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browser.py
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import socket
import ssl
import sys
import time
import tkinter
import tkinter.font
import shlex
import urllib.parse
import dukpy
cache = {}
timers = set()
BLOCK_ELEMENTS = [
"html", "body", "article", "section", "nav", "aside",
"h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6", "hgroup", "header",
"footer", "address", "p", "hr", "pre", "blockquote",
"ol", "ul", "menu", "li", "dl", "dt", "dd", "figure",
"figcaption", "main", "div", "table", "form", "fieldset",
"legend", "details", "summary"
]
COOKIE_JAR = {}
def p(m):
print(m, file=sys.stderr)
def resolve_url(url, current):
if "://" in url:
return url
elif url.startswith("/"):
scheme, hostpath = current.split("://", 1)
host, oldpath = hostpath.split("/", 1)
return scheme + "://" + host + url
else:
scheme, hostpath = current.split("://", 1)
if "/" not in hostpath:
current = current + "/"
dir, _ = current.rsplit("/", 1)
while url.startswith("../"):
url = url[3:]
if dir.count("/") == 2:
continue
dir, _ = dir.rsplit("/", 1)
return dir + "/" + url
def tree_to_list(tree, list):
list.append(tree)
for child in tree.children:
tree_to_list(child, list)
return list
def request(url, top_level_url, payload=None, refer_policy=None):
scheme, url = url.split("://", 1)
assert scheme in ["http", "https"], \
"Unknown scheme {}".format(scheme)
if "/" not in url:
url = url + "/"
host, path = url.split("/", 1)
path = "/" + path
port = 80 if scheme == "http" else 443
if ":" in host:
host, port = host.split(":", 1)
port = int(port)
s = socket.socket(
family=socket.AF_INET,
type=socket.SOCK_STREAM,
proto=socket.IPPROTO_TCP,
)
s.connect((host, port))
if scheme == "https":
try:
ctx = ssl.create_default_context()
s = ctx.wrap_socket(s, server_hostname=host)
except Exception:
return {}, "<!doctype html>\nSecure Connection Failed", False
method = "POST" if payload else "GET"
body = "{} {} HTTP/1.0\r\n".format(method, path)
body += "Host: {}\r\n".format(host)
if host in COOKIE_JAR:
cookie, params = COOKIE_JAR[host]
allow_cookie = True
if top_level_url and params.get("samesite", "none") == "lax":
_, _, top_level_host, _ = top_level_url.split("/", 3)
if ":" in top_level_host:
top_level_host, _ = top_level_host.split(":", 1)
allow_cookie = (host == top_level_host or method == "GET")
if allow_cookie:
body += "Cookie: {}\r\n".format(cookie)
if payload:
content_length = len(payload.encode("utf8"))
body += "Content-Length: {}\r\n".format(content_length)
if refer_policy == "no-referrer":
pass
elif refer_policy == "same-origin":
_, _, top_level_host, _ = top_level_url.split("/", 3)
if ":" in top_level_host:
top_level_host, _ = top_level_host.split(":", 1)
if top_level_host == host:
body += "Referer: {}\r\n".format(top_level_url)
else:
body += "Referer: {}\r\n".format(top_level_url)
body += "\r\n" + (payload if payload else "")
s.send(body.encode("utf8"))
response = s.makefile("r", encoding="utf8", newline="\r\n")
statusline = response.readline()
version, status, explanation = statusline.split(" ", 2)
assert status == "200", "{}: {}".format(status, explanation)
headers = {}
while True:
line = response.readline()
if line == "\r\n":
break
header, value = line.split(":", 1)
headers[header.lower()] = value.strip()
if "set-cookie" in headers:
params = {}
if ";" in headers["set-cookie"]:
cookie, rest = headers["set-cookie"].split(";", 1)
for param_pair in rest.split(";"):
if '=' in param_pair:
name, value = param_pair.strip().split("=", 1)
else:
name = param_pair.strip()
value = ""
params[name.lower()] = value.lower()
else:
cookie = headers["set-cookie"]
COOKIE_JAR[host] = (cookie, params)
assert "transfer-encoding" not in headers
assert "content-encoding" not in headers
body = response.read()
s.close()
return headers, body, scheme == "https"
def layout_mode(node):
