diff --git a/irc/getters.go b/irc/getters.go
index d0e08256..12839710 100644
--- a/irc/getters.go
+++ b/irc/getters.go
@@ -223,6 +223,13 @@ func (session *Session) SetAway(awayMessage string) (wasAway, nowAway string) {
 	return
 }
 
+func (session *Session) ConnID() string {
+	if session == nil {
+		return "*"
+	}
+	return session.connID
+}
+
 func (client *Client) autoAwayEnabledNoMutex(config *Config) bool {
 	return client.registered && client.alwaysOn &&
 		persistenceEnabled(config.Accounts.Multiclient.AutoAway, client.accountSettings.AutoAway)
diff --git a/irc/handlers.go b/irc/handlers.go
index 85354a3b..3dd6ba40 100644
--- a/irc/handlers.go
+++ b/irc/handlers.go
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ func sendSuccessfulAccountAuth(service *ircService, client *Client, rb *Response
 		}
 	}
 
-	client.server.logger.Info("accounts", "client", details.nick, "logged into account", details.accountName)
+	client.server.logger.Info("accounts", rb.session.ConnID(), details.nick, "logged into account", details.accountName)
 }
 
 func (server *Server) sendLoginSnomask(nickMask, accountName string) {
@@ -1852,14 +1852,14 @@ func cmodeHandler(server *Server, client *Client, msg ircmsg.Message, rb *Respon
 	if 1 < len(msg.Params) {
 		// parse out real mode changes
 		params := msg.Params[1:]
-		var unknown map[rune]bool
+		var unknown []rune
 		changes, unknown = modes.ParseChannelModeChanges(params...)
 
 		// alert for unknown mode changes
-		for char := range unknown {
+		for _, char := range unknown {
 			rb.Add(nil, server.name, ERR_UNKNOWNMODE, client.nick, string(char), client.t("is an unknown mode character to me"))
 		}
-		if len(unknown) == 1 && len(changes) == 0 {
+		if len(unknown) != 0 && len(changes) == 0 {
 			return false
 		}
 	}
@@ -1943,10 +1943,10 @@ func umodeHandler(server *Server, client *Client, msg ircmsg.Message, rb *Respon
 		changes, unknown := modes.ParseUserModeChanges(params...)
 
 		// alert for unknown mode changes
-		for char := range unknown {
+		for _, char := range unknown {
 			rb.Add(nil, server.name, ERR_UNKNOWNMODE, cDetails.nick, string(char), client.t("is an unknown mode character to me"))
 		}
-		if len(unknown) == 1 && len(changes) == 0 {
+		if len(unknown) != 0 && len(changes) == 0 {
 			return false
 		}
 
diff --git a/irc/isupport/list.go b/irc/isupport/list.go
index 36b30d37..d54df127 100644
--- a/irc/isupport/list.go
+++ b/irc/isupport/list.go
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ package isupport
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"sort"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 )
 
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ func getTokenString(name string, value string) string {
 
 // GetDifference returns the difference between two token lists.
 func (il *List) GetDifference(newil *List) [][]string {
-	var outTokens sort.StringSlice
+	var outTokens []string
 
 	// append removed tokens
 	for name := range il.Tokens {
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ func (il *List) GetDifference(newil *List) [][]string {
 		outTokens = append(outTokens, token)
 	}
 
-	sort.Sort(outTokens)
+	slices.Sort(outTokens)
 
 	// create output list
 	replies := make([][]string, 0)
@@ -117,38 +117,34 @@ func (il *List) GetDifference(newil *List) [][]string {
 
