atom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<feed xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
  <title>火柴的博客</title>
  
  <link href="/atom.xml" rel="self"/>
  
  <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/"/>
  <updated>2017-09-14T01:39:30.510Z</updated>
  <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/</id>
  
  <author>
    <name>火柴</name>
    
  </author>
  
  <generator uri="http://hexo.io/">Hexo</generator>
  
  <entry>
    <title>CentOS7实现OpenLDAP统一认证（客户端）</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/5943/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/5943/</id>
    <published>2017-09-09T01:07:29.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-09-14T01:39:30.510Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x63A5;&#x7740;&#x4E0A;&#x6B21;&#x7684;<code>OpenLDAP&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;</code>&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5199;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6B21;&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5BF9;&#x63A5;&#x5230;OpenLDAP&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;linux&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;">&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;Linux&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;</h4><br>&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x662F;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x5411;<code>LDAP</code>&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x53EF;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#xFF08;PAM&#xFF09;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x672C;&#x5730; Linux &#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;<br>PAM &#x5148;&#x5BF9;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x7684; /etc/passwd &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5E10;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x5BF9; LDAP &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#xFF0C;PAM LDAP &#x6A21;&#x5757;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x5C06;&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;&#x5230; LDAP &#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;PAM&#x6A21;&#x5757;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum install pam_ldap nss-pam-ldapd -y</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h5><br>&#x603B;&#x5171;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;4&#x4E2A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x7F16;&#x8F91;ldapconf&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x7F16;&#x8F91;ldap.conf&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/openldap/ldap.conf</div><div class="line">BASE    dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E3A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x7EC4;&#x7EC7;&#x540D;&#x79F0;</span></div><div class="line">URI     ldap://10.10.7.160:389/</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E3A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;ip&#x5730;&#x5740;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">tls_cacertdir /etc/openldap/cacerts</div><div class="line">pam_password md5</div><div class="line">ssl no</div><div class="line">SASL_NOCANON    on</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x7F16;&#x8F91;nsswitchconf&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x7F16;&#x8F91;nsswitch.conf&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/nsswitch.conf</div><div class="line">passwd:     files ldap</div><div class="line">shadow:     files ldap</div><div class="line">group:      files ldap</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5728;&#x6B64;&#x4E09;&#x9879;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0; ldap &#x5373;&#x53EF;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x7F16;&#x8F91;system-auth&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x7F16;&#x8F91;system-auth&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/pam.d/system-auth</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#%PAM-1.0</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># This file is auto-generated.</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run.</span></div><div class="line">auth        required      pam_env.so</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_fprintd.so</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_ldap.so use_first_pass</div><div class="line">auth        required      pam_deny.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">account     required      pam_unix.so broken_shadow</div><div class="line">account     sufficient    pam_localuser.so</div><div class="line">account     sufficient    pam_succeed_if.so uid &lt; 1000 quiet</div><div class="line">account     [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore]        pam_ldap.so</div><div class="line">account     required      pam_permit.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">password    requisite     pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass <span class="built_in">local</span>_users_only retry=3 authtok_<span class="built_in">type</span>=</div><div class="line">password    sufficient    pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok</div><div class="line">password    sufficient    pam_ldap.so use_authtok</div><div class="line">password    required      pam_deny.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_keyinit.so revoke</div><div class="line">session     required      pam_limits.so</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#session     optional      pam_mkhomedir.so skel=/etc/skel/ umask=0022</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4E3A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E0D;&#x6210;&#x529F;</span></div><div class="line">-session     optional      pam_systemd.so</div><div class="line">session     [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service <span class="keyword">in</span> crond quiet use_uid</div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_ldap.so</div><div class="line">session     required      pam_unix.so</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x7F16;&#x8F91;nslcdconf&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x7F16;&#x8F91;nslcd.conf&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/nslcd.conf</div><div class="line">uri ldap://10.10.7.160/</div><div class="line">base dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">ssl no</div><div class="line">tls_cacertdir /etc/openldap/cacerts</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x7F16;&#x8F91;sshd_config&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x7F16;&#x8F91;sshd_config&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">UsePAM yes</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;&#x5373;&#x53EF;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x7F16;&#x8F91;sshd&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x7F16;&#x8F91;sshd&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment">#%PAM-1.0</span></div><div class="line">auth       required     pam_sepermit.so</div><div class="line">auth       substack     password-auth</div><div class="line">auth       include      postlogin</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Used with polkit to reauthorize users in remote sessions</span></div><div class="line">-auth      optional     pam_reauthorize.so prepare</div><div class="line">account    required     pam_nologin.so</div><div class="line">account    include      password-auth</div><div class="line">password   include      password-auth</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule</span></div><div class="line">session    required     pam_selinux.so close</div><div class="line">session    required     pam_loginuid.so</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context</span></div><div class="line">session    required     pam_selinux.so open env_params</div><div class="line">session    required     pam_namespace.so</div><div class="line">session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revoke</div><div class="line">session    include      password-auth</div><div class="line">session    include      postlogin</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Used with polkit to reauthorize users in remote sessions</span></div><div class="line">-session   optional     pam_reauthorize.so prepare</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#session    required     pam_mkhomedir.so</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x7684;&#x8D26;&#x6237;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x6210;&#x529F;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x53CA;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;">&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x53CA;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;</h5><br>&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#x670D;&#x52A1;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">systemctl restart nslcd</div><div class="line">systemctl restart sshd</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;LDAP WEB&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x7528;SSH&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap1.gif" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/ldap2.gif" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x662F;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x662F;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x4E0D;&#x53CB;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;">&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</h5><br>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF1A;<br><code>1. &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</code><br><code>2. &#x901A;&#x8FC7;nfs&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;</code><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;">&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum install -y oddjob-mkhomedir oddjob</div><div class="line">service messagebus start</div><div class="line">service oddjobd start</div><div class="line">vim /etc/pam.d/system-auth</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#%PAM-1.0</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># This file is auto-generated.</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run.</span></div><div class="line">auth        required      pam_env.so</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_fprintd.so</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_ldap.so use_first_pass</div><div class="line">auth        required      pam_deny.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">account     required      pam_unix.so broken_shadow</div><div class="line">account     sufficient    pam_localuser.so</div><div class="line">account     sufficient    pam_succeed_if.so uid &lt; 1000 quiet</div><div class="line">account     [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore]        pam_ldap.so</div><div class="line">account     required      pam_permit.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">password    requisite     pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass <span class="built_in">local</span>_users_only retry=3 authtok_<span class="built_in">type</span>=</div><div class="line">password    sufficient    pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok</div><div class="line">password    sufficient    pam_ldap.so use_authtok</div><div class="line">password    required      pam_deny.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_keyinit.so revoke</div><div class="line">session     required      pam_limits.so</div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_mkhomedir.so skel=/etc/skel/ <span class="built_in">umask</span>=0022</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x767B;&#x9646;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</span></div><div class="line">-session     optional      pam_systemd.so</div><div class="line">session     [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service <span class="keyword">in</span> crond quiet use_uid</div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_ldap.so</div><div class="line">session     required      pam_unix.so</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/pam.d/password-auth</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#%PAM-1.0</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># This file is auto-generated.</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># User changes will be destroyed the next time authconfig is run.</span></div><div class="line">auth        required      pam_env.so</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_unix.so nullok try_first_pass</div><div class="line">auth        sufficient    pam_ldap.so use_first_pass</div><div class="line">auth        required      pam_deny.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">account     required      pam_unix.so broken_shadow</div><div class="line">account     sufficient    pam_localuser.so</div><div class="line">account     sufficient    pam_succeed_if.so uid &lt; 1000 quiet</div><div class="line">account     [default=bad success=ok user_unknown=ignore] pam_ldap.so</div><div class="line">account     required      pam_permit.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">password    requisite     pam_pwquality.so try_first_pass <span class="built_in">local</span>_users_only retry=3 authtok_<span class="built_in">type</span>=</div><div class="line">password    sufficient    pam_unix.so md5 shadow nullok try_first_pass use_authtok</div><div class="line">password    sufficient    pam_ldap.so use_authtok</div><div class="line">password    required      pam_deny.so</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_keyinit.so revoke</div><div class="line">session     required      pam_limits.so</div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_mkhomedir.so skel=/etc/skel/ <span class="built_in">umask</span>=0022</div><div class="line">-session     optional      pam_systemd.so</div><div class="line">session     [success=1 default=ignore] pam_succeed_if.so service <span class="keyword">in</span> crond quiet use_uid</div><div class="line">session     required      pam_unix.so</div><div class="line">session     optional      pam_ldap.so</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>SSH&#x767B;&#x9646;&#x4E0A;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x4E5F;&#x8981;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x884C;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/pam.d/sshd</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#%PAM-1.0</span></div><div class="line">auth       required     pam_sepermit.so</div><div class="line">auth       substack     password-auth</div><div class="line">auth       include      postlogin</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Used with polkit to reauthorize users in remote sessions</span></div><div class="line">-auth      optional     pam_reauthorize.so prepare</div><div class="line">account    required     pam_nologin.so</div><div class="line">account    include      password-auth</div><div class="line">password   include      password-auth</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># pam_selinux.so close should be the first session rule</span></div><div class="line">session    required     pam_selinux.so close</div><div class="line">session    required     pam_loginuid.so</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># pam_selinux.so open should only be followed by sessions to be executed in the user context</span></div><div class="line">session    required     pam_selinux.so open env_params</div><div class="line">session    required     pam_namespace.so</div><div class="line">session    optional     pam_keyinit.so force revoke</div><div class="line">session    include      password-auth</div><div class="line">session    include      postlogin</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Used with polkit to reauthorize users in remote sessions</span></div><div class="line">-session   optional     pam_reauthorize.so prepare</div><div class="line">session    required     pam_mkhomedir.so</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;ssh&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;&#x91CD;&#x542F; <code>sshd</code>&#x548C;<code>nslcd</code>&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x4E0B;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap3.gif" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;web&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;shell&#x4E3A;<code>/bin/bash</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x3002;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x70B9;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x662F;<code>&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x8981;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x6210;md5&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x6210;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6216;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;ldap&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h6 id="nfs&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;">NFS&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</h6><br>&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;NFS<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum -y install nfs-utils rpcbind</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x7684;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/exports</div><div class="line">/home   10.10.7.0/24(sync,rw)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x542F;&#x52A8;NFS&#x670D;&#x52A1;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">systemctl start rpcbind</div><div class="line">systemctl start nfs</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">mount -t nfs 10.10.7.163:/ldaphome /ldaphome</div><div class="line">df -hT</div><div class="line">Filesystem            Type      Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on</div><div class="line">/dev/vda1             ext3       40G  7.2G   31G  20% /</div><div class="line">devtmpfs              devtmpfs  3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev</div><div class="line">tmpfs                 tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /dev/shm</div><div class="line">tmpfs                 tmpfs     3.9G  500K  3.9G   1% /run</div><div class="line">tmpfs                 tmpfs     3.9G     0  3.9G   0% /sys/fs/cgroup</div><div class="line">/dev/vdb1             ext4      493G  572M  467G   1% /data</div><div class="line">tmpfs                 tmpfs     783M     0  783M   0% /run/user/0</div><div class="line">10.10.7.163:/ldaphome nfs4       40G  5.1G   33G  14% /ldaphome</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x52A0;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x5F00;&#x673A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x4E2D;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">10.10.7.163/ldaphome    /ldaphome       nfs     defaults        1 2</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x6C38;&#x4E45;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7AEF;NFS&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;NFS&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x65F6;&#x4F1A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x53D8;&#x6162;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x628A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;NFS&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x5230;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x53BB;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x3002;<br>&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x7528;<del><code>autofs</code>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x6765;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;</del>&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x6211;&#x5728;centos6&#x4E2D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;Cetnos7&#x4E0A;&#x597D;&#x50CF;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x4E86;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;<br>&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5BB6;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5728;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<code>sudo</code>&#x6765;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="ldap&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;">ldap&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;</h5><br>&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x7528;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;ssh&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x505A;&#x4E00;&#x70B9;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum install openssh-ldap</div><div class="line">cp /usr/share/doc/openssh-ldap-6.6.1p1/ldap.conf /etc/ssh/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x518D;&#x6765;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;<code>/etc/ssh/sshd_config</code>&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">AuthorizedKeysCommand /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/bin/fetchSSHKeysFromLDAP</div><div class="line">PubkeyAuthentication yes</div><div class="line">AuthorizedKeysCommandUser root</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C0F;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x5C06;&#x4ECE;LDAP&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x5E76;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7ED9;SSH&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">#!/bin/sh</span></div><div class="line">vim /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/bin/fetchSSHKeysFromLDAP</div><div class="line">ldapsearch -x <span class="string">&apos;(&amp;(objectClass=ldapPublicKey)(uid=&apos;</span><span class="string">&quot;<span class="variable">$1</span>&quot;</span><span class="string">&apos;))&apos;</span> <span class="string">&apos;sshPublicKey&apos;</span> | \</div><div class="line">    sed -n <span class="string">&apos;/^ /{H;d};/sshPublicKey:/x;$g;s/\n *//g;s/sshPublicKey: //gp&apos;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;sshd&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;ldap web&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x767B;&#x5F55;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap11.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x7ED9;&#x4ED6;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x503C;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap12.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;<code>xshell</code>&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x6765;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x5BF9;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x516C;&#x94A5;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x5230;&#x5BF9;&#x8BDD;&#x6846;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap13.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5B8C;&#x516C;&#x94A5;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7528;xshell&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap7.gif" class="blockquote-center"> </p>
<p></p><h5 id="ldap&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x652F;&#x6301;sudo">ldap&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x652F;&#x6301;sudo</h5><br>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;Centos&#x4E2D;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8BA9;LDAP&#x652F;&#x6301;sudo&#x7684;&#x5957;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h6><br>&#x5148;&#x627E;&#x5230;sudo&#x5957;&#x4EF6;&#x91CC;&#x9762;&#x7684; <code>schema.OpenLDAP</code>&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x5230;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum install openldap-servers openldap-clients openssh-ldap</div><div class="line">rpm -qal | grep sudo</div><div class="line">/usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8.6p7/schema.OpenLDAP</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x627E;&#x5230;schema.OpenLDAP&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</span></div><div class="line">cp /usr/share/doc/sudo-1.8.6p7/schema.OpenLDAP /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/sudo.schema</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x662F;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x662F;yum&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x662F;&#x5728;/etc/openldap/schema/sudo.schema</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x5728;&#x627E;&#x5230;openssh&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x5206;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">rpm -qal | grep openssh-ldap</div><div class="line">/usr/share/doc/openssh-ldap-6.6.1p1/openssh-lpk-openldap.schema</div><div class="line">cp /usr/share/doc/openssh-ldap-6.6.1p1/openssh-lpk-openldap.schema /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># yum&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x540C;&#x4E0A;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5728;&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E0A;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/slapd.conf</div><div class="line">include         /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/openssh-lpk-openldap.schema</div><div class="line">include         /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/schema/sudo.schema</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;kill&#x6389;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E0B;slapd&#x5373;&#x53EF;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;phpldapadmin&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x652F;&#x6301;sudo&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5230;&#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#x4E0A;&#x5F04;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;template<br><a href="http://phpldapadmin.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/TemplatesContributed:Sudo" target="_blank" rel="external">http://phpldapadmin.sourceforge.net/wiki/index.php/TemplatesContributed:Sudo</a><br>&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7F51;&#x7AD9;&#x4E2D;&#x6709;<code>Creation Template</code>&#x548C;<code>Modification Templat</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x5C06;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x5230;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;xml&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">/usr/share/phpldapadmin/templates/creation/sudo.xml</div><div class="line">/usr/share/phpldapadmin/templates/modification/sudo.xml</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;<code>phpldapadmin</code>&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8F7D;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728;phpldapadmin&#x4E2D;&#x5148;&#x5EFA;&#x7ACB; ou=sudoers&#x624D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6B64;&#x6A21;&#x677F;</p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h6><br>&#x8BA9;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;LDAP&#x652F;&#x6301;sudo&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x505A;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br>&#x7F16;&#x8F91;<code>/etc/sudo-ldap.conf</code><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/sudo-ldap.conf</div><div class="line">uri ldap://10.10.7.163/ </div><div class="line">sudoers_base ou=sudoers,dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x7F16;&#x8F91;/etc/nsswitch.conf<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/nsswitch.conf</div><div class="line">sudoers:    files ldap</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x53E5;&#x8BDD;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x662F;&#x5148;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x672C;&#x673A;&#x7684;sudo&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5728;&#x5224;&#x65AD;ldap&#x7684;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;">&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;</h6><br>sudo&#x7684;&#x5EFA;&#x7ACB;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x662F;ou=sudoers&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5148;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;sudoers<br><img src="/uploads/ldap8.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;sudoers&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x968F;&#x4FBF;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x6237;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap4.gif" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x5EFA;&#x5B8C;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5148;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x786E;&#x8BA4;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;sudo<br><img src="/uploads/ldap5.gif" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;sudo&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8FD9;&#x6B21;&#x5728;ldap web&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x4E0A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5C31;ok&#x4E86;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap9.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/ldap10.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x518D;&#x6B21;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;sudo&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x770B;&#x4F1A;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap6.gif" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;sudo&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x751F;&#x6548;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;gitlab&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;">&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;GitLab&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;</h4><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x662F;<code>9.5.4-ce.0.el7</code>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x7684;gitlab&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x81EA;&#x884C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x3002;<br>&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x8FC7;gitlab&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6682;&#x65F6;&#x4E0D;&#x8D34;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x53EA;&#x66F4;&#x6539;gitlab&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x4FEE;&#x6539;gitlab&#x6587;&#x4EF6;">&#x4FEE;&#x6539;gitlab&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb</div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;ldap_enabled&apos;</span>] = <span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">###! **remember to close this block with &apos;EOS&apos; below**</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;ldap_servers&apos;</span>] = YAML.load &lt;&lt;-<span class="string">&apos;EOS&apos;</span></div><div class="line">   main: <span class="comment"># &apos;main&apos; is the GitLab &apos;provider ID&apos; of this LDAP server</span></div><div class="line">     label: <span class="string">&apos;LDAP&apos;</span></div><div class="line">     host: <span class="string">&apos;10.10.7.163&apos;</span></div><div class="line">     port: 389</div><div class="line">     uid: <span class="string">&apos;uid&apos;</span></div><div class="line">     method: <span class="string">&apos;plain&apos;</span> <span class="comment"># &quot;tls&quot; or &quot;ssl&quot; or &quot;plain&quot;</span></div><div class="line">     <span class="built_in">bind</span>_dn: <span class="string">&apos;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&apos;</span></div><div class="line">     password: <span class="string">&apos;123.com&apos;</span></div><div class="line">     active_directory: <span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line">     allow_username_or_email_login: <span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">     block_auto_created_users: <span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">     base: <span class="string">&apos;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&apos;</span></div><div class="line">     user_filter: <span class="string">&apos;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">     attributes:</div><div class="line">       username: [<span class="string">&apos;uid&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;userid&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;sAMAccountName&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">       email:    [<span class="string">&apos;mail&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;email&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;userPrincipalName&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">       name:       <span class="string">&apos;cn&apos;</span></div><div class="line">       first_name: <span class="string">&apos;givenName&apos;</span></div><div class="line">       last_name:  <span class="string">&apos;sn&apos;</span></div><div class="line">EOS</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">gitlab-ctl reconfigure </div><div class="line">gitlab-ctl restart</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7528;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;<code>openldap</code>&#x8D26;&#x6237;&#x767B;&#x5F55;gitlab&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap8.gif" class="blockquote-center"> </p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;jenkins&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;">&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;jenkins&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;ldap&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;ldap&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h5><br>&#x5728; [&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;] &#x2013;&gt; [&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;] &#x2013;&gt; [&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;] &#x67E5;&#x627E;ldap&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x597D;&#x628A;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;ldap&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x90FD;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap14.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="ldap&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">ldap&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>&#x5728; [&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;] &#x2013;&gt; [Configure Global Security] &#x4E2D;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap15.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="ldap&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;">ldap&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;</h5><br>&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x4E00;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;<code>jenkins&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;ldap&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x5728;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;</code><br><img src="/uploads/ldap9.gif" class="blockquote-center"><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;zabbix&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;">&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;zabbix&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;</h4><br>&#x6682;&#x65F6;&#x672A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x656C;&#x8BF7;&#x671F;&#x5F85;<p></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;接着上次的&lt;code&gt;OpenLDAP统一认证&lt;/code&gt;继续写，这次写的是我们的客户端如何对接到OpenLDAP服务端。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="运维" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4/"/>
    