if isinstance(node, Text):
return "inline"
elif node.children:
for child in node.children:
if isinstance(child, Text):
continue
if child.tag in BLOCK_ELEMENTS:
return "block"
return "inline"
elif node.tag == "input":
return "inline"
else:
return "block"
class Text:
def __init__(self, text, parent):
self.text = text
self.children = []
self.parent = parent
def __repr__(self):
return repr(self.text)
class Element:
def __init__(self, tag, attributes, parent):
self.tag = tag
self.attributes = attributes
self.children = []
self.parent = parent
def __repr__(self):
attrs = [" " + k + '="' + v + '"' for k, v in self.attributes.items()]
return "<" + self.tag + "".join(attrs) + ">"
class HTMLParser:
def __init__(self, body):
self.body = body
self.unfinished = []
self.SELF_CLOSING_TAGS = [
"area", "base", "br", "col", "embed", "hr", "img", "input",
"link", "meta", "param", "source", "track", "wbr",
]
self.HEAD_TAGS = [
"base", "basefont", "bgsound", "noscript",
"link", "meta", "title", "style", "script",
]
def parse(self):
text = ""
in_tag = False
for c in self.body:
if c == "<":
in_tag = True
if text:
self.add_text(text)
text = ""
elif c == ">":
in_tag = False
self.add_tag(text)
text = ""
else:
text += c
if not in_tag and text:
self.add_text(text)
return self.finish()
def get_attributes(self, text):
parts = text.split()
tag = parts[0].lower()
attributes = {}
for attrpair in parts[1:]:
if "=" in attrpair:
key, value = attrpair.split("=", 1)
if len(value) > 2 and value[0] in ["'", "\""]:
value = value[1:-1]
attributes[key.lower()] = value
else:
attributes[attrpair.lower()] = ""
return tag, attributes
def add_text(self, text):
if text.isspace():
return
self.implicit_tags(None)
parent = self.unfinished[-1]
node = Text(text, parent)
parent.children.append(node)
def add_tag(self, tag):
tag, attributes = self.get_attributes(tag)
if tag.startswith("!"):
return
self.implicit_tags(tag)
if tag.startswith("/"):
if len(self.unfinished) == 1:
return
node = self.unfinished.pop()
parent = self.unfinished[-1]
parent.children.append(node)
elif tag in self.SELF_CLOSING_TAGS:
parent = self.unfinished[-1]
node = Element(tag, attributes, parent)
parent.children.append(node)
else:
found = False
parent = self.unfinished[-1] if self.unfinished else None
# check if there is unclosed paragraph tag
for unfinished in self.unfinished:
if isinstance(parent, Element) and unfinished.tag == "p":
found = True
break
# close all unclosed tags then reopen them
if found and tag == "p":
closed_tags = []
while True:
node = self.unfinished.pop()
parent2 = self.unfinished[-1]
parent2.children.append(node)
if isinstance(node, Element) and node.tag != "p":
closed_tags.append(node)
if isinstance(node, Element) and node.tag == "p":
break
node = Element(tag, attributes, parent)
self.unfinished.append(node)
if found and tag == "p":
for closed in closed_tags:
new = Element(closed.tag, closed.attributes, closed.parent)
self.unfinished.append(new)
def implicit_tags(self, tag):
while True:
open_tags = [node.tag for node in self.unfinished]
if open_tags == [] and tag != "html":
self.add_tag("html")
elif open_tags == ["html"] and tag not in ["head", "body", "/html"]:
if tag in self.HEAD_TAGS:
self.add_tag("head")
else:
self.add_tag("body")
elif (
open_tags == ["html", "head"] and tag not in [
"/head"] + self.HEAD_TAGS
):
self.add_tag("/head")
else:
break
def finish(self):
if len(self.unfinished) == 0:
self.add_tag("html")
while len(self.unfinished) > 1:
node = self.unfinished.pop()
parent = self.unfinished[-1]
parent.children.append(node)
return self.unfinished.pop()
def print_tree(node, indent=0):
print(" " * indent, node)
for child in node.children:
print_tree(child, indent + 2)
def show(body):
in_angle = False
for c in body:
if c == "<":
in_angle = True
elif c == ">":
in_angle = False
elif not in_angle:
print(c, end="")
WIDTH, HEIGHT = 800, 600
