diff --git a/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/canonical-data.json b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/canonical-data.json new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f14035cad --- /dev/null +++ b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/canonical-data.json @@ -0,0 +1,440 @@ +{ + "exercise": "intergalactic-transmission", + "comments": ["Inputs and expected data are given in hexadecimal"], + "cases": [ + { + "description": "calculate transmit sequences", + "cases": [ + { + "uuid": "f99d4046-b429-4582-9324-f0bcac7ab51c", + "description": "empty message", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": [] + }, + "expected": [] + }, + { + "uuid": "ee27ea2d-8999-4f23-9275-8f6879545f86", + "description": "0x00 is transmitted as 0x0000", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0x00"] + }, + "expected": ["0x00", "0x00"] + }, + { + "uuid": "97f27f98-8020-402d-be85-f21ba54a6df0", + "description": "0x02 is transmitted as 0x0300", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0x02"] + }, + "expected": ["0x03", "0x00"] + }, + { + "uuid": "24712fb9-0336-4e2f-835e-d2350f29c420", + "description": "0x06 is transmitted as 0x0600", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0x06"] + }, + "expected": ["0x06", "0x00"] + }, + { + "uuid": "7630b5a9-dba1-4178-b2a0-4a376f7414e0", + "description": "0x05 is transmitted as 0x0581", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0x05"] + }, + "expected": ["0x05", "0x81"] + }, + { + "uuid": "ab4fe80b-ef8e-4a99-b4fb-001937af415d", + "description": "0x29 is transmitted as 0x2881", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0x29"] + }, + "expected": ["0x28", "0x81"] + }, + { + "uuid": "4e200d84-593b-4449-b7c0-4de1b6a0955e", + "description": "0xc001c0de is transmitted as 0xc000711be1", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0xc0", "0x01", "0xc0", "0xde"] + }, + "expected": ["0xc0", "0x00", "0x71", "0x1b", "0xe1"] + }, + { + "uuid": "fbc537e9-6b21-4f4a-8c2b-9cf9b702a9b7", + "description": "six byte message", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0x47", "0x72", "0x65", "0x61", "0x74", "0x21"] + }, + "expected": ["0x47", "0xb8", "0x99", "0xac", "0x17", "0xa0", "0x84"] + }, + { + "uuid": "d5b75adf-b5fc-4f77-b4ab-77653e30f07c", + "description": "seven byte message", + "comments": ["at 7 bytes long, no padding is required"], + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": ["0x47", "0x72", "0x65", "0x61", "0x74", "0x31", "0x21"] + }, + "expected": [ + "0x47", + "0xb8", + "0x99", + "0xac", + "0x17", + "0xa0", + "0xc5", + "0x42" + ] + }, + { + "uuid": "6d8b297b-da1d-435e-bcd7-55fbb1400e73", + "description": "eight byte message", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": [ + "0xc0", + "0x01", + "0x13", + "0x37", + "0xc0", + "0xde", + "0x21", + "0x21" + ] + }, + "expected": [ + "0xc0", + "0x00", + "0x44", + "0x66", + "0x7d", + "0x06", + "0x78", + "0x42", + "0x21", + "0x81" + ] + }, + { + "uuid": "54a0642a-d5aa-490c-be89-8e171a0cab6f", + "description": "twenty byte message", + "property": "transmitSequence", + "input": { + "message": [ + "0x45", + "0x78", + "0x65", + "0x72", + "0x63", + "0x69", + "0x73", + "0x6d", + "0x20", + "0x69", + "0x73", + "0x20", + "0x61", + "0x77", + "0x65", + "0x73", + "0x6f", + "0x6d", + "0x65", + "0x21" + ] + }, + "expected": [ + "0x44", + "0xbd", + "0x18", + "0xaf", + "0x27", + "0x1b", + "0xa5", + "0xe7", + "0x6c", + "0x90", + "0x1b", + "0x2e", + "0x33", + "0x03", + "0x84", + "0xee", + "0x65", + "0xb8", + "0xdb", + "0xed", + "0xd7", + "0x28", + "0x84" + ] + } + ] + }, + { + "description": "decode received messages", + "cases": [ + { + "uuid": "9a8084dd-3336-474c-90cb-8a852524604d", + "description": "empty message", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": [] + }, + "expected": [] + }, + { + "uuid": "879af739-0094-4736-9127-bd441b1ddbbf", + "description": "zero message", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0x00", "0x00"] + }, + "expected": ["0x00"] + }, + { + "uuid": "7a89eeef-96c5-4329-a246-ec181a8e959a", + "description": "0x0300 is decoded to 0x02", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0x03", "0x00"] + }, + "expected": ["0x02"] + }, + { + "uuid": "3e515af7-8b62-417f-960c-3454bca7f806", + "description": "0x0581 