 // RegenerateCachedReply regenerates the cached RPL_ISUPPORT reply
 func (il *List) RegenerateCachedReply() (err error) {
-	il.CachedReply = make([][]string, 0)
-	var length int     // Length of the current cache
-	var cache []string // Token list cache
-
-	// make sure we get a sorted list of tokens, needed for tests and looks nice
-	var tokens sort.StringSlice
-	for name := range il.Tokens {
-		tokens = append(tokens, name)
-	}
-	sort.Sort(tokens)
-
-	for _, name := range tokens {
-		token := getTokenString(name, il.Tokens[name])
+	var tokens []string
+	for name, value := range il.Tokens {
+		token := getTokenString(name, value)
 		if token[0] == ':' || strings.Contains(token, " ") {
 			err = fmt.Errorf("bad isupport token (cannot contain spaces or start with :): %s", token)
 			continue
 		}
+		tokens = append(tokens, token)
+	}
+	// make sure we get a sorted list of tokens, needed for tests and looks nice
+	slices.Sort(tokens)
 
-		if len(token)+length <= maxLastArgLength {
-			// account for the space separating tokens
-			if len(cache) > 0 {
-				length++
-			}
-			cache = append(cache, token)
-			length += len(token)
-		}
+	var cache []string // Tokens in current line
+	var length int     // Length of the current line
 
-		if len(cache) == maxParameters || len(token)+length >= maxLastArgLength {
+	for _, token := range tokens {
+		// account for the space separating tokens
+		if len(cache) == maxParameters || (len(token)+1)+length > maxLastArgLength {
 			il.CachedReply = append(il.CachedReply, cache)
-			cache = make([]string, 0)
+			cache = nil
 			length = 0
 		}
+
+		if len(cache) > 0 {
+			length++
+		}
+		length += len(token)
+		cache = append(cache, token)
 	}
 
 	if len(cache) > 0 {
diff --git a/irc/isupport/list_test.go b/irc/isupport/list_test.go
index 47fb72ef..2041ea17 100644
--- a/irc/isupport/list_test.go
+++ b/irc/isupport/list_test.go
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ func TestISUPPORT(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	if !reflect.DeepEqual(tListLong.CachedReply, longReplies) {
-		t.Errorf("Multiple output replies did not match, got [%v]", longReplies)
+		t.Errorf("Multiple output replies did not match, got [%v]", tListLong.CachedReply)
 	}
 
 	// create first list
diff --git a/irc/modes.go b/irc/modes.go
index e6079e24..cd7581ba 100644
--- a/irc/modes.go
+++ b/irc/modes.go
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ func ApplyUserModeChanges(client *Client, changes modes.ModeChanges, force bool,
 }
 
 // parseDefaultModes uses the provided mode change parser to parse the rawModes.
-func parseDefaultModes(rawModes string, parser func(params ...string) (modes.ModeChanges, map[rune]bool)) modes.Modes {
+func parseDefaultModes(rawModes string, parser func(params ...string) (modes.ModeChanges, []rune)) modes.Modes {
 	modeChangeStrings := strings.Fields(rawModes)
 	modeChanges, _ := parser(modeChangeStrings...)
 	defaultModes := make(modes.Modes, 0)
diff --git a/irc/modes/modes.go b/irc/modes/modes.go
index ad160169..5f0eb6b6 100644
--- a/irc/modes/modes.go
+++ b/irc/modes/modes.go
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ package modes
 
 import (
 	"fmt"
-	"sort"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 
 	"github.com/ergochat/ergo/irc/utils"
@@ -189,10 +189,7 @@ func GetLowestChannelModePrefix(prefixes string) (lowest Mode) {
 //
 
 // ParseUserModeChanges returns the valid changes, and the list of unknown chars.
-func ParseUserModeChanges(params ...string) (ModeChanges, map[rune]bool) {
-	changes := make(ModeChanges, 0)
-	unknown := make(map[rune]bool)
-
+func ParseUserModeChanges(params ...string) (changes ModeChanges, unknown []rune) {
 	op := List
 
 	if 0 < len(params) {
@@ -219,19 +216,11 @@ func ParseUserModeChanges(params ...string) (ModeChanges, map[rune]bool) {
 				}
 			}
 
-			var isKnown bool
-			for _, supportedMode := range SupportedUserModes {
-				if rune(supportedMode) == mode {
-					isKnown = true
-					break
-				}
-			}
-			if !isKnown {
-				unknown[mode] = true
-				continue
+			if slices.Contains(SupportedUserModes, Mode(mode)) {
+				changes = append(changes, change)
+			} else {
+				unknown = append(unknown, mode)
 			}
-
-			changes = append(changes, change)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -239,10 +228,7 @@ func ParseUserModeChanges(params ...string) (ModeChanges, map[rune]bool) {
 }
 