HSTEP, VSTEP = 13, 18
DEFAULT_FILE_URL = "file://browser.py"
SCROLL_STEP = 100
FONTS = {}
def get_font(size, weight, slant):
key = (size, weight, slant)
if key not in FONTS:
font = tkinter.font.Font(size=size, weight=weight, slant=slant)
FONTS[key] = font
return FONTS[key]
class DocumentLayout:
def __init__(self, node):
self.node = node
self.parent = None
self.children = []
def layout(self):
child = BlockLayout(self.node, self, None)
self.children.append(child)
child.layout()
# mypy typechecker for python
class BlockLayout:
def __init__(self, node, parent, previous):
self.node = node
self.parent = parent
self.previous = previous
self.children = []
self.x = None
self.y = None
self.width = None
self.height = None
def layout(self):
self.width = self.parent.width
self.x = self.parent.x
if self.previous:
self.y = self.previous.y + self.previous.height
else:
self.y = self.parent.y
mode = layout_mode(self.node)
if mode == "block":
previous = None
for child in self.node.children:
next = BlockLayout(child, self, previous)
self.children.append(next)
previous = next
else:
self.new_line()
self.recurse(self.node)
for child in self.children:
child.layout()
self.height = sum([child.height for child in self.children])
def recurse(self, node):
if isinstance(node, Text):
self.text(node)
else:
if node.tag == "br":
self.new_line()
elif node.tag == "input" or node.tag == "button":
self.input(node)
else:
for child in node.children:
self.recurse(child)
def new_line(self):
self.previous_word = None
self.cursor_x = 0
last_line = self.children[-1] if self.children else None
new_line = LineLayout(self.node, self, last_line)
self.children.append(new_line)
def get_font(self, node):
weight = node.style["font-weight"]
style = node.style["font-style"]
if style == "normal":
style = "roman"
size = int(float(node.style["font-size"][:-2]) * .75)
return get_font(size, weight, style)
def text(self, node):
font = self.get_font(node)
for word in node.text.split():
w = font.measure(word)
if self.cursor_x + w > self.width:
self.new_line()
line = self.children[-1]
text = TextLayout(node, word, line, self.previous_word)
line.children.append(text)
self.previous_word = text
self.cursor_x += w + font.measure(" ")
def input(self, node):
w = INPUT_WIDTH_PX
if self.cursor_x + w > self.width:
self.new_line()
line = self.children[-1]
input = InputLayout(node, line, self.previous_word)
line.children.append(input)
self.previous_word = input
font = self.get_font(node)
self.cursor_x += w + font.measure(" ")
def paint(self, display_list):
bgcolor = self.node.style.get("background-color",
"transparent")
is_atomic = not isinstance(self.node, Text) and \
(self.node.tag == "input" or self.node.tag == "button")
if not is_atomic:
if bgcolor != "transparent":
x2, y2 = self.x + self.width, self.y + self.height
rect = DrawRect(self.x, self.y, x2, y2, bgcolor)
display_list.append(rect)
for child in self.children:
child.paint(display_list)
def __repr__(self):
if layout_mode(self.node) == "block":
return "BlockLayout(x={}, y={}, width={}, height={})".format(
self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
else:
return "InlineLayout(x={}, y={}, width={}, height={})".format(
self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
class DocumentLayout:
def __init__(self, node):
self.node = node
self.parent = None
self.previous = None
self.children = []
def layout(self):
child = BlockLayout(self.node, self, None)
self.children.append(child)
self.width = WIDTH - 2*HSTEP
self.x = HSTEP
self.y = VSTEP
child.layout()
self.height = child.height + 2*VSTEP
def paint(self, display_list):
self.children[0].paint(display_list)
def __repr__(self):
return "DocumentLayout()"
class DrawText:
def __init__(self, x1, y1, text, font, color):
self.top = y1
self.left = x1
self.text = text
self.font = font
self.color = color
self.bottom = y1 + font.metrics("linespace")