    
      <category term="openldap" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/openldap/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>CentOS7实现OpenLDAP统一认证（服务端）</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/24057/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/24057/</id>
    <published>2017-09-07T03:03:50.644Z</published>
    <updated>2017-09-09T01:05:52.851Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5267;&#x589E;&#xFF0C;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x3001;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x90FD;&#x5404;&#x4E0D;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x91C7;&#x7528;LDAP&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;Linux&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x80CC;&#x666F;">&#x80CC;&#x666F;</h5><br>&#x968F;&#x7740;&#x56E2;&#x961F;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x3001;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x589E;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x53F0;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x90FD;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#xFF1A;<p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;&#x6210;&#x672C;&#x8FC7;&#x9AD8;</li>
<li>&#x5458;&#x5DE5;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x4E0D;&#x4FBF;</li>
<li>&#x5458;&#x5DE5;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8BB0;&#x4F4F;&#x7684;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x592A;&#x591A;</li>
<li>&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x660E;&#x786E;&#x7684;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x5212;&#x5206;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x6548;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x5458;&#x5DE5;&#x589E;&#x51CF;&#xFF0C;&#x5FEB;&#x901F;&#x5F00;&#x901A;&#x3001;&#x6CE8;&#x9500;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;</li>
<li>&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x4E00;&#x5957;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D;&#x3001;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF08;&#x6709;&#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x3001;&#x5B9A;&#x671F;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x3001;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x7684;&#x5212;&#x5206;&#x6743;&#x9650;</li>
<li>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x6216;WEB&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x5458;&#x5DE5;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6CE8;&#x518C;&#x548C;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</li>
<li>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6253;&#x901A;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x652F;&#x6301;LDAP&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6765;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x767B;&#x5F55;</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;openldap">&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;OpenLDAP</h5><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4EC5;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x662F;<code>Cetnos7</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7528;yum&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x4E3B;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5C31;&#x8F6C;&#x4E3A;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E86;&#x3002;<br>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7528;yum&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x8DDF;&#x8FD9;&#x7BC7;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x4E0D;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x81EA;&#x884C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;&#x4E0D;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x81EA;&#x884C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x5305;">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x5305;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum install *ltdl* -y</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x6D89;&#x53CA;libtool-ltdl&#x4E0E;libtool-ltdl-devel&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4E0D;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x65F6;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF1A;<code>configure: error: could not locate libtool ltdl.h</code></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;bdb">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;BDB</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /<span class="built_in">source</span>/</div><div class="line">wget http://download.oracle.com/berkeley-db/db-5.1.29.tar.gz</div><div class="line">tar -zxf db-5.1.29.tar.gz </div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> db-5.1.29/build_unix/</div><div class="line">../dist/configure --prefix=/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/berkeleydb-5.1.29</div><div class="line">make -j 4 &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728;&#x89E3;&#x538B;&#x5305;&#x7684;<code>build_unix</code>&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E2D;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x66F4;&#x65B0;lib&#x5E93;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">&quot;/usr/local/berkeleydb-5.1.29/lib/&quot;</span> &gt; /etc/ld.so.conf</div><div class="line">ldconfig -v</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;openldap&#x65F6;&#x80FD;&#x627E;&#x5230;lib&#x548C;include&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x5E93;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;openldap">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;OpenLDAP</h6><br>&#x5728;&#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D; OpenLDAP &#x7684;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5305; <a href="http://www.openldap.org/software/download/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.openldap.org/software/download/</a><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /<span class="built_in">source</span>/</div><div class="line">tar -zxvf openldap-2.4.45.tgz</div><div class="line">./configure --prefix=/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45 --enable-syslog --enable-modules --enable-debug --with-tls CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/berkeleydb-5.1.29/include/ LDFLAGS=-L/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/berkeleydb-5.1.29/lib/</div><div class="line">make depend &amp;&amp; make -j 4</div><div class="line">make <span class="built_in">test</span> -j 4 &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x5176;&#x4E2D; make test&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x8F83;&#x957F;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x771F;&#x7684;<code>&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x4E45;</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7B49;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#x5728;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x53EF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;">&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x53EF;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45</div><div class="line">ln <span class="_">-s</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/bin/* /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/bin/</div><div class="line">ln <span class="_">-s</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/sbin/* /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sbin/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x5BF9;openldap&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#xFF08;bin&#xFF09;&#x4E0E;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7AEF;&#xFF08;sbin&#xFF09;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6863;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x8F6F;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="openldap&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">OpenLDAP&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>openldap&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x627F;&#x8F7D;&#x7684;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;<p></p>
<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</th>
<th>&#x529F;&#x80FD;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>bin</td>
<td>&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x5982;ldapadd&#x3001;ldapsearch</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>etc</td>
<td>&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;slapd.conf&#x3001;schema&#x3001;DB_CONFIG&#x7B49;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>include</td>
<td>ldap&#x7684;&#x5934;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>lib</td>
<td>ldap&#x7684;&#x5E93;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>libexec</td>
<td>&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;slapd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>sbin</td>
<td>&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x5982;slappasswd</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>share</td>
<td>&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>var</td>
<td>bdb&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x3001;log&#x5B58;&#x653E;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;rootdn&#x5BC6;&#x7801;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;rootdn&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</h6><br>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<code>slappasswd</code>&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">slappasswd </div><div class="line">New password: </div><div class="line">Re-enter new password: </div><div class="line">{SSHA}hGv0+3o1yjqnG1miKcfCg8ZaYt6Yu7Up</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;rootdn&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E3A;123.com<br>&#x8FD9;&#x6837;rootdn&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x4E3A;&#x5BC6;&#x6587;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x5BC6;&#x6587;&#x5230;&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;rootdn&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E0D;&#x60F3;&#x9EBB;&#x70E6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#x6B64;&#x6B65;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x660E;&#x6587;&#x5373;&#x53EF;</p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;slapdconf">&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;slapd.conf</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/slapd.conf</div><div class="line">include		/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/core.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/collective.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/corba.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/cosine.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/duaconf.schema</div><div class="line">include		/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/dyngroup.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/java.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/misc.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/nis.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/openldap.schema</div><div class="line">include 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/pmi.schema</div><div class="line">include		/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/etc/openldap/schema/ppolicy.schema</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># schema&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x53EA;&#x6709;core.schema&#xFF0C;&#x5404;&#x7EA7;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C06;&#x540C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684;schema&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E2D;&#x6709;&#x7684;schema&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x90FD;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">pidfile		/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/var/run/slapd.pid</div><div class="line">argsfile	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/var/run/slapd.args</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">loglevel 	256</div><div class="line">logfile 	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/var/slapd.log</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x65B0;&#x589E;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#x4E0E;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x65F6;--enable-debug&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x8C03;&#x8BD5;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">database	mdb</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;mdb&#x505A;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E3A;&#x201D;bdb&#x201D;&#x53C2;&#x6570;</span></div><div class="line">maxsize		1073741824</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528;mdb&#x505A;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5B98;&#x65B9;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x4E2D;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;bdb&#x505A;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C06;&#x6B64;&#x9879;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x6CE8;&#x91CA;&#x3002;</span></div><div class="line">suffix		<span class="string">&quot;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">rootdn		<span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x57DF;&#x540D;&#x53CA;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5458;&#x8D26;&#x6237;&#x540D;&#x3002;</span></div><div class="line">rootpw		{SSHA}zeDxaJux8J1ELXz8jl9IefQskvng1PbT</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x5BC6;&#x6587;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;slappasswd&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x6587;&#x3002;</span></div><div class="line">directory	/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/var/openldap-data</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># openldap&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x91C7;&#x7528;mdb&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x201D; data.mdb&#x201D;&#x4E0E;&#x201D; lock.mdb&#x201D;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF1B;&#x91C7;&#x7528;bdb&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x201D; dn2id.bdb&#x201D;&#x4E0E;&#x201D; id2entry.bdb&#x201D;&#xFF0C;&#x53CA;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x201D; __db.00*&#x201D;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;</span></div><div class="line">index	objectClass	eq</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;openladp">&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;OpenLADP</h6><br>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x91C7;&#x7528;mdb&#x505A;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x6B65;&#x53EF;&#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#xFF0C;DB_CONFIG&#x662F; bdb/hdb&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x3002;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/var/openldap-data/</div><div class="line">cp DB_CONFIG.example DB_CONFIG</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x4E0E;&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;bdb&#x4E0E;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5B58;&#x653E;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x542F;&#x52A8;openladp">&#x542F;&#x52A8;OpenLADP</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.45/libexec/slapd</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;;<br>&#x975E;root&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;1~1024&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x662F;&#x975E;root&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;">&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;</h6><br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapsearch -x -b &apos;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&apos;</div><div class="line"># extended LDIF</div><div class="line">#</div><div class="line"># LDAPv3</div><div class="line"># base &lt;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&gt; with scope subtree</div><div class="line"># filter: (objectclass=*)</div><div class="line"># requesting: ALL</div><div class="line">#</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"># 11ziyun.com</div><div class="line">dn: dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line">objectClass: dcObject</div><div class="line">objectClass: organization</div><div class="line">dc: 11ziyun</div><div class="line">o: SYS.Inc</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"># admin, 11ziyun.com</div><div class="line">dn: cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line">objectClass: organizationalRole</div><div class="line">cn: admin</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"># search result</div><div class="line">search: 2</div><div class="line">result: 0 Success</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"># numResponses: 3</div><div class="line"># numEntries: 2</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x6548;&#x679C;&#x548C;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x4E0D;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x5EFA;&#x8FC7;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x884C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="ldap&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x52A0;&#x56FA;">LDAP&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x52A0;&#x56FA;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x7981;&#x7528;&#x533F;&#x540D;&#x767B;&#x5F55;">&#x7981;&#x7528;&#x533F;&#x540D;&#x767B;&#x5F55;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapmodify -Q -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// &lt;&lt;EOF</div><div class="line">&gt; dn: cn=config</div><div class="line">&gt; changetype: modify</div><div class="line">&gt; add: olcDisallows</div><div class="line">&gt; olcDisallows: <span class="built_in">bind</span>_anon</div><div class="line">&gt; EOF</div><div class="line">modifying entry <span class="string">&quot;cn=config&quot;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapmodify -Q -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// &lt;&lt;EOF</div><div class="line">&gt; dn: olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config</div><div class="line">&gt; changetype: modify</div><div class="line">&gt; add: olcRequires</div><div class="line">&gt; olcRequires: authc</div><div class="line">&gt; EOF</div><div class="line">modifying entry <span class="string">&quot;olcDatabase={-1}frontend,cn=config&quot;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;">&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapmodify -Q -Y EXTERNAL -H ldapi:/// &lt;&lt;EOF</div><div class="line">&gt; dn: olcDatabase{2}hdb,cn=config</div><div class="line">&gt; changetype: modify</div><div class="line">&gt; replace: olcAccess              </div><div class="line">&gt; access to attrs=userPassword</div><div class="line">&gt;  by self write  </div><div class="line">&gt;  by anonymous auth  </div><div class="line">&gt;  by users none</div><div class="line">&gt; EOF</div><div class="line">ldapmodify: invalid format (line 4) entry: <span class="string">&quot;olcDatabase{2}hdb,cn=config&quot;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x4E3B;&#x4E3B;&#x590D;&#x5236;">&#x4E3B;&#x4E3B;&#x590D;&#x5236;</h5><br>&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x6709;&#x8BD5;&#x8FC7;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x6548;&#x679C;&#x597D;&#x50CF;&#x4E0D;&#x592A;&#x7406;&#x60F3;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x4E86;&#x4E0B;&#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4E86;&#x4E3B;&#x4E3B;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x3002;<br>&#x81F3;&#x4E8E;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7684;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x5B98;&#x7F51;:<br>    <a href="http://wiki.jabbercn.org/index.php/OpenLDAP2.4%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%91%98%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97#.E5.A4.8D.E5.88.B6.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF" target="_blank" rel="external">http://wiki.jabbercn.org/index.php/OpenLDAP2.4%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%91%98%E6%8C%87%E5%8D%97#.E5.A4.8D.E5.88.B6.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF</a><p></p>
<p>&#x8282;&#x70B9;1&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/slapd.conf</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6700;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;</span></div><div class="line">serverID        1</div><div class="line">overlay syncprov</div><div class="line">syncrepl        rid=002</div><div class="line">                provider=ldap://10.10.7.163:389/</div><div class="line">                bindmethod=simple</div><div class="line">                binddn=<span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">                credentials=123.com</div><div class="line">                searchbase=<span class="string">&quot;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">                schemachecking=on</div><div class="line">                <span class="built_in">type</span>=refreshAndPersist</div><div class="line">                retry=<span class="string">&quot;60 +&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">mirrormode on</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x8282;&#x70B9;2&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/openldap-2.4.44/etc/openldap/slapd.conf</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6700;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;</span></div><div class="line">serverID        2</div><div class="line">overlay syncprov</div><div class="line">syncrepl        rid=001</div><div class="line">                provider=ldap://10.10.7.160:389/</div><div class="line">                bindmethod=simple</div><div class="line">                binddn=<span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">                credentials=123.com</div><div class="line">                searchbase=<span class="string">&quot;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">                schemachecking=on</div><div class="line">                <span class="built_in">type</span>=refreshAndPersist</div><div class="line">                retry=<span class="string">&quot;60 +&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">mirrormode on</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#x4E0B;slapd&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x8282;&#x70B9;1&#x65B0;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x8282;&#x70B9;2&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x4E0B;<br>&#x8282;&#x70B9;1&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /tmp/test.ldif</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">dn: dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line">objectclass: dcObject</div><div class="line">objectclass: organization</div><div class="line">o: SYS.Inc</div><div class="line">dc: 11ziyun</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">dn: cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line">objectclass: organizationalRole</div><div class="line">cn: admin</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><code>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x7279;&#x522B;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x4E0B;</code>&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># .ldif &#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x51FA;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x4E25;&#x683C;&#x4E66;&#x5199;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x7A7A;&#x767D;&#x884C;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x81EA;&#x884C;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x6216;&#x51CF;&#x5C11;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x6B63;&#x786E;&#x4E66;&#x5199;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1A; </span></div><div class="line">&#xFF08;1&#x7A7A;&#x884C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">dn:&#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09; dc=mail,dc=kaspersky,dc=com&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">objectclass: &#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;dcObject&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">objectclass: &#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;organization&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">o: &#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;kaspersky&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">dc:&#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09; <span class="built_in">test</span>&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">&#xFF08;1&#x7A7A;&#x884C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">dn: &#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;cn=<span class="built_in">test</span>,dc=mail,dc=kaspersky,dc=com&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">objectclass: &#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;organizationalRole&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">cn: &#xFF08;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;<span class="built_in">test</span>&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">&#xFF08;&#x7ED3;&#x5C3E;&#x65E0;&#x7A7A;&#x884C;&#xFF09;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapadd -c -x -D <span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span> -W <span class="_">-f</span>  /tmp/test.ldif </div><div class="line">Enter LDAP Password: </div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">ldap_add: Already exists (68)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">ldap_add: Already exists (68)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4F1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5DF2;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x4F1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x6210;&#x529F;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5728;&#x8282;&#x70B9;2&#x770B;&#x4E0B;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5B58;&#x5728;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap1.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x5728;&#x8282;&#x70B9;2&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x4E3B;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x3002;<br>&#x53CC;&#x4E3B;&#x505A;&#x5B8C;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;<code>keepalived</code>&#x6765;&#x505A;&#x53CC;&#x673A;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="phpldapadmin&#x90E8;&#x7F72;">PhpLDAPAdmin&#x90E8;&#x7F72;</h5><br>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;phpLDAPAdmin&#x9700;&#x8981;EPEL&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#xFF0C;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x7528;&#x963F;&#x91CC;&#x4E91;&#x7684;yum&#x6E90;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum install -y phpldapadmin</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/phpldapadmin.conf</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">Alias /phpldapadmin /usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs</div><div class="line">Alias /ldapadmin /usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">&lt;Directory /usr/share/phpldapadmin/htdocs&gt;</div><div class="line">  &lt;IfModule mod_authz_core.c&gt;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment"># Apache 2.4</span></div><div class="line">    Require all denied</div><div class="line">    Require ip 192.168.1.101</div><div class="line">	<span class="comment"># &#x62D2;&#x7EDD;&#x6240;&#x6709;ip&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#xFF0C;&#x4EC5;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;192.168.1.101&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;</span></div><div class="line">  &lt;/IfModule&gt;</div><div class="line">  &lt;IfModule !mod_authz_core.c&gt;</div><div class="line">    <span class="comment"># Apache 2.2</span></div><div class="line">    Order Deny,Allow</div><div class="line">    Deny from all</div><div class="line">    Allow from 127.0.0.1</div><div class="line">    Allow from ::1</div><div class="line">  &lt;/IfModule&gt;</div><div class="line">&lt;/Directory&gt;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/phpldapadmin/config.php</div><div class="line"><span class="variable">$servers</span>-&gt;<span class="built_in">set</span>Value(<span class="string">&apos;login&apos;</span>,<span class="string">&apos;attr&apos;</span>,<span class="string">&apos;dn&apos;</span>);</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x6CE8;&#x91CA;&#x53BB;&#x6389;</span></div><div class="line">//<span class="variable">$servers</span>-&gt;<span class="built_in">set</span>Value(<span class="string">&apos;login&apos;</span>,<span class="string">&apos;attr&apos;</span>,<span class="string">&apos;uid&apos;</span>);</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x6CE8;&#x91CA;&#x6389;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x91CD;&#x542F;httpd&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x8F93;&#x5165;OpenLDAP&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;IP ip/ldapadmin &#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap2.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/ldap3.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x6B64;&#x5904;&#x8B66;&#x544A;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#x8BE5;&#x7F51;&#x7AD9;&#x672A;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x505A;HTTPS</p>
<p></p><h5 id="ldap-account-manager-&#x5B89;&#x88C5;">LDAP Account Manager &#x5B89;&#x88C5;</h5><br>&#x4E2A;&#x4EBA;&#x66F4;&#x559C;&#x6B22;Account Manager&#x6765;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;LDAP&#xFF0C;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x53BB;&#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5305;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://www.ldap-account-manager.org/lamcms/releases" target="_blank" rel="external">https://www.ldap-account-manager.org/lamcms/releases</a><br>&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5B8C;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x540E;&#x786E;&#x8BA4;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x6709;php&#x548C;httpd&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">mv /tmp/ldap-account-manager-6.0.1 /var/www/html/ldap</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /var/www/html/ldap/config/</div><div class="line">cp config.cfg.sample config.cfg</div><div class="line">vim config.cfg</div><div class="line">password: {SSHA}zeDxaJux8J1ELXz8jl9IefQskvng1PbT</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5C06;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x6539;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</span></div><div class="line">cp addressbook.conf.sample addressbook.conf</div><div class="line">vim addressbook.conf</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x6539;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x548C;ldap&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7EC4;&#x7EC7;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x5373;&#x53EF;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><img src="/uploads/ldap4.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x542F;httpd&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;ip/ldap&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap5.png" class="blockquote-center"> </p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;">&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</h5><br>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;migrationtools<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum -y install migrationtools</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;migrationtools&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /usr/share/migrationtools/migrate_common.ph</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Default DNS domain</span></div><div class="line"><span class="variable">$DEFAULT_MAIL_DOMAIN</span> = <span class="string">&quot;11ziyun.com&quot;</span>;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Default base </span></div><div class="line"><span class="variable">$DEFAULT_BASE</span> = <span class="string">&quot;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span>;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;base.ldif&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x628A;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x53BB;&#x6389;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">/usr/share/migrationtools/migrate_base.pl &gt; base.ldif</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x628A;base.ldif&#x5BFC;&#x5165;OpenLDAP<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapadd -c -x -D <span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span> -W <span class="_">-f</span> base.ldif</div><div class="line">Enter LDAP Password: </div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">ldap_add: Already exists (68)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Hosts,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Rpc,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Services,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;nisMapName=netgroup.byuser,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Mounts,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Networks,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=People,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">ldap_add: Already exists (68)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Group,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Netgroup,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Protocols,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;ou=Aliases,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;nisMapName=netgroup.byhost,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5230;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x5DF2;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x4E3B;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x751F;&#x6548;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x3002;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap6.png" class="blockquote-center"> </p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x751F;&#x6210;ldif&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">useradd ldaptest01 </div><div class="line">passwd ldaptest01</div><div class="line">Changing password <span class="keyword">for</span> user ldaptest01.</div><div class="line">New password: </div><div class="line">BAD PASSWORD: The password fails the dictionary check - it is too simplistic/systematic</div><div class="line">Retype new password: </div><div class="line">passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span>  /usr/share/migrationtools</div><div class="line">./migrate_passwd.pl /etc/passwd passwd.ldif</div><div class="line">./migrate_group.pl /etc/group group.ldif</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6765;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x8FD9;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;.ldif&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x53EA;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x65B0;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;ldaptest01&#x7528;&#x6237;<br>passwd.ldif&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;ldaptest01&#x4FE1;&#x606F;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim passwd.ldif</div><div class="line">dn: uid=ldaptest01,ou=People,dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line">uid: ldaptest01</div><div class="line">cn: ldaptest01</div><div class="line">objectClass: account</div><div class="line">objectClass: posixAccount</div><div class="line">objectClass: top</div><div class="line">objectClass: shadowAccount</div><div class="line">userPassword: {crypt}<span class="variable">$6</span><span class="variable">$mbdS0</span>/TR<span class="variable">$r1uzddpsTq5swptM548</span>/3U66POPHLOi5xQHPuICVvyMbixexGYd1428RssZMBEBPPFmxoXTXa9RkZQMSXQL89/</div><div class="line">shadowLastChange: 17417</div><div class="line">shadowM<span class="keyword">in</span>: 0</div><div class="line">shadowMax: 99999</div><div class="line">shadowWarning: 7</div><div class="line">loginShell: /bin/bash</div><div class="line">uidNumber: 1000</div><div class="line">gidNumber: 1000</div><div class="line">homeDirectory: /home/ldaptest01</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>group.ldif&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;ldaptest01&#x4FE1;&#x606F;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim group.ldif </div><div class="line">dn: cn=ldaptest01,ou=Group,dc=11ziyun,dc=com</div><div class="line">objectClass: posixGroup</div><div class="line">objectClass: top</div><div class="line">cn: ldaptest01</div><div class="line">userPassword: {crypt}x</div><div class="line">gidNumber: 1000</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x8FDB;ldap<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapadd -x -D <span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span> -W <span class="_">-f</span> passwd.ldif</div><div class="line">Enter LDAP Password: </div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;uid=ldaptest01,ou=People,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x7EC4;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x8FDB;ldap<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ldapadd -x -D <span class="string">&quot;cn=admin,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span> -W <span class="_">-f</span> group.ldif </div><div class="line">Enter LDAP Password: </div><div class="line">adding new entry <span class="string">&quot;cn=ldaptest01,ou=Group,dc=11ziyun,dc=com&quot;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x767B;&#x5F55;web&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#xFF1A;<br><img src="/uploads/ldap7.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C31;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x628A;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x5BFC;&#x5165;&#x4E86;OpenLDAP&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;openldap web&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#x3002;<br>&#x518D;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x505A;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x7BC7;&#x5E45;&#x592A;&#x957F;&#xFF0C;&#x6682;&#x65F6;&#x653E;&#x5728;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x7BC7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6765;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6F14;&#x793A;&#x3002;</p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;由于公司内部系统剧增，服务器太多，每个系统、服务器的账号都各不相同。所以决定采用LDAP的方式来实现Linux用户统一认证。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="运维" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4/"/>
    
    
      <category term="openldap" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/openldap/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>MySQL5.7双主同步部分表(技术调研)</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/940/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/940/</id>
    <published>2017-09-04T06:56:33.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-09-04T07:37:09.248Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x81EA;&#x8EAB;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x8868;&#x9700;&#x8981;<code>&#x5B9E;&#x65F6;&#x53CC;&#x5411;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x6570;&#x636E;</code>&#xFF0C;&#x4E14;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x5B95;&#x673A;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x8C03;&#x7814;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x540E;&#x671F;&#x91CD;&#x6784;&#x4E2D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;mysql57">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;MySQL5.7</h4><br>&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8FDB;&#x5B98;&#x7F51; <a href="https://dev.mysql.com" target="_blank" rel="external">https://dev.mysql.com</a> &#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;yum&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD5;&#x7ADF;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x53C8;&#x7701;&#x4E8B;&#x3002;<p></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm</div><div class="line">yum -y install mysql57-community-release-el7-11.noarch.rpm</div><div class="line">yum -y install mysql-server</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B89;&#x88C5;MySQL5.7</span></div><div class="line">systemctl start mysqld</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x542F;&#x52A8;MySQL</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x53CC;&#x4E3B;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x53CC;&#x4E3B;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="mycnf&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">my.cnf&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>&#x6B64;&#x5904;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x505A;&#x4E86;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x53CC;&#x4E3B;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x505A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x65B9;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x5316;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F18;&#x5316;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x79C1;&#x804A;&#x3002;<br>MySQL1&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[mysqld]</div><div class="line">vim /etc/my.cnf</div><div class="line">datadir=/var/lib/mysql</div><div class="line">socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock</div><div class="line">symbolic-links=0</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">log</span>-error=/var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/mysqld.log</div><div class="line">pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid</div><div class="line">skip_name_resolve=ON</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</span></div><div class="line">validate_password_policy=0</div><div class="line">validate_password_length=1</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">###&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">log</span>_bin=bin_<span class="built_in">log</span></div><div class="line">server-id=1</div><div class="line">binlog-do-db=ziyun</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x54EA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5E93;</span></div><div class="line">slave_parallel_<span class="built_in">type</span>=<span class="string">&apos;logical_clock&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E3A; LOGICAL_CLOCK</span></div><div class="line">slave_parallel_workers=4</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x4E3A; 4</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">###&#x4ECE;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</span></div><div class="line">relay-log=relay-bin</div><div class="line">relay-log-index=relay-bin.index</div><div class="line">replicate-do-db=ziyun</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x4E3B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x5E93;</span></div><div class="line">replicate-do-table=ziyun.test1</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x4E3B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x54EA;&#x4E00;&#x5F20;&#x8868;</span></div><div class="line">replicate-do-table=ziyun.test2</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>MySQL2&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x548C;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;<code>server-id=2</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;&#x5373;&#x53EF;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="mysql&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">MySQL&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x90FD;&#x5728;SQL&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x754C;&#x9762;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br>&#x4E3B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;:<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">mysql&gt; CREATE USER <span class="string">&apos;slave&apos;</span>@<span class="string">&apos;192.168.1.100&apos;</span> IDENTIFIED BY <span class="string">&apos;123.com&apos;</span>; </div><div class="line">mysql&gt; GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO <span class="string">&apos;slave&apos;</span>@<span class="string">&apos;192.168.1.100&apos;</span>;</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x6388;&#x6743;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x548C;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</span></div><div class="line">mysql&gt; show master status;</div><div class="line">+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+</div><div class="line">| File            | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |</div><div class="line">+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+</div><div class="line">| bin_log.000002 |     8384 | ziyun        |                  |                   |</div><div class="line">+-----------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+</div><div class="line">1 row <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">set</span> (0.00 sec)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x4ECE;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;:<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">mysql&gt; CHANGE MASTER TO</div><div class="line">    -&gt; MASTER_HOST=<span class="string">&apos;192.168.1.101&apos;</span>,</div><div class="line">    -&gt; MASTER_USER=<span class="string">&apos;slave&apos;</span>,</div><div class="line">    -&gt; MASTER_LOG_FILE=<span class="string">&apos;bin_log.000002&apos;</span>,</div><div class="line">    -&gt; MASTER_LOG_POS=8384;</div><div class="line">Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.01 sec)</div><div class="line">mysql&gt; start slave;</div><div class="line">Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)</div><div class="line">mysql&gt; show slave status\G</div><div class="line">            Slave_IO_Running: Yes</div><div class="line">            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x90FD;&#x4E3A;yes&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x65E0;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x5373;&#x53EF;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5728;MySQL2&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5373;&#x53EF;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x53CC;&#x4E3B;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;">&#x53CC;&#x4E3B;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;</h4><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x5728;&#x4E24;&#x8FB9;&#x90FD;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;<code>ziyun</code>&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5EFA;&#x4E86;<code>test1</code> <code>test2</code> <code>test3</code>&#x8868;&#xFF0C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x6548;&#x679C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;<br><img src="/uploads/tongbu.gif" class="blockquote-center"><p></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;由于公司自身业务，两个数据库之间某些表需要&lt;code&gt;实时双向同步数据&lt;/code&gt;，且其中任何一台数据库宕机都不会影响另外一台数据库，这里记录一下自己的技术调研，以便后期重构中使用。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="技术调研" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E8%B0%83%E7%A0%94/"/>
    
    
      <category term="MySQL" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/MySQL/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>MySQL5.7+MHA+MAXSCAL2.0部署</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/62835/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/62835/</id>
    <published>2017-08-10T11:14:28.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-08-14T07:50:19.436Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x636E;&#x8BF4;MySQL5.7&#x5728;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x548C;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x4E0A;&#x6709;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x63D0;&#x5347;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x8C03;&#x7814;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;MySQL5.7+MHA+MAXSCAL2.0&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E3B;&#x591A;&#x4ECE;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x8BFB;&#x5199;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="mysql57&#x65B0;&#x7279;&#x6027;">MySQL5.7&#x65B0;&#x7279;&#x6027;</h4><br>&#x6B64;&#x5904;&#x53EA;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x4E0B;&#x9488;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x65B0;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;<p></p>
<ol>
<li><a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/xuanzhi201111/p/4899960.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.cnblogs.com/xuanzhi201111/p/4899960.html</a></li>
<li><a href="https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/news-5-7-0.html" target="_blank" rel="external">https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/news-5-7-0.html</a></li>
</ol>
<h5 id="&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x6027;">&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x6027;</h5>

<ul>
<li>&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8868; mysql.user &#x7684; plugin&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x4E0D;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x4E3A;&#x7A7A;&#xFF0C; &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x503C;&#x662F; mysql_native_password&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F; mysql_old_password&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x65E7;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x8FC7;&#x671F;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x8FC7;&#x671F;&#x540E;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x7981;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;&#x6C99;&#x7BB1;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; mysql_install_db &#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x5316;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x4E0D;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x9664; root@localhost &#x5916;&#x7684;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x8D26;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x521B;&#x5EFA; test &#x5E93;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x4E3A;&#x9632;&#x6B62;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x8FC7;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;mysql&#x5728;5.6&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5C31;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x4E86;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x7684;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</li>
<li>&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x66F4;&#x4E3A;&#x7B80;&#x5355;SSL&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x5C31;&#x91C7;&#x7528;SSL&#x7684;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;</li>
</ul>
<h5 id="&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;">&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;</h5><br><h6 id="mysql56&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;">MySQL5.6&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;</h6><br>&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x5355;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF1A;Binlog Dump&#xFF08;&#x4E3B;&#xFF09; &#x2014;&#x2013;&gt;IO Thread &#xFF08;&#x4ECE;&#xFF09; &#x2014;&#x2013;&gt; SQL Thread&#xFF08;&#x4ECE;&#xFF09;&#x3002;<br>&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x5EF6;&#x8FDF;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x51FA;&#x5728;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5730;&#x65B9;:<br>1. SQL&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5FD9;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#xFF08;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x91CF;&#x8F83;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x548C;&#x4ECE;&#x5E93;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6709;&#x9501;&#x548C;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x7684;&#x51B2;&#x7A81;&#xFF1B;&#x4E3B;&#x5E93;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x5199;&#xFF0C;SQL&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#xFF1B;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF09;<br>2. &#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x6296;&#x52A8;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;IO&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x5EF6;&#x8FDF;&#xFF08;&#x6B21;&#x8981;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF09;<br><br>MySQL&#x4ECE;5.6&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6709;&#x4E86;SQL Thread&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x8FD8;&#x539F;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x3002;<br><br>MySQL 5.6&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x53C2;&#x6570;slave_parallel_workers = 4(&gt;1)&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x6709;4&#x4E2A;SQL Thread&#xFF08;coordinator&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF09;&#x6765;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E3A;&#xFF1A;Waiting for an evant from Coordinator&#x3002;<br>&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5176;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;Schema&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x4E2D;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;Schema&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;Slave&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6709;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x63D0;&#x5347;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#x5355;&#x5E93;&#x591A;&#x8868;&#x662F;&#x66F4;&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x5F62;&#xFF0C;<br><br>&#x90A3;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x5C31;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5375;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x6838;&#x5FC3;&#x601D;&#x60F3;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;<code>&#x4E0D;&#x540C;schema&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x76F8;&#x4E92;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;slave&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x5BF9;relay log&#x4E2D;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;schema&#x5404;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;SQL&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x7684;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x6765;&#x91CD;&#x653E;relay log&#x4E2D;&#x4E3B;&#x5E93;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E0E;&#x4E3B;&#x5E93;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x3002;</code><br><br><h6 id="mysql57&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;">MySQL5.7&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;</h6><br>&#x5728;MySQL 5.7&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x4E86;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x7EC4;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#xFF08;Enhanced Multi-threaded Slaves&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x53C2;&#x6570;slave_parallel_workers&gt;0&#x5E76;&#x4E14;global.slave_parallel_type&#xFF1D;&#x2018;LOGICAL_CLOCK&#x2019;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;schema&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;slave_parallel_workers&#x4E2A;&#x7684;worker&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x6267;&#x884C;relay log&#x4E2D;&#x4E3B;&#x5E93;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x6838;&#x5FC3;&#x601D;&#x60F3;&#xFF1A;<code>&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EC4;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x56DE;&#x653E;&#xFF08;&#x914D;&#x5408;binary log group commit&#xFF09;&#xFF1B;
slave&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x7684;relay log&#x4E2D; last_committed&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#xFF08;sequence_num&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#xFF09;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5E76;&#x53D1;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;</code><br>&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;slave-parallel-type&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x503C;&#xFF1A;DATABASE &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1B;LOGICAL_CLOCK&#xFF1A;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x7EC4;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7684;&#x5E76;&#x884C;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;<br><br>&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x6765;&#x81EA;&#xFF1A;<br>1. <a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/langdashu/p/6125621.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.cnblogs.com/langdashu/p/6125621.html</a><br>2. <a href="http://www.ttlsa.com/mysql/mysql-5-7-enhanced-multi-thread-salve/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.ttlsa.com/mysql/mysql-5-7-enhanced-multi-thread-salve/</a><br><br><h5 id="mysql57-gtid">MySQL5.7 GTID</h5><br>GTID&#x7B80;&#x4ECB;GTID&#xFF08;&#x5168;&#x7403;&#x4EA4;&#x6613;&#x6807;&#x8BC6;&#x7B26;&#xFF09;&#x5728;MySQL5.6&#x65F6;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;GTID&#x662F;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x6807;&#x8BC6;.GTID&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;:<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">GTID = <span class="built_in">source</span>_id&#xFF1A;transaction_id</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># source_id&#xFF1A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x59CB;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;sever_uuid&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;GTID&#x5728;&#x5907;&#x5E93;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x65F6;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># transaction_id&#xFF1A;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7F16;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;binlog_order_commits = 1&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x7F16;&#x53F7;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4E8B;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x4E25;&#x683C;&#x9012;&#x589E;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br>GTID&#x662F;&#x5728;binlog flush&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;ID&#x7684;GTID&#x5728;binglog&#x4E2D;&#x662F;&#x4E25;&#x683C;&#x6709;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;<code>binlog_order_commits = 0</code>&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;GTID&#x5728;&#x4E8C;&#x8FDB;&#x5236;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x4E2D;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x4E0E;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7684;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x3002;<br>&#x652F;&#x6301;GTID&#x540E;&#xFF0C;<code>&#x5907;&#x5E93;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x65F6;&#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4F4D;&#x70B9;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x4ECE;&#x4E3B;&#x5E93;&#x6765;&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x4E8C;&#x8FDB;&#x5236;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x662F;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5907;&#x5E93;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x5DF2;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x548C;&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x7684;GTID&#x53BB;&#x4E3B;&#x5E93;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x672A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;GTID&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x6B64;GTID&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x4E8C;&#x8FDB;&#x5236;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x3002;</code><br>&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;<br>1. <a href="https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/68441" target="_blank" rel="external">https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/68441</a><br>2. <a href="https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/57731" target="_blank" rel="external">https://yq.aliyun.com/articles/57731</a><br><br><h4 id="mha">MHA</h4><br><h5 id="mha&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;">MHA&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;</h5><br>MHA&#xFF0C;&#x5373;<code>MasterHigh Availability Manager and Tools for MySQL</code>&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x65E5;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4F4D;MySQL&#x4E13;&#x5BB6;&#x91C7;&#x7528;Perl&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7F16;&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x4EC5;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;MySQLReplication&#xFF08;&#x4E8C;&#x5C42;&#xFF09;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#xFF0C;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x5728;&#x4E8E;&#x7EF4;&#x6301;Master&#x4E3B;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x7528;&#x6027;&#x3002;<br>MHA&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x7684;master&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x548C;Slave&#x63D0;&#x5347;&#x7684;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;.&#x5B83;&#x662F;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x7684;MySQL&#x590D;&#x5236;(&#x5F02;&#x6B65;/&#x534A;&#x540C;&#x6B65;)<br>MHA&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;:MHA Manager(&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x8282;&#x70B9;)&#x548C;MHA Node(&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8282;&#x70B9;)<br><br>1. MHA node&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x53F0;MySQL&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;(master/slave/manager),&#x5B83;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x5177;&#x5907;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x548C;&#x6E05;&#x7406;logs&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x7684;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x6765;&#x52A0;&#x5FEB;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x7684;<br>2. MHA Manager&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5355;&#x72EC;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x72EC;&#x7ACB;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;master-slave&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;,&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;slave&#x4E0A;.MHA Manager&#x63A2;&#x6D4B;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;node&#x8282;&#x70B9;,&#x5F53;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;master&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;,&#x5B83;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5C06;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7684;slave&#x63D0;&#x5347;&#x4E3A;&#x65B0;&#x7684;master,&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5C06;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x7684;slave&#x5BFC;&#x5411;&#x65B0;&#x7684;master&#x4E0A;.&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x662F;&#x900F;&#x660E;&#x7684;<br><br><h5 id="mha&#x7279;&#x70B9;">MHA&#x7279;&#x70B9;</h5>

