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awk.md

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Linux awk Command

Command Introduction (命令介绍)

gawk - pattern scanning and processing language

Command Format and Options (命令格式和选项)

#awk --help
Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] -f progfile [--] file ...
Usage: awk [POSIX or GNU style options] [--] 'program' file ...
POSIX options:		GNU long options: (standard)
	-f progfile		--file=progfile
	-F fs			--field-separator=fs
	-v var=val		--assign=var=val
Short options:		GNU long options: (extensions)
	-b			--characters-as-bytes
	-c			--traditional
	-C			--copyright
	-d[file]		--dump-variables[=file]
	-e 'program-text'	--source='program-text'
	-E file			--exec=file
	-g			--gen-pot
	-h			--help
	-L [fatal]		--lint[=fatal]
	-n			--non-decimal-data
	-N			--use-lc-numeric
	-O			--optimize
	-p[file]		--profile[=file]
	-P			--posix
	-r			--re-interval
	-S			--sandbox
	-t			--lint-old
	-V			--version

To report bugs, see node `Bugs' in `gawk.info', which is
section `Reporting Problems and Bugs' in the printed version.

gawk is a pattern scanning and processing language.
By default it reads standard input and writes standard output.

Examples:
	gawk '{ sum += $1 }; END { print sum }' file
	gawk -F: '{ print $1 }' /etc/passwd

Command Example (命令范例)

A versatile programming language for working on files.

  • Print the fifth column (a.k.a. field) in a space-separated file:

    awk '{print $5}' filename

  • Print the second column of the lines containing "something" in a space-separated file:

    awk '/something/ {print $2}' filename

  • Print the last column of each line in a file, using a comma (instead of space) as a field separator:

    awk -F ',' '{print $NF}' filename

  • Sum the values in the first column of a file and print the total:

    awk '{s+=$1} END {print s}' filename

  • Sum the values in the first column and pretty-print the values and then the total:

    awk '{s+=$1; print $1} END {print "--------"; print s}' filename

  • Print every third line starting from the first line:

    awk 'NR%3==1' filename