def execute(self, scroll, canvas):
canvas.create_text(
self.left, self.top - scroll,
text=self.text,
font=self.font,
anchor='nw',
fill=self.color,
)
def __repr__(self):
return "DrawText(top={} left={} bottom={} text={} font={})".format(
self.top, self.left, self.bottom, self.text, self.font)
class DrawRect:
def __init__(self, x1, y1, x2, y2, color):
self.top = y1
self.left = x1
self.bottom = y2
self.right = x2
self.color = color
def execute(self, scroll, canvas):
canvas.create_rectangle(
self.left, self.top - scroll,
self.right, self.bottom - scroll,
width=0,
fill=self.color,
)
def __repr__(self):
return "DrawRect(top={} left={} bottom={} right={} color={})".format(
self.top, self.left, self.bottom, self.right, self.color)
class TagSelector:
def __init__(self, tag):
self.tag = tag
self.priority = 1
def matches(self, node):
return isinstance(node, Element) and self.tag == node.tag
def __repr__(self):
return "TagSelector(tag={}, priority={})".format(
self.tag, self.priority)
class DescendantSelector:
def __init__(self, ancestor, descendant):
self.ancestor = ancestor
self.descendant = descendant
self.priority = ancestor.priority + descendant.priority
def matches(self, node):
if not self.descendant.matches(node):
return False
while node.parent:
if self.ancestor.matches(node.parent):
return True
node = node.parent
return False
def __repr__(self):
return ("DescendantSelector(ancestor={}, descendant={}, priority={})") \
.format(self.ancestor, self.descendant, self.priority)
INHERITED_PROPERTIES = {
"font-size": "16px",
"font-style": "normal",
"font-weight": "normal",
"color": "black",
}
def compute_style(node, property, value):
if property == "font-size":
if value.endswith("px"):
return value
elif value.endswith("%"):
if node.parent:
parent_font_size = node.parent.style["font-size"]
else:
parent_font_size = INHERITED_PROPERTIES["font-size"]
node_pct = float(value[:-1]) / 100
parent_px = float(parent_font_size[:-2])
return str(node_pct * parent_px) + "px"
else:
return None
else:
return value
def style(node, rules):
node.style = {}
for property, default_value in INHERITED_PROPERTIES.items():
if node.parent:
node.style[property] = node.parent.style[property]
else:
node.style[property] = default_value
for selector, body in rules:
if not selector.matches(node):
continue
for property, value in body.items():
computed_value = compute_style(node, property, value)
if not computed_value:
continue
node.style[property] = computed_value
if isinstance(node, Element) and "style" in node.attributes:
pairs = CSSParser(node.attributes["style"]).body()
for property, value in pairs.items():
computed_value = compute_style(node, property, value)
node.style[property] = computed_value
for child in node.children:
style(child, rules)
def cascade_priority(rule):
selector, body = rule
return selector.priority
class CSSParser:
def __init__(self, s):
self.s = s
self.i = 0
def whitespace(self):
while self.i < len(self.s) and self.s[self.i].isspace():
self.i += 1
def literal(self, literal):
assert self.i < len(self.s) and self.s[self.i] == literal
self.i += 1
def word(self):
start = self.i
while self.i < len(self.s):
if self.s[self.i].isalnum() or self.s[self.i] in "#-.%":
self.i += 1
else:
break
assert self.i > start
return self.s[start:self.i]
def pair(self):
prop = self.word()
self.whitespace()
self.literal(":")
self.whitespace()
val = self.word()
return prop.lower(), val
def ignore_until(self, chars):
while self.i < len(self.s):
if self.s[self.i] in chars:
return self.s[self.i]
else:
self.i += 1
def body(self):
pairs = {}
while self.i < len(self.s) and self.s[self.i] != "}":
try:
prop, val = self.pair()
pairs[prop.lower()] = val
self.whitespace()
self.literal(";")
self.whitespace()
except AssertionError:
why = self.ignore_until([";", "}"])
if why == ";":
self.literal(";")
self.whitespace()
else:
break
return pairs
