diff --git a/src/cid.js b/src/cid.js
index a13d4ec8..852b3d53 100644
--- a/src/cid.js
+++ b/src/cid.js
@@ -484,6 +484,10 @@ export class CID {
 
     const cid = CID.decode(bytes)
 
+    if (cid.version === 0 && source[0] !== 'Q') {
+      throw Error('Version 0 CID string must not include multibase prefix')
+    }
+
     // Cache string representation to avoid computing it on `this.toString()`
     baseCache(cid).set(prefix, source)
 
diff --git a/test/test-cid.spec.js b/test/test-cid.spec.js
index cf59103a..e6a6b806 100644
--- a/test/test-cid.spec.js
+++ b/test/test-cid.spec.js
@@ -85,6 +85,12 @@ describe('CID', () => {
       assert.throws(() => cid.toString(base32), msg)
     })
 
+    it('throws on CIDv0 string with explicit multibase prefix', async () => {
+      const str = 'zQmdfTbBqBPQ7VNxZEYEj14VmRuZBkqFbiwReogJgS1zR1n'
+      const msg = 'Version 0 CID string must not include multibase prefix'
+      assert.throws(() => CID.parse(str), msg)
+    })
+
     it('.bytes', async () => {
       const hash = await sha256.digest(textEncoder.encode('abc'))
       const codec = 112