diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index 24654ec2d1..b121ce096d 100644
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -1,3 +1,40 @@
-var kittens = [] //define your array here
+var kittens = ['Milo', 'Otis', 'Garfield'] //define your array here
 
 // Add your functions and code here
+function destructivelyAppendKitten(element) {
+ kittens.push(element);
+ return kittens;
+}
+
+function destructivelyPrependKitten(element) {
+ kittens.unshift(element);
+ return kittens;
+}
+
+function destructivelyRemoveLastKitten() {
+ return kittens.pop();
+}
+
+function destructivelyRemoveFirstKitten() {
+ return kittens.shift();
+}
+
+function appendKitten(element) {
+  const newArray = [...kittens, element];
+  return newArray;
+}
+
+function prependKitten(element) {
+  const newArray = [element, ...kittens];
+  return newArray;
+}
+
+function removeLastKitten() {
+  const newArray = kittens.slice(0, kittens.length - 1);
+  return newArray;
+}
+
+function removeFirstKitten() {
+  const newArray = kittens.slice(1);
+  return newArray;
+}
\ No newline at end of file