales', 'Sales', 'Marketing', 'Marketing'],\n",
        "        'Gender': ['Male', 'Female', 'Male', 'Female'],\n",
        "        'Salary': [50000, 60000, 55000, 65000]}\n",
        "df = pd.DataFrame(data)\n",
        "\n",
        "# Create a Pivot Table with Employee Salaries data\n",
        "pivot = df.pivot_table(index='Department', columns='Gender', values='Salary', aggfunc='mean')\n",
        "\n",
        "# Display the Pivot Table\n",
        "print(pivot)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "2xWe_s0zA9ZB",
        "outputId": "d9f6c66d-5061-4656-d49e-fd435cdeb0f1"
      },
      "execution_count": 68,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "Gender      Female   Male\n",
            "Department               \n",
            "Marketing    65000  55000\n",
            "Sales        60000  50000\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Group By"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "17deKbeV1H1a"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "\"Group by\" is used to group rows that have the same values."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "gz0zZBJA1Ndi"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "import pandas as pd\n",
        "\n",
        "dataset_url =\"https://github.com/mathiasfls/Foundations-of-Cultural-and-Social-Data-Analysis/blob/main/data/CFB.csv?raw=true\"\n",
        "df = pd.read_csv(dataset_url)\n",
        "df.head(10)\n",
        "\n",
        "dtypes = {\n",
        "    \"RECIPID\":\"str\",\n",
        "    \"INTZIP\":\"str\",\n",
        "    \"INT_C_CODE\":\"str\"\n",
        "    \n",
        "}\n",
        "\n",
        "campaign_data = pd.read_csv(\n",
        "    dataset_url,\n",
        "    dtype=dtypes,\n",
        "    parse_dates=[\"DATE\"]\n",
        ")\n",
        "\n",
        "print(\n",
        "    len(campaign_data),\n",
        "    campaign_data.columns\n",
        ")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "zOw2KrAY1IDu",
        "outputId": "cfb673e1-fd4f-4c13-8d4d-45628ecd1342"
      },
      "execution_count": 69,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stderr",
          "text": [
            "<ipython-input-69-aff2326d15ff>:4: DtypeWarning: Columns (39,47) have mixed types. Specify dtype option on import or set low_memory=False.\n",
            "  df = pd.read_csv(dataset_url)\n",
            "<ipython-input-69-aff2326d15ff>:14: DtypeWarning: Columns (47) have mixed types. Specify dtype option on import or set low_memory=False.\n",
            "  campaign_data = pd.read_csv(\n"
          ]
        },
        {
          "output_type": "stream",
          "name": "stdout",
          "text": [
            "419849 Index(['ELECTION', 'OFFICECD', 'RECIPID', 'CANCLASS', 'RECIPNAME', 'COMMITTEE',\n",
            "       'FILING', 'SCHEDULE', 'PAGENO', 'SEQUENCENO', 'REFNO', 'DATE',\n",
            "       'REFUNDDATE', 'NAME', 'C_CODE', 'STRNO', 'STRNAME', 'APARTMENT',\n",
            "       'BOROUGHCD', 'CITY', 'STATE', 'ZIP', 'OCCUPATION', 'EMPNAME',\n",
            "       'EMPSTRNO', 'EMPSTRNAME', 'EMPCITY', 'EMPSTATE', 'AMNT', 'MATCHAMNT',\n",
            "       'PREVAMNT', 'PAY_METHOD', 'INTERMNO', 'INTERMNAME', 'INTSTRNO',\n",
            "       'INTSTRNM', 'INTAPTNO', 'INTCITY', 'INTST', 'INTZIP', 'INTEMPNAME',\n",
            "       'INTEMPSTNO', 'INTEMPSTNM', 'INTEMPCITY', 'INTEMPST', 'INTOCCUPA',\n",
            "       'PURPOSECD', 'EXEMPTCD', 'ADJTYPECD', 'RR_IND', 'SEG_IND',\n",
            "       'INT_C_CODE'],\n",
            "      dtype='object')\n"
          ]
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "campaign_data.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 404
        },
        "id": "0VrHvitO8QeR",
        "outputId": "3b4a1796-0fe4-47ce-abc2-77d030e8dea3"
      },
      "execution_count": 8,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "   ELECTION  OFFICECD RECIPID CANCLASS                 RECIPNAME COMMITTEE  \\\n",
              "0      2021         1    2563        P        Tirschwell, Sara A         H   \n",
              "1      2021        55    2345        P         Camarena, Rodrigo         H   \n",
              "2      2021        55    2414        P              Low, Jenny L         H   \n",
              "3      2021        55     283        P          Gennaro, James F         M   \n",
              "4      2021        55    2454        P  Boghosian Murphy, Leslie         H   \n",
              "\n",
              "   FILING SCHEDULE  PAGENO  SEQUENCENO  ... INTEMPSTNM INTEMPCITY INTEMPST  \\\n",
              "0       7      ABC     NaN         NaN  ...        NaN        NaN      NaN   \n",
              "1       6      ABC     NaN         NaN  ...        NaN        NaN      NaN   \n",
              "2       6      ABC     NaN         NaN  ...        NaN        NaN      NaN   \n",
              "3       7      ABC     NaN         NaN  ...        NaN        NaN      NaN   \n",
              "4       6      ABC     NaN         NaN  ...        NaN        NaN      NaN   \n",
              "\n",
              "  INTOCCUPA PURPOSECD  EXEMPTCD  ADJTYPECD  RR_IND SEG_IND INT_C_CODE  \n",
              "0       NaN       NaN       NaN        NaN       N       N        NaN  \n",
              "1       NaN       NaN       NaN        NaN       N       N        NaN  \n",
              "2       NaN       NaN       NaN        NaN       N       N        NaN  \n",
              "3       NaN       NaN       NaN        NaN       N       N        NaN  \n",
              "4       NaN       NaN       NaN        NaN       N       N        NaN  \n",
              "\n",
              "[5 rows x 52 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-7d1ffdb7-9a07-49ca-9070-77dd16e1e433\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>ELECTION</th>\n",
              "      <th>OFFICECD</th>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPID</th>\n",
              "      <th>CANCLASS</th>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPNAME</th>\n",
              "      <th>COMMITTEE</th>\n",
              "      <th>FILING</th>\n",
              "      <th>SCHEDULE</th>\n",
              "      <th>PAGENO</th>\n",
              "      <th>SEQUENCENO</th>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <th>INTEMPSTNM</th>\n",
              "      <th>INTEMPCITY</th>\n",
              "      <th>INTEMPST</th>\n",
              "      <th>INTOCCUPA</th>\n",
              "      <th>PURPOSECD</th>\n",
              "      <th>EXEMPTCD</th>\n",
              "      <th>ADJTYPECD</th>\n",
              "      <th>RR_IND</th>\n",
              "      <th>SEG_IND</th>\n",
              "      <th>INT_C_CODE</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>2563</td>\n",
              "      <td>P</td>\n",
              "      <td>Tirschwell, Sara A</td>\n",
              "      <td>H</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>ABC</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>55</td>\n",
              "      <td>2345</td>\n",
              "      <td>P</td>\n",
              "      <td>Camarena, Rodrigo</td>\n",
              "      <td>H</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>ABC</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>55</td>\n",
              "      <td>2414</td>\n",
              "      <td>P</td>\n",
              "      <td>Low, Jenny L</td>\n",
              "      <td>H</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>ABC</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>55</td>\n",
              "      <td>283</td>\n",
              "      <td>P</td>\n",
              "      <td>Gennaro, James F</td>\n",
              "      <td>M</td>\n",
              "      <td>7</td>\n",
              "      <td>ABC</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>55</td>\n",
              "      <td>2454</td>\n",
              "      <td>P</td>\n",
              "      <td>Boghosian Murphy, Leslie</td>\n",
              "      <td>H</td>\n",
              "      <td>6</td>\n",
              "      <td>ABC</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>N</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>5 rows × 52 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-7d1ffdb7-9a07-49ca-9070-77dd16e1e433')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-7d1ffdb7-9a07-49ca-9070-77dd16e1e433 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-7d1ffdb7-9a07-49ca-9070-77dd16e1e433');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 8
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "campaign_data[[\"RECIPNAME\",\"OCCUPATION\", \"ELECTION\", \"AMNT\", \"INTST\"]]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "KQkpE2bQ8T-L",
        "outputId": "f085e3f7-3a08-41f2-95da-93fdf6411aac"
      },
      "execution_count": 70,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                       RECIPNAME             OCCUPATION  ELECTION    AMNT  \\\n",
              "0             Tirschwell, Sara A     Turnaround Manager      2021  2000.0   \n",
              "1              Camarena, Rodrigo  Chief Program Officer      2021    38.0   \n",
              "2                   Low, Jenny L        Human Resources      2021    25.0   \n",
              "3               Gennaro, James F       Speech Therapist      2021   175.0   \n",
              "4       Boghosian Murphy, Leslie                Retired      2021    25.0   \n",
              "...                          ...                    ...       ...     ...   \n",
              "419844             Wiley, Maya D             Consultant      2021    25.0   \n",
              "419845          Johnson, Corey D             Accounting      2021   250.0   \n",
              "419846             Sliwa, Curtis                    NaN      2021    25.0   \n",
              "419847             Adams, Eric L                  Owner      2021  5000.0   \n",
              "419848             Adams, Eric L                    NaN      2021 -3000.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "       INTST  \n",
              "0        NaN  \n",
              "1        NaN  \n",
              "2        NaN  \n",
              "3        NaN  \n",
              "4        NaN  \n",
              "...      ...  \n",
              "419844   NaN  \n",
              "419845    NY  \n",
              "419846   NaN  \n",
              "419847   NaN  \n",
              "419848   NaN  \n",
              "\n",
              "[419849 rows x 5 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-181c4895-3b44-4212-a125-a614fc49fd06\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPNAME</th>\n",
              "      <th>OCCUPATION</th>\n",
              "      <th>ELECTION</th>\n",
              "      <th>AMNT</th>\n",
              "      <th>INTST</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Tirschwell, Sara A</td>\n",
              "      <td>Turnaround Manager</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>2000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Camarena, Rodrigo</td>\n",
              "      <td>Chief Program Officer</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>38.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Low, Jenny L</td>\n",
              "      <td>Human Resources</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Gennaro, James F</td>\n",
              "      <td>Speech Therapist</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>175.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Boghosian Murphy, Leslie</td>\n",
              "      <td>Retired</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>419844</th>\n",
              "      <td>Wiley, Maya D</td>\n",
              "      <td>Consultant</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>419845</th>\n",
              "      <td>Johnson, Corey D</td>\n",
              "      <td>Accounting</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>250.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NY</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>419846</th>\n",
              "      <td>Sliwa, Curtis</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>25.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>419847</th>\n",
              "      <td>Adams, Eric L</td>\n",
              "      <td>Owner</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>5000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>419848</th>\n",
              "      <td>Adams, Eric L</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>2021</td>\n",
              "      <td>-3000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>419849 rows × 5 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-181c4895-3b44-4212-a125-a614fc49fd06')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-181c4895-3b44-4212-a125-a614fc49fd06 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-181c4895-3b44-4212-a125-a614fc49fd06');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 70
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### Aggregate data in different ways \n",
        "\n",
        "- recipient name with the most number of donations\n",
        "- recipient name with the most number of donations and the highest total amounts of donations\n",
        "- occupation that occur the most in the data by city"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "M-7WXh8I8YR4"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# summary of our data by recipient name\n",
        "campaign_data[\"RECIPNAME\"].value_counts()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "WyZ0Intv8Z8X",
        "outputId": "142d1a0f-9d3e-4a66-c512-75b4655d0d3a"
      },
      "execution_count": 71,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Yang, Andrew         38679\n",
              "Wiley, Maya D        36389\n",
              "Morales, Dianne      19305\n",
              "Garcia, Kathryn A    15240\n",
              "Stringer, Scott M    14296\n",
              "                     ...  \n",
              "Marin, Danny             1\n",
              "Ranot, Rajesh K          1\n",
              "Finley, Stephen M        1\n",
              "Sahi, Mandeep S          1\n",
              "Alexis, David T          1\n",
              "Name: RECIPNAME, Length: 523, dtype: int64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 71
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "#  recipient name with the most number of donations\n",
        "campaign_data.groupby(\n",
        "        [\"RECIPNAME\"]\n",
        "    )[\"RECIPID\"].count(\n",
        "    \n",
        "    ).reset_index(\n",
        "    \n",
        "    ).sort_values(\n",
        "        by=\"RECIPID\",\n",
        "        ascending=False\n",
        ")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "JygrGSA58jEm",
        "outputId": "a82d04a7-828f-433f-ca8d-a33fe7fcee18"
      },
      "execution_count": 72,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                RECIPNAME  RECIPID\n",
              "514          Yang, Andrew    38679\n",
              "499         Wiley, Maya D    36389\n",
              "314       Morales, Dianne    19305\n",
              "155     Garcia, Kathryn A    15240\n",