<ul>
<li>10-30s&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;master failover&#xFF08;9-12s&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x5230;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#xFF0C;7-10s&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5173;&#x95ED;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x907F;&#x514D;SB&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x7528;&#x5F88;&#x77ED;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x5DEE;&#x5F02;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x9700;&#x5BF9;&#x73B0;&#x6709;M-S&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x505A;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x6539;&#x52A8;&#xFF08;&#x81F3;&#x5C11;3&#x53F0;&#xFF0C;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x540E;&#x4ECD;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;M-S&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x5728;&#x7EBF;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#xFF08;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;downtime&#x51E0;&#x4E4E;&#x5F88;&#x77ED;0.5-2s</li>
<li>&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x540E;&#x591A;&#x4ECE;&#x5E93;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x6027;</li>
<li>&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x7684;failover&#x53CA;&#x5FEB;&#x901F;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x65B9;&#x6848;&#xFF08;&#x4E00;&#x4E3B;&#x591A;&#x4ECE;&#xFF09;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x8BE6;&#x60C5;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li><a href="http://www.2cto.com/database/201504/389797.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.2cto.com/database/201504/389797.html</a></li>
<li><a href="http://dbaspace.blog.51cto.com/6873717/1872105" target="_blank" rel="external">http://dbaspace.blog.51cto.com/6873717/1872105</a></li>
<li><a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoyanger/p/5633459.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaoyanger/p/5633459.html</a></li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="maxscale-20">MaxScale 2.0</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x7B80;&#x4ECB;">&#x7B80;&#x4ECB;</h5><br>MaxScale&#x662F;maridb&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;MySQL&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E2D;&#x95F4;&#x4EF6;,&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x597D;MySQL&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8BFB;&#x5199;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#xFF0C;&#x628A;&#x8BFB;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5206;&#x6563;&#x5230;&#x4ECE;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5BF9;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;">&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7EC4;&#x6210;</h5><br>MaxScale&#x662F;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5F0F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#xFF0C;&#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x9002;&#x5408;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;MaxScale &#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7684;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;5&#x7C7B;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h6><br>&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;MaxScale &#x4F1A;&#x8BFB;&#x53D6;&#x5E76;&#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D; user &#x8868;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x6709;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x8FDB;&#x6765;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x4ECE;&#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x4E2D;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6B64;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x4ECE;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x6B21;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h6><br>&#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#xFF0C;&#x548C;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x534F;&#x8BAE;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h6><br>&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x628A;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x7ED9;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x8BFB;&#x5199;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#x548C;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x7684;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x7531;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x7684;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h6><br>&#x5BF9;&#x5404;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#xFF0C;&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#x5F88;&#x6162;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x5411;&#x5176;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4E86;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x548C;&#x8FC7;&#x6EE4;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x548C;&#x8FC7;&#x6EE4;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h6><br>&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x9632;&#x706B;&#x5899;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5BF9;SQL&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x6EE4;&#x548C;&#x5BB9;&#x9519;<p></p>
<p>&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x6765;&#x81EA;&#xFF1A; </p>
<ol>
<li><a href="http://dbaspace.blog.51cto.com/6873717/1871274" target="_blank" rel="external">http://dbaspace.blog.51cto.com/6873717/1871274</a></li>
<li><a href="https://mariadb.com/blog-tags/maxscale" target="_blank" rel="external">https://mariadb.com/blog-tags/maxscale</a></li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;">&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x56FE;">&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x56FE;</h5><br><img src="/uploads/MHA.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="mysql57&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;">MySQL5.7&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;</h5><br>&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7F51;&#x4E0A;&#x6559;&#x7A0B;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x4F5C;&#x8FC7;&#x591A;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x54C8;&#x54C8;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="mha&#x90E8;&#x7F72;">MHA&#x90E8;&#x7F72;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="ssh&#x514D;&#x5BC6;&#x767B;&#x5F55;">SSH&#x514D;&#x5BC6;&#x767B;&#x5F55;</h6><br>&#x6B64;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;MHA&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ssh-keygen -t dsa -P <span class="string">&apos;&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x6210;ssh&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;</span></div><div class="line">ssh-copy-id -i /root/.ssh/id_dsa.pub root@192.168.19.138</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5C06;ssh&#x516C;&#x94A5;&#x4F20;&#x7ED9;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;mha_node">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;MHA_node</h6><br>&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5730;&#x5740;: <a href="http://pan.baidu.com/s/1slCxzE9" target="_blank" rel="external">http://pan.baidu.com/s/1slCxzE9</a><br>&#x6B64;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x4F9D;&#x7136;&#x5728;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;MHA&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x627E;&#x5230;<code>mha4mysql-node-0.57.tar.gz</code>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5305;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum -y install perl-DBD-MySQL perl-ExtUtils-Embed perl-CPAN</div><div class="line">tar -zxf mha4mysql-node-0.57.tar.gz</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> mha4mysql-node-0.57</div><div class="line">perl Makefile.PL</div><div class="line">make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;mha_manager">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;MHA_manager</h6><br>&#x8FD9;&#x6B21;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x4E0A;&#x88C5;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x591A;&#x53F0;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x5E76;&#x5207;&#x6362;<br>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x627E;&#x5230;<code>mha4mysql-manager-0.57.tar.gz</code>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5305;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">tar -zxf mha4mysql-manager-0.57.tar.gz </div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> mha4mysql-manager-0.57</div><div class="line">perl Makefile.PL</div><div class="line">make &amp;&amp; make install</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;mha">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;MHA</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">mkdir /etc/masterha</div><div class="line">vim /etc/masterha/app1.cnf</div><div class="line">[server default]</div><div class="line">manager_workdir=/var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/masterha/app1</div><div class="line">manager_<span class="built_in">log</span>=/var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/masterha/app1/manager.log</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">user=manager</div><div class="line">password=Manager_1234</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">ssh_user=root</div><div class="line">repl_user=repl</div><div class="line">repl_password=Repl_1234</div><div class="line">ping_interval=1</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[server1]</div><div class="line">hostname=192.168.19.138</div><div class="line">candidate_master=1</div><div class="line">master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql/</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[server2]</div><div class="line">hostname=192.168.19.139</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#candidate_master=1</span></div><div class="line">master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql/</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[server3]</div><div class="line">hostname=192.168.19.140</div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#candidate_master=1</span></div><div class="line">master_binlog_dir=/var/lib/mysql/</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x8D34;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x8BE6;&#x60C5;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;<br><a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/gomysql/p/3675429.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.cnblogs.com/gomysql/p/3675429.html</a></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x542F;&#x52A8;mha">&#x542F;&#x52A8;MHA</h6><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">masterha_check_ssh --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf</div><div class="line">masterha_check_repl --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x6240;&#x6709;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x90FD;OK&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x542F;&#x52A8;MHA&#x4E86;</span></div><div class="line">nohup masterha_manager --conf=/etc/masterha/app1.cnf &gt;&gt; ./app.log &amp;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x628A;&#x4E3B;&#x8282;&#x70B9;down&#x6389;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x770B;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;MHA&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">Fri Aug 11 10:34:30 2017 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.</div><div class="line">Fri Aug 11 10:34:30 2017 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/masterha/app2.cnf..</div><div class="line">Fri Aug 11 10:34:30 2017 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/masterha/app2.cnf..</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  Creating /var/tmp <span class="keyword">if</span> not exists..    ok.</div><div class="line">  Checking output directory is accessible or not..</div><div class="line">   ok.</div><div class="line">  Binlog found at /var/lib/mysql/, up to mysql-bin.000003</div><div class="line">Fri Aug 11 10:34:53 2017 - [warning] Global configuration file /etc/masterha_default.cnf not found. Skipping.</div><div class="line">Fri Aug 11 10:34:53 2017 - [info] Reading application default configuration from /etc/masterha/app2.cnf..</div><div class="line">Fri Aug 11 10:34:53 2017 - [info] Reading server configuration from /etc/masterha/app2.cnf..</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x770B;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4E24;&#x53F0;&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x4ECE;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x4E3B;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x8F6C;&#x79FB;&#x3002;<br>&#x5F53;MHA&#x4E3B;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF0C;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x542F;&#x52A8;MHA&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="maxscale20&#x90E8;&#x7F72;">MaxScale2.0&#x90E8;&#x7F72;</h5><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5728;&#x5B98;&#x7F51; <a href="https://mariadb.com/products/technology/maxscale" target="_blank" rel="external">https://mariadb.com/products/technology/maxscale</a> &#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7248;RPM&#x5305;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br>&#x6216;&#x8005;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">curl <span class="_">-s</span>S https://downloads.mariadb.com/MariaDB/mariadb_repo_setup | sudo bash</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4EC5;&#x8D34;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div><div class="line">39</div><div class="line">40</div><div class="line">41</div><div class="line">42</div><div class="line">43</div><div class="line">44</div><div class="line">45</div><div class="line">46</div><div class="line">47</div><div class="line">48</div><div class="line">49</div><div class="line">50</div><div class="line">51</div><div class="line">52</div><div class="line">53</div><div class="line">54</div><div class="line">55</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">grep -v <span class="string">&apos;^#&apos;</span> /etc/maxscale.cnf</div><div class="line">[maxscale]</div><div class="line">threads=1</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[server1]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=server</div><div class="line">address=127.0.0.1</div><div class="line">port=3306</div><div class="line">protocol=MySQLBackend</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[MySQL Monitor]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=monitor</div><div class="line">module=mysqlmon</div><div class="line">servers=server1</div><div class="line">user=myuser</div><div class="line">passwd=mypwd</div><div class="line">monitor_interval=10000</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[Read-Only Service]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=service</div><div class="line">router=readconnroute</div><div class="line">servers=server1</div><div class="line">user=myuser</div><div class="line">passwd=mypwd</div><div class="line">router_options=slave</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[Read-Write Service]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=service</div><div class="line">router=readwritesplit</div><div class="line">servers=server1</div><div class="line">user=myuser</div><div class="line">passwd=mypwd</div><div class="line">max_slave_connections=100%</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[MaxAdmin Service]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=service</div><div class="line">router=cli</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[Read-Only Listener]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=listener</div><div class="line">service=Read-Only Service</div><div class="line">protocol=MySQLClient</div><div class="line">port=4008</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[Read-Write Listener]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=listener</div><div class="line">service=Read-Write Service</div><div class="line">protocol=MySQLClient</div><div class="line">port=4006</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[MaxAdmin Listener]</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">type</span>=listener</div><div class="line">service=MaxAdmin Service</div><div class="line">protocol=maxscaled</div><div class="line">socket=default</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x8BE6;&#x60C5;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li><a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/itfenqing/p/6140029.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.cnblogs.com/itfenqing/p/6140029.html</a></li>
<li><a href="http://blog.csdn.net/wjf870128/article/details/51218697" target="_blank" rel="external">http://blog.csdn.net/wjf870128/article/details/51218697</a></li>
</ol>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;据说MySQL5.7在性能和安全上有非常大的提升，这里调研一下MySQL5.7+MHA+MAXSCAL2.0的一主多从的高可用读写分离技术。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="集群" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4/"/>
    
    
      <category term="MySQL" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/MySQL/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>形象理解python中类相关概念(转)</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/59732/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/59732/</id>
    <published>2017-08-02T03:55:37.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-09-04T07:56:12.464Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><code>@staticmethod</code>&#x3001;<code>@classmethod</code>&#x3001;<code>@property</code>&#x8FD9;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5E26;@&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;Python&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x7CD6;&#x300D;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x5E38;&#x8BD1;&#x4F5C;&#x300C;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x7ECF;&#x9A8C;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x624B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x7ECF;&#x5E38;&#x96BE;&#x4EE5;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x3002;&#x518D;&#x6709;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;self&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x65B0;&#x624B;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x7559;&#x4E8E;&#x8868;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC6;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x8BEF;&#x4F1A;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a><br>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x672C;&#x6559;&#x7A0B;&#x9488;&#x5BF9;Python3&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8981;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x8FD9;&#x51E0;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5148;&#x8981;&#x5BF9;Python&#x7C7B;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC6;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5148;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x56DE;&#x987E;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x300C;&#x7C7B;&#x300D;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x539F;&#x6587;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#x2013;<a href="https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/22810357" target="_blank" rel="external">https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/22810357</a></p>
<h4 id="class-&#x7C7B;">class &#x7C7B;</h4>

<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x5230;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x6709;&#x9762;&#x5411;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x548C;&#x9762;&#x5411;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E4B;&#x5206;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9762;&#x5411;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x300C;&#x9AD8;&#x7EA7;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x9AD8;&#x7EA7;&#xFF1F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x66F4;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#xFF0C;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x66F4;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x4EE3;&#x4EF7;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x90A3;&#x662F;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6709;&#x673A;&#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x8BF4;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x300C;&#x5728;Python&#x4E2D;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x7686;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x53E5;&#x8BDD;&#x4F30;&#x8BA1;&#x4F60;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5934;&#x4E00;&#x56DE;&#x542C;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x3002;Python&#x4E2D;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x6700;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x5316;&#x8EAB;&#x4FBF;&#x662F;class&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x79F0;&#x4E4B;&#x4E3A;&#x300C;&#x7C7B;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;Python&#x9020;&#x300C;&#x4E00;&#x6279;&#x300D;Girlfriend(&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;)&#x5427;&#x3002;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF1A;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x5F3A;&#x8C03;&#x4E86;&#x300C;&#x4E00;&#x6279;&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8BCD;&#x3002;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend()</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend()</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x505A;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x51E0;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li><p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;Girlfriend&#x7C7B;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x4E00;&#x4F1A;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x5F53;&#x76F8;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF1B;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x6211;&#x4F4E;&#x4FD7;&#x7684;&#x54C1;&#x5473;&#xFF0C;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x8981;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF1A;&#x5E74;&#x7EAA;&#x8981;22&#x5C81;&#xFF0C;&#x7F69;&#x676F;&#x8981;C&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8C28;&#x9632;&#x610F;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6E05;&#x695A;&#x662F;&#x5973;&#xFF0C;&#x514D;&#x5F97;&#x9020;&#x51FA;&#x4EBA;&#x5996;&#xFF1B;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x627F;&#x53D7;&#x80FD;&#x529B;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5316;&#x4E86;lili&#x548C;mimi&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#xFF0C;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5C31;&#x591F;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E0A;&#x8FF0;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x56DE;&#x987E;&#x4E86;&#x7C7B;&#x4E0E;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF1A;&#x7C7B;&#x5C31;&#x597D;&#x6BD4;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x4EA7;&#x54C1;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x300D;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x300C;&#x6A21;&#x5B50;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x505A;&#x597D;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x597D;&#x5C06;&#x6765;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x7684;&#x4EA7;&#x54C1;&#x671F;&#x671B;&#x7684;&#x6837;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x7528;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5316;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4EA7;&#x54C1;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x968F;&#x65F6;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x300C;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B; . &#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lili.age  <span class="comment"># &#x4F1A;&#x5F97;&#x5230;22&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x503C;</span></div><div class="line">mimi.age  <span class="comment"># &#x4E5F;&#x662F;22</span></div><div class="line">lili.size  <span class="comment"># C&#x676F;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x663E;&#x7136;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x5E74;&#x7EAA;&#x3001;&#x7F69;&#x676F;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x5728;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF08;&#x7C7B;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5C31;&#x660E;&#x786E;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<h4 id="class&#x7684;init&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;self&#x53C2;&#x6570;">class&#x7684;init&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;self&#x53C2;&#x6570;</h4>