def selector(self):
out = TagSelector(self.word().lower())
self.whitespace()
while self.i < len(self.s) and self.s[self.i] != "{":
tag = self.word()
descendant = TagSelector(tag.lower())
out = DescendantSelector(out, descendant)
self.whitespace()
return out
def parse(self):
rules = []
while self.i < len(self.s):
try:
self.whitespace()
selector = self.selector()
self.literal("{")
self.whitespace()
body = self.body()
self.literal("}")
rules.append((selector, body))
except AssertionError:
why = self.ignore_until(["}"])
if why == "}":
self.literal("}")
self.whitespace()
else:
break
return rules
class Browser:
def __init__(self):
self.window = tkinter.Tk()
self.canvas = tkinter.Canvas(
self.window,
width=WIDTH,
height=HEIGHT,
bg="white",
)
self.canvas.pack()
self.window.bind("<Down>", self.handle_down)
self.window.bind("<Button-1>", self.handle_click)
self.window.bind("<Key>", self.handle_key)
self.window.bind("<Return>", self.handle_enter)
self.tabs = []
self.active_tab = None
self.focus = None
self.address_bar = ""
def handle_down(self, e):
self.tabs[self.active_tab].scrolldown()
self.draw()
def handle_click(self, e):
if e.y < CHROME_PX:
self.focus = None
if 40 <= e.x < 40 + 80 * len(self.tabs) and 0 <= e.y < 40:
self.active_tab = int((e.x - 40) / 80)
elif 10 <= e.x < 30 and 10 <= e.y < 30:
self.load("https://browser.engineering/")
elif 10 <= e.x < 35 and 50 <= e.y < 90:
self.tabs[self.active_tab].go_back()
elif 50 <= e.x < WIDTH - 10 and 50 <= e.y < 90:
self.focus = "address bar"
self.address_bar = ""
else:
self.focus = "content"
self.tabs[self.active_tab].click(e.x, e.y - CHROME_PX)
self.draw()
def handle_key(self, e):
if len(e.char) == 0:
return
if not (0x20 <= ord(e.char) < 0x7f):
return
if self.focus == "address bar":
self.address_bar += e.char
self.draw()
elif self.focus == "content":
self.tabs[self.active_tab].keypress(e.char)
self.draw()
def handle_enter(self, e):
if self.focus == "address bar":
self.tabs[self.active_tab].load(self.address_bar)
self.focus = None
self.draw()
def load(self, url):
new_tab = Tab()
new_tab.load(url)
self.active_tab = len(self.tabs)
self.tabs.append(new_tab)
self.draw()
def draw(self):
self.canvas.delete("all")
self.tabs[self.active_tab].draw(self.canvas)
self.canvas.create_rectangle(0, 0, WIDTH, CHROME_PX,
fill="white", outline="black")
tabfont = get_font(20, "normal", "roman")
for i, tab in enumerate(self.tabs):
name = "Tab {}".format(i)
x1, x2 = 40 + 80 * i, 120 + 80 * i
self.canvas.create_line(x1, 0, x1, 40, fill="black")
self.canvas.create_line(x2, 0, x2, 40, fill="black")
self.canvas.create_text(x1 + 10, 10, anchor="nw", text=name,
font=tabfont, fill="black")
if i == self.active_tab:
self.canvas.create_line(0, 40, x1, 40, fill="black")
self.canvas.create_line(x2, 40, WIDTH, 40, fill="black")
buttonfont = get_font(30, "normal", "roman")
self.canvas.create_rectangle(10, 10, 30, 30,
outline="black", width=1)
self.canvas.create_text(11, 0, anchor="nw", text="+",
font=buttonfont, fill="black")
self.canvas.create_rectangle(40, 50, WIDTH - 10, 90,
outline="black", width=1)
if self.focus == "address bar":
address_bar_text = self.address_bar
if self.tabs[self.active_tab].secure:
address_bar_text + "\N{lock}" + address_bar_text
self.canvas.create_text(
55, 55, anchor='nw', text=address_bar_text,
font=buttonfont, fill="black")
w = buttonfont.measure(self.address_bar)
self.canvas.create_line(55 + w, 55, 55 + w, 85, fill="black")
else:
url = self.tabs[self.active_tab].url
if self.tabs[self.active_tab].secure:
url = "\N{lock}" + url
self.canvas.create_text(55, 55, anchor='nw', text=url,
font=buttonfont, fill="black")
self.canvas.create_rectangle(10, 50, 35, 90,
outline="black", width=1)
self.canvas.create_polygon(
15, 70, 30, 55, 30, 85, fill='black')
class LineLayout:
def __init__(self, node, parent, previous):
self.node = node
self.parent = parent