              "456     Stringer, Scott M    14296\n",
              "..                    ...      ...\n",
              "331  O'Hagan, Elizabeth R        1\n",
              "407       Sahi, Mandeep S        1\n",
              "290     Maynard, Joshua Y        1\n",
              "277          Marin, Danny        1\n",
              "284     Martinez, Nancy J        1\n",
              "\n",
              "[523 rows x 2 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-f79ff755-02a4-4ef4-b2bd-43589fa49bc3\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPNAME</th>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPID</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>514</th>\n",
              "      <td>Yang, Andrew</td>\n",
              "      <td>38679</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>499</th>\n",
              "      <td>Wiley, Maya D</td>\n",
              "      <td>36389</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>314</th>\n",
              "      <td>Morales, Dianne</td>\n",
              "      <td>19305</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>155</th>\n",
              "      <td>Garcia, Kathryn A</td>\n",
              "      <td>15240</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>456</th>\n",
              "      <td>Stringer, Scott M</td>\n",
              "      <td>14296</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>331</th>\n",
              "      <td>O'Hagan, Elizabeth R</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>407</th>\n",
              "      <td>Sahi, Mandeep S</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>290</th>\n",
              "      <td>Maynard, Joshua Y</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>277</th>\n",
              "      <td>Marin, Danny</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>284</th>\n",
              "      <td>Martinez, Nancy J</td>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>523 rows × 2 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-f79ff755-02a4-4ef4-b2bd-43589fa49bc3')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-f79ff755-02a4-4ef4-b2bd-43589fa49bc3 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-f79ff755-02a4-4ef4-b2bd-43589fa49bc3');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 72
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# recipient name with the most number of donations and the highest total amounts of donations\n",
        "campaign_data.groupby(\n",
        "        [\"RECIPNAME\"]\n",
        "    ).agg(\n",
        "        {\n",
        "            \"RECIPID\":\"count\",\n",
        "            \"AMNT\":\"sum\"\n",
        "        }\n",
        "    ).sort_values(\n",
        "        by=\"RECIPID\",\n",
        "        ascending=False\n",
        ")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 455
        },
        "id": "nxgUW3618vsv",
        "outputId": "cc8aabf2-3152-4214-c78c-2c410444f0ef"
      },
      "execution_count": 12,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                      RECIPID        AMNT\n",
              "RECIPNAME                                \n",
              "Yang, Andrew            38679  4069130.66\n",
              "Wiley, Maya D           36389  2188843.09\n",
              "Morales, Dianne         19305   880476.91\n",
              "Garcia, Kathryn A       15240  2157021.12\n",
              "Stringer, Scott M       14296  2368647.36\n",
              "...                       ...         ...\n",
              "O'Hagan, Elizabeth R        1      237.15\n",
              "Sahi, Mandeep S             1      500.00\n",
              "Maynard, Joshua Y           1      100.00\n",
              "Marin, Danny                1       40.00\n",
              "Martinez, Nancy J           1     3000.00\n",
              "\n",
              "[523 rows x 2 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-95c4a088-35a1-4e6f-a067-904fb402c8e7\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPID</th>\n",
              "      <th>AMNT</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPNAME</th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Yang, Andrew</th>\n",
              "      <td>38679</td>\n",
              "      <td>4069130.66</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Wiley, Maya D</th>\n",
              "      <td>36389</td>\n",
              "      <td>2188843.09</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Morales, Dianne</th>\n",
              "      <td>19305</td>\n",
              "      <td>880476.91</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Garcia, Kathryn A</th>\n",
              "      <td>15240</td>\n",
              "      <td>2157021.12</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Stringer, Scott M</th>\n",
              "      <td>14296</td>\n",
              "      <td>2368647.36</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>O'Hagan, Elizabeth R</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>237.15</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Sahi, Mandeep S</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>500.00</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Maynard, Joshua Y</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>100.00</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Marin, Danny</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>40.00</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Martinez, Nancy J</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "      <td>3000.00</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>523 rows × 2 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-95c4a088-35a1-4e6f-a067-904fb402c8e7')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-95c4a088-35a1-4e6f-a067-904fb402c8e7 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-95c4a088-35a1-4e6f-a067-904fb402c8e7');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 12
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "# occupation that occur the most in the data by city\n",
        "campaign_data.groupby(\n",
        "        [\"OCCUPATION\", \"CITY\"]\n",
        "    ).agg(\n",
        "        {\n",
        "            \"RECIPID\":\"count\"\n",
        "        }\n",
        "    ).sort_values(\n",
        "        by=\"RECIPID\",\n",
        "        ascending=False\n",
        ")"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 455
        },
        "id": "8K8QV3pr8y58",
        "outputId": "6728576f-de41-4b35-bb5b-e9cd0fe73241"
      },
      "execution_count": 13,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                         RECIPID\n",
              "OCCUPATION   CITY               \n",
              "Not Employed New York      14269\n",
              "             Brooklyn       8778\n",
              "Unemployed   New York       7925\n",
              "             Brooklyn       6436\n",
              "Retired      Brooklyn       5713\n",
              "...                          ...\n",
              "Not Employed Petersburg        1\n",
              "             Peyton            1\n",
              "             Pfafftown         1\n",
              "Contractor   Glen Head         1\n",
              "Proj. Exec   Bronx             1\n",
              "\n",
              "[96119 rows x 1 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-f7b3b10a-50d8-49a7-9e45-75027f1950eb\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>RECIPID</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>OCCUPATION</th>\n",
              "      <th>CITY</th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\">Not Employed</th>\n",
              "      <th>New York</th>\n",
              "      <td>14269</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Brooklyn</th>\n",
              "      <td>8778</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th rowspan=\"2\" valign=\"top\">Unemployed</th>\n",
              "      <th>New York</th>\n",
              "      <td>7925</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Brooklyn</th>\n",
              "      <td>6436</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Retired</th>\n",
              "      <th>Brooklyn</th>\n",
              "      <td>5713</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th rowspan=\"3\" valign=\"top\">Not Employed</th>\n",
              "      <th>Petersburg</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Peyton</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Pfafftown</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Contractor</th>\n",
              "      <th>Glen Head</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>Proj. Exec</th>\n",
              "      <th>Bronx</th>\n",
              "      <td>1</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>96119 rows × 1 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-f7b3b10a-50d8-49a7-9e45-75027f1950eb')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-f7b3b10a-50d8-49a7-9e45-75027f1950eb button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-f7b3b10a-50d8-49a7-9e45-75027f1950eb');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 13
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "# Extra"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "77g4kZen-2UW"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Loading a csv with pd.read_csv(). Multiple options below are in comments:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xCuPrzga-491"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataset_url =\"https://github.com/mathiasfls/Foundations-of-Cultural-and-Social-Data-Analysis/blob/main/data/2016_census_data.csv?raw=true\"\n",
        "dataframe = pd.read_csv(dataset_url)\n",
        "dataframe.head(10)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 1000
        },
        "id": "mW9KYtRf_ZfB",
        "outputId": "9c8a2678-150f-45ae-a06f-37e3621fb699"
      },
      "execution_count": 17,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "         geoid                                           name  \\\n",
              "0  34003001000     Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "1  34003002100     Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "2  34003002200     Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "3  34003002300     Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "4  34003003100     Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "5  34003003200     Census Tract 32, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "6  34003003300     Census Tract 33, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "7  34003003401  Census Tract 34.01, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "8  34003003402  Census Tract 34.02, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "9  34003003500     Census Tract 35, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "\n",
              "   total_population  median_income  median_home_value  educational_attainment  \\\n",
              "0              6767       151641.0           680000.0                  3045.0   \n",
              "1              1522       114545.0          2000001.0                   836.0   \n",
              "2              5389        90647.0           453800.0                  1791.0   \n",
              "3              5828       112031.0           610000.0                  2363.0   \n",
              "4              4946        76906.0           301900.0                  1588.0   \n",
              "5              5044        69531.0           322400.0                  1417.0   \n",
              "6              6638        97957.0           328100.0                  1737.0   \n",
              "7              2958       122650.0           385200.0                   941.0   \n",
              "8              3827       105776.0           356100.0                  1237.0   \n",
              "9              4100        52382.0           340200.0                   891.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "   white_alone  black_alone  native   asian  native_hawaiian_pacific_islander  \\\n",
              "0       5667.0         75.0     0.0   759.0                               0.0   \n",
              "1        788.0        141.0     0.0   444.0                               0.0   \n",
              "2       3481.0         99.0     9.0  1247.0                               0.0   \n",
              "3       3595.0         89.0    37.0  1627.0                               0.0   \n",
              "4       1803.0        306.0     0.0  1435.0                               0.0   \n",
              "5       1342.0        186.0    19.0  1882.0                               0.0   \n",
              "6       2437.0        400.0     0.0  2131.0                               0.0   \n",
              "7       1704.0        109.0     0.0   520.0                               0.0   \n",
              "8       1937.0        260.0     0.0   733.0                               0.0   \n",
              "9        886.0        502.0    16.0  1160.0                               0.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "   some_other_race_alone  two_or_more  hispanic_or_latino  \n",
              "0                    0.0        132.0               134.0  \n",
              "1                    0.0         27.0               122.0  \n",
              "2                   36.0         19.0               504.0  \n",
              "3                    0.0         32.0               448.0  \n",
              "4                   13.0         24.0              1365.0  \n",
              "5                    6.0         64.0              1564.0  \n",
              "6                    0.0        148.0              1522.0  \n",
              "7                    0.0         36.0               589.0  \n",
              "8                    4.0        122.0               771.0  \n",
              "9                    0.0         59.0              1493.0  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-859668e6-805d-4d4e-9925-18b5e132e3be\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>geoid</th>\n",
              "      <th>name</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_population</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_income</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_home_value</th>\n",
              "      <th>educational_attainment</th>\n",
              "      <th>white_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>black_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>native</th>\n",
              "      <th>asian</th>\n",
              "      <th>native_hawaiian_pacific_islander</th>\n",
              "      <th>some_other_race_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>two_or_more</th>\n",
              "      <th>hispanic_or_latino</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003001000</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>6767</td>\n",