 // ParseChannelModeChanges returns the valid changes, and the list of unknown chars.
-func ParseChannelModeChanges(params ...string) (ModeChanges, map[rune]bool) {
-	changes := make(ModeChanges, 0)
-	unknown := make(map[rune]bool)
-
+func ParseChannelModeChanges(params ...string) (changes ModeChanges, unknown []rune) {
 	op := List
 
 	if 0 < len(params) {
@@ -304,25 +290,11 @@ func ParseChannelModeChanges(params ...string) (ModeChanges, map[rune]bool) {
 				}
 			}
 
-			var isKnown bool
-			for _, supportedMode := range SupportedChannelModes {
-				if rune(supportedMode) == mode {
-					isKnown = true
-					break
-				}
-			}
-			for _, supportedMode := range ChannelUserModes {
-				if rune(supportedMode) == mode {
-					isKnown = true
-					break
-				}
+			if slices.Contains(SupportedChannelModes, Mode(mode)) || slices.Contains(ChannelUserModes, Mode(mode)) {
+				changes = append(changes, change)
+			} else {
+				unknown = append(unknown, mode)
 			}
-			if !isKnown {
-				unknown[mode] = true
-				continue
-			}
-
-			changes = append(changes, change)
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -428,33 +400,37 @@ func (set *ModeSet) HighestChannelUserMode() (result Mode) {
 	return
 }
 
-type ByCodepoint Modes
+var (
+	rplMyInfo1, rplMyInfo2, rplMyInfo3, chanmodesToken string
+)
 
-func (a ByCodepoint) Len() int           { return len(a) }
-func (a ByCodepoint) Swap(i, j int)      { a[i], a[j] = a[j], a[i] }
-func (a ByCodepoint) Less(i, j int) bool { return a[i] < a[j] }
+func init() {
+	initRplMyInfo()
+	initChanmodesToken()
+}
 
-func RplMyInfo() (param1, param2, param3 string) {
+func initRplMyInfo() {
+	// initialize constant strings published in initial numerics
 	userModes := make(Modes, len(SupportedUserModes), len(SupportedUserModes)+1)
 	copy(userModes, SupportedUserModes)
 	// TLS is not in SupportedUserModes because it can't be modified
 	userModes = append(userModes, TLS)
-	sort.Sort(ByCodepoint(userModes))
+	slices.Sort(userModes)
 
 	channelModes := make(Modes, len(SupportedChannelModes)+len(ChannelUserModes))
 	copy(channelModes, SupportedChannelModes)
 	copy(channelModes[len(SupportedChannelModes):], ChannelUserModes)
-	sort.Sort(ByCodepoint(channelModes))
+	slices.Sort(channelModes)
 
 	// XXX enumerate these by hand, i can't see any way to DRY this
 	channelParametrizedModes := Modes{BanMask, ExceptMask, InviteMask, Key, UserLimit, Forward}
 	channelParametrizedModes = append(channelParametrizedModes, ChannelUserModes...)
-	sort.Sort(ByCodepoint(channelParametrizedModes))
+	slices.Sort(channelParametrizedModes)
 
-	return userModes.String(), channelModes.String(), channelParametrizedModes.String()
+	rplMyInfo1, rplMyInfo2, rplMyInfo3 = userModes.String(), channelModes.String(), channelParametrizedModes.String()
 }
 
-func ChanmodesToken() (result string) {
+func initChanmodesToken() {
 	// https://modern.ircdocs.horse#chanmodes-parameter
 	// type A: listable modes with parameters
 	A := Modes{BanMask, ExceptMask, InviteMask}
@@ -465,10 +441,18 @@ func ChanmodesToken() (result string) {
 	// type D: modes without parameters
 	D := Modes{InviteOnly, Moderated, NoOutside, OpOnlyTopic, ChanRoleplaying, Secret, NoCTCP, RegisteredOnly, RegisteredOnlySpeak, Auditorium, OpModerated}
 