<p>&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x90FD;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x6CA1;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x81F3;&#x5C11;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x599E;&#x7684;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x6211;&#x80FD;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x5C31;&#x9020;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x3002;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;&#xFF1A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;&#x5934;&#x53D1;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x9020;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x540E;&#x5C31;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x8981;&#x60F3;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;&#xFF0C;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x5728;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x5C31;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x5370;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x4F9D;&#x7A00;&#x8FD8;&#x8BB0;&#x5F97;Python&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x5408;class&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;init&#x3002;</p>
<p>init&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x5F88;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5316;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x91CC;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6B63;&#x597D;&#x7B26;&#x5408;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x5728;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x5DE5;&#x827A;&#x73AF;&#x8282;&#x3002;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6539;&#x9020;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x548C;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x5DE5;&#x827A;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6765;&#x68C0;&#x9A8C;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lili.age  <span class="comment"># &#x4F1A;&#x5F97;&#x5230;22&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x503C;</span></div><div class="line">mimi.age  <span class="comment"># &#x4E5F;&#x662F;22</span></div><div class="line">lili.hair  <span class="comment"># &#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x662F;&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">mimi.hair  <span class="comment"># &#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x662F;&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x597D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x599E;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x4E0D;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x4E86;&#x3002; </p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7136;&#x77E5;&#x9053;init&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;&#x5728;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5316;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0D;&#x5FC5;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x7684;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;Python&#x53BB;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x8FD9;&#x884C;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;Python&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6084;&#x6084;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E86;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x7684;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x53BB;&#x5E72;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9488;&#x5BF9;&#x7684;&#x672F;&#x8BED;&#x53EB;&#x300C;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x300D;&#xFF1B;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x7684;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x53BB;&#x5E72;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4F1A;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x65E2;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x529E;&#x597D;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#x53EB;&#x300C;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x300D;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x518D;&#x770B;&#x89C1;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x8BCD;&#xFF0C;&#x8BF7;&#x5927;&#x5BB6;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x548C;&#x8BB0;&#x4F4F;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x663E;&#x7136;&#xFF0C;init&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x88AB;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EA;&#x5728;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;class&#x65F6;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x540E;&#x7EED;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4ED6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x4ED6;&#x786E;&#x5B9E;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x5E2E;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x505A;&#x597D;&#x4E86;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x524D;&#x6240;&#x8FF0;&#xFF0C;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x662F;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x300C;&#x65E2;&#x5B9A;&#x300D;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5219;&#x529E;&#x4E8B;&#xFF0C;&#x65E2;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E8B;&#x5148;&#x90FD;&#x5B9A;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x4E86;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x505A;&#xFF0C;&#x65E2;&#x7136;&#x5982;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x968F;&#x610F;&#x53D8;&#x66F4;&#x4E8B;&#x5148;&#x5B9A;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;init&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x5728;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x4E0A;&#x5F88;&#x7279;&#x522B;&#xFF0C;init&#x524D;&#x540E;&#x5404;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x6839;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x52A0;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#x4F60;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8BB0;&#x5F97;&#x5176;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x8BA9;&#x4F60;&#x968F;&#x4FBF;&#x6539;&#x52A8;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#xFF0C;init&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x6539;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x5C11;&#x6839;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6539;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;Python&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x628A;&#x6539;&#x52A8;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5F53;&#x6210;init&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53BB;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x518D;&#x6765;&#x770B;&#x770B;self&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x663E;&#x7136;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x540E;&#x7EED;&#x4F1A;&#x9020;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x66F4;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x5979;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x518D;&#x7528;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5E74;&#x7EAA;&#x3001;&#x6027;&#x522B;&#x3001;&#x7F69;&#x676F;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x529E;&#x6CD5;&#x53BB;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x53EA;&#x4F1A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x5343;&#x7BC7;&#x4E00;&#x5F8B;&#x3002;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x6B64;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7528;&#x4E86;init&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x5DE5;&#x827A;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5728;init&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x91CC;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;self&#x548C;hair&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x65F6;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;init&#x5DE5;&#x827A;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p>lili&#x548C;mimi&#x5E74;&#x7EAA;&#x3001;&#x6027;&#x522B;&#x3001;&#x7F69;&#x676F;&#x90FD;&#x4E00;&#x6837;</p>
<p>lili&#x7684;hair&#x662F;&#x2019;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&#x2019;</p>
<p>mimi&#x7684;hair&#x662F;&#x2019;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&#x2019;</p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x300C;lili&#x7684;hair&#x662F;&#x2019;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&#x2019;&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x53E5;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x672C;&#x8D28;&#x4E0A;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x300C;&#x8C01;&#x7684;&#x5934;&#x53D1;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#xFF1F;&#x300D;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x5C42;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#xFF1A;1&#xFF09;&#x8C01;&#x7684;&#x5934;&#x53D1;&#xFF1F;2&#xFF09;&#x5934;&#x53D1;&#x7684;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1F;&#xFF0C;&#x4E24;&#x5C42;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x7EC4;&#x5408;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x8D77;&#x624D;&#x662F;&#x6709;&#x610F;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#xFF0C;&#x7F3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5957;&#x4E0A;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x6765;&#x770B;&#xFF0C;&#x663E;&#x7136;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x521A;&#x597D;&#x4E5F;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x53C2;&#x6570;hair&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x300C;&#x5934;&#x53D1;&#x7684;&#x53D1;&#x578B;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1F;&#x300D;&#x518D;&#x663E;&#x7136;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5269;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;self&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x300C;&#x8C01;&#x7684;&#xFF1F;&#x300D;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x300C;&#x8C01;&#x7684;&#x300D;&#x5728;&#x82F1;&#x6587;&#x91CC;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x300C;whose&#x300D;&#x5417;&#xFF1F;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x884C;&#x4E0D;&#x884C;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(whose, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		whose.hair = hair</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5373;self&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x66F4;&#x540D;&#x4E3A;whose&#xFF0C;&#x884C;&#x4E0D;&#x884C;&#xFF1F;&#x884C;&#xFF01;</p>
<p>&#x4E3E;&#x4E0A;&#x8FF0;&#x7684;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x8981;&#x660E;&#x786E;&#x7684;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x4F60;self&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x540D;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;Python&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x66F4;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#x9650;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x800C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x5168;&#x4E16;&#x754C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5458;&#x7684;&#x4E60;&#x60EF;&#xFF0C;&#x7EA6;&#x5B9A;&#x4FD7;&#x6210;&#x603B;&#x662F;&#x7528;self&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x82F1;&#x6587;&#x5355;&#x8BCD;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4F60;&#x5728;Python&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#x7ECF;&#x5E38;&#x770B;&#x89C1;&#x4ED6;&#x3002;&#x800C;&#x5728;Python&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x300C;&#x8C01;&#x7684;&#xFF1F;&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x3002;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x9020;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#xFF0C;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x662F;&#x300C;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;&#x65E2;&#x7136;self&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;self&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x7EFC;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x5F62;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x4F60;&#x4EE5;&#x524D;&#x4E5F;&#x8BB8;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x6216;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x7684;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li><p>self&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x5F62;&#x6210;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#xFF08;&#x8FD9;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;Python&#x91CC;&#x300C;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x300D;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x8981;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x521D;&#x6B65;&#x7684;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC6;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x8FD9;&#x53E5;&#x8BDD;&#x770B;&#x4E0D;&#x61C2;&#x3002;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x4F1A;&#x8BB2;&#x5230;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>self&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x4E8E;&#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x4F60;&#x3001;&#x6211;&#x3001;&#x4ED6;&#x3001;&#x5979;&#x3001;&#x5B83;&#x300D;&#x7684;&#x6982;&#x5FF5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x4E2D;&#x300C;&#x4F60;&#x3001;&#x6211;&#x3001;&#x4ED6;&#x3001;&#x5979;&#x3001;&#x5B83;&#x300D;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x4E86;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x7684;&#x4EBA;&#x6216;&#x7269;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;Python&#x4E2D;self&#x5219;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x4E86;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x300C;lili = Girlfriend(&#x2018;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&#x2019;)&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x6BB5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7B49;&#x4E8E;&#x53F7;&#x5DE6;&#x8FB9;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x7684;&#x4E1C;&#x897F;&#x3002;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x91CC;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6362;&#x79CD;&#x8BF4;&#x6CD5;&#xFF1A;&#x300C;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x300D;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p>&#x65E2;&#x7136;self&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x4E86;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;self&#x4E5F;&#x5C06;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5BF9;class&#x7684;init&#x548C;self&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x542B;&#x4E49;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x6B65;&#x7684;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC6;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="staticmethod">@staticmethod</h4><p></p>
<p>&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x63A5;&#x7740;&#x518D;&#x5BF9;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x505A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5FAE;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">about_me</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;{0}&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;{1}&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;{2}&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;{3}&apos;</span>.format(self.age, self.sex, self.size, self.hair))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x5FAE;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x4E3A;&#x300C;about_me&#xFF08;&#xFF09;&#x300D;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x987E;&#x540D;&#x601D;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E24;&#x4F4D;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#x80FD;&#x6765;&#x4E00;&#x5C0F;&#x6BB5;&#x81EA;&#x6211;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C1D;&#x8BD5;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lili.about_me()  <span class="comment"># &#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF1A;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;22&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;&#x5973;&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;C&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;</span></div><div class="line">mimi.about_me()  <span class="comment"># &#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF1A;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;22&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;&#x5973;&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;C&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x771F;&#x597D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x518D;&#x9010;&#x4E2A;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#x4F1A;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x81EA;&#x6211;&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x6211;&#x5979;&#x7684;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;format&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5728;Python3&#x4E2D;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#x5316;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#xFF0C;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;Python3&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x6559;&#x7A0B;&#x91CC;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x8C08;&#x53CA;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4E0D;&#x518D;&#x8D58;&#x8FF0;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x4F60;&#x7528;PyCharm&#x6216;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x667A;&#x80FD;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x8F91;&#x5668;&#x5199;about_me&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8F91;&#x5668;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5F80;&#x62EC;&#x53F7;&#x91CC;&#x5199;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;self&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x5341;&#x5206;&#x597D;&#x5947;&#x53BB;&#x6389;&#x4F1A;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x5C31;&#x53BB;&#x6389;&#x8BD5;&#x8BD5;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">about_me</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;{0}&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;{1}&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;{2}&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;{3}&apos;</span>.format(age, sex, size, hair))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x91CC;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;about_me&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E2D;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;self&#x53BB;&#x6389;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x800C;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5C45;&#x7136;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;lili.age&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x4E5F;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x7740;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8BD5;&#x8BD5;lili.about_me&#xFF08;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</div><div class="line">File <span class="string">&quot;&lt;input&gt;&quot;</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</div><div class="line">TypeError: about_me() takes <span class="number">0</span> positional arguments but <span class="number">1</span> was given</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x5F88;&#x597D;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x662F;about_me()&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E0D;&#x63A5;&#x53D7;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8BD5;&#x56FE;&#x8981;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5C31;&#x5947;&#x602A;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x521A;&#x624D;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;about_me() &#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x3002;&#x786E;&#x5B9E;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x786E;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5728;about_me() &#x7684;&#x62EC;&#x53F7;&#x91CC;&#x663E;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4F1A;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x5E72;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#x3002;&#x6CA1;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;&#x7B54;&#x6848;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5C06;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5728;&#x300C;&#x786C;&#x809B;&#x300D;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x663E;&#x7136;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x628A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x5165;&#x53E3;&#x300D;self&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7ED9;&#x53BB;&#x6389;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x6CA1;&#x4E86;&#x300C;&#x5165;&#x53E3;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x300C;&#x786C;&#x809B;&#x300D;&#x6298;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x57CB;&#x6028;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x518D;&#x6765;&#x770B;about_me&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x91CC;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;format&#x91CC;&#x4EA6;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4E86;age, sex, size, hair&#x8FD9;&#x56DB;&#x4E2A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;format&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x5728;about_me&#x91CC;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x539F;&#x5219;&#xFF0C;&#x663E;&#x7136;&#x8FD9;&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x91CC;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x8981;&#x9760;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x53BB;&#x4E00;&#x4E00;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4FBF;&#x662F;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x4E49;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x539F;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x5BF9;about_me&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x63A5;&#x5E94;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8981;&#x300C;&#x786C;&#x809B;&#x300D;&#x7684;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x3002;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x8BB2;self&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7EA6;&#x5B9A;&#x4FD7;&#x79F0;&#x7528;self&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5355;&#x8BCD;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E5F;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x3002;&#x90A3;&#x53C8;&#x5192;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF1A;&#x65E2;&#x7136;format&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#x56DB;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EA;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#xFF1F;&#x7B54;&#x6848;&#x4E5F;&#x8BB8;&#x4F60;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x6CA1;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;self&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x8BF4;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#x7684;&#x5E74;&#x9F84;&#xFF0C;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x522B;&#xFF0C;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#x7684;&#x5934;&#x53D1;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x77E5;&#x6653;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7528;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x719F;&#x6089;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;.&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x300D;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x7ED3;&#x5408;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x8C08;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x987A;&#x7406;&#x6210;&#x7AE0;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x300C;self.age&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5230;&#x6240;&#x9700;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x800C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;self&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002; </p>
<p>&#x5BF9;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x539F;&#x6837;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x518D;&#x52A0;&#x4EE5;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x300C;&#x505A;&#x4E00;&#x70B9;&#x5FAE;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x300D;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">about_me</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;{0}&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;{1}&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;{2}&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;{3}&apos;</span>.format(self.age, self.sex, self.size, self.hair))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">bio</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5168;&#x5FC3;&#x5168;&#x610F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E3B;&#x4EBA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;!&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x8282;&#x7701;&#x4E00;&#x70B9;&#x7BC7;&#x5E45;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x300C;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x300D;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53C8;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x4E3A;bio&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x987E;&#x540D;&#x601D;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BA9;&#x9020;&#x51FA;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x7F8E;&#x5973;&#x53E3;&#x5934;&#x7985;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x3002;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x7ECF;&#x9A8C;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x731C;&#x5230;bio&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x80AF;&#x5B9A;&#x4F1A;&#x51FA;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8FD8;&#x4F1A;&#x6CA1;&#x8282;&#x64CD;&#x7684;&#x300C;&#x786C;&#x809B;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x80AF;&#x5B9A;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x3002;&#x4F46;bio&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6253;&#x5370;&#x4E00;&#x53E5;&#x53E3;&#x5934;&#x7985;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#xFF0C;&#x603B;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x8131;&#x4E86;&#x88E4;&#x5B50;&#x653E;&#x5C41;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x80FD;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#x4E5F;&#x5F00;&#x4E2A;&#x5165;&#x53E3;&#xFF08;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF09;&#x5427;&#xFF1F; </p>
<p>&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#xFF0C;Python&#x65E9;&#x5DF2;&#x8D34;&#x5FC3;&#x7684;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E94;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x624B;&#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x8BF7;&#x51FA;&#x672C;&#x8282;&#x7684;&#x4E3B;&#x89D2;@staticmethod&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7A0D;&#x52A0;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">about_me</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;{0}&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;{1}&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;{2}&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;{3}&apos;</span>.format(self.age, self.sex, self.size, self.hair))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@staticmethod    </span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">bio</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5168;&#x5FC3;&#x5168;&#x610F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E3B;&#x4EBA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;!&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x771F;&#x662F;&#x5FAE;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;bio&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4E00;&#x884C;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;@staticmethod&#x3002;&#x5148;&#x522B;&#x7BA1;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;lili.bio()&#x770B;&#x770B;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lili.bio()  <span class="comment"># &#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF1A;&#x5168;&#x5FC3;&#x5168;&#x610F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E3B;&#x4EBA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;!</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#xFF01;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x518D;&#x62B1;&#x7740;&#x94BB;&#x7814;&#x7684;&#x5FC3;&#x6001;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;bio&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;self&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x518D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E00;&#x628A;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x3002;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</div><div class="line">File <span class="string">&quot;&lt;input&gt;&quot;</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</div><div class="line">TypeError: bio() missing <span class="number">1</span> required positional argument: <span class="string">&apos;self&apos;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x4E5F;&#x5F88;&#x597D;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x56DE;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x57CB;&#x6028;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x300C;&#x6211;&#x4E0D;&#x60F3;&#x809B;&#x4E86;&#x4F60;&#x975E;&#x8981;&#x5F04;&#x4E2A;&#x5165;&#x53E3;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x809B;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6240;&#x4EE5;@staticmethod&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x548C;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x4E5F;&#x663E;&#x800C;&#x6613;&#x89C1;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x5BF9;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5E94;&#x7528;@staticmethod&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x5728;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x518D;&#x8BD5;&#x56FE;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x5F88;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x8054;&#x60F3;&#x5230;@staticmethod&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x7528;&#x5728;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;&#x90A3;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x5462;&#xFF1F;&#x6700;&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x83AB;&#x8FC7;&#x4E8E;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#xFF1A;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x4E3E;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x901A;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x662F;&#x4F9B;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x7C7B;&#x91CC;&#x6709;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E00;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E8C;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E09;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E8C;&#x548C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E09;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x501F;&#x52A9;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E00;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E8C;&#x3001;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E09;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x91CC;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E00;&#xFF0C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E00;&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x53EA;&#x5728;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x65F6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E00;&#x4E0A;&#x5199;@staticmethod&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x731C;&#x5230;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E00;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x662F;&#x7B97;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#xFF08;&#x4EC5;&#x4F9B;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#xFF09;&#x7279;&#x6B8A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x5E0C;&#x671B;&#x88AB;&#x5916;&#x90E8;&#x968F;&#x610F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x540D;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x6839;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x8C08;&#x5230;@staticmethod&#x65F6;&#x4E3E;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x76F8;&#x5F53;&#x65E0;&#x804A;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x8BF4;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x4E00;&#x3001;&#x4E8C;&#x3001;&#x4E09;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x5176;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x662F;&#x5F88;&#x5C11;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;@staticmethod&#x7684;&#x51FA;&#x955C;&#x7387;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x800C;&#x8A00;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x5F88;&#x4F4E;&#xFF0C;&#x5F88;&#x5C11;&#x88AB;&#x7528;&#x5230;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="classmethod">@classmethod</h4><p></p>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7406;&#x89E3;@staticmethod&#x7684;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x548C;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x7406;&#x89E3;@classmethod&#x4E5F;&#x5C06;&#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x5F97;&#x591A;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x67D0;&#x79CD;&#x7A0B;&#x5EA6;&#x4E0A;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;@classmethod&#x548C;@staticmethod&#x6709;&#x5171;&#x901A;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x65B9;&#x3002;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x6539;&#x9020;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">	size = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">about_me</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;{0}&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;{1}&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;{2}&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;{3}&apos;</span>.format(self.age, self.sex, self.size, self.hair))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@staticmethod</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">bio</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5168;&#x5FC3;&#x5168;&#x610F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E3B;&#x4EBA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;!&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@classmethod</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">cls_name</span><span class="params">(cls)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x662F;{0}&apos;</span>.format(cls.__name__))</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6B21;&#x6211;&#x5C06;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;&#xFF0C;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x4E3A;cls_name&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x540E;&#x7EED;&#x6253;&#x7B97;&#x518D;&#x505A;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x5404;&#x79CD;friend&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF08;&#x7C7B;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x6211;&#x5F04;&#x6DF7;&#x4E86;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x5728;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BA9;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x51FA;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;class&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x3002;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)     </div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">lili.cls_name()  <span class="comment"># &#x663E;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x662F;Girlfriend</span></div><div class="line">Girlfriend.cls_name()  <span class="comment"># &#x663E;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x662F;Girlfriend</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4ECE;&#x521A;&#x624D;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x8FD9;&#x70B9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7A0D;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x8C08;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x56DE;&#x5230;&#x5F00;&#x5934;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x8BF4;&#x8D77;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5F53;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;Python&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x51E0;&#x4E4E;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x56FE;&#x4E66;&#x6559;&#x7A0B;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x77E5;&#x8BC6;&#x70B9;&#xFF1A;Python&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x662F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x66F4;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x7B80;&#x800C;&#x8A00;&#x4E4B;&#xFF0C;Python&#x4E3A;class&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x548C;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4F9B;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;<strong>name</strong>&#x548C;<strong>dict</strong>&#x7B49;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x8C08;&#x5230;&#x8FC7;&#x662F;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x524D;&#x540E;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x53CC;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E86;class&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;name&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;name&#x8BB0;&#x8F7D;&#x4E86;class&#x7684;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x7528;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x300C;class.<strong>name</strong>&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x83B7;&#x5F97;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5BF9;class&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF08;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF09;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;@staticmethod&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#xFF0C;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x786C;&#x585E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;@staticmethod&#x5219;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4E0D;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x4F20;&#x4E1C;&#x897F;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x662F;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x8DDF;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x65E0;&#x5173;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x60F3;&#x5230;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x8BA9;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x80FD;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF08;&#x7C7B;&#xFF09;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x3002;&#x5230;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x4E3A;&#x6B62;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5B66;&#x4F1A;&#x4E86;&#x8981;&#x4E48;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x4F20;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#xFF0C;&#x8981;&#x4E48;&#x5565;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F20;&#x7684;&#x624B;&#x6BB5;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x4F20;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF08;&#x7C7B;&#xFF09;&#x53EF;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x529E;&#xFF1F;Python&#x65E9;&#x5DF2;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x5E76;&#x51C6;&#x5907;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x4F9B;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x6CA1;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;@classmethod&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x53EF;&#x60F3;&#x800C;&#x77E5;&#xFF0C;@classmethod&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BA9;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x5728;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x88AB;@classmethod&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x9690;&#x5F0F;&#x7684;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF08;&#x7C7B;&#xFF09;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x3002;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;self&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x7EA6;&#x5B9A;&#x4FD7;&#x79F0;&#x548C;class&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;Python&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x5B57;&#x56E0;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x778E;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x300C;cls&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x82F1;&#x6587;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;Python&#x91CC;cls&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x7531;&#x6765;&#x3002;</p>
<p>@classmethod &#x7684;&#x51FA;&#x573A;&#x7387;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x6BD4;@staticmethod&#x7528;&#x9014;&#x66F4;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;@classmethod &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x5A92;&#x4ECB;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x66F4;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x7EB5;Python&#x4E3A;class&#x5185;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x548C;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#xFF0C;@classmethod &#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x8A00;&#x800C;&#x55BB;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="property">@property</h4><p></p>
<p>@property &#x662F;&#x672C;&#x6587;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x8981;&#x8C08;&#x53CA;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x6B3E;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x6539;&#x9020;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line">		self.bra = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">about_me</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;{0}&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;{1}&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;{2}&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;{3}&apos;</span>.format(self.age, self.sex, self.size, self.hair))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@staticmethod</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">bio</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5168;&#x5FC3;&#x5168;&#x610F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E3B;&#x4EBA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;!&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@classmethod</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">cls_name</span><span class="params">(cls)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x662F;{0}&apos;</span>.format(cls.__name__))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@property</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">size</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> self.bra</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x521A;&#x624D;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x505A;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x51E0;&#x4EF6;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF1A;&#x5148;&#x5C06;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;size&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540C;&#x540D;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5BF9;&#x5176;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E86;@property&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x4E86;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1F;</p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x8C08;&#x53CA;@classmethod&#x548C;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E3E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x5728;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51FA;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FD9;&#x4E48;&#x505A;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)     </div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">lili.size = <span class="string">&apos;D&apos;</span>  <span class="comment"># &#x589E;&#x5927;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;&#x7F69;&#x676F;</span></div><div class="line">lili.size  <span class="comment"># &#x663E;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;D</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5BF9;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF08;&#x80F8;&#xFF09;&#x4E0D;&#x6EE1;&#x610F;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x518D;&#x8C03;&#x6574;&#x3002;&#x521A;&#x624D;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5BF9;lili&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x300C;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;lili&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684;size&#x7531;C&#x5347;&#x5230;&#x4E86;D&#x3002;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x662F;&#x5F88;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#x89E3;&#x91CA;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7528;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E86;@property &#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x300C;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x300D;&#x5C31;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x300C;lili.size&#x300D;&#x5F97;&#x5230;C&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x518D;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x300C;lili.size = &#x2018;D&#x2019;&#x300D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x8BD5;&#x56FE;&#x300C;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x300D;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x5927;&#x610F;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x5199;&#x5165;size&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x539F;&#x59CB;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">Traceback (most recent call last):</div><div class="line">File <span class="string">&quot;&lt;input&gt;&quot;</span>, line <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="keyword">in</span> &lt;module&gt;</div><div class="line">AttributeError: can<span class="string">&apos;t set attribute</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x548C;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#x90FD;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x8981;&#x7406;&#x89E3;@property&#x8FD8;&#x5F97;&#x4ECE;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x8BF4;&#x8D77;&#x3002;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x559C;&#x6B22;&#x7EAF;&#x5929;&#x7136;&#x7684;&#x59B9;&#x7EB8;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6211;&#x5BF9;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x6539;&#x8FDB;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x5F97;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51FA;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x968F;&#x610F;&#x518D;&#x53BB;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;size&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x662F;C&#x3002;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x6210;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BA9;&#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;size&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BFB;&#x65E7;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;size&#x4ECD;&#x65E7;&#x8981;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Python&#x4E5F;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;@property &#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x6765;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x9700;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x4E8E;&#x662F;&#x4E4E;&#x5C31;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x672C;&#x8282;&#x6700;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x7684;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x3002;&#x9996;&#x5148;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x5230;size&#x7531;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;Python&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x77E5;&#x8BC6;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;Python&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7684;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x300C;size()&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF08;&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#xFF09;&#x540D;&#x79F0;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x52A0;&#x62EC;&#x53F7;&#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5C31;&#x5728;&#x521A;&#x624D;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5BF9;&#x65B0;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x4ECD;&#x65E7;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x300C;lili.size&#x300D;&#x5E76;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x53CD;&#x800C;&#x300C;lili.size()&#x300D;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF08;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x4E8E;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x4E86;@property&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;</p>
<p>@property &#x4F1A;&#x5C06;&#x88AB;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6A21;&#x62DF;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7C7B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;</p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x662F;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x7C7B;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x8FD8;&#x884C;&#x4E0D;&#x66F4;&#x540D;&#x5750;&#x4E0D;&#x6539;&#x59D3;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x53C8;&#x5C06;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6A21;&#x62DF;&#x6210;&#x7C7B;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x611F;&#x89C9;&#x8FD9;&#x771F;&#x662F;&#x7ED5;&#x4E86;&#x597D;&#x5927;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5708;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x56DE;&#x5230;&#x539F;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x65E2;&#x7136;&#x662F;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x91CC;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x4E3E;&#x4E00;&#x53CD;&#x4E09;&#x4E4B;&#x4E0B;&#x7D27;&#x63A5;&#x7740;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7591;&#x95EE;&#xFF1A;&#x4E0D;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;@property &#x628A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x6210;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x80FD;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x539F;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF1B;&#x90A3;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF0C;@property &#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x4E5F;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x4E0D;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x5462;&#xFF1F;</p>
<p>&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x77E5;&#x8BC6;&#x544A;&#x8BC9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x8D77;&#x7801;&#x80FD;&#x505A;&#x589E;&#x3001;&#x5220;&#x3001;&#x6539;&#x3001;&#x67E5;&#x8FD9;&#x51E0;&#x4EF6;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x300C;lili.size&#x300D;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;size&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x8BD5;&#x56FE;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5219;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x770B;&#x8D77;&#x6765;@property &#x5C06;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x8BE5;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x51E0;&#x6837;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x771F;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x5417;&#xFF1F;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x518D;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x6539;&#x9020;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x6539;&#x9020;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7C7B;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">Girlfriend</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	age = <span class="number">22</span></div><div class="line">	sex = <span class="string">&apos;&#x5973;&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">__init__</span><span class="params">(self, hair)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.hair = hair</div><div class="line">		self.bra = <span class="string">&apos;C&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">about_me</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5E74;&#x82B3;{0}&#xFF0C;&#x6027;&#x522B;{1}&#xFF0C;&#x8EAB;&#x6750;{2}&#x68D2;&#x68D2;&#x54D2;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5934;{3}&apos;</span>.format(self.age, self.sex, self.size, self.hair))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@staticmethod</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">bio</span><span class="params">()</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5168;&#x5FC3;&#x5168;&#x610F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E3B;&#x4EBA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;!&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@classmethod</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">cls_name</span><span class="params">(cls)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x6A21;&#x5177;&#x662F;{0}&apos;</span>.format(cls.__name__))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@property</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">size</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		<span class="keyword">return</span> self.bra</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	@size.setter</span></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">size</span><span class="params">(self, size)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		self.bra = size</div><div class="line">		print(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x624B;&#x672F;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF01;&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x6539;&#x9020;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x4E3A;size()&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5BF9;&#x4E4B;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x300C;@size.setter&#x300D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x3002;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5F88;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x7684;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;size()&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5E72;&#x4E86;&#x4E9B;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1A;&#x5148;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5C06;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x8D4B;&#x7ED9;bra&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6BEB;&#x65E0;&#x7591;&#x95EE;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x987A;&#x5229;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;print&#x6253;&#x5370;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;Python&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x4E0B;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x91CD;&#x540D;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540C;&#x540D;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x6389;&#x5148;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x4E2A;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6709;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;size()&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x6709;&#x4E9B;&#x7591;&#x60D1;&#xFF0C;@size.setter &#x53C8;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x5462;&#xFF1F;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x5148;&#x8BD5;&#x8BD5;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;</span></div><div class="line">lili = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x4E4C;&#x9ED1;&#x957F;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">mimi = Girlfriend(<span class="string">&apos;&#x91D1;&#x9EC4;&#x77ED;&#x53D1;&apos;</span>)     </div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">lili.size  <span class="comment"># &#x663E;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;C</span></div><div class="line">lili.size = <span class="string">&apos;D&apos;</span>  <span class="comment"># &#x589E;&#x5927;&#x5973;&#x670B;&#x53CB;&#x7684;&#x7F69;&#x676F;&#xFF0C;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x624B;&#x672F;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#xFF01;</span></div><div class="line">lili.size  <span class="comment"># &#x663E;&#x793A;&#xFF1A;D</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x770B;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x624B;&#x672F;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x987A;&#x5229;&#x5B9E;&#x65BD;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0E;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x518D;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#x3002;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8054;&#x60F3;&#x5230;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x4E00;&#x5C0F;&#x6BB5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x539F;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;Python&#x4E0D;&#x4EC5;&#x5149;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;@property &#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x5668;&#x4F9B;&#x4F60;&#x5C06;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x914D;&#x5957;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF08;setter&#x3001;getter&#x3001;deleter)&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x6B63;&#x597D;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x589E;&#x3001;&#x5220;&#x3001;&#x6539;&#x3001;&#x67E5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x8BA9;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53BB;&#x66F4;&#x52A0;&#x5B8C;&#x7F8E;&#x7684;&#x6A21;&#x62DF;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x4F60;&#x7528;@property&#x53BB;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x540D;&#x4E3A;A&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x518D;&#x7528;@A.setter&#x53BB;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x53E6;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540C;&#x540D;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;&#x987E;&#x540D;&#x601D;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;setter&#x6709;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x542B;&#x4E49;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;@A.setter&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;A&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x884C;&#x4E3A;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x8FF0;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C31;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x4E86;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;size&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x65F6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6253;&#x5370;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x793A;&#x300C;&#x4E30;&#x80F8;&#x624B;&#x672F;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x300D;&#x3002;&#x5176;&#x4F59;&#x7684;&#x51E0;&#x4E2A;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x591A;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x5B57;&#x9762;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#xFF0C;@property &#x548C;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x672C;&#x8D28;&#x4E0A;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x9488;&#x5BF9;@property&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x505A;&#x66F4;&#x591A;&#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x50CF;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x6837;&#x91CD;&#x540D;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x624D;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5927;&#x81F4;&#x4E5F;&#x7406;&#x89E3;&#x4E86;@property&#x80FD;&#x5E72;&#x7684;&#x4E8B;&#x60C5;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4F5C;&#x7528;&#x548C;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x4E5F;&#x5F88;&#x660E;&#x663E;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x8BA9;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5728;&#x672C;&#x6587;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x770B;&#x4E00;&#x6BB5;&#x6765;&#x81EA;&#x300A;Flask Web&#x5F00;&#x53D1;:&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;Python&#x7684;Web&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x5B9E;&#x6218;&#x300B;P78&#xFF0C;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;8-1&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="class"><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="title">User</span><span class="params">(db.Model)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">	 password_hash = db.Column(db.String(<span class="number">128</span>))</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	 @property</span></div><div class="line">	 <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">password</span><span class="params">(self)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		 <span class="keyword">raise</span> AttributeError(<span class="string">&apos;password is not a readable attribute&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="meta">	 @password.setter</span></div><div class="line">	 <span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">password</span><span class="params">(self, password)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		 self.password_hash = generate_password_hash(password)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	<span class="function"><span class="keyword">def</span> <span class="title">verify_password</span><span class="params">(self, password)</span>:</span></div><div class="line">		 <span class="keyword">return</span> check_password_hash(self.password_hash, password)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x6BB5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F5C;&#x8005;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;@property&#x628A;&#x539F;&#x672C;&#x662F;User&#x7684;password&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53D8;&#x6210;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x3002;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;password&#x662F;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5230;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4E8E;&#x662F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x6B63;&#x597D;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7531;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;setter&#x53BB;&#x5E72;&#xFF0C;&#x4E8E;&#x662F;&#x4E4E;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x5230;@password.setter&#x53C8;&#x88C5;&#x9970;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;password&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x770B;&#x51FA;&#x662F;&#x8C03;&#x7528;generate_password_hash()&#x628A;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E86;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5C06;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x4F20;&#x7ED9;&#x4E86;password_hash&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x5B57;&#x6BB5;&#x3002;</p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;@staticmethod&lt;/code&gt;、&lt;code&gt;@classmethod&lt;/code&gt;、&lt;code&gt;@property&lt;/code&gt;这几个带@符号的语法是Python里的「语法糖」。这些语法中文常译作「装饰器」，对于没有任何编程经验的新手，这些都是经常难以理解的地方。再有就是类的self参数，新手通常留于表面的认识造成一些误会。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="python学习" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/python%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/"/>
    
    
      <category term="python" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/python/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>使用lsof恢复误删日志或数据库文件</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/14205/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/14205/</id>
    <published>2017-07-25T05:32:45.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-25T06:06:05.362Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x6B64;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x53EA;&#x5BF9;<code>&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6240;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</code>&#x88AB;&#x8BEF;&#x5220;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7684;&#x90A3;&#x79CD;&#x5E38;&#x89C4;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x8FD8;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;<a href="https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/49799/">https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/49799/</a> &#xFF08;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4E0D;&#x89C1;&#x5F97;&#x5F88;&#x6709;&#x6548;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8FD8;&#x8BF7;&#x4E13;&#x4E1A;&#x4EBA;&#x58EB;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#xFF09;<br> <a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x539F;&#x7406;">&#x539F;&#x7406;</h4><br>&#x5F53;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x4E86;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x8BE5;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x8BE5;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4F9D;&#x7136;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E8E;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x610F;&#x5473;&#x7740;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x88AB;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5411;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x8BE5;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x65F6;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x7ED9;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8BFB;&#x53D6;&#x548C;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x3002;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x8BE5;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x5176;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p>&#x5728;Linux&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;/proc &#x5206;&#x533A;&#x4E0B;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x7740;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x548C;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x5305;&#x542B;fd(&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;)&#x548C;&#x5176;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x5B50;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;(&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;)&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; inode&#x7684;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;/proc/&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x53F7;/fd/&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;&#x3002;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;pid&#x548C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;fd&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x5229;&#x7528;lsof&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;lsof&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x662F;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x88AB;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x7406;&#x8BBA;&#x4E0A;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x90FD;&#x80FD;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;">&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x7EC6;&#x8282;</h4><br>1.&#x9996;&#x5148;&#x968F;&#x4FBF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;tomcat&#x4E3A;&#x4F8B;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">rm -rf catalina.out</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>2.&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x76F8;&#x5173;pid&#x548C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lsof | grep catalina.out</div><div class="line">&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x540D;     PID          &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D;   &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;</div><div class="line">java      16247          root    1w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247          root    2w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247  6430    root    1w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247  6430    root    2w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16248    root    1w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16248    root    2w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16249    root    1w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16249    root    2w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16250    root    1w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16250    root    2w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16251    root    1w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16251    root    2w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div><div class="line">java      16247 16252    root    1w      REG             253,17   3677364   16384009 /data/tomcat_client/logs/catalina.out (deleted)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>3.&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x88AB;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ls /proc/16247/fd/1</div><div class="line">/proc/16247/fd/1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>4.&#x627E;&#x56DE;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">cat /proc/16247/fd/1 &gt; catalina.out</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x8BEF;&#x5220;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x614C;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x505A;&#x51FA;&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x624D;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x635F;&#x5931;&#x964D;&#x5230;&#x6700;&#x4F4E;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x76F4;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x7684;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x3002;</p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;此方法只对&lt;code&gt;正在运行中的进程所对应的文件&lt;/code&gt;被误删有效，其他的那种常规删除还请参考我的数据恢复文章&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/49799/&quot;&gt;https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/49799/&lt;/a&gt; （可能不见得很有效，重要数据还请专业人士恢复）&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="故障记录" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/"/>
    