              "      <td>151641.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>680000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3045.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>5667.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>75.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>759.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>132.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>134.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003002100</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>1522</td>\n",
              "      <td>114545.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2000001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>836.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>788.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>141.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>122.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003002200</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5389</td>\n",
              "      <td>90647.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>453800.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1791.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3481.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>99.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1247.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>504.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003002300</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5828</td>\n",
              "      <td>112031.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>610000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2363.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3595.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>89.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1627.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>448.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003003100</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>4946</td>\n",
              "      <td>76906.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>301900.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1588.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1803.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>306.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1435.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>24.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003003200</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 32, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5044</td>\n",
              "      <td>69531.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>322400.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1417.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1342.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>186.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1882.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>64.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1564.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003003300</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 33, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>6638</td>\n",
              "      <td>97957.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>328100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1737.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2437.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>400.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2131.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>148.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1522.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>7</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003003401</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 34.01, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>2958</td>\n",
              "      <td>122650.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>385200.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>941.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1704.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>109.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>520.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>589.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003003402</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 34.02, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>3827</td>\n",
              "      <td>105776.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>356100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1237.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1937.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>260.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>733.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>122.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>771.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003003500</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 35, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>4100</td>\n",
              "      <td>52382.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>340200.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>891.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>886.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>502.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1160.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>59.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1493.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-859668e6-805d-4d4e-9925-18b5e132e3be')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-859668e6-805d-4d4e-9925-18b5e132e3be button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-859668e6-805d-4d4e-9925-18b5e132e3be');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 17
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "### Looking at stuff\n",
        "\n",
        "Display columns via transpose `.T` or via `.columns`"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "mJOPEnbKAWJ8"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe.T"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 651
        },
        "id": "hAmQXvBeAOu0",
        "outputId": "19fbd620-8647-4503-c678-e9f5abbc4626"
      },
      "execution_count": 18,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                                                                        0     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003001000   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        6767   \n",
              "median_income                                                       151641.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                   680000.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                3045.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                           5667.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                             75.0   \n",
              "native                                                                   0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                  759.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                    0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                            132.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                     134.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                        1     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003002100   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        1522   \n",
              "median_income                                                       114545.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                  2000001.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                 836.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                            788.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                            141.0   \n",
              "native                                                                   0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                  444.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                    0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                             27.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                     122.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                        2     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003002200   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        5389   \n",
              "median_income                                                        90647.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                   453800.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                1791.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                           3481.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                             99.0   \n",
              "native                                                                   9.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                 1247.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                   36.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                             19.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                     504.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                        3     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003002300   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        5828   \n",
              "median_income                                                       112031.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                   610000.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                2363.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                           3595.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                             89.0   \n",
              "native                                                                  37.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                 1627.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                    0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                             32.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                     448.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                        4     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003003100   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        4946   \n",
              "median_income                                                        76906.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                   301900.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                1588.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                           1803.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                            306.0   \n",
              "native                                                                   0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                 1435.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                   13.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                             24.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                    1365.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                        5     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003003200   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 32, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        5044   \n",
              "median_income                                                        69531.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                   322400.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                1417.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                           1342.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                            186.0   \n",
              "native                                                                  19.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                 1882.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                    6.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                             64.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                    1564.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                        6     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003003300   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 33, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        6638   \n",
              "median_income                                                        97957.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                   328100.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                1737.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                           2437.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                            400.0   \n",
              "native                                                                   0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                 2131.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                    0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                            148.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                    1522.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                           7     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                               34003003401   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 34.01, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                           2958   \n",
              "median_income                                                          122650.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                      385200.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                    941.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                              1704.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                               109.0   \n",
              "native                                                                      0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                     520.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                            0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                       0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                36.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                        589.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                           8     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                               34003003402   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 34.02, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                           3827   \n",
