diff --git a/src/workerd/api/node/module.c++ b/src/workerd/api/node/module.c++
index 6f2482d9599..dd9d247119c 100644
--- a/src/workerd/api/node/module.c++
+++ b/src/workerd/api/node/module.c++
@@ -85,6 +85,18 @@ jsg::JsValue ModuleUtil::createRequire(jsg::Lock& js, kj::String path) {
 
     auto module = info.module.getHandle(js);
 
+    if (module->GetStatus() == v8::Module::Status::kEvaluating ||
+        module->GetStatus() == v8::Module::Status::kInstantiating) {
+      KJ_IF_SOME(synth, info.maybeSynthetic) {
+        KJ_IF_SOME(cjs, synth.tryGet<jsg::ModuleRegistry::CommonJsModuleInfo>()) {
+          return cjs.moduleContext->getExports(js);
+        }
+        KJ_IF_SOME(cjs, synth.tryGet<jsg::ModuleRegistry::NodeJsModuleInfo>()) {
+          return cjs.moduleContext->getExports(js);
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
     auto features = FeatureFlags::get(js);
     jsg::InstantiateModuleOptions options = jsg::InstantiateModuleOptions::DEFAULT;
     if (features.getNoTopLevelAwaitInRequire()) {
diff --git a/src/workerd/jsg/modules.c++ b/src/workerd/jsg/modules.c++
index 0131b16e6b2..8cbd143bf07 100644
--- a/src/workerd/jsg/modules.c++
+++ b/src/workerd/jsg/modules.c++
@@ -274,13 +274,17 @@ v8::Local<v8::Value> CommonJsModuleContext::require(jsg::Lock& js, kj::String sp
 
   auto module = info.module.getHandle(js);
 
-  JSG_REQUIRE(module->GetStatus() != v8::Module::Status::kEvaluating &&
-          module->GetStatus() != v8::Module::Status::kInstantiating,
-      Error,
-      "Module cannot be synchronously required while it is being instantiated or evaluated. "
-      "This error typically means that a CommonJS or NodeJS-Compat type module has a circular "
-      "dependency on itself, and that a synchronous require() is being called while the module "
-      "is being loaded.");
+  if (module->GetStatus() == v8::Module::Status::kEvaluating ||
+      module->GetStatus() == v8::Module::Status::kInstantiating) {
+    KJ_IF_SOME(synth, info.maybeSynthetic) {
+      KJ_IF_SOME(cjs, synth.tryGet<ModuleRegistry::CommonJsModuleInfo>()) {
+        return cjs.moduleContext->getExports(js);
+      }
+      KJ_IF_SOME(cjs, synth.tryGet<ModuleRegistry::NodeJsModuleInfo>()) {
+        return cjs.moduleContext->getExports(js);
+      }
+    }
+  }
 
   auto& isolateBase = IsolateBase::from(js.v8Isolate);
   jsg::InstantiateModuleOptions options = jsg::InstantiateModuleOptions::DEFAULT;
@@ -344,7 +348,7 @@ void instantiateModule(
     throw jsg::JsExceptionThrown();
   }
 
-  // Nothing to do if the module is already instantiated, evaluated.
+  // Nothing to do if the module is already evaluated.
   if (status == v8::Module::Status::kEvaluated || status == v8::Module::Status::kEvaluating) return;
 
   if (status == v8::Module::Status::kUninstantiated) {
@@ -354,11 +358,7 @@ void instantiateModule(
   auto prom = jsg::check(module->Evaluate(context)).As<v8::Promise>();
 
   if (module->IsGraphAsync() && prom->State() == v8::Promise::kPending) {
-    // Pump the microtasks if there's an unsettled top-level await in the module.
-    // Because we do not support i/o in this scope, this *should* resolve in a
-    // single drain of the microtask queue (tho it's possible that it'll take
-    // multiple tasks). When the runMicrotasks() is complete, the promise should
-    // be settled.
+    // If top level await has been disable, error.
     JSG_REQUIRE(options != InstantiateModuleOptions::NO_TOP_LEVEL_AWAIT, Error,
         "Top-level await in module is not permitted at this time.");
   }
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ void instantiateModule(
 
   switch (prom->State()) {
     case v8::Promise::kPending:
-      // Let's make sure nobody is depending on pending modules that do not resolve first.
+      // Let's make sure nobody is depending on modules awaiting on pending promises.
       JSG_FAIL_REQUIRE(Error, "Top-level await in module is unsettled.");
     case v8::Promise::kRejected:
       // Since we don't actually support I/O when instantiating a worker, we don't return the
@@ -507,7 +507,7 @@ v8::Local<v8::WasmModuleObject> compileWasmModule(
 
 // ======================================================================================
 
-jsg::Ref<jsg::Object> ModuleRegistry::NodeJsModuleInfo::initModuleContext(
+jsg::Ref<NodeJsModuleContext> ModuleRegistry::NodeJsModuleInfo::initModuleContext(
     jsg::Lock& js, kj::StringPtr name) {
   return jsg::alloc<NodeJsModuleContext>(js, kj::Path::parse(name));
 }
diff --git a/src/workerd/jsg/modules.h b/src/workerd/jsg/modules.h
index b418582b8ef..3dc73b45480 100644
--- a/src/workerd/jsg/modules.h
+++ b/src/workerd/jsg/modules.h
@@ -88,6 +88,8 @@ class CommonJsModuleContext: public jsg::Object {
 // expected within the global scope of a Node.js compatible module (such as
 // Buffer and process).
 
+// TODO(cleanup): There's a fair amount of duplicated code between the CommonJsModule
+// and NodeJsModule types... should be deduplicated.
 class NodeJsModuleObject: public jsg::Object {
 public:
   NodeJsModuleObject(jsg::Lock& js, kj::String path);
@@ -252,7 +254,7 @@ class ModuleRegistry {
   };
 
   struct NodeJsModuleInfo {
-    jsg::Ref<jsg::Object> moduleContext;
+    jsg::Ref<NodeJsModuleContext> moduleContext;
     jsg::Function<void()> evalFunc;
 
     NodeJsModuleInfo(auto& lock, kj::StringPtr name, kj::StringPtr content)
@@ -262,7 +264,7 @@ class ModuleRegistry {
     NodeJsModuleInfo(NodeJsModuleInfo&&) = default;
     NodeJsModuleInfo& operator=(NodeJsModuleInfo&&) = default;
 
-    static jsg::Ref<jsg::Object> initModuleContext(jsg::Lock& js, kj::StringPtr name);
+    static jsg::Ref<NodeJsModuleContext> initModuleContext(jsg::Lock& js, kj::StringPtr name);
 
     static v8::MaybeLocal<v8::Value> evaluate(jsg::Lock& js,
         NodeJsModuleInfo& info,
@@ -270,7 +272,7 @@ class ModuleRegistry {
         const kj::Maybe<kj::Array<kj::String>>& maybeExports);
 
     jsg::Function<void()> initEvalFunc(auto& lock,
-        jsg::Ref<jsg::Object>& moduleContext,
+        jsg::Ref<jsg::NodeJsModuleContext>& moduleContext,
         kj::StringPtr name,
         kj::StringPtr content) {
       v8::ScriptOrigin origin(v8StrIntern(lock.v8Isolate, name));