Merge branch 'geekcomputers:master' into master

Author: OfficialAhmed

Merge_linked_list.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ class LinkedList:
     # Function to initialize head
     def __init__(self):
         self.head = None
+        self.tail = None
 
     # Method to print linked list
     def printList(self):
@@ -29,12 +30,10 @@ def append(self, new_data):
 
         if self.head is None:
             self.head = new_node
+            self.tail = new_node
             return
-        last = self.head
-
-        while last.next:
-            last = last.next
-        last.next = new_node
+        self.tail.next = new_node
+        self.tail = self.tail.next
 
 
 # Function to merge two sorted linked list.

swap.py

@@ -1,12 +1,79 @@
-x = 5
-y = 10
+class Swapper:
+    """
+    A class to perform swapping of two values.
 
-# To take inputs from the user
-# x = input('Enter value of x: ')
-# y = input('Enter value of y: ')
+    Methods:
+    -------
+    swap_tuple_unpacking(self):
+        Swaps the values of x and y using a tuple unpacking method.
+    
+    swap_temp_variable(self):
+        Swaps the values of x and y using a temporary variable.
+    
+    swap_arithmetic_operations(self):
+        Swaps the values of x and y using arithmetic operations.
 
-# Swap the values of x and y without the use of any temporary value
-x, y = y, x
+    """
 
-print("The value of x after swapping: {}".format(x))
-print("The value of y after swapping: {}".format(y))
+    def __init__(self, x, y):
+        """
+        Initialize the Swapper class with two values.
+
+        Parameters:
+        ----------
+        x : int
+            The first value to be swapped.
+        y : int
+            The second value to be swapped.
+
+        """
+        if not isinstance(x, int) or not isinstance(y, int):
+            raise ValueError("Both x and y should be integers.")
+        
+        self.x = x
+        self.y = y
+
+    def display_values(self, message):
+        print(f"{message} x: {self.x}, y: {self.y}")
+
+    def swap_tuple_unpacking(self):
+        """
+        Swaps the values of x and y using a tuple unpacking method.
+
+        """
+        self.display_values("Before swapping")
+        self.x, self.y = self.y, self.x
+        self.display_values("After swapping")
+
+    def swap_temp_variable(self):
+        """
+        Swaps the values of x and y using a temporary variable.
+
+        """
+        self.display_values("Before swapping")
+        temp = self.x
+        self.x = self.y
+        self.y = temp
+        self.display_values("After swapping")
+
+    def swap_arithmetic_operations(self):
+        """
+        Swaps the values of x and y using arithmetic operations.
+
+        """
+        self.display_values("Before swapping")
+        self.x = self.x - self.y
+        self.y = self.x + self.y
+        self.x = self.y - self.x
+        self.display_values("After swapping")
+
+
+print("Example 1:")
+swapper1 = Swapper(5, 10)
+swapper1.swap_tuple_unpacking()
+print()
+
+print("Example 2:")
+swapper2 = Swapper(100, 200)
+swapper2.swap_temp_variable()
+print()