              "median_income                                                          105776.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                      356100.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                   1237.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                              1937.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                               260.0   \n",
              "native                                                                      0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                     733.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                            0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                       4.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                               122.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                        771.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                        9     \\\n",
              "geoid                                                            34003003500   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 35, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "total_population                                                        4100   \n",
              "median_income                                                        52382.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                   340200.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                 891.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                            886.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                            502.0   \n",
              "native                                                                  16.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                 1160.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                         0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                    0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                             59.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                    1493.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                  ...  \\\n",
              "geoid                             ...   \n",
              "name                              ...   \n",
              "total_population                  ...   \n",
              "median_income                     ...   \n",
              "median_home_value                 ...   \n",
              "educational_attainment            ...   \n",
              "white_alone                       ...   \n",
              "black_alone                       ...   \n",
              "native                            ...   \n",
              "asian                             ...   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander  ...   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone             ...   \n",
              "two_or_more                       ...   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                ...   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4690  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950502   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9505.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             3132   \n",
              "median_income                                                             57875.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        205300.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                      728.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                2186.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                 237.0   \n",
              "native                                                                        0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                       120.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                        31.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  75.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                          483.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4691  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950601   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9506.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             1560   \n",
              "median_income                                                             68319.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        269200.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                      354.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                1404.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                  33.0   \n",
              "native                                                                        0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                        11.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                         0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  53.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                           59.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4692  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950603   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9506.03, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             1093   \n",
              "median_income                                                             56250.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        281400.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                      255.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                1009.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                  16.0   \n",
              "native                                                                        0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                         0.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                         0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  16.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                           52.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4693  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950605   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9506.05, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             6056   \n",
              "median_income                                                             83220.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        207100.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                     1048.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                5487.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                 333.0   \n",
              "native                                                                       21.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                         0.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              9.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                        11.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                   0.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                          195.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4694  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950606   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9506.06, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             5647   \n",
              "median_income                                                             86250.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        237300.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                     1369.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                4951.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                  71.0   \n",
              "native                                                                        0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                       156.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                        12.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  20.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                          437.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4695  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950701   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9507.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             4107   \n",
              "median_income                                                             61726.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        155800.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                      537.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                3665.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                  12.0   \n",
              "native                                                                        0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                        67.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                         0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  26.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                          337.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4696  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950702   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9507.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             3119   \n",
              "median_income                                                             59239.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        151100.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                      405.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                2908.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                  44.0   \n",
              "native                                                                        0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                        60.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                         0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  19.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                           88.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4697  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950801   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9508.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             4403   \n",
              "median_income                                                             55530.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        120000.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                      718.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                2777.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                 705.0   \n",
              "native                                                                        0.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                        53.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                         0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  97.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                          771.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                             4698  \\\n",
              "geoid                                                                 42103950802   \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9508.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "total_population                                                             6004   \n",
              "median_income                                                             50724.0   \n",
              "median_home_value                                                        146700.0   \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                      795.0   \n",
              "white_alone                                                                3072.0   \n",
              "black_alone                                                                 970.0   \n",
              "native                                                                       20.0   \n",
              "asian                                                                        44.0   \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                              0.0   \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                         0.0   \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                  11.0   \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                         1887.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                                                          4699  \n",
              "geoid                                                              42103950900  \n",
              "name                              Census Tract 9509, Pike County, Pennsylvania  \n",
              "total_population                                                          4184  \n",
              "median_income                                                          49453.0  \n",
              "median_home_value                                                     146100.0  \n",
              "educational_attainment                                                   721.0  \n",
              "white_alone                                                             3888.0  \n",
              "black_alone                                                               55.0  \n",
              "native                                                                    29.0  \n",
              "asian                                                                     22.0  \n",
              "native_hawaiian_pacific_islander                                           0.0  \n",
              "some_other_race_alone                                                      0.0  \n",
              "two_or_more                                                                9.0  \n",
              "hispanic_or_latino                                                       181.0  \n",
              "\n",
              "[14 rows x 4700 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-81252596-c7f5-49be-a52a-d37ec4c3ddc8\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <th>5</th>\n",
              "      <th>6</th>\n",
              "      <th>7</th>\n",
              "      <th>8</th>\n",
              "      <th>9</th>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <th>4690</th>\n",
              "      <th>4691</th>\n",
              "      <th>4692</th>\n",
              "      <th>4693</th>\n",
              "      <th>4694</th>\n",
              "      <th>4695</th>\n",
              "      <th>4696</th>\n",
              "      <th>4697</th>\n",
              "      <th>4698</th>\n",