-	sort.Sort(ByCodepoint(A))
-	sort.Sort(ByCodepoint(B))
-	sort.Sort(ByCodepoint(C))
-	sort.Sort(ByCodepoint(D))
+	slices.Sort(A)
+	slices.Sort(B)
+	slices.Sort(C)
+	slices.Sort(D)
 
-	return fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s,%s,%s", A.String(), B.String(), C.String(), D.String())
+	chanmodesToken = fmt.Sprintf("%s,%s,%s,%s", A.String(), B.String(), C.String(), D.String())
+}
+
+func RplMyInfo() (param1, param2, param3 string) {
+	return rplMyInfo1, rplMyInfo2, rplMyInfo3
+}
+
+func ChanmodesToken() (result string) {
+	return chanmodesToken
 }
diff --git a/irc/modes/modes_test.go b/irc/modes/modes_test.go
index 67d28c2f..03f42c33 100644
--- a/irc/modes/modes_test.go
+++ b/irc/modes/modes_test.go
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ package modes
 
 import (
 	"reflect"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"testing"
 )
@@ -16,7 +17,7 @@ func assertEqual(supplied, expected interface{}, t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestParseUserModeChanges(t *testing.T) {
-	emptyUnknown := make(map[rune]bool)
+	var emptyUnknown []rune
 	changes, unknown := ParseUserModeChanges("+i")
 	assertEqual(unknown, emptyUnknown, t)
 	assertEqual(changes, ModeChanges{ModeChange{Op: Add, Mode: Invisible}}, t)
@@ -48,10 +49,11 @@ func TestParseUserModeChanges(t *testing.T) {
 }
 
 func TestIssue874(t *testing.T) {
-	emptyUnknown := make(map[rune]bool)
+	var emptyModeChanges ModeChanges
+	var emptyUnknown []rune
 	modes, unknown := ParseChannelModeChanges("+k")
 	assertEqual(unknown, emptyUnknown, t)
-	assertEqual(modes, ModeChanges{}, t)
+	assertEqual(modes, emptyModeChanges, t)
 
 	modes, unknown = ParseChannelModeChanges("+k", "beer")
 	assertEqual(unknown, emptyUnknown, t)
@@ -151,7 +153,7 @@ func TestParseChannelModeChanges(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	modes, unknown = ParseChannelModeChanges("+tx")
-	if len(unknown) != 1 || !unknown['x'] {
+	if len(unknown) != 1 || !slices.Contains(unknown, 'x') {
 		t.Errorf("expected that x is an unknown mode, instead: %v", unknown)
 	}
 	expected = ModeChange{
diff --git a/irc/services.go b/irc/services.go
index 6b85f797..8e243f4b 100644
--- a/irc/services.go
+++ b/irc/services.go
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ import (
 	"bytes"
 	"fmt"
 	"log"
-	"sort"
+	"slices"
 	"strings"
 	"time"
 
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ func serviceHelpHandler(service *ircService, server *Server, client *Client, par
 			client.t("Here are the commands you can use:"),
 		}...)
 		// show general help
-		var shownHelpLines sort.StringSlice
+		var shownHelpLines []string
 		var disabledCommands bool
 		for _, commandInfo := range service.Commands {
 			// skip commands user can't access
@@ -268,13 +268,13 @@ func serviceHelpHandler(service *ircService, server *Server, client *Client, par
 			shownHelpLines = append(shownHelpLines, "    "+ircfmt.Unescape(client.t(commandInfo.helpShort)))
 		}
 
+		// sort help lines
+		slices.Sort(shownHelpLines)
+
 		if disabledCommands {
 			shownHelpLines = append(shownHelpLines, "    "+client.t("... and other commands which have been disabled"))
 		}
 
-		// sort help lines
-		sort.Sort(shownHelpLines)
-
 		// push out help text
 		for _, line := range helpBannerLines {
 			sendNotice(line)