    
      <category term="故障" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>Redis的RBD和AOF持久化对比</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/14105/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/14105/</id>
    <published>2017-07-24T06:54:03.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-24T09:18:29.181Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p><code>AOF</code>&#x3001;<code>RDB</code>&#x662F;&#x4E24;&#x79CD; Redis&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#x3002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;crash&#x540E;&#xFF0C;redis&#x7684;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x3002;<br> <a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x7279;&#x6027;">&#x7279;&#x6027;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="rdb&#x7279;&#x6027;">RDB&#x7279;&#x6027;</h5><br>fork&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x904D;&#x5386;hash table&#xFF0C;&#x5229;&#x7528;copy on write&#xFF0C;&#x628A;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;db dump&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x3002;<br>save, shutdown, slave &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4F1A;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;<br><code>&#x7C92;&#x5EA6;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;save, shutdown, slave &#x4E4B;&#x524D;crash&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x4E2D;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6CA1;&#x529E;&#x6CD5;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x3002;</code><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="aof&#x7279;&#x6027;">AOF&#x7279;&#x6027;</h5><br>&#x628A;&#x5199;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x6301;&#x7EED;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x5230;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x91CC;&#x3002;<br><code>&#x7C92;&#x5EA6;&#x8F83;&#x5C0F;&#xFF0C;crash&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x6709;crash&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6765;&#x5F97;&#x53CA;&#x505A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x6CA1;&#x529E;&#x6CD5;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x3002;</code><p></p>
<p>&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x7684;&#x533A;&#x522B;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ul>
<li>&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x6301;&#x7EED;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x5199;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;crash&#x540E;&#x5229;&#x7528;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#xFF1B;</li>
<li>&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x5E73;&#x65F6;&#x5199;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4E0D;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5199;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;save&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x95ED;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x624D;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p>&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x7684;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x770B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x662F;&#x613F;&#x610F;&#x727A;&#x7272;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x6362;&#x53D6;&#x66F4;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x6027;&#xFF08;aof&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x613F;&#x610F;&#x5199;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x9891;&#x7E41;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x542F;&#x7528;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x6765;&#x6362;&#x53D6;&#x66F4;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x5F85;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;save&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x505A;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#xFF08;rdb&#xFF09;&#x3002;rdb&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5C31;&#x66F4;&#x6709;&#x4E9B; eventually consistent&#x7684;&#x610F;&#x601D;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;">&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;</h4><br>&#x8F6C;&#x8F7D;: <a href="http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4458fdda010150bh.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_4458fdda010150bh.html</a><p></p>
<p>&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x662F;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;&#xFF0C;&#x6211;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x5217;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E86;&#x3002;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x662F;debian testing&#xFF0C;kernel 3.2 686&#x3002;redis 2.4.8&#x3002;<br>&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x7528;python&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x5BF9;redis&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#xFF0C;&#x770B;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x3002;<br>100000/300000/1000000&#x662F;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x90FD;&#x662F;string&#x3002;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x3002;<br>100000:<br>dbmode: 4.8, 5.1, 1477792<br>aofmode: 9.1, 9.3, 3677803<br>300000:<br>dbmode: 16.5, 17.6, 4877792<br>aofmode: 21.1, 21.4, 11477803<br>1000000:<br>dbmode: 61, 65, 16777792<br>aofmode: 77, 85, 38777849<br>&#x4ECE;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x6765;&#x770B;&#xFF0C;aof&#x6BD4;rdb&#x6162;25-80%&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5927;&#x89C4;&#x6A21;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x90FD;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x6162;25%&#x8FD9;&#x7AEF;&#x3002;&#x4F30;&#x8BA1;&#x5728;&#x4F4E;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x91CF;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;rdb&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x66F4;&#x52A0;&#x5360;&#x4F18;&#x52BF;&#x3002;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x89C4;&#x6A21;&#x589E;&#x957F;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x901F;&#x7387;&#x6BD4;&#x63A5;&#x8FD1;&#x4E8E;4:5&#x3002;aof&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6BD4;rdb&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5927;150%&#xFF08;2.5&#x500D;&#x4E0A;&#x4E0B;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x70B9;&#x968F;&#x7740;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x589E;&#x957F;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x4E0D;&#x53D8;&#x3002;<br>&#x4ECE;&#x8BFB;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x6765;&#x770B;&#xFF0C;&#x4E24;&#x8005;&#x5DEE;&#x5F02;&#x4E0D;&#x5927;&#x3002;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x662F;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x548C;&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x3002;<br>dbmode: 55, 60<br>aofmode: 62, 63<br>&#x5DEE;&#x5F02;&#x5728;10%&#x4EE5;&#x5185;&#xFF0C;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x6BD4;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;-&#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x5DEE;&#x5F02;&#x8FD8;&#x5F31;&#x3002;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x89C6;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;">&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="rdb&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;">RDB&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;</h5><br>RDB &#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x95F4;&#x9694;&#x5185;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x70B9;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="rdb&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;">RDB&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;</h6><p></p>
<ul>
<li>redis&#x8C03;&#x7528;fork,&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6709;&#x4E86;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x548C;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5904;&#x7406;client&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x8D1F;&#x8D23;&#x5C06;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x4E34;&#x65F6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;os&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x65F6;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#xFF08;copy on write)&#x7236;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x4F1A;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x7269;&#x7406;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5199;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x65F6;os&#x4F1A;&#x4E3A;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x8981;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x7684;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x526F;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5199;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x7684;&#x9875;&#x9762;&#x3002;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x5185;&#x7684;&#x6570; &#x636E;&#x662F;fork&#x65F6;&#x523B;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5F53;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5C06;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x4E34;&#x65F6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E34;&#x65F6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h6 id="rdb-&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x70B9;">RDB &#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x70B9;</h6><br><code>RDB &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x7D27;&#x51D1;&#xFF08;compact&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x4E86; Redis &#x5728;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x3002;</code> &#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x9002;&#x5408;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#xFF1A; &#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x6700;&#x8FD1;&#x7684; 24 &#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#x5185;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x4E00;&#x6B21; RDB &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5728;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x6708;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x5929;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; RDB &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002; &#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x9047;&#x4E0A;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x968F;&#x65F6;&#x5C06;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x8FD8;&#x539F;&#x5230;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x3002;RDB &#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x707E;&#x96BE;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#xFF08;disaster recovery&#xFF09;&#xFF1A;&#x5B83;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x90FD;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x7D27;&#x51D1;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#xFF08;&#x5728;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x540E;&#xFF09;&#x5C06;&#x5B83;&#x4F20;&#x9001;&#x5230;&#x522B;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x4E9A;&#x9A6C;&#x900A; S3 &#x4E2D;&#x3002;RDB &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x5316; Redis &#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#xFF1A;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5728;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58; RDB &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x65F6;&#x552F;&#x4E00;&#x8981;&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x662F; fork &#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x65E0;&#x987B;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x78C1;&#x76D8; I/O &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;RDB &#x5728;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x5927;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x6BD4; AOF &#x7684;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x8981;&#x5FEB;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="rdb-&#x7684;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;">RDB &#x7684;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;</h6><br>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C3D;&#x91CF;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x5728;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x65F6;&#x4E22;&#x5931;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48; RDB &#x4E0D;&#x9002;&#x5408;&#x4F60;&#x3002; &#x867D;&#x7136; Redis &#x5141;&#x8BB8;&#x4F60;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x70B9;&#xFF08;save point&#xFF09;&#x6765;&#x63A7;&#x5236;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58; RDB &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x9891;&#x7387;&#xFF0C; &#x4F46;&#x662F;&#xFF0C; <code>&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;RDB &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#xFF0C; &#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5B83;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8F7B;&#x677E;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;</code> &#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x81F3;&#x5C11; 5 &#x5206;&#x949F;&#x624D;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x4E00;&#x6B21; RDB &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002; &#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C; &#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x505C;&#x673A;&#xFF0C; &#x4F60;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x4E22;&#x5931;&#x597D;&#x51E0;&#x5206;&#x949F;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x3002;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58; RDB &#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;Redis &#x90FD;&#x8981; fork() &#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x7531;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6765;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x7684;&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002; &#x5728;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x5E9E;&#x5927;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C; fork() &#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x8017;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x5728;&#x67D0;&#x67D0;&#x6BEB;&#x79D2;&#x5185;&#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#xFF1B; <code>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x5DE8;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14; CPU &#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x7D27;&#x5F20;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x957F;&#x8FBE;&#x6574;&#x6574;&#x4E00;&#x79D2;&#x3002; &#x867D;&#x7136; AOF &#x91CD;&#x5199;&#x4E5F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8FDB;&#x884C; fork() &#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x65E0;&#x8BBA; AOF &#x91CD;&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x95F4;&#x9694;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x957F;&#xFF0C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7684;&#x8010;&#x4E45;&#x6027;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x635F;&#x5931;&#x3002;</code><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="rdb-&#x5FEB;&#x7167;">RDB &#x5FEB;&#x7167;</h6><br>&#x5728;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C; Redis &#x5C06;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x4E3A; dump.rdb &#x7684;&#x4E8C;&#x8FDB;&#x5236;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5BF9; Redis &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C; &#x8BA9;&#x5B83;&#x5728;&#x201C; N &#x79D2;&#x5185;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x81F3;&#x5C11;&#x6709; M &#x4E2A;&#x6539;&#x52A8;&#x201D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x88AB;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C; &#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x3002;&#x4F60;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8C03;&#x7528; SAVE &#x6216;&#x8005; BGSAVE &#xFF0C; &#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x8BA9; Redis &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C; &#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4F1A;&#x8BA9; Redis &#x5728;&#x6EE1;&#x8DB3;&#x201C; 60 &#x79D2;&#x5185;&#x6709;&#x81F3;&#x5C11;&#x6709; 1000 &#x4E2A;&#x952E;&#x88AB;&#x6539;&#x52A8;&#x201D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E00;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C; &#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#xFF1A;<br>save 60 1000<br>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x88AB;&#x79F0;&#x4E3A;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#xFF08;snapshot&#xFF09;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="aof&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;">AOF&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="aof&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;">AOF&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;</h6><p></p>
<ul>
<li>redis&#x8C03;&#x7528;fork &#xFF0C;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6709;&#x7236;&#x5B50;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;</li>
<li>&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#xFF0C;&#x5F80;&#x4E34;&#x65F6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x91CD;&#x5EFA;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</li>
<li>&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5904;&#x7406;client&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF0C;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x628A;&#x5199;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x539F;&#x6765;&#x7684;aof&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x628A;&#x6536;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x91CD;&#x5199;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x51FA;&#x95EE;&#x9898;</li>
<li>&#x5F53;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x628A;&#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x5DF2;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5199;&#x5230;&#x4E34;&#x65F6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5B50;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x53D1;&#x4FE1;&#x53F7;&#x901A;&#x77E5;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x628A;&#x7F13;&#x5B58;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E5F;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x5230;&#x4E34;&#x65F6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</li>
<li>&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x7236;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E34;&#x65F6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x8001;&#x7684;aof&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x91CD;&#x547D;&#x540D;&#xFF0C;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x6536;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E5F;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5F80;&#x65B0;&#x7684;aof&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x8FFD;&#x52A0;</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h6 id="aof-&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x70B9;">AOF &#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x70B9;</h6><br>&#x4F7F;&#x7528; AOF &#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x4F1A;&#x8BA9; Redis &#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x8010;&#x4E45;&#xFF08;much more durable&#xFF09;&#xFF1A;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684; fsync &#x7B56;&#x7565;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x65E0; fsync &#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x79D2;&#x949F;&#x4E00;&#x6B21; fsync &#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x65F6; fsync &#x3002;AOF &#x7684;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#x4E3A;&#x6BCF;&#x79D2;&#x949F; fsync &#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;Redis &#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x826F;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x5C31;&#x7B97;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x505C;&#x673A;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x6700;&#x591A;&#x53EA;&#x4F1A;&#x4E22;&#x5931;&#x4E00;&#x79D2;&#x949F;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF08; fsync &#x4F1A;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x4E3B;&#x7EBF;&#x7A0B;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x52AA;&#x529B;&#x5730;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#xFF09;&#x3002;AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53EA;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8FFD;&#x52A0;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF08;append only log&#xFF09;&#xFF0C; &#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x5BF9; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x4E0D;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8FDB;&#x884C; seek &#xFF0C; &#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#x800C;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E86;&#x672A;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x5B8C;&#x6574;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x65F6;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x5DF2;&#x6EE1;&#xFF0C;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x4E2D;&#x9014;&#x505C;&#x673A;&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;&#x7B49;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C; redis-check-aof &#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8F7B;&#x6613;&#x5730;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;<br>Redis &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4F53;&#x79EF;&#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x8FC7;&#x5927;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5730;&#x5728;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x5BF9; AOF &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x91CD;&#x5199;&#xFF1A; &#x91CD;&#x5199;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x65B0; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E86;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x6240;&#x9700;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x96C6;&#x5408;&#x3002; &#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x91CD;&#x5199;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x662F;&#x7EDD;&#x5BF9;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A; Redis &#x5728;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x65B0; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5C06;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8FFD;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x73B0;&#x6709;&#x7684; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x91CC;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x91CD;&#x5199;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x4E2D;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x505C;&#x673A;&#xFF0C;&#x73B0;&#x6709;&#x7684; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E5F;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x4E22;&#x5931;&#x3002; &#x800C;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x65B0; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#xFF0C;Redis &#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x4ECE;&#x65E7; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5207;&#x6362;&#x5230;&#x65B0; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5BF9;&#x65B0; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8FFD;&#x52A0;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6709;&#x5E8F;&#x5730;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x4E86;&#x5BF9;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C; &#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x4EE5; Redis &#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x7684;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#xFF0C; &#x56E0;&#x6B64; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x88AB;&#x4EBA;&#x8BFB;&#x61C2;&#xFF0C; &#x5BF9;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#xFF08;parse&#xFF09;&#x4E5F;&#x5F88;&#x8F7B;&#x677E;&#x3002; &#x5BFC;&#x51FA;&#xFF08;export&#xFF09; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E5F;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#xFF1A; &#x4E3E;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C; &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x4E0D;&#x5C0F;&#x5FC3;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E86; FLUSHALL &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C; &#x4F46;&#x53EA;&#x8981; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x672A;&#x88AB;&#x91CD;&#x5199;&#xFF0C; &#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C; &#x79FB;&#x9664; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x672B;&#x5C3E;&#x7684; FLUSHALL &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C; &#x5E76;&#x91CD;&#x542F; Redis &#xFF0C; &#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5C06;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x5230; FLUSHALL &#x6267;&#x884C;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="aof-&#x7684;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;">AOF &#x7684;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;</h6><br>&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x4F53;&#x79EF;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x8981;&#x5927;&#x4E8E; RDB &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x4F53;&#x79EF;&#x3002;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x6240;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684; fsync &#x7B56;&#x7565;&#xFF0C;AOF &#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6162;&#x4E8E; RDB &#x3002; &#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C; &#x6BCF;&#x79D2; fsync &#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x4F9D;&#x7136;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C; &#x800C;&#x5173;&#x95ED; fsync &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BA9; AOF &#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x548C; RDB &#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x5FEB;&#xFF0C; &#x5373;&#x4F7F;&#x5728;&#x9AD8;&#x8D1F;&#x8377;&#x4E4B;&#x4E0B;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x5982;&#x6B64;&#x3002; &#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x5728;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x5DE8;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x8F7D;&#x5165;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;RDB &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x66F4;&#x6709;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x5EF6;&#x8FDF;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#xFF08;latency&#xFF09;&#x3002;AOF &#x5728;&#x8FC7;&#x53BB;&#x66FE;&#x7ECF;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x8FC7;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684; bug &#xFF1A; &#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4E2A;&#x522B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF0C;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5728;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x8F7D;&#x5165;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x5C06;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x6210;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x6837;&#x3002; &#xFF08;&#x4E3E;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C;&#x963B;&#x585E;&#x547D;&#x4EE4; BRPOPLPUSH &#x5C31;&#x66FE;&#x7ECF;&#x5F15;&#x8D77;&#x8FC7;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684; bug &#x3002;&#xFF09; &#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x5957;&#x4EF6;&#x91CC;&#x4E3A;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x4E86;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#xFF1A; &#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x968F;&#x673A;&#x7684;&#x3001;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#xFF0C; &#x5E76;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x8F7D;&#x5165;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6765;&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x3002; &#x867D;&#x7136;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD; bug &#x5728; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#xFF0C; &#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x6BD4;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C; RDB &#x51E0;&#x4E4E;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD; bug &#x7684;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="aof-&#x91CD;&#x5199;">AOF &#x91CD;&#x5199;</h6><br>&#x56E0;&#x4E3A; AOF &#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x4F5C;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x65AD;&#x5730;&#x5C06;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x8FFD;&#x52A0;&#x5230;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x672B;&#x5C3E;&#xFF0C; &#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x968F;&#x7740;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x4E0D;&#x65AD;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#xFF0C; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x4F53;&#x79EF;&#x4E5F;&#x4F1A;&#x53D8;&#x5F97;&#x8D8A;&#x6765;&#x8D8A;&#x5927;&#x3002;&#x4E3E;&#x4E2A;&#x4F8B;&#x5B50;&#xFF0C; &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x5BF9;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;&#x5668;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E86; 100 &#x6B21; INCR &#xFF0C; &#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x4EC5;&#x4EC5;&#x662F;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x503C;&#xFF0C; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5C31;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; 100 &#x6761;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#xFF08;entry&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x7136;&#x800C;&#x5728;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C; &#x53EA;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E00;&#x6761; SET &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x8DB3;&#x4EE5;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x8BA1;&#x6570;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x503C;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C; &#x5176;&#x4F59; 99 &#x6761;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x4E0A;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x591A;&#x4F59;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF0C; Redis &#x652F;&#x6301;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x6709;&#x8DA3;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#xFF1A; &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x6253;&#x65AD;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C; &#x5BF9; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x91CD;&#x5EFA;&#xFF08;rebuild&#xFF09;&#x3002;&#x6267;&#x884C; BGREWRITEAOF &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C; Redis &#x5C06;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684; AOF &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C; &#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x91CD;&#x5EFA;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x6240;&#x9700;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5C11;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x9009;&#x62E9;">&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x9009;&#x62E9;</h4><p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x60F3;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x8DB3;&#x4EE5;&#x5AB2;&#x7F8E; PostgreSQL &#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x6027;&#xFF0C; &#x4F60;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E24;&#x79CD;&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x5173;&#x5FC3;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;,&#x4F46;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x627F;&#x53D7;&#x6570;&#x5206;&#x949F;&#x4EE5;&#x5185;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E22;&#x5931;&#xFF0C; &#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x4F60;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x53EA;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; RDB &#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x6709;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x90FD;&#x53EA;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; AOF &#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#xFF0C; &#x4F46;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1A; &#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x751F;&#x6210; RDB &#x5FEB;&#x7167;&#xFF08;snapshot&#xFF09;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x4FBF;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#xFF0C; &#x5E76;&#x4E14; RDB &#x6062;&#x590D;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x96C6;&#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x4E5F;&#x8981;&#x6BD4; AOF &#x6062;&#x590D;&#x7684;&#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x8981;&#x5FEB;&#xFF0C; &#x9664;&#x6B64;&#x4E4B;&#x5916;&#xFF0C; &#x4F7F;&#x7528; RDB &#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x907F;&#x514D;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#x7684; AOF &#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684; bug &#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x79CD;&#x79CD;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF0C; &#x672A;&#x6765;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x5C06; AOF &#x548C; RDB &#x6574;&#x5408;&#x6210;&#x5355;&#x4E2A;&#x6301;&#x4E45;&#x5316;&#x6A21;&#x578B;&#x3002; &#xFF08;&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x957F;&#x671F;&#x8BA1;&#x5212;&#x3002;&#xFF09;</li>
</ul>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;AOF&lt;/code&gt;、&lt;code&gt;RDB&lt;/code&gt;是两种 Redis持久化的机制。用于crash后，redis的恢复。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="NoSQL" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/NoSQL/"/>
    
    
      <category term="Redis" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/Redis/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>Linux故障记录(持续更新...)</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/4519/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/4519/</id>
    <published>2017-07-24T03:00:57.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-24T09:22:13.940Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x5728;&#x7EF4;&#x62A4;<code>Linux</code>&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x96BE;&#x514D;&#x4F1A;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x548C;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5B9E;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x4E0E;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;&#x53EA;&#x8981;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x638C;&#x63E1;&#x4E86;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x5957;&#x8DEF;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x4ED6;&#x4EBA;&#x9047;&#x5230;Linux&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x7684;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x73B0;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;&#x548C;&#x65B9;&#x6848;&#x3002;<br> <a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="umount-wwwdata-device-is-busy">umount : /www/data: device is busy</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="1&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;">1.&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</h5><br>&#x5378;&#x8F7D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x793A;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x5378;&#x8F7D;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;<code>&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;</code><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="1&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;">1.&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">fuser -m -v /mnt/<span class="built_in">test</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5173;&#x95ED;&#x6216;&#x8005;kill&#x6389;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x5378;&#x8F7D;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x8981;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8BF7;&#x614E;&#x91CD;&#x5904;&#x7406;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="1&#x6269;&#x5C55;-fuser&#x547D;&#x4EE4;">1.&#x6269;&#x5C55;-fuser&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</h5><br>fuser &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x51FA;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3001;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x70B9;&#x3001;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x7ED9;&#x51FA;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;<br><strong>&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</strong><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">-m&#xFF1A; &#x8868;&#x660E;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x70B9;</div><div class="line">-v&#xFF1A; &#x7ED9;&#x51FA;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x7684;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;</div><div class="line">-k&#xFF1A; &#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x628A;&#x9738;&#x5360;&#x7740; /media/USB/ &#x7684;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x6740;&#x6B7B;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="read-only-file-system">Read-only file system</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="2&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;">2.&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</h5><br>&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#x6709;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;<code>&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5757;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x4E0D;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;</code>&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;<code>&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x6545;&#x969C;</code>&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4E3B;&#x6D41;ext3/ext4&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x5F88;&#x5F3A;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x6211;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x673A;&#x5236;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x7684;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#xFF0C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x81EA;&#x884C;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x81F4;&#x547D;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E3A;&#x4E86;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x6027;&#x548C;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x6682;&#x65F6;&#x5C4F;&#x853D;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x5199;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="2&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;">2.&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;</h5><br>&#x624B;&#x5DE5;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5F0F;fsck&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x524D;&#xFF0C;&#x5378;&#x8F7D;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6240;&#x5728;&#x7684;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x5206;&#x533A;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">fsck &#x2013;V &#x2013;a /dev/sdb1</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="2&#x6269;&#x5C55;-fsck&#x547D;&#x4EE4;">2.&#x6269;&#x5C55;-fsck&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</h5><br>fsck&#x4E0D;&#x4EC5;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5BF9;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x80FD;&#x4FEE;&#x6B63;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;<br><strong>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x7684;&#x662F;fsck&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x65F6;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x5355;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x3001;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x6216;&#x628A;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;umount&#x540E;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x5EFA;&#x8BAE;&#x5728;&#x5355;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x4E0B;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x635F;&#x574F;&#x3002;</strong><br>&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x6709;fsck&#x3001;fsck.ext2&#x3001;fsck.ext3&#x3001;fsck.ext4&#x3001;fsck.msdos&#x3001;fsck.cramfs&#x3001;fsck.ext4dev&#x3001;fsck.vfat&#x3002;&#x6700;&#x597D;&#x662F;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6765;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;ext3&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;fsck.ext3&#xFF0C;ext4&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;fsck.ext4&#x7B49;&#x3002;<br><strong>&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</strong><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="_">-a</span>&#xFF1A;&#x975E;&#x4E92;&#x4EA4;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x4FEE;&#x590D;</div><div class="line">-c&#xFF1A; &#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x6709;&#x635F;&#x574F;&#x7684;&#x533A;&#x5757;</div><div class="line">-C&#xFF1A; &#x4F1A;&#x628A;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x7684;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x4EA4;&#x7531;&#x5176;&#x9006;&#x5411;&#x53D9;&#x8FF0;&#xFF0C;&#x4FBF;&#x4E8E;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;</div><div class="line"><span class="_">-d</span>&#xFF1A; &#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B; </div><div class="line"><span class="_">-f</span>&#xFF1A; &#x5F3A;&#x5236;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x68C0;&#x67E5; </div><div class="line">-F&#xFF1A; &#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x6E05;&#x7406;&#x8BE5;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x8BBE;&#x5907;&#x5757;&#x533A;&#x5185;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E; </div><div class="line"><span class="_">-l</span>&#xFF1A; &#x628A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x6240;&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x7684;&#x635F;&#x574F;&#x533A;&#x5757;&#xFF0C;&#x52A0;&#x5165;&#x6807;&#x8BB0; </div><div class="line">-L&#xFF1A; &#x6E05;&#x9664;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x635F;&#x574F;&#x6807;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x6807;&#x8BB0; </div><div class="line">-n&#xFF1A; &#x975E;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;,&#x628A;&#x6B32;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8BBE;&#x6210;&#x53EA;&#x8BFB; </div><div class="line">-r&#xFF1A;&#x4EA4;&#x4E92;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F; </div><div class="line">-t&#xFF1A; &#x663E;&#x793A;fsck.ext2&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5E8F;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002; </div><div class="line">-v&#xFF1A; &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B; </div><div class="line">-y&#xFF1A; &#x5173;&#x95ED;&#x4E92;&#x52A8;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F; &#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x53C2;&#x6570; </div><div class="line">-b&#xFF1A; &#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x5206;&#x533A;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x78C1;&#x533A;&#x7684;&#x8D77;&#x59CB;&#x5730;&#x5740;/Super Block </div><div class="line">-B&#xFF1A; &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x8BE5;&#x5206;&#x533A;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x533A;&#x5757;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F; </div><div class="line">-I&#xFF1A; &#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x6B32;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;inode&#x7F13;&#x51B2;&#x533A;&#x7684;&#x533A;&#x5757;&#x6570;&#x76EE; </div><div class="line">-V&#xFF1A; &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="no-space-left-on-device">no space left on device</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="3&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;">3.&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;</h5><br>&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x6EE1;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x51C6;&#x5907;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="3&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;">3.&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">df -hT</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x662F;&#x54EA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x5206;&#x533A;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;100%</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">du &#x2013;sh * </div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x63A5;&#x7740;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;du &#x2013;sh * &#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x662F;&#x90A3;&#x4E9B;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x592A;&#x5927;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;rm&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x524D;&#x8BF7;&#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5173;&#x952E;&#x6027;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p></p><h5 id="3&#x6269;&#x5C55;1-df&#x547D;&#x4EE4;">3.&#x6269;&#x5C55;1-df&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</h5><br>df&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x5206;&#x533A;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;<br><strong>&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</strong><br><figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">-h&#x6216;--human-readable&#xFF1A;&#x4EE5;&#x53EF;&#x8BFB;&#x6027;&#x8F83;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x6765;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4FE1;&#x606F; </div><div class="line">-H&#x6216;--si&#xFF1A;&#x4E0E;-h&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x5728;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x65F6;&#x662F;&#x4EE5;1000 Bytes&#x4E3A;&#x6362;&#x7B97;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x800C;&#x975E;1024 Bytes&#xFF1B;</div><div class="line">-i&#x6216;--inodes&#xFF1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;inode&#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</div><div class="line">-k&#x6216;--kilobytes&#xFF1A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x533A;&#x5757;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x4E3A;1024&#x5B57;&#x8282;</div><div class="line">-l&#x6216;--local&#xFF1A;&#x4EC5;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x672C;&#x5730;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</div><div class="line">-m&#x6216;--megabytes&#xFF1A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x533A;&#x5757;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x4E3A;1048576&#x5B57;&#x8282;</div><div class="line">--no-sync&#xFF1A;&#x5728;&#x53D6;&#x5F97;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x524D;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x6267;&#x884C;sync&#x6307;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x6B64;&#x4E3A;&#x9884;&#x8BBE;&#x503C;</div><div class="line">-P&#x6216;--portability&#xFF1A;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;POSIX&#x7684;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;</div><div class="line">--sync&#xFF1A;&#x5728;&#x53D6;&#x5F97;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x524D;&#xFF0C;&#x5148;&#x6267;&#x884C;sync&#x6307;&#x4EE4;</div><div class="line">-t&lt;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&gt;&#x6216;--type=&lt;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&gt;&#xFF1A;&#x4EC5;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</div><div class="line">-T&#x6216;--print-type&#xFF1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF1B; </div><div class="line">-x&lt;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&gt;&#x6216;--exclude-type=&lt;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&gt;&#xFF1A;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="3&#x6269;&#x5C55;2-du&#x547D;&#x4EE4;">3.&#x6269;&#x5C55;2-du&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</h5><br>du&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E5F;&#x662F;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x4E0E;df&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x662F;du&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x548C;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x67E5;&#x770B;<br><strong>&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</strong><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="_">-a</span>&#x6216;-all&#xFF1A; &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E2D;&#x4E2A;&#x522B;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;</div><div class="line">-b&#x6216;-bytes&#xFF1A; &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x6216;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;byte&#x4E3A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D; </div><div class="line">-c&#x6216;--total&#xFF1A; &#x9664;&#x4E86;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4E2A;&#x522B;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x6216;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x4E5F;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x6216;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x603B;&#x548C;</div><div class="line">-k&#x6216;--kilobytes&#xFF1A; &#x4EE5;KB(1024bytes)&#x4E3A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x8F93;&#x51FA; </div><div class="line">-m&#x6216;--megabytes&#xFF1A; &#x4EE5;MB&#x4E3A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#x8F93;&#x51FA; </div><div class="line"><span class="_">-s</span>&#x6216;--summarize&#xFF1A; &#x4EC5;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x603B;&#x8BA1;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x52A0;&#x603B;&#x7684;&#x503C; </div><div class="line">-h&#x6216;--human-readable&#xFF1A; &#x4EE5;K&#xFF0C;M&#xFF0C;G&#x4E3A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x9AD8;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x8BFB;&#x6027; </div><div class="line">-x&#x6216;--one-file-xystem&#xFF1A; &#x4EE5;&#x4E00;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E3A;&#x51C6;&#xFF0C;&#x82E5;&#x9047;&#x4E0A;&#x5176;&#x5B83;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x5219;&#x7565;&#x8FC7; </div><div class="line">-L&lt;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&gt;&#x6216;--dereference&lt;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&gt; &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x9009;&#x9879;&#x4E2D;&#x6240;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5927;&#x5C0F; </div><div class="line">-S&#x6216;--separate-dirs&#xFF1A; &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4E2A;&#x522B;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x542B;&#x5176;&#x5B50;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684;&#x5927;&#x5C0F; </div><div class="line">--exclude=&lt;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x6216;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&gt;&#xFF1A; &#x7565;&#x8FC7;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x6216;&#x6587;&#x4EF6; </div><div class="line">-D&#x6216;--dereference-args&#xFF1A; &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x6E90;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5927;&#x5C0F; </div><div class="line">-H&#x6216;--si&#xFF1A; &#x4E0E;-h&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;K&#xFF0C;M&#xFF0C;G&#x662F;&#x4EE5;1000&#x4E3A;&#x6362;&#x7B97;&#x5355;&#x4F4D; </div><div class="line"><span class="_">-l</span>&#x6216;--count-links&#xFF1A; &#x91CD;&#x590D;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5DF2;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x91CA;&#x653E;">&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5DF2;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x91CA;&#x653E;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="4&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x73B0;&#x8C61;">4.&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x73B0;&#x8C61;</h5><br>&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x592A;&#x5927;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x6EE1;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x77E5;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#xFF0C;&#x786E;&#x8BA4;&#x65E0;&#x7528;&#x540E;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5220;&#x9664;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">find / -size +1G | xargs ls -lh</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528;find &#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x5927;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</span></div><div class="line">find / -size +1G | xargs rm -rf</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x786E;&#x5B9A;&#x597D;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x65E0;&#x7528;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x5220;&#x9664;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;df&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x5E76;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x88AB;&#x91CA;&#x653E;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">df -hT</div><div class="line">&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;    &#x7C7B;&#x578B;      &#x5BB9;&#x91CF;  &#x5DF2;&#x7528;  &#x53EF;&#x7528; &#x5DF2;&#x7528;%% &#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x70B9;</div><div class="line">/dev/mapper/vg_weiwang1-lv_root</div><div class="line">              ext4     50G   50G  0    100% /</div><div class="line">tmpfs        tmpfs    5.3G     0  5.3G   0% /dev/shm</div><div class="line">/dev/vda1     ext4    485M   32M  428M   7% /boot</div><div class="line">/dev/mapper/vg_weiwang1-lv_home</div><div class="line">              ext4     44G  44G   0    100% /home</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5728;Linux&#x6216;&#x8005;Unix&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;rm&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5668;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5C06;&#x4F1A;&#x4ECE;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x4E0A;&#x89E3;&#x9664;&#x94FE;&#x63A5;(unlink)&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x662F;&#x88AB;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x7684;&#xFF08;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5C06;&#x4ECD;&#x7136;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x8BFB;&#x53D6;&#x8BE5;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x4E5F;&#x4E00;&#x76F4;&#x88AB;&#x5360;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="4&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;">4.&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lsof | grep deleted</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528; lsof &#x627E;&#x5230;&#x88AB;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4F46;&#x662F;fd&#x6CA1;&#x91CA;&#x653E;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5173;&#x95ED;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x7136;&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x4EE5;&#x540E;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x5360;&#x6EE1;&#xFF0C;&#x5207;&#x52FF;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5728;&#x7EBF;&#x6E05;&#x7A7A;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x6B64;&#x7C7B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&gt; /data/test.log</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x4E0D;&#x4F46;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x9A6C;&#x4E0A;&#x91CA;&#x653E;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EF;&#x4FDD;&#x969C;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x5411;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x7ECF;&#x5E38;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5728;&#x7EBF;&#x6E05;&#x7406;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x6240;&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h5 id="4&#x6269;&#x5C55;1-&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x673A;&#x5236;">4.&#x6269;&#x5C55;1-&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x673A;&#x5236;</h5><br>&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5728;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x4E2D;&#x5B58;&#x653E;&#x5206;&#x4E3A;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#xFF1A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x548C;&#x6307;&#x9488;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#xFF0C;&#x6307;&#x9488;&#x4F4D;&#x4E8E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;meta-data&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x5C06;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6307;&#x9488;&#x5C31;&#x4ECE;meta-data&#x4E2D;&#x6E05;&#x9664;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5728;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x5C06;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x9488;&#x4ECE;meta-data&#x4E2D;&#x6E05;&#x9664;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x5360;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x88AB;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x5E76;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x4E4B;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x5220;&#x9664;access_log&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x8FD8;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x91CA;&#x653E;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;httpd&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x8FD8;&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x76F4;&#x5411;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5199;&#x5165;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#xFF0C;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x867D;&#x7136;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4E86;access_Ilog&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x9501;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x6307;&#x9488;&#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x5E76;&#x672A;&#x4ECE;meta-data&#x4E2D;&#x6E05;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x6307;&#x9488;&#x5E76;&#x672A;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x5C31;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5E76;&#x672A;&#x88AB;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;df&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x5E76;&#x672A;&#x91CA;&#x653E;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="4&#x6269;&#x5C55;2-lsof&#x547D;&#x4EE4;">4.&#x6269;&#x5C55;2-lsof&#x547D;&#x4EE4;</h5><br>lsof&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x7684;&#x539F;&#x59CB;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;<br><strong>&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF1A;</strong><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lsof abc.txt &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;abc.txt&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;</div><div class="line">lsof -i :22 &#x77E5;&#x9053;22&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;</div><div class="line">lsof -c abc &#x663E;&#x793A;abc&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</div><div class="line">lsof -n &#x4E0D;&#x5C06;IP&#x8F6C;&#x6362;&#x4E3A;hostname&#xFF0C;&#x7F3A;&#x7701;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x52A0;&#x4E0A;-n&#x53C2;&#x6570;</div><div class="line">lsof -u username &#x4EE5;UID&#xFF0C;&#x5217;&#x51FA;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</div><div class="line">lsof -g gid &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x5F52;&#x5C5E;gid&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;</div><div class="line">lsof +d /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/ &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x88AB;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</div><div class="line">lsof +D /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/ &#x540C;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x4F1A;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x8F83;&#x957F;</div><div class="line">lsof <span class="_">-d</span> 4 &#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;fd&#x4E3A;4&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;</div><div class="line">lsof -p 12 &#x770B;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x53F7;&#x4E3A;12&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x4E86;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;在维护&lt;code&gt;Linux&lt;/code&gt;服务器中，难免会存在问题和故障，其实学习就是一个发现问题与解决问题的过程。只要我们掌握了解决问题的基本套路，那么一切问题应该都不是问题。这里记录自己以及他人遇到Linux服务器故障的出现的现象，以及解决思路和方案。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="故障记录" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/"/>
    