              "      <th>4699</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>geoid</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003001000</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003002100</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003002200</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003002300</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003003100</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003003200</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003003300</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003003401</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003003402</td>\n",
              "      <td>34003003500</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950502</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950601</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950603</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950605</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950606</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950701</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950702</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950801</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950802</td>\n",
              "      <td>42103950900</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>name</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 32, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 33, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 34.01, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 34.02, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 35, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9505.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9506.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9506.03, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9506.05, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9506.06, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9507.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9507.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9508.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9508.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9509, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>total_population</th>\n",
              "      <td>6767</td>\n",
              "      <td>1522</td>\n",
              "      <td>5389</td>\n",
              "      <td>5828</td>\n",
              "      <td>4946</td>\n",
              "      <td>5044</td>\n",
              "      <td>6638</td>\n",
              "      <td>2958</td>\n",
              "      <td>3827</td>\n",
              "      <td>4100</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>3132</td>\n",
              "      <td>1560</td>\n",
              "      <td>1093</td>\n",
              "      <td>6056</td>\n",
              "      <td>5647</td>\n",
              "      <td>4107</td>\n",
              "      <td>3119</td>\n",
              "      <td>4403</td>\n",
              "      <td>6004</td>\n",
              "      <td>4184</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>median_income</th>\n",
              "      <td>151641.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>114545.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>90647.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>112031.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>76906.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>69531.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>97957.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>122650.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>105776.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52382.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>57875.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>68319.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>56250.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>83220.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>86250.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>61726.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>59239.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>55530.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>50724.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>49453.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>median_home_value</th>\n",
              "      <td>680000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2000001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>453800.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>610000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>301900.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>322400.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>328100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>385200.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>356100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>340200.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>205300.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>269200.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>281400.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>207100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>237300.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>155800.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>151100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>120000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>146700.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>146100.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>educational_attainment</th>\n",
              "      <td>3045.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>836.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1791.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2363.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1588.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1417.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1737.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>941.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1237.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>891.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>728.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>354.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>255.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1048.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1369.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>537.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>405.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>718.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>795.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>721.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>white_alone</th>\n",
              "      <td>5667.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>788.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3481.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3595.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1803.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1342.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2437.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1704.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1937.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>886.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>2186.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1404.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1009.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>5487.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4951.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3665.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2908.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2777.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3072.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3888.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>black_alone</th>\n",
              "      <td>75.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>141.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>99.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>89.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>306.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>186.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>400.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>109.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>260.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>502.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>237.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>33.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>333.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>71.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>12.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>44.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>705.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>970.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>55.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>native</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>21.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>asian</th>\n",
              "      <td>759.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1247.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1627.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1435.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1882.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2131.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>520.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>733.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1160.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>120.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>11.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>156.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>60.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>44.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>native_hawaiian_pacific_islander</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>some_other_race_alone</th>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>6.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>31.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>11.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>12.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>two_or_more</th>\n",
              "      <td>132.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>24.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>64.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>148.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>122.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>59.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>75.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>97.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>11.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>hispanic_or_latino</th>\n",
              "      <td>134.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>122.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>504.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>448.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1564.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1522.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>589.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>771.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1493.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>483.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>59.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>195.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>437.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>337.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>88.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>771.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1887.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>181.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>14 rows × 4700 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-81252596-c7f5-49be-a52a-d37ec4c3ddc8')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-81252596-c7f5-49be-a52a-d37ec4c3ddc8 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-81252596-c7f5-49be-a52a-d37ec4c3ddc8');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 18
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe.columns"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "gGVNNmZkAmBV",
        "outputId": "42170a66-d2e2-4f41-f1cc-c34cd2d57ea0"
      },
      "execution_count": 19,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "Index(['geoid', 'name', 'total_population', 'median_income',\n",
              "       'median_home_value', 'educational_attainment', 'white_alone',\n",
              "       'black_alone', 'native', 'asian', 'native_hawaiian_pacific_islander',\n",
              "       'some_other_race_alone', 'two_or_more', 'hispanic_or_latino'],\n",
              "      dtype='object')"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 19
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Looking at the last few lines can be done with `.tail()`."
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "nbyrUZ5kAsxP"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe.tail()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 531
        },
        "id": "N4trKCEFAsk-",
        "outputId": "a95cf1df-bdd2-45ae-8d0a-d53463539947"
      },
      "execution_count": 21,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "            geoid                                             name  \\\n",
              "4695  42103950701  Census Tract 9507.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "4696  42103950702  Census Tract 9507.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "4697  42103950801  Census Tract 9508.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "4698  42103950802  Census Tract 9508.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "4699  42103950900     Census Tract 9509, Pike County, Pennsylvania   \n",
              "\n",
              "      total_population  median_income  median_home_value  \\\n",
              "4695              4107        61726.0           155800.0   \n",
              "4696              3119        59239.0           151100.0   \n",
              "4697              4403        55530.0           120000.0   \n",
              "4698              6004        50724.0           146700.0   \n",
              "4699              4184        49453.0           146100.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "      educational_attainment  white_alone  black_alone  native  asian  \\\n",
              "4695                   537.0       3665.0         12.0     0.0   67.0   \n",
              "4696                   405.0       2908.0         44.0     0.0   60.0   \n",
              "4697                   718.0       2777.0        705.0     0.0   53.0   \n",
              "4698                   795.0       3072.0        970.0    20.0   44.0   \n",