self.previous = previous
self.children = []
self.x = None
self.y = None
self.width = None
self.height = None
def layout(self):
self.width = self.parent.width
self.x = self.parent.x
if self.previous:
self.y = self.previous.y + self.previous.height
else:
self.y = self.parent.y
for word in self.children:
word.layout()
if not self.children:
self.height = 0
return
max_ascent = max([word.font.metrics("ascent")
for word in self.children])
baseline = self.y + 1.25 * max_ascent
for word in self.children:
word.y = baseline - word.font.metrics("ascent")
max_descent = max([word.font.metrics("descent")
for word in self.children])
self.height = 1.25 * (max_ascent + max_descent)
def paint(self, display_list):
for child in self.children:
child.paint(display_list)
def __repr__(self):
return "LineLayout(x={}, y={}, width={}, height={})".format(
self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height)
class TextLayout:
def __init__(self, node, word, parent, previous):
self.node = node
self.word = word
self.children = []
self.parent = parent
self.previous = previous
self.x = None
self.y = None
self.width = None
self.height = None
self.font = None
def layout(self):
weight = self.node.style["font-weight"]
style = self.node.style["font-style"]
if style == "normal":
style = "roman"
size = int(float(self.node.style["font-size"][:-2]) * .75)
self.font = get_font(size, weight, style)
# Do not set self.y!!!
self.width = self.font.measure(self.word)
if self.previous:
space = self.previous.font.measure(" ")
self.x = self.previous.x + space + self.previous.width
else:
self.x = self.parent.x
self.height = self.font.metrics("linespace")
def paint(self, display_list):
color = self.node.style["color"]
display_list.append(
DrawText(self.x, self.y, self.word, self.font, color))
def __repr__(self):
return ("TextLayout(x={}, y={}, width={}, height={}, " +
"font={})").format(
self.x, self.y, self.width, self.height, self.font)
CHROME_PX = 100
class Tab:
def __init__(self):
self.history = []
self.focus = None
self.url = None
self.refer_policy = None
with open("browser.css") as f:
self.default_style_sheet = CSSParser(f.read()).parse()
def allowed_request(self, url):
return self.allowed_origins == None or \
url_origin(url) in self.allowed_origins
def load(self, url, body=None):
headers, body, sec = request(url, self.url, body, self.refer_policy)
self.secure = sec
self.scroll = 0
self.url = url
self.history.append(url)
self.allowed_origins = None
if "content-security-policy" in headers:
csp = headers["content-security-policy"].split()
if len(csp) > 0 and csp[0] == "default-src":
self.allowed_origins = csp[1:]
if "referrer-policy" in headers:
self.refer_policy = headers["referrer-policy"]
else:
self.refer_policy = None
self.nodes = HTMLParser(body).parse()
self.js = JSContext(self)
scripts = [node.attributes["src"] for node
in tree_to_list(self.nodes, [])
if isinstance(node, Element)
and node.tag == "script"
and "src" in node.attributes]
for script in scripts:
script_url = resolve_url(script, url)
if not self.allowed_request(script_url):
print("Blocked script", script, "due to CSP")
continue
header, body, secure = request(
script_url, url, refer_policy=self.refer_policy)
self.secure = secure
try:
self.js.run(body)
except dukpy.JSRuntimeError as e:
print("Script", script, "crashed", e)
self.rules = self.default_style_sheet.copy()
links = [node.attributes["href"]
for node in tree_to_list(self.nodes, [])
if isinstance(node, Element)
and node.tag == "link"
and "href" in node.attributes
and node.attributes.get("rel") == "stylesheet"]
for link in links:
style_url = resolve_url(link, url)
if not self.allowed_request(style_url):
print("Blocked style", link, "due to CSP")
continue
try:
header, body, _ = request(style_url, url, self.refer_policy)
except:
continue
self.rules.extend(CSSParser(body).parse())
self.render()
def render(self):