is decoded to 0x05", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0x05", "0x81"] + }, + "expected": ["0x05"] + }, + { + "uuid": "a1b4a3f7-9f05-4b7a-b86e-d7c6fc3f16a9", + "description": "0x2881 is decoded to 0x29", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0x28", "0x81"] + }, + "expected": ["0x29"] + }, + { + "uuid": "2e99d617-4c91-4ad5-9217-e4b2447d6e4a", + "description": "first byte has wrong parity", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0x07", "0x00"] + }, + "expected": { + "error": "wrong parity" + } + }, + { + "uuid": "507e212d-3dae-42e8-88b4-2223838ff8d2", + "description": "second byte has wrong parity", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0x03", "0x68"] + }, + "expected": { + "error": "wrong parity" + } + }, + { + "uuid": "b985692e-6338-46c7-8cea-bc38996d4dfd", + "description": "0xcf4b00 is decoded to 0xce94", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0xcf", "0x4b", "0x00"] + }, + "expected": ["0xce", "0x94"] + }, + { + "uuid": "7a1f4d48-696d-4679-917c-21b7da3ff3fd", + "description": "0xe2566500 is decoded to 0xe2ad90", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0xe2", "0x56", "0x65", "0x00"] + }, + "expected": ["0xe2", "0xad", "0x90"] + }, + { + "uuid": "467549dc-a558-443b-80c5-ff3d4eb305d4", + "description": "six byte message", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": ["0x47", "0xb8", "0x99", "0xac", "0x17", "0xa0", "0x84"] + }, + "expected": ["0x47", "0x72", "0x65", "0x61", "0x74", "0x21"] + }, + { + "uuid": "1f3be5fb-093a-4661-9951-c1c4781c71ea", + "description": "seven byte message", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": [ + "0x47", + "0xb8", + "0x99", + "0xac", + "0x17", + "0xa0", + "0xc5", + "0x42" + ] + }, + "expected": ["0x47", "0x72", "0x65", "0x61", "0x74", "0x31", "0x21"] + }, + { + "uuid": "6065b8b3-9dcd-45c9-918c-b427cfdb28c1", + "description": "last byte has wrong parity", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": [ + "0x47", + "0xb8", + "0x99", + "0xac", + "0x17", + "0xa0", + "0xc5", + "0x43" + ] + }, + "expected": { + "error": "wrong parity" + } + }, + { + "uuid": "98af97b7-9cca-4c4c-9de3-f70e227a4cb1", + "description": "eight byte message", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": [ + "0xc0", + "0x00", + "0x44", + "0x66", + "0x7d", + "0x06", + "0x78", + "0x42", + "0x21", + "0x81" + ] + }, + "expected": [ + "0xc0", + "0x01", + "0x13", + "0x37", + "0xc0", + "0xde", + "0x21", + "0x21" + ] + }, + { + "uuid": "aa7d4785-2bb9-43a4-a38a-203325c464fb", + "description": "twenty byte message", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": [ + "0x44", + "0xbd", + "0x18", + "0xaf", + "0x27", + "0x1b", + "0xa5", + "0xe7", + "0x6c", + "0x90", + "0x1b", + "0x2e", + "0x33", + "0x03", + "0x84", + "0xee", + "0x65", + "0xb8", + "0xdb", + "0xed", + "0xd7", + "0x28", + "0x84" + ] + }, + "expected": [ + "0x45", + "0x78", + "0x65", + "0x72", + "0x63", + "0x69", + "0x73", + "0x6d", + "0x20", + "0x69", + "0x73", + "0x20", + "0x61", + "0x77", + "0x65", + "0x73", + "0x6f", + "0x6d", + "0x65", + "0x21" + ] + }, + { + "uuid": "4c86e034-b066-42ac-8497-48f9bc1723c1", + "description": "wrong parity on 16th byte", + "property": "decodeMessage", + "input": { + "message": [ + "0x44", + "0xbd", + "0x18", + "0xaf", + "0x27", + "0x1b", + "0xa5", + "0xe7", + "0x6c", + "0x90", + "0x1b", + "0x2e", + "0x33", + "0x03", + "0x84", + "0xef", + "0x65", + "0xb8", + "0xdb", + "0xed", + "0xd7", + "0x28", + "0x84" + ] + }, + "expected": { + "error": "wrong parity" + } + } + ] + } + ] +} diff --git a/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/instructions.md b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/instructions.