              "4699                   721.0       3888.0         55.0    29.0   22.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "      native_hawaiian_pacific_islander  some_other_race_alone  two_or_more  \\\n",
              "4695                               0.0                    0.0         26.0   \n",
              "4696                               0.0                    0.0         19.0   \n",
              "4697                               0.0                    0.0         97.0   \n",
              "4698                               0.0                    0.0         11.0   \n",
              "4699                               0.0                    0.0          9.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "      hispanic_or_latino  \n",
              "4695               337.0  \n",
              "4696                88.0  \n",
              "4697               771.0  \n",
              "4698              1887.0  \n",
              "4699               181.0  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-11c1df3b-aa56-417f-bf0c-da647bfae403\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>geoid</th>\n",
              "      <th>name</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_population</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_income</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_home_value</th>\n",
              "      <th>educational_attainment</th>\n",
              "      <th>white_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>black_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>native</th>\n",
              "      <th>asian</th>\n",
              "      <th>native_hawaiian_pacific_islander</th>\n",
              "      <th>some_other_race_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>two_or_more</th>\n",
              "      <th>hispanic_or_latino</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4695</th>\n",
              "      <td>42103950701</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9507.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>4107</td>\n",
              "      <td>61726.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>155800.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>537.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3665.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>12.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>26.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>337.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4696</th>\n",
              "      <td>42103950702</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9507.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>3119</td>\n",
              "      <td>59239.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>151100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>405.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2908.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>44.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>60.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>88.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4697</th>\n",
              "      <td>42103950801</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9508.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>4403</td>\n",
              "      <td>55530.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>120000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>718.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2777.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>705.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>53.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>97.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>771.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4698</th>\n",
              "      <td>42103950802</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9508.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>6004</td>\n",
              "      <td>50724.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>146700.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>795.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3072.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>970.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>20.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>44.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>11.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1887.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4699</th>\n",
              "      <td>42103950900</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9509, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>4184</td>\n",
              "      <td>49453.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>146100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>721.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3888.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>55.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>29.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>22.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>181.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-11c1df3b-aa56-417f-bf0c-da647bfae403')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-11c1df3b-aa56-417f-bf0c-da647bfae403 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-11c1df3b-aa56-417f-bf0c-da647bfae403');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 21
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Here's how you change the order of your dataframe based on the values in a  column using `.sort_values()`:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "RF8sykUcBE1y"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe.sort_values(by = ['median_income'], ascending=False)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 1000
        },
        "id": "eeDBBppBBFPT",
        "outputId": "99966655-129e-422c-f01b-bd488b2ab71d"
      },
      "execution_count": 22,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "            geoid                                           name  \\\n",
              "4532  36119004700  Census Tract 47, Westchester County, New York   \n",
              "4595  36119009900  Census Tract 99, Westchester County, New York   \n",
              "358   34013020000     Census Tract 200, Essex County, New Jersey   \n",
              "359   34013020100     Census Tract 201, Essex County, New Jersey   \n",
              "141   34003047300    Census Tract 473, Bergen County, New Jersey   \n",
              "...           ...                                            ...   \n",
              "1994  36047017700       Census Tract 177, Kings County, New York   \n",
              "1992  36047017500       Census Tract 175, Kings County, New York   \n",
              "2533  36047096000       Census Tract 960, Kings County, New York   \n",
              "4017  36085015400    Census Tract 154, Richmond County, New York   \n",
              "1974  36047015400       Census Tract 154, Kings County, New York   \n",
              "\n",
              "      total_population  median_income  median_home_value  \\\n",
              "4532              3596       250001.0          2000001.0   \n",
              "4595              3008       250001.0          2000001.0   \n",
              "358               5826       250001.0          1534600.0   \n",
              "359               4593       250001.0          1418300.0   \n",
              "141               3138       250001.0          1033800.0   \n",
              "...                ...            ...                ...   \n",
              "1994                 0   -666666666.0       -666666666.0   \n",
              "1992                 0   -666666666.0       -666666666.0   \n",
              "2533                 0   -666666666.0       -666666666.0   \n",
              "4017                 0   -666666666.0       -666666666.0   \n",
              "1974                 0   -666666666.0       -666666666.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "      educational_attainment  white_alone  black_alone  native   asian  \\\n",
              "4532                  1649.0       3234.0         51.0     0.0   132.0   \n",
              "4595                  1629.0       2305.0          3.0     0.0   327.0   \n",
              "358                   3182.0       4334.0         28.0     0.0  1099.0   \n",
              "359                   2713.0       3653.0         16.0     0.0   721.0   \n",
              "141                   1472.0       2603.0         41.0     0.0   324.0   \n",
              "...                      ...          ...          ...     ...     ...   \n",
              "1994                     0.0          0.0          0.0     0.0     0.0   \n",
              "1992                     0.0          0.0          0.0     0.0     0.0   \n",
              "2533                     0.0          0.0          0.0     0.0     0.0   \n",
              "4017                     0.0          0.0          0.0     0.0     0.0   \n",
              "1974                     0.0          0.0          0.0     0.0     0.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "      native_hawaiian_pacific_islander  some_other_race_alone  two_or_more  \\\n",
              "4532                               0.0                    0.0         52.0   \n",
              "4595                               0.0                    0.0         67.0   \n",
              "358                                0.0                    9.0        128.0   \n",
              "359                                0.0                    0.0        100.0   \n",
              "141                                0.0                    0.0         79.0   \n",
              "...                                ...                    ...          ...   \n",
              "1994                               0.0                    0.0          0.0   \n",
              "1992                               0.0                    0.0          0.0   \n",
              "2533                               0.0                    0.0          0.0   \n",
              "4017                               0.0                    0.0          0.0   \n",
              "1974                               0.0                    0.0          0.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "      hispanic_or_latino  \n",
              "4532               127.0  \n",
              "4595               306.0  \n",
              "358                228.0  \n",
              "359                103.0  \n",
              "141                 91.0  \n",
              "...                  ...  \n",
              "1994                 0.0  \n",
              "1992                 0.0  \n",
              "2533                 0.0  \n",
              "4017                 0.0  \n",
              "1974                 0.0  \n",
              "\n",
              "[4700 rows x 14 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-e1b9ff04-e49c-4cb2-89c8-16f41d969523\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>geoid</th>\n",
              "      <th>name</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_population</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_income</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_home_value</th>\n",
              "      <th>educational_attainment</th>\n",
              "      <th>white_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>black_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>native</th>\n",
              "      <th>asian</th>\n",
              "      <th>native_hawaiian_pacific_islander</th>\n",
              "      <th>some_other_race_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>two_or_more</th>\n",
              "      <th>hispanic_or_latino</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4532</th>\n",
              "      <td>36119004700</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 47, Westchester County, New York</td>\n",
              "      <td>3596</td>\n",
              "      <td>250001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2000001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1649.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3234.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>51.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>132.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>127.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4595</th>\n",
              "      <td>36119009900</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 99, Westchester County, New York</td>\n",
              "      <td>3008</td>\n",
              "      <td>250001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2000001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1629.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2305.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>327.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>67.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>306.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>358</th>\n",
              "      <td>34013020000</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 200, Essex County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5826</td>\n",
              "      <td>250001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1534600.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3182.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>4334.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>28.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1099.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>128.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>228.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>359</th>\n",
              "      <td>34013020100</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 201, Essex County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>4593</td>\n",
              "      <td>250001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1418300.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2713.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3653.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>16.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>721.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>100.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>103.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>141</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003047300</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 473, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>3138</td>\n",
              "      <td>250001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1033800.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1472.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2603.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>41.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>324.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>79.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>91.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1994</th>\n",
              "      <td>36047017700</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 177, Kings County, New York</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1992</th>\n",