    
      <category term="故障" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>ELK Stack 常用架构及使用场景</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/21004/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/21004/</id>
    <published>2017-07-04T02:09:26.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.305Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><code>ELK Stack</code> &#x662F;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x96C6;&#x5408; Elasticsearch&#x3001; Logstash&#x3001; Kibana &#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x79F0;&#xFF0C;&#x7531;&#x8FD9;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x53CA;&#x5176;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x7EC4;&#x4EF6;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6253;&#x9020;&#x5927;&#x89C4;&#x6A21;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x5B9E;&#x65F6;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x3002;<br> <a id="more"></a></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x80CC;&#x666F;">&#x80CC;&#x666F;</h4><p></p>
<ul>
<li><p><strong>Elasticsearch</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x548C;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#xFF0C;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x4F38;&#x7F29;&#x3001;&#x9AD8;&#x53EF;&#x9760;&#x548C;&#x6613;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7B49;&#x7279;&#x70B9;&#x3002;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E; Apache Lucene &#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#xFF0C;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x5927;&#x5BB9;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x63A5;&#x8FD1;&#x5B9E;&#x65F6;&#x7684;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x3001;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x548C;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x88AB;&#x7528;&#x4F5C;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x5176;&#x5177;&#x6709;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x7684;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Logstash</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x5F15;&#x64CE;&#x3002;&#x5B83;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x7684;&#x4ECE;&#x5404;&#x79CD;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6E90;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5BF9;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x6EE4;&#x3001;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x3001;&#x4E30;&#x5BCC;&#x3001;&#x7EDF;&#x4E00;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#x7B49;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5230;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Kibana</strong>&#xFF1A;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x548C;&#x53EF;&#x89C6;&#x5316;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4E0E; Elasticsearch &#x914D;&#x5408;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#xFF0C;&#x5BF9;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x641C;&#x7D22;&#x3001;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x548C;&#x4EE5;&#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x56FE;&#x8868;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x5C55;&#x793A;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
<li><p><strong>Filebeat</strong>&#xFF1A;ELK &#x534F;&#x8BAE;&#x6808;&#x7684;&#x65B0;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8F7B;&#x91CF;&#x7EA7;&#x5F00;&#x6E90;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E; Logstash-Forwarder &#x6E90;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x66FF;&#x4EE3;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x91C7;&#x96C6;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7684; server &#x4E0A;&#x5B89;&#x88C5; Filebeat&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x6216;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;Filebeat &#x5C31;&#x80FD;&#x8BFB;&#x53D6;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x8FC5;&#x901F;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230; Logstash &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#xFF0C;&#x4EA6;&#x6216;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230; Elasticsearch &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x96C6;&#x4E2D;&#x5F0F;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x548C;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x3002;</p>
</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x67B6;&#x6784;">&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x67B6;&#x6784;</h4><br>&#x5728;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Logstash&#x3001;Elasticsearch &#x548C; Kibana &#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x3002;Logstash &#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x8F93;&#x5165;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x4ECE;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x6E90;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3001;&#x6807;&#x51C6;&#x8F93;&#x5165; Stdin &#x7B49;&#xFF09;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x7ECF;&#x8FC7;&#x6EE4;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x52A0;&#x5DE5;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x7ECF; Elasticsearch &#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x5230; Elasticsearch&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Kibana &#x5C55;&#x793A;&#x3002;<br>&#x8BE6;&#x89C1;&#x4E0B;&#x56FE;:<br><img src="/uploads/ELK_jc.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="logstash&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x5668;">Logstash&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x5668;</h4><br>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x7684;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#xFF0C;&#x628A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A; Logstash &#x6570;&#x636E;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x5230;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x4E8E;&#x591A;&#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x597D;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230; Elasticsearch server &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x5728; Kibana &#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x3001;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x62A5;&#x8868;&#x7B49;<br>&#x8BE6;&#x89C1;&#x4E0B;&#x56FE;:<br><img src="/uploads/ELK_Log.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x5404;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x90E8;&#x7F72; Logstash&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x5B83;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x6D88;&#x8017; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x9002;&#x5408;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x4E30;&#x5BCC;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x5BB9;&#x6613;&#x9020;&#x6210;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x4E0B;&#x964D;&#xFF0C;&#x751A;&#x81F3;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="beats&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x5668;">Beats&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x5668;</h4><br>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x5F15;&#x5165; Beats &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x5668;&#x3002;&#x76EE;&#x524D; Beats &#x5305;&#x62EC;&#x56DB;&#x79CD;&#xFF1A;<p></p>
<ul>
<li>Packetbeat&#xFF08;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x6D41;&#x91CF;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>Topbeat&#xFF08;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x3001;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x548C;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#x7684; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x7B49;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>Filebeat&#xFF08;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>Winlogbeat&#xFF08;&#x641C;&#x96C6; Windows &#x4E8B;&#x4EF6;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF09;</li>
</ul>
<p>Beats &#x5C06;&#x641C;&#x96C6;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230; Logstash&#xFF0C;&#x7ECF; Logstash &#x89E3;&#x6790;&#x3001;&#x8FC7;&#x6EE4;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x5176;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5230; Elasticsearch &#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x7531; Kibana &#x5448;&#x73B0;&#x7ED9;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x3002;<br>&#x8BE6;&#x89C1;&#x4E0B;&#x56FE;:<br><img src="/uploads/ELK_beats.png" class="blockquote-center"> </p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x4E86; Logstash &#x5728;&#x5404;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x4E0A;&#x5360;&#x7528;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;&#x76F8;&#x6BD4; Logstash&#xFF0C;Beats &#x6240;&#x5360;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684; CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x51E0;&#x4E4E;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#x4E0D;&#x8BA1;&#x3002;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#xFF0C;Beats &#x548C; Logstash &#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x652F;&#x6301; SSL/TLS &#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#xFF0C;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x548C;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x53CC;&#x5411;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#xFF0C;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x4E86;&#x901A;&#x4FE1;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x3002;<br>&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x9002;&#x5408;&#x5BF9;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x6027;&#x8981;&#x6C42;&#x8F83;&#x9AD8;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x5404;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x654F;&#x611F;&#x7684;&#x573A;&#x666F;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x67B6;&#x6784;">&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x67B6;&#x6784;</h4><br>&#x8FD9;&#x79CD;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#x5F15;&#x5165;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#xFF0C;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x4E86;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x4F20;&#x8F93;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x964D;&#x4F4E;&#x4E86;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x95ED;&#x585E;&#xFF0C;&#x5C24;&#x5176;&#x662F;&#x4E22;&#x5931;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6027;&#x3002;<br><img src="/uploads/ELK_xx.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x4E0A;&#x56FE;&#x662F; ELK Stack &#x5B9E;&#x9645;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#x5178;&#x578B;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D; filebeat &#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5728;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x7684;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x589E;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x5230; Kafka &#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6682;&#x5B58;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p>Kafka &#x4EE5;&#x9AD8;&#x541E;&#x5410;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x5F81;&#xFF0C;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x89D2;&#x8272;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x4ECE; filebeat &#x6536;&#x96C6;&#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#x4EE5;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x7136;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;Logstash &#x4ECE; Kafka &#x4E2D;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Input-Filter-Output &#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x9636;&#x6BB5;&#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x66F4;&#x6539;&#x6216;&#x8FC7;&#x6EE4;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x7EC8;&#x8F93;&#x51FA;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x611F;&#x5174;&#x8DA3;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x3002;&#x901A;&#x5E38;&#xFF0C;&#x6839;&#x636E; Kafka &#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x4E0A;&#x5206;&#x533A;(Partition)&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;1:1 &#x786E;&#x5B9A; Logstash &#x5B9E;&#x4F8B;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x7EC4;&#x6210; Consumer Group &#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6D88;&#x8D39;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x6700;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;Elasticsearch &#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x5E76;&#x7D22;&#x5F15; Logstash &#x8F6C;&#x53D1;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; Kibana &#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x548C;&#x53EF;&#x89C6;&#x5316;&#x5C55;&#x793A;&#xFF0C;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x5B9E;&#x65F6;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x3002;</p>
<p>Elasticsearch/Kibana &#x8FD8;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x5B89;&#x88C5; x-pack &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x76D1;&#x63A7; Elasticsearch &#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x3001;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x6388;&#x6743;&#x7B49;&#x3002;</p>
<p>&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x8FD8;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x6211;&#x7684;&#x4E0B;&#x7BC7;&#x6587;&#x7AE0; ELK Stack 5.x &#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;</p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;ELK Stack&lt;/code&gt; 是软件集合 Elasticsearch、 Logstash、 Kibana 的简称，由这三个软件及其相关的组件可以打造大规模日志实时处理系统。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="运维" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%BF%90%E7%BB%B4/"/>
    
    
      <category term="ELK" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/ELK/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>supervisor进程管理工具</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/6255/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/6255/</id>
    <published>2017-07-03T03:15:34.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.375Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<p><code>supervisor</code>&#x662F;&#x7528;python&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x542F;&#xFF0C;&#x5173;&#x95ED;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;<br> <a id="more"></a></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x80CC;&#x666F;">&#x4EA7;&#x751F;&#x80CC;&#x666F;</h4><br>&#x5728;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5206;&#x5E03;&#x5F0F;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x548C;&#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x548C;&#x505C;&#x6B62;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x9EBB;&#x70E6;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x4E14;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E5F;&#x5F88;&#x4E0D;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x80FD;&#x591F;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x6BCF;&#x53F0;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x9AD8;&#x6548;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;&#x5316;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5C06;&#x662F;&#x975E;&#x5E38;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7684;&#x3002;&#x4E8E;&#x662F;Supervisord&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x5E94;&#x8FD0;&#x800C;&#x751F;&#x3002;&#x4E0E;Supervisord&#x7C7B;&#x4F3C;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x5305;&#x62EC;monit, daemontools&#x548C;runit&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;</h4><br>Supervisord&#x662F;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x5728;Python&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x4E0B;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;supervisord&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x6709;python&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x3002;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum install python-setuptools</div><div class="line">easy_install supervisor</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#xFF0C;&#x952E;&#x5165;: echo_supervisord_conf&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;superviscord_conf &#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6A21;&#x677F;&#x3002;<br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x5C06;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;&#x5230;/etc&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x4E0B;&#xFF08;&#x65B9;&#x4FBF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#xFF09;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">echo</span>_supervisord_conf&gt;/etc/supervisord.conf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8BE6;&#x89E3;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x8BE6;&#x89E3;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[unix_http_server]</div><div class="line">file=/tmp/supervisor.sock ; UNIX socket &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;supervisorctl &#x4F1A;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;</div><div class="line">;chmod=0700 ; socket &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684; mode&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; 0700</div><div class="line">;chown=nobody:nogroup ; socket &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684; owner&#xFF0C;&#x683C;&#x5F0F;&#xFF1A; uid:gid</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">;[inet_http_server] ; HTTP &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B; web &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x754C;&#x9762;</div><div class="line">;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; Web &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684; IP &#x548C;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5F00;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x516C;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x6027;</div><div class="line">;username=user ; &#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D;</div><div class="line">;password=123 ; &#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[supervisord]</div><div class="line">logfile=/tmp/supervisord.log ; &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; <span class="variable">$CWD</span>/supervisord.log</div><div class="line">logfile_maxbytes=50MB ; &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#xFF0C;&#x8D85;&#x51FA;&#x4F1A; rotate&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; 50MB</div><div class="line">logfile_backups=10 ; &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4FDD;&#x7559;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x6570;&#x91CF;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; 10</div><div class="line">loglevel=info ; &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x7EA7;&#x522B;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; info&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x5B83;: debug,warn,trace</div><div class="line">pidfile=/tmp/supervisord.pid ; pid &#x6587;&#x4EF6;</div><div class="line">nodaemon=<span class="literal">false</span> ; &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5728;&#x524D;&#x53F0;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; <span class="literal">false</span>&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x4EE5; daemon &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x542F;&#x52A8;</div><div class="line">minfds=1024 ; &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x7B26;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; 1024</div><div class="line">minprocs=200 ; &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5C0F;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; 200</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">; the below section must remain <span class="keyword">in</span> the config file <span class="keyword">for</span> RPC</div><div class="line">; (supervisorctl/web interface) to work, additional interfaces may be</div><div class="line">; added by defining them <span class="keyword">in</span> separate rpcinterface: sections</div><div class="line">[rpcinterface:supervisor]</div><div class="line">supervisor.rpcinterface_factory = supervisor.rpcinterface:make_main_rpcinterface</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">[supervisorctl]</div><div class="line">serverurl=unix:///tmp/supervisor.sock ; &#x901A;&#x8FC7; UNIX socket &#x8FDE;&#x63A5; supervisord&#xFF0C;&#x8DEF;&#x5F84;&#x4E0E; unix_http_server &#x90E8;&#x5206;&#x7684; file &#x4E00;&#x81F4;</div><div class="line">;serverurl=http://127.0.0.1:9001 ; &#x901A;&#x8FC7; HTTP &#x7684;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5; supervisord</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">; &#x5305;&#x542B;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;</div><div class="line">[include]</div><div class="line">files = relative/directory/*.ini ; &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F; *.conf &#x6216; *.ini</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;program&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;Program&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[program:usercenter]</div><div class="line">directory = /home/leon/projects/usercenter ; &#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">command</span> = gunicorn -c gunicorn.py wsgi:app ; &#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x51FA;&#x4E0E;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x5728;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#x7684;</div><div class="line">autostart = <span class="literal">true</span> ; &#x5728; supervisord &#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4E5F;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x542F;&#x52A8;</div><div class="line">startsecs = 5 ; &#x542F;&#x52A8; 5 &#x79D2;&#x540E;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x5F53;&#x4F5C;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x4E86;</div><div class="line">autorestart = <span class="literal">true</span> ; &#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5F02;&#x5E38;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#x540E;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x91CD;&#x542F;</div><div class="line">startretries = 3 ; &#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5931;&#x8D25;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x91CD;&#x8BD5;&#x6B21;&#x6570;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; 3</div><div class="line">user = leon ; &#x7528;&#x54EA;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x542F;&#x52A8;</div><div class="line">redirect_stderr = <span class="literal">true</span> ; &#x628A; stderr &#x91CD;&#x5B9A;&#x5411;&#x5230; stdout&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; <span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">stdout_logfile_maxbytes = 20MB ; stdout &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4; 50MB</div><div class="line">stdout_logfile_backups = 20 ; stdout &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x6570;</div><div class="line">; stdout &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x5F53;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0D;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x65F6;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x6B63;&#x5E38;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF08;supervisord &#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF09;</div><div class="line">stdout_logfile = /data/logs/usercenter_stdout.log</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">; &#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; environment &#x6765;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7684;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x5E38;&#x89C1;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6CD5;&#x662F;&#x4FEE;&#x6539; PYTHONPATH</div><div class="line">; environment=PYTHONPATH=<span class="variable">$PYTHONPATH</span>:/path/to/somewhere</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x5C06;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5230;supervisord.conf&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;<br><strong>&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x5C06;&#x5404;&#x4E2A;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x5355;&#x72EC;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;[include]&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9879;&#x5F15;&#x7528;</strong><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">[include]</div><div class="line">files = /etc/supervisor/*.conf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h4 id="supervisor&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x542F;&#x52A8;">supervisor&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x542F;&#x52A8;</h4><br>&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">supervisord -c /etc/supervisord.conf</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="supervisor&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;">supervisor&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</h4><br>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;supervisord&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x884C;&#x5BA2;&#x6237;&#x7AEF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;supervisorctl&#xFF0C;&#x6765;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x3002;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">supervisorctl status</div><div class="line">supervisorctl stop usercenter</div><div class="line">supervisorctl start usercenter</div><div class="line">supervisorctl restart usercenter</div><div class="line">supervisorctl reread</div><div class="line">supervisorctl update</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="supervisor-web&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x754C;&#x9762;">supervisor web&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x754C;&#x9762;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">;[inet_http_server] ; HTTP &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x63D0;&#x4F9B; web &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x754C;&#x9762;</div><div class="line">;port=127.0.0.1:9001 ; Web &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684; IP &#x548C;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x5F00;&#x653E;&#x5230;&#x516C;&#x7F51;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x6027;</div><div class="line">;username=user ; &#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x540D;</div><div class="line">;password=123 ; &#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x4E2D;&#x8F93;&#x5165;<a href="http://127.0.0.1:9001&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;web&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x754C;&#x9762;" target="_blank" rel="external">http://127.0.0.1:9001&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x8FDB;&#x5165;web&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x754C;&#x9762;</a></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;p&gt;&lt;code&gt;supervisor&lt;/code&gt;是用python写的一个进程管理工具，用来启动，重启，关闭进程。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="工具" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7/"/>
    
    
      <category term="supervisor" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/supervisor/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>别的程序员是怎么读你的简历的（转）</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/8699/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/8699/</id>
    <published>2017-06-14T09:04:14.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-08-08T02:25:13.391Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x56FD;&#x5916;&#x7EDF;&#x8BA1;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EBA;&#x4E8B;&#x548C;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5458;&#x9762;&#x8BD5;&#x7684;&#x4FA7;&#x91CD;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x4E1C;&#x897F;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x548C;&#x56FD;&#x5185;&#x662F;&#x76F8;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x4EBA;&#x4E8B;&#x90E8;&#x95E8;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x7684;">&#x4EBA;&#x4E8B;&#x90E8;&#x95E8;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x7684;</h4><p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#xFF08;+15&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x8BF4;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x548C;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x804C;&#x4F4D;&#x76F8;&#x7B26;&#x7684;&#x6280;&#x80FD;&#x8D85;&#x8FC7;5&#x6B21;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+8&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x8BF4;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x548C;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x804C;&#x4F4D;&#x76F8;&#x7B26;&#x7684;&#x6280;&#x80FD;3&#x6B21;&#x5230;5&#x6B21;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+4&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x8BF4;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x548C;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x804C;&#x4F4D;&#x76F8;&#x7B26;&#x7684;&#x6280;&#x80FD;1&#x6B21;&#x5230;2&#x6B21;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+4&#x5206;&#xFF09;Cover Letter&#xFF08;&#x201C;&#x6C42;&#x804C;&#x4FE1;&#x201D;&#x6216;&#x201C;&#x81EA;&#x8350;&#x4FE1;&#x201D;&#xFF09;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#x4E86;&#x62DB;&#x8058;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+2&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x6709;Cover Letter&#xFF08;&#x6C42;&#x804C;&#x4FE1;&#xFF09;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-10&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x63D0;&#x5230;&#x548C;&#x804C;&#x4F4D;&#x63CF;&#x8FF0;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x6280;&#x80FD;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-15&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x53D7;&#x8FC7;&#x5927;&#x4E13;&#x6559;&#x80B2;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5458;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x7684;">&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x5458;&#x662F;&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x9605;&#x8BFB;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x7684;</h4><p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#xFF08;+15&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x66FE;&#x7ECF;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x597D;&#x73A9;&#x800C;&#x5199;&#x8FC7;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6216;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+12&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x88AB;LaTeX&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x8FC7;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+11&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x4E3A;&#x5F00;&#x6E90;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x8D21;&#x732E;&#x8FC7;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+9&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x4E0A;&#x5B66;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x66FE;&#x7ECF;&#x5199;&#x8FC7;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6216;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x5668;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+8&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;BLOG&#x5206;&#x4EAB;&#x6280;&#x672F;&#x77E5;&#x8BC6;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+8&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;/&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4EBA;/&#x5DE5;&#x7A0B;&#x4FF1;&#x4E50;&#x90E8;&#x4E3B;&#x5E2D;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+7&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;/&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4EBA;/&#x5DE5;&#x7A0B;&#x7ADE;&#x8D5B;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#x8005;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+7&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5728;Google&#x548C;Microsoft&#x5B9E;&#x4E60;&#x8FC7;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+6&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#xFF08;Python/Perl/Ruby&#xFF09;&#x5199;&#x8FC7;&#x975E;&#x8BD5;&#x9A8C;&#x6027;&#x7684;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+5&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x77E5;&#x9053;3&#x79CD;&#x6216;&#x591A;&#x4E8E;3&#x79CD;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+5&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x548C;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x7684;&#x804C;&#x4F4D;&#x6709;&#x5F88;&#x76F8;&#x4F3C;&#x7684;&#x7ECF;&#x9A8C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+4&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x8FC7;&#x5B9E;&#x4E60;&#x7ECF;&#x9A8C;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+4&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x521B;&#x8FC7;&#x4E1A;&#x5F00;&#x8FC7;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+4&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;Rail, PHP&#x6216;ASP.NET&#x7684;&#x4E2A;&#x4EBA;&#x4E3B;&#x9875;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+3&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x57DF;&#x540D;&#x7684;&#x90AE;&#x4EF6;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+3&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6539;&#x8FC7;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x7531;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#xFF08;Python/Perl/Ruby&#xFF09;&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+2&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E2A;&#x4EBA;&#x4E3B;&#x9875;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+1&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x9AD8;&#x5B66;&#x5386;&#xFF0C;&#x5B66;&#x4E60;&#x6210;&#x7EE9;&#x4F18;&#x79C0;&#xFF0C;&#x7B49;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+0&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x5956;&#x5B66;&#x91D1;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;+0&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5728;&#x5FEB;&#x9910;&#x5E97;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x8FC7;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-0.5&#x5206;&#xFF09;Fackbook&#x4E0A;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x5F20;&#x770B;&#x4E0A;&#x53BB;&#x559D;&#x9189;&#x4E86;&#x7684;&#x7167;&#x7247;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-1&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x535A;&#x58EB;&#x5934;&#x8854;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-2&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7684;&#x6C42;&#x804C;&#x4FE1;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-2&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5728;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x8BF4;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x61C2;Word/Excel&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-2&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5728;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x6709;&#x62FC;&#x5199;&#x548C;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-3&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x4F53;&#x592A;&#x5C0F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-4&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x7ECF;&#x9A8C;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x5B66;&#x6821;&#x4E2D;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-4&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x53EA;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x4E00;&#x95E8;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-6&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x6709;&#x4E09;&#x9875;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-6&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x65E0;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x4E1C;&#x897F;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-7&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5F97;&#x5230;&#x8FC7;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x8BFE;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-8&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x4E13;&#x4E1A;&#x8BFE;&#x7A0B;&#x5F88;&#x4F4E;&#x7684;&#x6210;&#x7EE9;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-10&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5728;&#x6280;&#x80FD;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x628A;Visual Basic&#x5217;&#x5728;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-12&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x5728;Facebook&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x8FC7;&#x5149;&#x8180;&#x5B50;&#x7684;&#x7167;&#x7247;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#xFF08;-15&#x5206;&#xFF09;&#x7B80;&#x5386;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x7F29;&#x8FDB;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E86;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#x548C;Tab&#x952E;&#x3002;</li>
</ul>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;这是一个国外统计的一个人事和程序员面试的侧重点，不过，可以看出，其中很多东西都是和国内是相同的。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="其他" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96/"/>
    
    
      <category term="其他" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/%E5%85%B6%E4%BB%96/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>ansible部署脚本</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/52910/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/52910/</id>
    <published>2017-06-05T07:49:23.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.357Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x3000;&#x5728;&#x4E2D;&#x5C0F;&#x4F01;&#x4E1A;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;99%&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;&#x516C;&#x53F8;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x56DE;&#x6EDA;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5C31;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;shell+ansible+jenkins&#x6765;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E86;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p>&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;&#x5230;&#x7EBF;&#x4E0A;&#x4E1A;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x53EA;&#x6F14;&#x793A;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;war&#x5305;&#x7684;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x548C;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x3002;</p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim deploy.sh</div><div class="line"><span class="meta">#!/bin/bash</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x7528;&#x4E8E;jenkins&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">source</span> /etc/profile</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">source</span> /etc/bashrc</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">source</span> /etc/profile.d/*.sh</div><div class="line">datestamp=`date +%Y-%m-%d-%H:%M:%S`</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /mnt/resource/data/deploy</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="function"><span class="title">deploy_tomcat</span></span>(){</div><div class="line">        cp -r /var/lib/jenkins/workspace/<span class="built_in">test</span>/target/*.war playbooks/config/tomcat_<span class="built_in">test</span>/war/tomcat_test.war</div><div class="line">        ansible-playbook -i hosts playbooks/tomcat_test.yml <span class="_">-e</span> <span class="string">&quot;<span class="variable">$(python var.py tomcat_test)</span>&quot;</span></div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">case</span> <span class="string">&quot;<span class="variable">$1</span>&quot;</span> <span class="keyword">in</span></div><div class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;tomcat&quot;</span>)</div><div class="line">                deploy_tomcat;</div><div class="line">        ;;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">        *)</div><div class="line">                <span class="built_in">echo</span> <span class="string">&quot;error,please use nginx|tomcat|php&quot;</span>;</div><div class="line">        ;;</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">esac</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim var.py</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> sys</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> json</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C0F;&#x7684;python&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x7ED9;ansible&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x4F20;&#x53C2;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">with</span> open(<span class="string">&apos;var.json&apos;</span>) <span class="keyword">as</span> data_file:</div><div class="line">    var_json = json.load(data_file)</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#with open(&apos;share.json&apos;) as data_file:</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#    share_json = json.load(data_file)</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">sys.stdout.write(json.dumps(dict((var_json[sys.argv[<span class="number">1</span>]].items()))))</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim var.json</div><div class="line">{</div><div class="line">        <span class="string">&quot;tomcat_test&quot;</span>: {</div><div class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;app&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot;tomcat_test&quot;</span>,</div><div class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;context_path&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot;tomcat_test&quot;</span>,</div><div class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;http_port&quot;</span> : <span class="string">&quot;8092&quot;</span>,</div><div class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;https_port&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot;8099&quot;</span>,</div><div class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;admin_username&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot;admin&quot;</span>,</div><div class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;admin_password&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot;admin&quot;</span>,</div><div class="line">                <span class="string">&quot;templates&quot;</span>: [</div><div class="line">                        {</div><div class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;source&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot;tomcat_test/template/log4j.properties&quot;</span>,</div><div class="line">                        <span class="string">&quot;target&quot;</span>: <span class="string">&quot;tomcat_test/WEB-INF/classes/log4j.properties&quot;</span></div><div class="line">                        }</div><div class="line">                ]</div><div class="line">        }</div><div class="line">}</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C31;&#x5728;&#x7F51;&#x76D8;&#x91CC;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE6;&#x7EC6;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x548C;&#x6211;&#x6C9F;&#x901A;&#x3002;<br>&#x94FE;&#x63A5;&#xFF1A;<a href="http://pan.baidu.com/s/1miSIC1U" target="_blank" rel="external">http://pan.baidu.com/s/1miSIC1U</a> &#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#xFF1A;ynqv</p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;　在中小企业如果需要实现代码的自动化部署，99%以上公司不会开发什么自动化部署回滚平台的，这个时候就需要运维人员通过shell+ansible+jenkins来自动化部署我们的服务器了。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="自动化" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96/"/>
    