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..63fe661e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/instructions.md @@ -0,0 +1,54 @@ +# Instructions + +Your job is to help implement + +- the transmitter, which calculates the transmission sequence, and +- the receiver, which decodes it. + +A parity bit is simple way of detecting transmission errors. +The transmitters and receivers can only transmit and receive _exactly_ eight bits at a time (including the parity bit). +The parity bit is set so that there is an _even_ number 1s in each transmission and is always the first bit from the right. +So if the receiver receives `11000001`, `01110101` or `01000000` (i.e. a transmission with an odd number of 1 bits), it knows there is an error. + +However, messages are rarely this short, and need to be transmitted in a sequence when they are longer. + +For example, consider the message `11000000 00000001 11000000 11011110` (or `C0 01 C0 DE` in hex). + +Since each transmission contains exactly eight bits, it can only contain seven bits of data and the parity bit. +A parity bit must then be inserted after every seven bits of data: + +```text +11000000 00000001 11000000 11011110 + ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ (7th bits) +``` + +The transmission sequence for this message looks like this: + +```text +1100000_ 0000000_ 0111000_ 0001101_ 1110 + ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ (parity bits) +``` + +The data in the first transmission in the sequence (`1100000`) has two 1 bits (an even number), so the parity bit is 0. +The first transmission becomes `11000000` (or `C0` in hex). + +The data in the next transmission (`0000000`) has zero 1 bits (an even number again), so the parity bit is 0 again. +The second transmission thus becomes `00000000` (or `00` in hex). + +The data for the next two transmissions (`0111000` and `0001101`) have three 1 bits. +Their parity bits are set to 1 so that they have an even number of 1 bits in the transmission. +They are transmitted as `01110001` and `00011011` (or `71` and `1B` in hex). + +The last transmission (`1110`) has only four bits of data. +Since exactly eight bits are transmitted at a time and the parity bit is the right most bit, three 0 bits and then the parity bit are added to make up eight bits. +It now looks like this (where `_` is the parity bit): + +```text +1110 000_ + ↑↑↑ (added 0 bits) +``` + +There is an odd number of 1 bits again, so the parity bit is 1. +The last transmission in the sequence becomes `11100001` (or `E1` in hex). + +The entire transmission sequence for this message is `11000000 00000000 01110001 00011011 11100001` (or `C0 00 71 1B E1` in hex). diff --git a/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/introduction.md b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/introduction.md new file mode 100644 index 000000000..f19dffbea --- /dev/null +++ b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/introduction.md @@ -0,0 +1,23 @@ +# Introduction + +Trillions upon trillions of messages zip between Earth and neighboring galaxies every millisecond. +But transmitting over such long distances is tricky. +Pesky solar flares, temporal distortions, stray forces, and even the flap of a space butterfly's wing can cause a random bit to change during transmission. + +Now imagine the consequences: + +- Crashing the Intergalactic Share Market when "buy low" turns to "sell now". +- Losing contact with the Kepler Whirl system when "save new worm hole" becomes "cave new worm hole". +- Or plunging the universe into existential horror by replacing a cowboy emoji 🤠 with a clown emoji 🤡. + +Detecting corrupted messages isn't just important — it's critical. +The receiver _must_ know when something has gone wrong before disaster strikes. + +But how? +Scientists and engineers from across the universe have been battling this problem for eons. +Entire cosmic AI superclusters churn through the data. +And then, one day, a legend resurfaces — an ancient, powerful method, whispered in debugging forums, muttered by engineers who've seen too much... + +The Parity Bit! + +A method so simple, so powerful, that it might just save interstellar communication. diff --git a/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/metadata.toml b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/metadata.toml new file mode 100644 index 000000000..278a2843d --- /dev/null +++ b/exercises/intergalactic-transmission/metadata.toml @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +title = "Intergalactic Transmission" +blurb = "Add parity bits to a message for transmission" +source = "Kah Goh" +source_url = "https://github.com/exercism/problem-specifications/pull/2543"