              "      <td>36047017500</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 175, Kings County, New York</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2533</th>\n",
              "      <td>36047096000</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 960, Kings County, New York</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4017</th>\n",
              "      <td>36085015400</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 154, Richmond County, New York</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1974</th>\n",
              "      <td>36047015400</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 154, Kings County, New York</td>\n",
              "      <td>0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>4700 rows × 14 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-e1b9ff04-e49c-4cb2-89c8-16f41d969523')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-e1b9ff04-e49c-4cb2-89c8-16f41d969523 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-e1b9ff04-e49c-4cb2-89c8-16f41d969523');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 22
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "\n",
        "\n",
        "## Doing things with columns\n",
        "\n",
        "Selecting, creating and manipulating columns. \n",
        "\n",
        "Here's how you select them:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "8Cx2_pq9BXBm"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe[['name', 'total_population']]"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 424
        },
        "id": "l41EdTvCBXU1",
        "outputId": "41891a0b-a4ab-4e7d-8e4f-fa600dbabe7d"
      },
      "execution_count": 23,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                                                 name  total_population\n",
              "0          Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey              6767\n",
              "1          Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey              1522\n",
              "2          Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey              5389\n",
              "3          Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey              5828\n",
              "4          Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey              4946\n",
              "...                                               ...               ...\n",
              "4695  Census Tract 9507.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania              4107\n",
              "4696  Census Tract 9507.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania              3119\n",
              "4697  Census Tract 9508.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania              4403\n",
              "4698  Census Tract 9508.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania              6004\n",
              "4699     Census Tract 9509, Pike County, Pennsylvania              4184\n",
              "\n",
              "[4700 rows x 2 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-ad0f4e04-31be-4942-a948-a38acde12ecb\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>name</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_population</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>6767</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>1522</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5389</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5828</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>4946</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4695</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9507.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>4107</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4696</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9507.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>3119</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4697</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9508.01, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>4403</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4698</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9508.02, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>6004</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4699</th>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 9509, Pike County, Pennsylvania</td>\n",
              "      <td>4184</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>4700 rows × 2 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-ad0f4e04-31be-4942-a948-a38acde12ecb')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-ad0f4e04-31be-4942-a948-a38acde12ecb button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-ad0f4e04-31be-4942-a948-a38acde12ecb');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 23
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Format the data type of your column using `.astype()`:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "xC7OKgi4BgAt"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe['total_population'].astype(int)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "Iz04138dBgaA",
        "outputId": "03fa51ed-15fd-4e33-a7ff-ec88616fb6ef"
      },
      "execution_count": 24,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "0       6767\n",
              "1       1522\n",
              "2       5389\n",
              "3       5828\n",
              "4       4946\n",
              "        ... \n",
              "4695    4107\n",
              "4696    3119\n",
              "4697    4403\n",
              "4698    6004\n",
              "4699    4184\n",
              "Name: total_population, Length: 4700, dtype: int64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 24
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Create columns simply by naming them:"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "y0QtDgtHBsAd"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe['new_column'] = '$' + dataframe['median_income'].astype(str)\n",
        "dataframe.head()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 791
        },
        "id": "qgQ_lF7TBsb1",
        "outputId": "4ea5af27-d064-4167-cb23-04d565649809"
      },
      "execution_count": 25,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "         geoid                                        name  total_population  \\\n",
              "0  34003001000  Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey              6767   \n",
              "1  34003002100  Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey              1522   \n",
              "2  34003002200  Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey              5389   \n",
              "3  34003002300  Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey              5828   \n",
              "4  34003003100  Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey              4946   \n",
              "\n",
              "   median_income  median_home_value  educational_attainment  white_alone  \\\n",
              "0       151641.0           680000.0                  3045.0       5667.0   \n",
              "1       114545.0          2000001.0                   836.0        788.0   \n",
              "2        90647.0           453800.0                  1791.0       3481.0   \n",
              "3       112031.0           610000.0                  2363.0       3595.0   \n",
              "4        76906.0           301900.0                  1588.0       1803.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "   black_alone  native   asian  native_hawaiian_pacific_islander  \\\n",
              "0         75.0     0.0   759.0                               0.0   \n",
              "1        141.0     0.0   444.0                               0.0   \n",
              "2         99.0     9.0  1247.0                               0.0   \n",
              "3         89.0    37.0  1627.0                               0.0   \n",
              "4        306.0     0.0  1435.0                               0.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "   some_other_race_alone  two_or_more  hispanic_or_latino new_column  \n",
              "0                    0.0        132.0               134.0  $151641.0  \n",
              "1                    0.0         27.0               122.0  $114545.0  \n",
              "2                   36.0         19.0               504.0   $90647.0  \n",
              "3                    0.0         32.0               448.0  $112031.0  \n",
              "4                   13.0         24.0              1365.0   $76906.0  "
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-aeb94309-0195-432b-8150-390dd73b1e7b\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>geoid</th>\n",
              "      <th>name</th>\n",
              "      <th>total_population</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_income</th>\n",
              "      <th>median_home_value</th>\n",
              "      <th>educational_attainment</th>\n",
              "      <th>white_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>black_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>native</th>\n",
              "      <th>asian</th>\n",
              "      <th>native_hawaiian_pacific_islander</th>\n",
              "      <th>some_other_race_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>two_or_more</th>\n",
              "      <th>hispanic_or_latino</th>\n",
              "      <th>new_column</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>0</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003001000</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 10, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>6767</td>\n",
              "      <td>151641.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>680000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3045.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>5667.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>75.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>759.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>132.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>134.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>$151641.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>1</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003002100</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 21, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>1522</td>\n",
              "      <td>114545.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2000001.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>836.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>788.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>141.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>444.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>27.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>122.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>$114545.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003002200</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 22, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5389</td>\n",
              "      <td>90647.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>453800.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1791.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3481.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>99.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>9.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1247.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>36.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>19.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>504.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>$90647.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>3</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003002300</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 23, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>5828</td>\n",
              "      <td>112031.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>610000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>2363.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>3595.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>89.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>37.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1627.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>32.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>448.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>$112031.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>4</th>\n",
              "      <td>34003003100</td>\n",
              "      <td>Census Tract 31, Bergen County, New Jersey</td>\n",
              "      <td>4946</td>\n",
              "      <td>76906.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>301900.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1588.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1803.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>306.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1435.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>13.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>24.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>1365.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>$76906.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-aeb94309-0195-432b-8150-390dd73b1e7b')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-aeb94309-0195-432b-8150-390dd73b1e7b button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-aeb94309-0195-432b-8150-390dd73b1e7b');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 25
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "## Doing math for summaries\n",
        "\n",
        "Different mathematical functions are below (and in comments)"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "-H4VQSLXB4s0"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe['median_income'].describe()\n",
        "#dataframe['median_income'].mean()\n",
        "#dataframe['median_income'].median()\n",
        "#dataframe['median_income'].sum()\n",
        "#dataframe['median_income'].count()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/"
        },
        "id": "uYTpRkHNB6aI",
        "outputId": "eddfd7a2-7b9e-4384-dac6-a3aaee1336fa"
      },
      "execution_count": 26,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "count    4.700000e+03\n",
              "mean    -1.269190e+07\n",
              "std      9.138565e+07\n",
              "min     -6.666667e+08\n",
              "25%      4.652675e+04\n",
              "50%      6.894450e+04\n",
              "75%      9.595675e+04\n",
              "max      2.500010e+05\n",
              "Name: median_income, dtype: float64"
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 26
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "markdown",
      "source": [
        "Here's how you group data based on columns using `.groupby()` and do simple analyses of a third column within these groupings. Think of it as a simple pivot table:\n"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "id": "irmBZoZDDjBp"
