cmd/compile: infinite loop in the inliner [1.24 backport]

[gopherbot]

@dr2chase requested issue #73425 to be considered for backport to the next 1.24 minor release.

@gopherbot, please open a backport issue for 1.24. This is a serious compiler bug and a regression in 1.24.

[gopherbot]

Change https://go.dev/cl/666555 mentions this issue: [release-branch.go1.24] cmd/compile: remove no-longer-necessary recursive inlining checks

[gopherbot]

Closed by merging CL 666555 (commit 06fd2f1) to release-branch.go1.24.