    
      <category term="ansible" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/ansible/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>字符串及其操作02</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/7687/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/7687/</id>
    <published>2017-06-05T03:11:38.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.406Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x3001;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x53CA;&#x5176;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="&#x5217;&#x8868;">&#x5217;&#x8868;</h4>

<ul>
<li>&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;</li>
<li>&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x7684;&#x5B58;&#x50A8;&#x6570;&#x636E;</li>
<li><strong>&#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x662F;Python&#x4E2D;&#x6700;&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x7684;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;</strong> &#x5E8F;&#x5217;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x90FD;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#x2013;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x6216;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;0&#xFF0C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E8C;&#x4E2A;&#x662F;1&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x6B64;&#x7C7B;&#x63A8;</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="/uploads/liebiao.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list() </div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528;list&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7A7A;&#x5217;&#x8868;</span></div><div class="line">l = []</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#x62EC;&#x53F7;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x7A7A;&#x5217;&#x8868;</span></div><div class="line">l = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E2D;&#x62EC;&#x53F7;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5E26;&#x521D;&#x59CB;&#x503C;&#x7684;&#x5217;&#x8868;</span></div><div class="line">l = list(rang(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F7F;&#x7528;list&#x51FD;&#x6570;&#x628A;&#x53EF;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x8F6C;&#x5316;&#x4E3A;&#x5217;&#x8868;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x589E;&#x5220;&#x6539;&#x67E5;">&#x589E;&#x5220;&#x6539;&#x67E5;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5217;&#x8868;">&#x67E5;&#x8BE2;&#xFF08;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF09;</h5><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lst = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">lst </div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</div><div class="line">lst[<span class="number">0</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="number">1</span></div><div class="line">lst[<span class="number">-1</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="number">9</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5F53;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x4E3A;&#x8D1F;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x53F3;&#x8FB9;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x4ECE;-1&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="index">index</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = [<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;b&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;c&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;d&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;e&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">l </div><div class="line">[<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;b&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;c&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;d&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;e&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">l.index(<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># index &#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x503C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="number">0</span></div><div class="line">l.index(<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">4</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">0</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4ECE;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;0&#x4F4D;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5230;&#x7B2C;4&#x4F4D;&#x627E; a&#x7684;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;</span></div><div class="line">l.index(<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, <span class="number">2</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4ECE;&#x7B2C;2&#x4E2A;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#xFF0C;&#x5230;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x7ED3;&#x675F;&#x627E; &apos;a&apos;&#x7684;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="count">count</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l.count(<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">1</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># count &#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x5728;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x4E2A;&#x6570;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x4FEE;&#x6539;">&#x4FEE;&#x6539;</h5><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l[<span class="number">2</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="number">3</span></div><div class="line">l[<span class="number">2</span>] = <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span></div><div class="line">l[<span class="number">2</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x589E;&#x52A0;">&#x589E;&#x52A0;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="append">append</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">l.append(<span class="string">&apos;python&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="string">&apos;python&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FFD;&#x52A0;, append &#x662F;&#x539F;&#x5730;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;list, &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;&#x662F;None</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="insert">insert</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l.insert(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5728;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;1&#x4F4D;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&apos;ch&apos;</span></div><div class="line">l </div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="string">&apos;python&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">l.insert(<span class="number">100</span>,<span class="string">&apos;error&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">l.insert(<span class="number">-100</span>,<span class="string">&apos;error&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="string">&apos;error&apos;</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="string">&apos;python&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;error&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># list.insert &#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x8D8A;&#x754C;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5F80;&#x6700;&#x5DE6;&#x6216;&#x6700;&#x53F3;&#x63D2;&#x5165;&#x8BE5;&#x503C;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<ul>
<li>append&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5355;&#x4E2A;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8FFD;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x5230;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x9700;&#x5173;&#x5FC3;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x6B64;&#x4ED6;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x5EA6;&#x662F;O(1)</li>
<li>insert&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5355;&#x4E2A;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x904D;&#x5386;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF0C;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x5EA6;&#x662F;O(n)</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h6 id="extend">extend</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = [<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">l.append([<span class="string">&apos;b&apos;</span>,<span class="string">&apos;b2&apos;</span>])</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, [<span class="string">&apos;b&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;b2&apos;</span>]]</div><div class="line">l.extend([<span class="string">&apos;c&apos;</span>,<span class="string">&apos;c2&apos;</span>])</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5C06;&#x53EF;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x4E22;&#x8FDB;&#x53BB;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x4F9D;&#x6B21;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x904D;&#x5386;</span></div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;a&apos;</span>, [<span class="string">&apos;b&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;b2&apos;</span>], <span class="string">&apos;c&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;c2&apos;</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l.clear()</div><div class="line">l = [<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>]</div><div class="line">l + [<span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5BF9;list&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x76F8;&#x52A0;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x662F;&#x76F8;&#x52A0;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;list&#x672C;&#x8EAB;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;</span></div><div class="line">new_1 = l + [<span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line">new_l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5220;&#x9664;">&#x5220;&#x9664;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="remove">remove</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">l.remove(<span class="number">4</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># remove &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;None&#xFF0C;&#x539F;&#x5730;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;list</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5220;&#x9664;&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x5DE6;&#x5F80;&#x53F3;&#x4F9D;&#x6B21;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x503C;</span></div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="pop">pop</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</div><div class="line">l.pop()</div><div class="line"><span class="number">9</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5220;&#x9664;&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5143;&#x7D20;,&#x4E0D;&#x4F20;&#x9012;index&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x5EA6;&#x662F;O&#xFF08;1&#xFF09;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4F20;&#x9012;index&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x5EA6;&#x662F;O(n)</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># pop &#x5220;&#x9664;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x8BE5;&#x5143;&#x7D20;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="clear">clear</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">l.clear()</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;">&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="len">len</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">len(l)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">9</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># len &#x7528;&#x6765;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;list&#x7684;&#x957F;&#x5EA6;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="reverse">reverse</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">l.reverse()</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x53CD;&#x8F6C;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;None,&#x539F;&#x5730;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x5217;&#x8868;</span></div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="number">9</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">1</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="sort">sort</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">8</span>]</div><div class="line">l.sort()</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5BF9;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6392;&#x5E8F;&#xFF0C;&#x539F;&#x5730;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x5217;&#x8868;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;None</span></div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>]</div><div class="line">l.sort(reverse=<span class="keyword">True</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5E26;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x53CD;&#x8F6C;</span></div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">1</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="list&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;">list&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x6D45;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;">&#x6D45;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">l2 = l</div><div class="line">l2[<span class="number">2</span>] = <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span></div><div class="line">l2 </div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x65F6;&#x5F15;&#x7528;&#x4F20;&#x9012;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x53EB;&#x6D45;&#x590D;&#x5236;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5F71;&#x5B50;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;">&#x5F71;&#x5B50;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = list(range(<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">10</span>))</div><div class="line">l3 = l.copy()</div><div class="line">l3[<span class="number">2</span>] = <span class="string">&apos;test&apos;</span></div><div class="line">l3</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">&apos;test&apos;</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">5</span>, <span class="number">6</span>, <span class="number">7</span>, <span class="number">8</span>, <span class="number">9</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF0C;&#x5F71;&#x5B50;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;&#x4E0D;&#x9002;&#x7528;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = [<span class="number">1</span>, [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>], <span class="number">4</span>]</div><div class="line">l4 = l.copy()</div><div class="line">l4[<span class="number">1</span>][<span class="number">0</span>] = <span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span></div><div class="line">l4</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, [<span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>, <span class="number">3</span>], <span class="number">4</span>]</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, [<span class="string">&apos;ch&apos;</span>, <span class="number">3</span>], <span class="number">4</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x6DF1;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;">&#x6DF1;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> copy</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5F15;&#x5165;copy&#x6A21;&#x5757;&#xFF0C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6DF1;&#x62F7;&#x8D1D;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">l = [<span class="number">1</span>, [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>], <span class="number">4</span>]</div><div class="line">l5 = copy.deepcopy(l)</div><div class="line">l5[<span class="number">1</span>][<span class="number">0</span>] = <span class="string">&apos;test&apos;</span></div><div class="line">l5</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, [<span class="string">&apos;test&apos;</span>, <span class="number">3</span>], <span class="number">4</span>]</div><div class="line">l</div><div class="line">[<span class="number">1</span>, [<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">3</span>], <span class="number">4</span>]</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x53CA;&#x5176;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;">&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x53CA;&#x5176;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;</h4><br><img src="/uploads/zhifu.png" class="blockquote-center"><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;">&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;</h5><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;hello world&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&quot;papapa&quot;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5355;/&#x53CC;&#x5F15;&#x53F7;&#x53EA;&#x80FD;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x5355;&#x884C;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;</span></div><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;&apos;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x60F3;&#x8981;&#x8868;&#x8FBE;&#x7684;&#x662F;</div><div class="line">miracle young &#x8001;&#x5E08;&#x771F;&#x68D2;</div><div class="line">&#x771F;&#x7684;&#x5389;&#x5BB3;</div><div class="line">&#x6211;</div><div class="line">&#x5F88;&#x6EE1;&#x610F;</div><div class="line">&apos;&apos;&apos;</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4E09;&#x5F15;&#x53F7;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x591A;&#x884C;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x8F6C;&#x4E49;&#x7B26;">&#x8F6C;&#x4E49;&#x7B26;</h5><br><img src="/uploads/zhuanyi.png" class="blockquote-center"><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x4E0B;&#x6807;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;">&#x4E0B;&#x6807;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;</h5><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;test python&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s[<span class="number">1</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;e&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s[<span class="number">1</span>] = <span class="string">&apos;h&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x53D8;&#x7684;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><strong>&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x53EA;&#x6709;list&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x53D8;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x53EF;&#x53D8;&#x7684;</strong></p>
<p>&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x662F;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x53EF;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> c <span class="keyword">in</span> s:</div><div class="line">     print(c)</div><div class="line">t</div><div class="line">e</div><div class="line">s</div><div class="line">t</div><div class="line"> </div><div class="line">p</div><div class="line">y</div><div class="line">t</div><div class="line">h</div><div class="line">o</div><div class="line">n</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;">&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x7684;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="join">join</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = <span class="string">&apos;i am chenhao&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>.join(l)</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;i   a m   c h e n h a o&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># join&#x5C06;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x53EF;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x62FC;&#x63A5;&#xFF0C;&#x62FC;&#x63A5;&#x7684;&#x95F4;&#x9694;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x7531;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x51B3;&#x5B9A;&#x3002;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x62FC;&#x63A5;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x62FC;&#x63A5;&#x6E90;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x3002;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5206;&#x5272;">&#x5206;&#x5272;</h6><p></p>
<p><h7>split</h7><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">l = <span class="string">&apos;i am chenhao&apos;</span></div><div class="line">l.split()</div><div class="line">[<span class="string">&apos;i&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;am&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;chenhao&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># split &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5207;&#x5272;&#xFF0C;&#x5F53;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x7684;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x5207;&#x5272;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#xFF0C;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x662F;&#x4EFB;&#x610F;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x3002;</span></div><div class="line">l.split(maxsplit=<span class="number">1</span>)</div><div class="line">[<span class="string">&apos;i&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;am chenhao&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x6700;&#x5927;&#x5207;&#x5272;&#x53EA;&#x4E3A;1&#x6B21;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><h7>rsplit</h7><br>&#x8DDF;split&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x4ECE;&#x53F3;&#x5F80;&#x5DE6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x5207;&#x5272;</p>
<p><h7>splitlines</h7><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;&apos;&apos;</span></div><div class="line">i am miracleYoung</div><div class="line">i love my wife</div><div class="line">&apos;&apos;&apos;</div><div class="line">s.splitlines() </div><div class="line">[<span class="string">&apos;i am miracleYoung&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;i love my wife&apos;</span>]</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x6309;&#x884C;&#x5206;&#x5272;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x4E0D;&#x5E26;&#x6362;&#x884C;&#x7B26;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;list&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p><h7>partition</h7><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;i am miracle young&apos;</span>.partition(<span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>) </div><div class="line">(<span class="string">&apos;i&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;am miracle young&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x603B;&#x662F;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E09;&#x5143;&#x7EC4;&#xFF0C;&#xFF08;&#x7531;3&#x4E2A;&#x5143;&#x7D20;&#x6784;&#x6210;&#x7684;&#x5143;&#x7EC4;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x6309;&#x7167;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x9694;&#x7B26;&#x5206;&#x5272;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#xFF0C;&#x5F97;&#x5230;head&#xFF0C;tail&#xFF0C;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x662F;head&#xFF0C;sep&#xFF0C;tail</span></div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;i am miracle young&apos;</span>.rpartition(<span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>) </div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4ECE;&#x53F3;&#x5F80;&#x5DE6;&#x5339;&#x914D;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x5206;&#x9694;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;">&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;tEsT&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.upper() </div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;TEST&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5927;&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x4E0D;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x539F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s.lower()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;test&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;&#x7684;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x4E0D;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x539F;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s.casefold()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;test&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5FFD;&#x7565;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s.swapcase()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;TeSt&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;&#x4E92;&#x6362;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x6392;&#x7248;">&#x6392;&#x7248;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;i am TesT UnIVersity&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.title()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;I Am Test University&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5BF9;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;&#x5F00;&#x5934;&#x7684;&#x9996;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x5927;&#x5199;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x4E00;&#x5F8B;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s.capitalize()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;I am test university&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5BF9;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9996;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x5927;&#x5199;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s.center(<span class="number">100</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x586B;&#x5145;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x4FEE;&#x6539;">&#x4FEE;&#x6539;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="replace">replace</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;i love miracle young&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.replace(<span class="string">&apos;love&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;give up&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># replace &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;new &#x66FF;&#x6362;old</span></div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;i give up miracle young&apos;</span></div><div class="line">ss = <span class="string">&apos;i am very very very love miracle young&apos;</span></div><div class="line">ss.replace(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;not&apos;</span>) </div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># replace &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x591A;&#x5C11;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;i am not not not love miracle young&apos;</span></div><div class="line">ss.replace(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;not&apos;</span>, <span class="number">2</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;i am not not very love miracle young&apos;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="strip">strip</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;    hahah     hahah    &apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.strip()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;hahah     hahah&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># strip &#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x79FB;&#x51FA;&#x540E;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E14;&#x4E0D;&#x5BF9;&#x539F;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;</span></div><div class="line">s.lstrip()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;hahah     hahah    &apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># lstrip &#x53EA;&#x79FB;&#x51FA;&#x5DE6;&#x8FB9;&#x7684;</span></div><div class="line">s.rstrip()</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;    hahah     hahah&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># rstrip &#x53EA;&#x79FB;&#x51FA;&#x53F3;&#x8FB9;&#x7684;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="ljust">ljust</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;test&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.ljust(<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="string">&quot;#&quot;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;test######&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4ECE;&#x5DE6;&#x8FB9;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8865;&#x4F4D;</span></div><div class="line">s.rjust(<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="string">&apos;#&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;######test&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4ECE;&#x53F3;&#x8FB9;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x8865;&#x4F4D;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;Mysql begin to install ...&apos;</span>.center(<span class="number">100</span>, <span class="string">&apos;#&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;#####################################Mysql begin to install ...#####################################&apos;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x67E5;&#x627E;">&#x67E5;&#x627E;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="find">find</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;i love ch&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.find(<span class="string">&apos;lve&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">-1</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x4E0D;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF0C;-1</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;i very very love python&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.find(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">2</span></div><div class="line">s.find(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>, <span class="number">3</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">7</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s.rfind(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>, <span class="number">6</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x4ECE;&#x53F3;&#x8FB9;&#x5F00;&#x59CB;&#x627E;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="number">7</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">s.rfind(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">11</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">7</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="index">index</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;i very very love python&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.index(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">2</span></div><div class="line">s.index(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>, <span class="number">0</span>, <span class="number">11</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">2</span></div><div class="line">s.index(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>, <span class="number">4</span>, <span class="number">7</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># index&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x4E0D;&#x5230;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#x4F1A;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;ValueError</span></div><div class="line">s.rindex(<span class="string">&apos;very&apos;</span>)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="count">count</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s.count(<span class="string">&apos;v&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">3</span></div><div class="line">s</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;i very very love python&apos;</span></div><div class="line">s.count(<span class="string">&apos;v&apos;</span>, <span class="number">3</span>, <span class="number">8</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="number">1</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="startswith">startswith</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div><div class="line">39</div><div class="line">40</div><div class="line">41</div><div class="line">42</div><div class="line">43</div><div class="line">44</div><div class="line">45</div><div class="line">46</div><div class="line">47</div><div class="line">48</div><div class="line">49</div><div class="line">50</div><div class="line">51</div><div class="line">52</div><div class="line">53</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">s = <span class="string">&apos;i very very love python&apos;</span></div><div class="line">list(enumerate(s))</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># enumerate &#xFF0C;&#x89E3;&#x6784;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x6BCF;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x7684;&#x4F4D;&#x7F6E;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;</span></div><div class="line">[(<span class="number">0</span>, <span class="string">&apos;i&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">1</span>, <span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">2</span>, <span class="string">&apos;v&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">3</span>, <span class="string">&apos;e&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">4</span>, <span class="string">&apos;r&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">5</span>, <span class="string">&apos;y&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">6</span>, <span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">7</span>, <span class="string">&apos;v&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">8</span>, <span class="string">&apos;e&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">9</span>, <span class="string">&apos;r&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">10</span>, <span class="string">&apos;y&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">11</span>, <span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">12</span>, <span class="string">&apos;l&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">13</span>, <span class="string">&apos;o&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">14</span>, <span class="string">&apos;v&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">15</span>, <span class="string">&apos;e&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">16</span>, <span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">17</span>, <span class="string">&apos;p&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">18</span>, <span class="string">&apos;y&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">19</span>, <span class="string">&apos;t&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">20</span>, <span class="string">&apos;h&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">21</span>, <span class="string">&apos;o&apos;</span>),</div><div class="line"> (<span class="number">22</span>, <span class="string">&apos;n&apos;</span>)]</div><div class="line">s.startswith(<span class="string">&apos;i&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">True</span></div><div class="line">s.startswith(<span class="string">&apos;v&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">False</span></div><div class="line">s.startswith(<span class="string">&apos;v&apos;</span>, <span class="number">2</span>, <span class="number">7</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">True</span></div><div class="line">s.endswith(<span class="string">&apos;n&apos;</span>)</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">True</span></div><div class="line">s.isalnum()</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x7A7A;&#x683C;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">False</span></div><div class="line">s.replace(<span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>,<span class="string">&apos;&apos;</span>).isalnum()</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">True</span></div><div class="line">s.isdecimal()</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x6570;&#x5B57;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">False</span></div><div class="line">s.replace(<span class="string">&apos; &apos;</span>, <span class="string">&apos;_&apos;</span>).isidentifier()</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">True</span></div><div class="line"><span class="string">&apos;a_1&apos;</span>.isidentifier()</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5305;&#x542B;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#xFF0C;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0B;&#x5212;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x5F00;&#x5934;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x4E3A;&#x6570;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x5EA6;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">True</span></div><div class="line">s.istitle()</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x9996;&#x5B57;&#x6BCD;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5927;&#x5199;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">False</span></div><div class="line">s.islower()</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x4E3A;&#x5C0F;&#x5199;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">True</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;列表、字符串及其一些简单操作&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="python学习" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/python%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/"/>
    
    
      <category term="python基础" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/python%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>常量变量-运算符-程序结构01</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/59170/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/59170/</id>
    <published>2017-06-05T02:30:36.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.408Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>Python &#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x8BED;&#x6CD5;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;">&#x5E38;&#x91CF;/&#x53D8;&#x91CF;</h4>

<ul>
<li>&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#xFF1A;&#x4E00;&#x65E6;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x518D;&#x6539;&#x53D8;&#x5979;&#x7684;&#x503C;&#x3002;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x5BF9;&#x4ED6;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;</li>
<li>&#x5B57;&#x9762;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#xFF1A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5355;&#x72EC;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x672A;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x7ED9;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x7684;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#xFF1A;&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x7684;&#x5DE6;&#x8FB9;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x540D;&#x5B57;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x6307;&#x4EE3;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;&#x53F3;&#x8FB9;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x3002;</li>
<li><strong>python&#x4E0D;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x5E38;&#x91CF;</strong></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;">&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</h4>

<ul>
<li>python &#x662F;&#x5F3A;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00; &#x2014;&gt; &#x5F31;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</li>
<li>python &#x662F;&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x8BED;&#x8A00; &#x2014;&gt; &#x9759;&#x6001;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;</li>
<li>&#x5F3A;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#xFF1A;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x76F8;&#x4E92;&#x8BA1;&#x7B97;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4F1A;&#x505A;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;&#x8F6C;&#x6362;</li>
<li>&#x52A8;&#x6001;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#xFF1A;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x4E3A;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</li>
<li><strong>&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x5373;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;</strong></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;">&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</h4>

<ul>
<li>int&#xFF08;&#x6574;&#x6570;&#xFF09;&#x3001;float&#xFF08;&#x6D6E;&#x70B9;&#xFF09;&#x3001;bool&#xFF08;&#x5E03;&#x5C14;&#xFF09;&#x3001;str&#xFF08;&#x5B57;&#x7B26;&#x4E32;&#xFF09;&#x3001;None</li>
<li>python2&#x4E2D;&#x533A;&#x5206;&#x6574;&#x5F62;&#x548C;&#x957F;&#x6574;&#x578B;&#xFF0C;python3&#x4E0D;&#x533A;&#x5206;</li>
<li>&#x6D6E;&#x70B9;&#x6570;&#x5B58;&#x5728;&#x635F;&#x5931;&#x7CBE;&#x5EA6;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;">&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x53F7;</h4>

<ul>
<li>+&#x3001;-&#x3001;<em>&#x3001;/&#x3001;//&#x3001;*</em> &#x3001;%</li>
<li><strong> : &#x6C42;&#x5E42;&#xFF0C;2 </strong> 3&#xFF0C;2&#x7684;3&#x6B21;&#x5E42;</li>
<li>% :&#x3000;&#x53D6;&#x6A21;&#xFF0C;&#xFF12; % &#xFF13;&#xFF0C;&#x4F59;&#xFF12;</li>
<li><strong>python3 &#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x7136;&#x9664;&#xFF0C;python2&#x662F;&#x6574;&#x9664;</strong></li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;">&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;</h4>

<ul>
<li>&gt;,&lt;,==,!=,&gt;=,&lt;=</li>
<li>&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;&#x7684;&#x8FD4;&#x56DE;&#x503C;&#xFF1A;bool&#x7C7B;&#x578B;</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;">&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;</h4>

<ul>
<li>and&#xFF0C;or&#xFF0C;not</li>
<li>False and &#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x90FD;&#x662F;False</li>
<li>True or &#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x90FD;&#x662F;True</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;">&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;</h4>

<ul>
<li>in&#x3001; not in </li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;">&#x8EAB;&#x4EFD;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;</h4>

<ul>
<li>is&#x3001; in not</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x4F4D;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;">&#x4F4D;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;</h4>

<ul>
<li>&lt;&lt;&#x3001; &gt;&gt;&#x3001; &amp;&#x3001; |&#x3001; ^</li>
</ul>
<h4 id="&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;">&#x8D4B;&#x503C;&#x8FD0;&#x7B97;&#x7B26;</h4>

<ul>
<li>i +=3</li>
<li>i *=3</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;">&#x7A0B;&#x5E8F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x6267;&#x884C;">&#x987A;&#x5E8F;&#x6267;&#x884C;</h5><br>&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;<br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">i = <span class="number">3</span></div><div class="line">print(i)</div><div class="line">i += <span class="number">5</span></div><div class="line">print(i)</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;">&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x5355;&#x5206;&#x652F;">&#x5355;&#x5206;&#x652F;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&#x5F00;&#x59CB;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span> &#x6761;&#x4EF6;:</div><div class="line">         &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;</div><div class="line">&#x7ED3;&#x675F;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="&#x53CC;&#x5206;&#x652F;">&#x53CC;&#x5206;&#x652F;</h6><p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#x53CC;&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x89E3;&#x6784;&#x6C38;&#x8FDC;&#x53EA;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6761;&#x4EF6;&#x4F1A;&#x88AB;&#x6267;&#x884C;</li>
</ul>
<figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&#x5F00;&#x59CB;</div><div class="line">     <span class="keyword">if</span> &#x6761;&#x4EF6;<span class="number">1</span>:</div><div class="line">         &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;<span class="number">1</span></div><div class="line">     <span class="keyword">elif</span> &#x6761;&#x4EF6;<span class="number">2</span>&#xFF1A;</div><div class="line">         &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;<span class="number">2</span></div><div class="line">     ......</div><div class="line">     <span class="keyword">else</span>:</div><div class="line">         &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;<span class="number">3</span></div><div class="line">&#x7ED3;&#x675F;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;">&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;</h5><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="while&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;">while&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&#x5F00;&#x59CB;</div><div class="line">    <span class="keyword">while</span> &#x6761;&#x4EF6;:</div><div class="line">         &#x64CD;&#x4F5C; </div><div class="line">&#x7ED3;&#x675F;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h6 id="for-&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;">for &#x5FAA;&#x73AF;</h6><br><figure class="highlight python"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&#x5F00;&#x59CB;</div><div class="line">     <span class="keyword">for</span> &#x5143;&#x7D20; <span class="keyword">in</span> &#x53EF;&#x8FED;&#x4EE3;&#x5BF9;&#x8C61;&#xFF1B;</div><div class="line">         &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;<span class="number">1</span></div><div class="line">     <span class="keyword">else</span>:</div><div class="line">         &#x64CD;&#x4F5C;<span class="number">2</span> </div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5F53;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x63D0;&#x524D;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F1A;&#x6267;&#x884C;else&#x5B50;&#x53E5;		 </span></div><div class="line">&#x7ED3;&#x675F;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<ul>
<li>for&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;break&#x4EE3;&#x8868;&#x9000;&#x51FA;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x540E;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x8BED;&#x53E5;</li>
<li>for&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;continue&#x4EE3;&#x8868;&#x8DF3;&#x8FC7;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x4E0B;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;</li>
<li>&#x65E0;&#x8BBA;&#x662F;break&#x8FD8;&#x662F;continue&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x9488;&#x5BF9;&#x6700;&#x8FD1;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;for&#x5FAA;&#x73AF;&#x4F53;</li>
</ul>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Python 基础语法&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="python学习" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/python%E5%AD%A6%E4%B9%A0/"/>
    