      }
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe.groupby(['white_alone','black_alone']).agg({'median_home_value':'mean'})"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 455
        },
        "id": "bLJ2ZPtWDlRP",
        "outputId": "d449d9c9-f66a-40f7-cdce-69010accdad2"
      },
      "execution_count": 27,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                         median_home_value\n",
              "white_alone black_alone                   \n",
              "0.0         0.0               -666666666.0\n",
              "            2.0               -666666666.0\n",
              "            8.0               -666666666.0\n",
              "            11.0              -666666666.0\n",
              "            18.0              -666666666.0\n",
              "...                                    ...\n",
              "10236.0     226.0                 708600.0\n",
              "10427.0     715.0                 581800.0\n",
              "11256.0     67.0                  353900.0\n",
              "11821.0     598.0             -666666666.0\n",
              "12390.0     335.0                 918600.0\n",
              "\n",
              "[4639 rows x 1 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-24f1bb5c-5ae9-47f6-9ac8-a74b1c001d0b\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>median_home_value</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>white_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>black_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th rowspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\">0.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>0.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>18.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10236.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>226.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>708600.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10427.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>715.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>581800.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11256.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>67.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>353900.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11821.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>598.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>12390.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>335.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>918600.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>4639 rows × 1 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-24f1bb5c-5ae9-47f6-9ac8-a74b1c001d0b')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-24f1bb5c-5ae9-47f6-9ac8-a74b1c001d0b button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-24f1bb5c-5ae9-47f6-9ac8-a74b1c001d0b');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 27
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "cell_type": "code",
      "source": [
        "dataframe.groupby(['white_alone','black_alone'])['median_income'].describe()"
      ],
      "metadata": {
        "colab": {
          "base_uri": "https://localhost:8080/",
          "height": 455
        },
        "id": "7Aq0WeWqDqSE",
        "outputId": "47dbc289-2d75-4e9e-8b1c-6d8d95d674ec"
      },
      "execution_count": 28,
      "outputs": [
        {
          "output_type": "execute_result",
          "data": {
            "text/plain": [
              "                         count         mean  std          min          25%  \\\n",
              "white_alone black_alone                                                      \n",
              "0.0         0.0           53.0 -666666666.0  0.0 -666666666.0 -666666666.0   \n",
              "            2.0            1.0 -666666666.0  NaN -666666666.0 -666666666.0   \n",
              "            8.0            1.0 -666666666.0  NaN -666666666.0 -666666666.0   \n",
              "            11.0           1.0 -666666666.0  NaN -666666666.0 -666666666.0   \n",
              "            18.0           1.0 -666666666.0  NaN -666666666.0 -666666666.0   \n",
              "...                        ...          ...  ...          ...          ...   \n",
              "10236.0     226.0          1.0     102165.0  NaN     102165.0     102165.0   \n",
              "10427.0     715.0          1.0      82026.0  NaN      82026.0      82026.0   \n",
              "11256.0     67.0           1.0      52979.0  NaN      52979.0      52979.0   \n",
              "11821.0     598.0          1.0      94000.0  NaN      94000.0      94000.0   \n",
              "12390.0     335.0          1.0     101554.0  NaN     101554.0     101554.0   \n",
              "\n",
              "                                 50%          75%          max  \n",
              "white_alone black_alone                                         \n",
              "0.0         0.0         -666666666.0 -666666666.0 -666666666.0  \n",
              "            2.0         -666666666.0 -666666666.0 -666666666.0  \n",
              "            8.0         -666666666.0 -666666666.0 -666666666.0  \n",
              "            11.0        -666666666.0 -666666666.0 -666666666.0  \n",
              "            18.0        -666666666.0 -666666666.0 -666666666.0  \n",
              "...                              ...          ...          ...  \n",
              "10236.0     226.0           102165.0     102165.0     102165.0  \n",
              "10427.0     715.0            82026.0      82026.0      82026.0  \n",
              "11256.0     67.0             52979.0      52979.0      52979.0  \n",
              "11821.0     598.0            94000.0      94000.0      94000.0  \n",
              "12390.0     335.0           101554.0     101554.0     101554.0  \n",
              "\n",
              "[4639 rows x 8 columns]"
            ],
            "text/html": [
              "\n",
              "  <div id=\"df-02ebf5b2-5868-480c-bf0f-5f7d0cf2da29\">\n",
              "    <div class=\"colab-df-container\">\n",
              "      <div>\n",
              "<style scoped>\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
              "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
              "        vertical-align: top;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
              "        text-align: right;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "</style>\n",
              "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
              "  <thead>\n",
              "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th>count</th>\n",
              "      <th>mean</th>\n",
              "      <th>std</th>\n",
              "      <th>min</th>\n",
              "      <th>25%</th>\n",
              "      <th>50%</th>\n",
              "      <th>75%</th>\n",
              "      <th>max</th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>white_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th>black_alone</th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "      <th></th>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </thead>\n",
              "  <tbody>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th rowspan=\"5\" valign=\"top\">0.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>0.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>53.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>2.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>8.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>18.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>-666666666.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <th>...</th>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "      <td>...</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10236.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>226.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102165.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>102165.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102165.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102165.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102165.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>102165.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>10427.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>715.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>82026.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>82026.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>82026.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>82026.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>82026.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>82026.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11256.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>67.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52979.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>52979.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52979.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52979.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52979.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>52979.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>11821.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>598.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>94000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>94000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>94000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>94000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>94000.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>94000.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "    <tr>\n",
              "      <th>12390.0</th>\n",
              "      <th>335.0</th>\n",
              "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>101554.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>NaN</td>\n",
              "      <td>101554.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>101554.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>101554.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>101554.0</td>\n",
              "      <td>101554.0</td>\n",
              "    </tr>\n",
              "  </tbody>\n",
              "</table>\n",
              "<p>4639 rows × 8 columns</p>\n",
              "</div>\n",
              "      <button class=\"colab-df-convert\" onclick=\"convertToInteractive('df-02ebf5b2-5868-480c-bf0f-5f7d0cf2da29')\"\n",
              "              title=\"Convert this dataframe to an interactive table.\"\n",
              "              style=\"display:none;\">\n",
              "        \n",
              "  <svg xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/2000/svg\" height=\"24px\"viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"\n",
              "       width=\"24px\">\n",
              "    <path d=\"M0 0h24v24H0V0z\" fill=\"none\"/>\n",
              "    <path d=\"M18.56 5.44l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm-11 1L8.5 8.5l.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94L8.5 2.5l-.94 2.06-2.06.94zm10 10l.94 2.06.94-2.06 2.06-.94-2.06-.94-.94-2.06-.94 2.06-2.06.94z\"/><path d=\"M17.41 7.96l-1.37-1.37c-.4-.4-.92-.59-1.43-.59-.52 0-1.04.2-1.43.59L10.3 9.45l-7.72 7.72c-.78.78-.78 2.05 0 2.83L4 21.41c.39.39.9.59 1.41.59.51 0 1.02-.2 1.41-.59l7.78-7.78 2.81-2.81c.8-.78.8-2.07 0-2.86zM5.41 20L4 18.59l7.72-7.72 1.47 1.35L5.41 20z\"/>\n",
              "  </svg>\n",
              "      </button>\n",
              "      \n",
              "  <style>\n",
              "    .colab-df-container {\n",
              "      display:flex;\n",
              "      flex-wrap:wrap;\n",
              "      gap: 12px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #E8F0FE;\n",
              "      border: none;\n",
              "      border-radius: 50%;\n",
              "      cursor: pointer;\n",
              "      display: none;\n",
              "      fill: #1967D2;\n",
              "      height: 32px;\n",
              "      padding: 0 0 0 0;\n",
              "      width: 32px;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #E2EBFA;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 2px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.3), 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(60, 64, 67, 0.15);\n",
              "      fill: #174EA6;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert {\n",
              "      background-color: #3B4455;\n",
              "      fill: #D2E3FC;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "\n",
              "    [theme=dark] .colab-df-convert:hover {\n",
              "      background-color: #434B5C;\n",
              "      box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15);\n",
              "      filter: drop-shadow(0px 1px 2px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3));\n",
              "      fill: #FFFFFF;\n",
              "    }\n",
              "  </style>\n",
              "\n",
              "      <script>\n",
              "        const buttonEl =\n",
              "          document.querySelector('#df-02ebf5b2-5868-480c-bf0f-5f7d0cf2da29 button.colab-df-convert');\n",
              "        buttonEl.style.display =\n",
              "          google.colab.kernel.accessAllowed ? 'block' : 'none';\n",
              "\n",
              "        async function convertToInteractive(key) {\n",
              "          const element = document.querySelector('#df-02ebf5b2-5868-480c-bf0f-5f7d0cf2da29');\n",
              "          const dataTable =\n",
              "            await google.colab.kernel.invokeFunction('convertToInteractive',\n",
              "                                                     [key], {});\n",
              "          if (!dataTable) return;\n",
              "\n",
              "          const docLinkHtml = 'Like what you see? Visit the ' +\n",
              "            '<a target=\"_blank\" href=https://colab.research.google.com/notebooks/data_table.ipynb>data table notebook</a>'\n",
              "            + ' to learn more about interactive tables.';\n",
              "          element.innerHTML = '';\n",
              "          dataTable['output_type'] = 'display_data';\n",
              "          await google.colab.output.renderOutput(dataTable, element);\n",
              "          const docLink = document.createElement('div');\n",
              "          docLink.innerHTML = docLinkHtml;\n",
              "          element.appendChild(docLink);\n",
              "        }\n",
              "      </script>\n",
              "    </div>\n",
              "  </div>\n",
              "  "
            ]
          },
          "metadata": {},
          "execution_count": 28
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "metadata": {
    "colab": {
      "provenance": [],
      "toc_visible": true,
      "include_colab_link": true
    },
    "kernelspec": {
      "display_name": "Python 3",
      "name": "python3"
    },
    "language_info": {
      "name": "python"
    }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 0
}