    
      <category term="python基础" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/python%E5%9F%BA%E7%A1%80/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>jenkins部署及构建方式</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/14557/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/14557/</id>
    <published>2017-06-02T05:08:19.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.366Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>jenkins&#x662F;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;java&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x79CD;&#x6301;&#x7EED;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x5B83;&#x7684;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4F9D;&#x9760;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x4E5F;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x8BF4;&#x4F60;&#x60F3;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x529F;&#x80FD;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x5C31;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;&#x5728;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x4E2D;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;jenkins&#x7684;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x597D;&#x5904;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x5728;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x3001;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x90FD;&#x65E0;&#x987B;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x662F;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#xFF0C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x767B;&#x5F55;jenkins&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7684;tag&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x8FC7;&#x7A0B;&#x65E0;&#x987B;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x53C2;&#x4E0E;&#xFF0C;&#x4ECE;&#x800C;&#x89E3;&#x653E;&#x8FD0;&#x7EF4;&#x52B3;&#x52A8;&#x529B;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h3 id="jenkins&#x5B89;&#x88C5;"> jenkins&#x5B89;&#x88C5;</h3><p></p>
<h4 id="&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x51C6;&#x5907;">&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x51C6;&#x5907;</h4><br>1. Centos 7.1  &#x5DF2;&#x5173;&#x95ED; iptables&#x3001;selinux<br>2. Java JDK 1.8<br>3. gitlab&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#xFF1A; <a href="http://chen-hao.com.cn/%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA%E5%86%85%E7%BD%91gitlab%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93.html#more" target="_blank" rel="external">&#x642D;&#x5EFA;&#x5185;&#x7F51;gitlab&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;</a><br><br><h4 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;jenkins">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;jenkins</h4><br>&#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://www.jenkins.io" target="_blank" rel="external">https://www.jenkins.io</a><br><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /etc/yum.repos.d/</div><div class="line">wget http://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.repo</div><div class="line">rpm --import http://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat/jenkins.io.key</div><div class="line">yum install -y jenkins</div><div class="line">systemctl start jenkins</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br><h4 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;jenkins">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;jenkins</h4><br>&#x5728;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x8F93;&#x5165; <a href="http://IP:8080/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://IP:8080/</a>        &#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;jenkins<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins1.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x9996;&#x6B21;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x89E3;&#x9501;jenkins&#xFF0C;&#x628A;/var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x5230;administrator password&#x4E0B;&#x65B9;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;<br><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins2.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB;&#x7B2C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x4E45;&#xFF0C;&#x8010;&#x5FC3;&#x7B49;&#x5F85;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins3.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0B;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x90AE;&#x7BB1;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins7.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><br><h4 id="&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;">&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;</h4><br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x3011; &#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5FC5;&#x8981;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins8.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x8BF4;&#x660E;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x6211;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;:<br><br>ssh &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;: SSH plugin<br>Android &#x4E13;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;Gradle plugin (&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#xFF09;<br>Git &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF1A;Git plugin&#x3001;Git client plugin<br>Gitlab &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF1A;GitLab Plugin &#x548C; Gitlab Hook Plugin&#x3001;GitLab Logo Plugin<br>sonar &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF1A;SonarQube Plugin&#x3001;Sonargraph Integration Jenkins Plugin&#x3001;Sonargraph Plugin<br>Parameter &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;: Git Parameter Plug-In&#xFF08;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x7ED9;git&#x4F20;&#x53C2;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x9009;&#x62E9;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x54EA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5206;&#x652F;&#xFF09;<br>Maven &#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF1A; Maven Integration plugin&#xFF08;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;maven&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#xFF09;<br><br><br><h4 id="&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;jenkins&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;jenkins&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h4><br>&#x5927;&#x5BB6;&#x90FD;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#xFF0C;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5929;&#x671D;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x539F;&#x56E0;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x6709;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E0D;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5C31;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x4E0A;&#x4F20;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x4E86;&#x3002;<br><br>&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A; <a href="http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/download/plugins/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://updates.jenkins-ci.org/download/plugins/</a><br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;&#x9AD8;&#x7EA7;&#x3011;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins4.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><br><h4 id="jenkins&#x90AE;&#x7BB1;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">jenkins&#x90AE;&#x7BB1;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h4><br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3011;&#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;Jenkins Location&#x3011;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins5.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x518D;&#x5728;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x627E;&#x5230; &#x3010;&#x90AE;&#x4EF6;&#x901A;&#x77E5;&#x3011;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0B;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins6.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><br><h4 id="&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="comment"># ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096</span></div><div class="line">Generating public/private rsa key pair.</div><div class="line">Enter file <span class="keyword">in</span> <span class="built_in">which</span> to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): </div><div class="line">Created directory <span class="string">&apos;/root/.ssh&apos;</span>.</div><div class="line">Enter passphrase (empty <span class="keyword">for</span> no passphrase): </div><div class="line">Enter same passphrase again: </div><div class="line">Your identification has been saved <span class="keyword">in</span> /root/.ssh/id_rsa.</div><div class="line">Your public key has been saved <span class="keyword">in</span> /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub.</div><div class="line">The key fingerprint is:</div><div class="line">df:2e:3c:f3:3f:7d:ff:f8:5f:26:46:82:42:fb:a5:34 root@zhmysql1</div><div class="line">The key<span class="string">&apos;s randomart image is:</span></div><div class="line">+--[ RSA 4096]----+</div><div class="line">|                 |</div><div class="line">|                 |</div><div class="line">|        .        |</div><div class="line">|       . . .     |</div><div class="line">|        S E o .  |</div><div class="line">|         = = o   |</div><div class="line">|         .+ . o.o|</div><div class="line">|          =. ..++|</div><div class="line">|           =o.ooX|</div><div class="line">+-----------------+</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins9.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins10.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x5728;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7684;gitlab&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7684;&#x516C;&#x94A5;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E0B;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins11.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><br><h4 id="&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h4>

<p>&#x70B9;&#x51FB; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;Global Tool Configuration&#x3011;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins12.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins13.png" class="blockquote-center"></p>
<p></p><h3 id="jenkins&#x6784;&#x5EFA;">jenkins&#x6784;&#x5EFA;</h3><br>&#x5C31;&#x76EE;&#x524D;&#x6240;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;jenkins&#x6709;3&#x79CD;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;:<p></p>
<ol>
<li>jenkins&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x9884;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;push&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5408;&#x5E76;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5230;gitlab&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x7684;master&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x800C;&#x662F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x5230;jenkins&#x7684;web&#x754C;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x70B9;&#x51FB;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x6309;&#x94AE;&#xFF0C;&#x4F20;&#x5165;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;tag&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7684;&#x5206;&#x652F;&#xFF09;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x624D;&#x4F1A;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x3002;</li>
<li>jenkins&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5F0F;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;push&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x5408;&#x5E76;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5230;gitlab&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x7684;master&#x5206;&#x652F;&#xFF0C;jenkins&#x5C31;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5230;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x3002;</li>
<li>jenkins&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#xFF1A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;APP&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x7684;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x4E0A;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x767B;&#x5F55;jenkins&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x4F20;&#x5165;tag&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E0D;&#x624B;&#x52A8;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;jenkins&#x5C31;&#x6BCF;&#x5929;&#x51CC;&#x6668;&#x4ECE;gitlab&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;APP&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x3002;</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;">&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;</h4><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5148;&#x65B0;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9879;&#x76EE;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins17.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins14.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins15.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins16.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins18.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x57FA;&#x672C;&#x4E0A;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x5C31;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5B8C;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x63A5;&#x4E0B;&#x6765;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x770B;&#x4E0B;&#x6548;&#x679C;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins19.gif" class="blockquote-center"><p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5F0F;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;">&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5F0F;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;</h4><br>&#x5373;gitlab&#x6709;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8BA4;&#x8BC1;&#x7684;token&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;gitlab&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; JENKINS_URL/job/new_cms/build?token=TOKEN_NAME&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins20.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x3011; &#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x7528;&#x6237;Token<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins21.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5668;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x4EE4;&#x724C;&#x548C;&#x7528;&#x6237;id+token&#x4F1A;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4E0B;&#x9762;&#x7684;url&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;URL&#x5730;&#x5740;jenkins&#x5C31;&#x4F1A;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3002;<br><a href="http://admin:fd27d8b8a7c707df89f9574b18980dc5@42.159.244.183:8080/job/test/build?token=test" target="_blank" rel="external">http://admin:fd27d8b8a7c707df89f9574b18980dc5@42.159.244.183:8080/job/test/build?token=test</a><p></p>
<p>gitlab&#x914D;&#x7F6E;webhooks&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x6B21;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5C31;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;url&#xFF0C;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins22.png" class="blockquote-center"></p>
<p>&#x5728;jenkins&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x5728;jenkins&#x5168;&#x5C40;&#x5B89;&#x5168;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x4E2D;&#x53D6;&#x6D88;&#x52FE;&#x9009;&#x201C;&#x9632;&#x6B62;&#x8DE8;&#x7AD9;&#x70B9;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4F2A;&#x9020;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x7136;jenkins&#x4F1A;&#x8BA4;&#x4E3A;gitlab&#x7684;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x4E0D;&#x5408;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;<br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;Configure Global Security&#x3011;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins23.png" class="blockquote-center"></p>
<p>&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#xFF1A;&#x70B9;&#x51FB;test&#x6A21;&#x62DF;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x4F1A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins24.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/jenkins25.gif" class="blockquote-center"></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;">&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;</h4><br>&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x7528;&#x5728;&#x5B89;&#x5353;,ios&#x6253;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x5929;&#x51CC;&#x6668;&#x4F1A;&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x5B89;&#x5353;,ios&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x63A8;&#x9001;&#x5230;&#x5171;&#x4EAB;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p>&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#xFF1A;&#x5728;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x793A;&#x4F8B;&#x4E0A;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x89E6;&#x53D1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6BCF;&#x5929;&#x51CC;&#x6668;1:30&#x5206;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5B89;&#x5353;&#x6216;ios&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x7684;&#x53C2;&#x6570;&#x5316;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x503C;&#x662F;master&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x6BCF;&#x5929;&#x4ECE;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x7684;master&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x62C9;&#x53D6;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x3002;<br><img src="/uploads/jenkins26.png" class="blockquote-center"></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;jenkins是基于java开发的一种持续集成工具，它的工作完全就是依靠插件，也就是说你想使用什么功能，你就找到什么样的插件。在工作中部署jenkins的最大好处就是每次在开发、测试代码，都无须运维部署，而是相关的开发人员，测试人员登录jenkins传入需要部署的tag即可，整个部署过程无须运维参与，从而解放运维劳动力。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="自动化" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96/"/>
    
    
      <category term="jenkins" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/jenkins/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>jenkins+sonar 代码质量分析</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/2754/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/2754/</id>
    <published>2017-06-02T02:08:44.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.362Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<p>Sonar&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x5F00;&#x6E90;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#xFF0C;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x6E90;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4ECE;&#x4E03;&#x4E2A;&#x7EF4;&#x5EA6;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x3002;<br>&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x5F62;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x5305;&#x62EC;java,C#,C/C++,PL/SQL,Cobol,JavaScrip,Groovy&#x7B49;&#x7B49;&#x4E8C;&#x5341;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x7F16;&#x7A0B;&#x8BED;&#x8A00;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x4E0E;&#x68C0;&#x6D4B;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x524D;&#x51C6;&#x5907;">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x524D;&#x51C6;&#x5907;</h4><p></p>
<ol>
<li>Centos 7.1 &#xFF0C;&#x5DF2;&#x5173;&#x95ED; iptables&#x3001;selinux</li>
<li>&#x5185;&#x7F51;gitlab&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#xFF1A; <a href="http://chen-hao.com.cn/%E6%90%AD%E5%BB%BA%E5%86%85%E7%BD%91gitlab%E4%BB%93%E5%BA%93.html#more" target="_blank" rel="external">&#x642D;&#x5EFA;&#x5185;&#x7F51;gitlab&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;</a></li>
<li>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;JDK1.8&#xFF08;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C31;&#x6682;&#x4E0D;&#x6F14;&#x793A;&#xFF09;</li>
<li>jenkins&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#xFF0C;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;: </li>
<li>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;MySQL&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#xFF08;&#x63A8;&#x8350;&#x7248;&#x672C;5.6+&#xFF09;</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="sonarqube-&#x5B89;&#x88C5;">sonarqube &#x5B89;&#x88C5;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5305;">&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5305;</h5><br>&#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://www.sonarqube.org/downloads/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://www.sonarqube.org/downloads/</a><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /tmp</div><div class="line">wget https://sonarsource.bintray.com/Distribution/sonarqube/sonarqube-5.6.6.zip</div><div class="line">mkdir /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar</div><div class="line">unzip /tmp/sonarqube-5.6.6.zip <span class="_">-d</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;sonar&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x811A;&#x672C;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;sonar&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x811A;&#x672C;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/init.d/sonar</div><div class="line"><span class="meta">#!/bin/sh</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># rc file for SonarQube</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># chkconfig: 345 96 10</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">### BEGIN INIT INFO</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Provides: sonar</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Required-Start: $network</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Required-Stop: $network</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Default-Start: 3 4 5</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Default-Stop: 0 1 2 6</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Short-Description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># Description: SonarQube system (www.sonarsource.org)</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">### END INIT INFO</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">/usr/bin/sonar $*</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">chmod +x /etc/init.d/sonar</div><div class="line">ln <span class="_">-s</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonarqube-5.6.6/bin/linux-x86-64/sonar.sh /usr/sbin/sonar</div><div class="line">chkconfig sonar on</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">CREATE DATABASE sonar CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_general_ci;</div><div class="line">GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON sonar.* TO <span class="string">&apos;sonar&apos;</span>@<span class="string">&apos;localhost&apos;</span> IDENTIFIED BY <span class="string">&apos;123456&apos;</span> WITH GRANT OPTION;</div><div class="line">GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON sonar.* TO <span class="string">&apos;sonar&apos;</span>@<span class="string">&apos;127.0.0.1&apos;</span> IDENTIFIED BY <span class="string">&apos;123456&apos;</span> WITH GRANT OPTION;</div><div class="line">FLUSH PRIVILEGES;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;sonar&#x53C2;&#x6570;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;sonar&#x53C2;&#x6570;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonarqube-5.6.6/conf</div><div class="line">cp sonar.properties{,.bak}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">vim sonar.properties</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.username=sonar</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.password=123456</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://10.204.220.4:3306/sonar?useUnicode=<span class="literal">true</span>&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;rewriteBatchedStatements=<span class="literal">true</span>&amp;useConfigs=maxPerformance</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x53EA;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x4E86;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0A;3&#x9879;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x8BF7;&#x53C2;&#x8003; https://docs.sonarqube.org/display/SONAR/Installing+the+Server</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;sonarqube-scanner">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;SonarQube Scanner</h5><br>&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://sonarsource.bintray.com/Distribution/sonar-scanner-cli/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://sonarsource.bintray.com/Distribution/sonar-scanner-cli/</a><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /tmp</div><div class="line">wget https://sonarsource.bintray.com/Distribution/sonar-scanner-cli/sonar-scanner-2.8.zip</div><div class="line">unzip sonar-scanner-2.8.zip <span class="_">-d</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/</div><div class="line">ln <span class="_">-s</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonar-scanner-2.8/bin/sonar-scanner /usr/bin/sonar-scanner</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonar-scanner-2.8/conf</div><div class="line">cp sonar-scanner.properties{,.bak}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">vim sonar-scanner.properties</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://10.204.220.4:3306/sonar?useUnicode=<span class="literal">true</span>&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;rewriteBatchedStatements=<span class="literal">true</span>&amp;useConfigs=maxPerformance</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.username=sonar</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.password=123456</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;sonarqube-runner">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;SonarQube runner</h5><br>&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A; <a href="http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/codehaus/sonar/runner/sonar-runner-dist/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/codehaus/sonar/runner/sonar-runner-dist/</a><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /tmp</div><div class="line">wget http://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/codehaus/sonar/runner/sonar-runner-dist/2.4/sonar-runner-dist-2.4.zip</div><div class="line">unzip /tmp/sonar-runner-dist-2.4.zip <span class="_">-d</span> /usr/bin/sonar</div><div class="line">ln <span class="_">-s</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonar-runner-2.4/bin/sonar-runner /usr/bin/sonar-runner</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonar-runner-2.4/conf</div><div class="line">cp sonar-runner.properties{,.bak}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">vim sonar-runner.properties</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://10.204.220.4:3306/sonar?useUnicode=<span class="literal">true</span>&amp;characterEncoding=utf8&amp;rewriteBatchedStatements=<span class="literal">true</span>&amp;useConfigs=maxPerformance</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.username=sonar</div><div class="line">sonar.jdbc.password=123456</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;">&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/profile.d/sonar.sh</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">export</span> SONAR_HOME=/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonarqube-5.6.6</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">export</span> SONAR_RUNNER_HOME=/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/sonar/sonar-runner-2.4</div><div class="line"><span class="built_in">export</span> PATH=<span class="variable">$SONAR_RUNNER_HOME</span>/bin:<span class="variable">$PATH</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">. /etc/profile.d/sonar.sh</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x542F;&#x52A8;sonar">&#x542F;&#x52A8;sonar</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">/usr/sbin/sonar start</div><div class="line">/usr/sbin/sonar status</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7B49; 2-3 &#x5206;&#x949F;, &#x9996;&#x6B21;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x7A0D;&#x7B49;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;</span></div><div class="line">ss -tanlp | grep 9000</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#x7528;&#x6D4F;&#x89C8;&#x5668;&#x767B;&#x5F55; <a href="http://IP:9000" target="_blank" rel="external">http://IP:9000</a> &#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x662F; admin admin<br><img src="/uploads/sonar1.png" class="blockquote-center"> </li>
</ul>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5FC5;&#x5907;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5FC5;&#x5907;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h5><br><img src="/uploads/sonar2.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x53BB;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x4E2D;&#x5FC3;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x5305;&#xFF0C;&#x70B9;&#x51FB;&#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><img src="/uploads/sonar3.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x7684;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF1A;</p>
<ol>
<li>chinese     &#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x652F;&#x6301;</li>
<li>php      php&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x652F;&#x6301;</li>
<li>Android     Android&#x652F;&#x6301;</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x91CD;&#x542F; sonarqube &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x6B21;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;  <a href="http://ip:9000/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://ip:9000/</a>    &#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x4E2D;&#x6587;&#x754C;&#x9762;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x96C6;&#x6210;jenkins&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">&#x96C6;&#x6210;jenkins&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h4><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;sonar-&#x4E2D;-token">&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;sonar &#x4E2D; token</h5><br>&#x7528; admin &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x767B;&#x9646; sonarQube&#xFF0C;&#x3010;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3011;&#x2013;&gt;&#x3010;&#x6743;&#x9650;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt;&#x3010;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x3011;<br><img src="/uploads/sonar4.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x8F93;&#x5165;admin,&#x5F97;&#x5230;token,&#x590D;&#x5236;&#x6B64;token<br><img src="/uploads/sonar5.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="jenkins&#x5B89;&#x88C5;sonar&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">jenkins&#x5B89;&#x88C5;sonar&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h5><br>&#x6253;&#x5F00;jenkins &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011;&#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#x3011;  &#x67E5;&#x627E; sonar &#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;<br><img src="/uploads/sonar6.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x6211;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x90FD;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x5C31;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x663E;&#x793A;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x5168;&#x90E8;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="jenkins&#x914D;&#x7F6E;sonar&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;">Jenkins&#x914D;&#x7F6E;Sonar&#x63D2;&#x4EF6;</h5><br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB;&#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;]&#x3011; &#x914D;&#x7F6E; Sonar&#xFF0C;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;<br><img src="/uploads/sonar7.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;-sonar-scanner&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#x5668;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E; Sonar Scanner&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#x5668;</h5><br>&#x70B9;&#x51FB;&#x3010;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x3011; &#x2013;&gt; &#x3010;Global Tool Configuration&#x3011;<br><img src="/uploads/sonar8.png" class="blockquote-center"> <p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x6574;&#x5408;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;">&#x6574;&#x5408;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;</h4><br>&#x5728;jenkins&#x4E2D;&#x65B0;&#x5EFA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#x7684;jenkins&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6BB5;&#x8BE6;&#x60C5;&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x6211;&#x7684;jenkins&#x90E8;&#x7F72;<br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x589E;&#x52A0;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x540E;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;<br><img src="/uploads/sonar9.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><img src="/uploads/sonar10.png" class="blockquote-center"><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sonar.projectKey=demo</div><div class="line">sonar.projectName=java demo</div><div class="line">sonar.projectVersion=1.0</div><div class="line">sonar.sources=./</div><div class="line">sonar.language=java</div><div class="line">sonar.dynamicAnalysis=<span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">sonar.sourceEncoding=UTF-8</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><img src="/uploads/sonar11.gif" class="blockquote-center"> </p>
<p>&#x57FA;&#x672C;jenkins &#x7ED3;&#x5408; sonar &#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;p&gt;Sonar是一个用于代码质量管理的开源平台，用于管理源代码的质量，可以从七个维度检测代码质量。&lt;br&gt;通过插件形式，可以支持包括java,C#,C/C++,PL/SQL,Cobol,JavaScrip,Groovy等等二十几种编程语言的代码质量管理与检测。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="自动化" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96/"/>
    
    
      <category term="sonar" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/sonar/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>搭建内网gitlab仓库</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/60168/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/60168/</id>
    <published>2017-06-01T07:22:55.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-20T09:05:22.412Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>GitLab &#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7528;&#x4E8E;&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x5F00;&#x6E90;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x3002;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;Git&#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x5E76;&#x5728;&#x6B64;&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x4E0A;&#x642D;&#x5EFA;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x7684;web&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x73AF;&#x5883;"> &#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x73AF;&#x5883; </h4><br><h5 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;"> &#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6; </h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum -y install curl policycoreutils openssh-server openssh-clients postfix</div><div class="line">systemctl <span class="built_in">enable</span> postfix</div><div class="line">systemctl start postfix</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br><h5 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;gitlab-yum&#x6E90;">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;gitlab yum&#x6E90;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/yum.repos.d/gitlab-ce.repo</div><div class="line">[gitlab-ce]</div><div class="line">name=gitlab-ce</div><div class="line">baseurl=http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/gitlab-ce/yum/el7</div><div class="line">repo_gpgcheck=0</div><div class="line">gpgcheck=0</div><div class="line">enabled=1</div><div class="line">gpgkey=https://packages.gitlab.com/gpg.key</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br><h4 id="&#x5B89;&#x88C5;gitlab-ce">&#x5B89;&#x88C5;gitlab-ce</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">yum -y install gitlab-ce</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br><h5 id="&#x914D;&#x7F6E;gitlab-ce">&#x914D;&#x7F6E;gitlab-ce</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">grep -v <span class="string">&quot;#&quot;</span> /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb | grep -v <span class="string">&quot;^$&quot;</span></div><div class="line">external_url <span class="string">&apos;http://42.159.144.159:9000&apos;</span></div><div class="line">unicorn[<span class="string">&apos;port&apos;</span>] = 9001</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;gitlab&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7684;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;</span></div><div class="line">unicorn[<span class="string">&apos;listen&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&apos;0.0.0.0&apos;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5B9A;&#x4E49;gitlab&#x7684;IP</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;gitlab_email_enabled&apos;</span>] = <span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_enable&apos;</span>] = <span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_address&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;smtp.mxhichina.com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_port&apos;</span>] = 25</div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_user_name&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;test@test.com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_password&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;password&quot;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_domain&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;smtp.mxhichina.com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_authentication&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;plain&quot;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;smtp_enable_starttls_auto&apos;</span>] = <span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;gitlab_email_from&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;test@test.com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">user[<span class="string">&apos;git_user_email&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;test@test.com&quot;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;manage_backup_path&apos;</span>] = <span class="literal">true</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x542F;&#x7528;gitlab&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x529F;&#x80FD;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;backup_path&apos;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;/data/gitlab_backup&quot;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># gitlab&#x7684;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;</span></div><div class="line">gitlab_rails[<span class="string">&apos;backup_keep_time&apos;</span>] = 2592000</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># gitlab&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x79D2;&#x4E3A;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x90AE;&#x7BB1;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x66FF;&#x6362;&#x4E3A;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br><h5 id="&#x8F7D;&#x5165;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5E76;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x670D;&#x52A1;">&#x8F7D;&#x5165;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5E76;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">gitlab-ctl reconfigure</div><div class="line">gitlab-ctl start</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><br><br>&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x5B8C;&#x6BD5;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7684;IP+port&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x9996;&#x6B21;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x9700;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;root&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x3002;<br><br><h4 id="&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x76F8;&#x5173;">&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x76F8;&#x5173;</h4>

<p></p><h5 id="&#x5907;&#x4EFD;">&#x5907;&#x4EFD;</h5><br>&#x5728; gitlab.rb &#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E2D;&#x5F00;&#x542F;gitlab&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;gitlab&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;<br>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x5305;&#x542B;&#x4E86;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x52A0;&#x5BC6;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x548C;&#x5BC6;&#x94A5;&#x53D8;&#x91CF;&#x3002;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4E0D;&#x80FD;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7684;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x5C31;&#x65E0;&#x6CD5;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;gitlab&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x6253;&#x5F00;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;http 500&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x3002;<br>&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x989D;&#x5916;&#x5199;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x6765;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;gitlab-secrets.json&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="meta">#!/bin/bash</span></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># gitlab &#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x811A;&#x672C;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">JSON_DIR=<span class="string">&apos;/data/gitlab_backup_json&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># gitlab&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;</span></div><div class="line">/bin/gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:create</div><div class="line"><span class="comment"># &#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5728; /etc/gitlab/gitlab.rb &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x4E2D;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"><span class="comment">#&#x5907;&#x4EFD; json,&#x5426;&#x5219;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5728;&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x5BC6;&#x7801;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x95EE;&#x9898;</span></div><div class="line">mkdir <span class="variable">$JSON_DIR</span>/`date +%F`</div><div class="line">cp /etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json <span class="variable">$JSON_DIR</span>/`date +%F`</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#x52A0;&#x5165;crontab&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x6BCF;&#x5929;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x6062;&#x590D;">&#x6062;&#x590D;</h5><br>&#x6062;&#x590D;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;<br>1.&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x53F7;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x5373;&#x53EF;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">gitlab-rake gitlab:backup:restore BACKUP=1470648720</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>2.&#x590D;&#x5236;gitlab-secrets.json&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5230;/etc/gitlab/gitlab-secrets.json&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x7136;&#x6253;&#x5F00;gitlab&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;500&#x9519;&#x8BEF;<br>3.&#x91CD;&#x542F;gitlab&#x670D;&#x52A1;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">gitlab-ctl restart</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;GitLab 是一个用于仓库管理系统的开源项目。使用Git作为代码管理工具，并在此基础上搭建起来的web服务。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="自动化" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96/"/>
    
    
      <category term="gitlab" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/gitlab/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>jenkins自动化部署</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/65280/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/65280/</id>
    <published>2017-06-01T07:06:47.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-07-25T05:59:11.832Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x672C;&#x6587;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x7EBF;&#x4E0A;&#x7684;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x7684;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;<br> <a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="/uploads/zidonghua.png" class="blockquote-center"></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;gitlab">&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;gitlab</h4><p></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x89C4;&#x8303;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#xFF0C;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x4E25;&#x683C;&#x4E0E; git &#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x3002;&#x5373;&#x4E00;&#x5207;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x5230; master&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x77ED;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x5185;&#x4E0A;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x53CD;&#x8FC7;&#x6765;&#xFF0C;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x662F;&#x5728; git &#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x91CC;&#x7684;&#x3002;</li>
<li>&#x5408;&#x7406;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; git &#x5206;&#x652F;&#x3002;master &#x5206;&#x652F;&#x8868;&#x793A;&#x5F53;&#x524D;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x5728;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x8C01;&#x90FD;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x662F;&#x6388;&#x6743;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5230; master&#x3002;&#x800C;&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x6839;&#x636E;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x7684;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x5468;&#x671F;&#xFF0C;&#x8BBE;&#x5B9A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A; &#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x7279;&#x6027; &#x5206;&#x652F;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x4EBA;&#x5458;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x5230;&#x5BF9;&#x5E94;&#x7684; &#x5F00;&#x53D1;&#x7279;&#x6027; &#x5206;&#x652F;&#x3002;<br>&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x65F6;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x628A;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x5230;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#xFF0C;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x4E0D;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x7EE7;&#x7EED;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x7279;&#x6027;&#x5206;&#x652F;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x5230;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x3002;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x9A8C;&#x6536;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;merge &#x5230; master &#x5206;&#x652F;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x628A; master &#x5206;&#x652F;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x5230;&#x9884;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#xFF0C;&#x9A8C;&#x6536;&#x901A;&#x8FC7;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06; master &#x5206;&#x652F;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x5230;&#x751F;&#x4EA7;&#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x3002;</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/60168/">&#x642D;&#x5EFA;&#x5185;&#x7F51;gitlab&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;</a></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;ansible">&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;ansible</h4><p></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x7684;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x4E3B;&#x8981;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x7684;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#xFF1A;java&#x3001;php</li>
<li>PHP&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x7684;&#x6548;&#x7387;&#x4E5F;&#x76F8;&#x5BF9;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#xFF0C;PHP&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x53D1;&#x5230;&#x7EBF;&#x4E0A;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#x590D;&#x6742;&#x7684;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x3001;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x548C;&#x542F;&#x505C;&#x52A8;&#x4F5C;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x83B7;&#x53D6;&#x5230;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;rsync&#x64CD;&#x4F5C;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;<br>&#x4F46;&#x662F;&#x5BF9;&#x4E8E;Java&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x6765;&#x8BF4;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x73AF;&#x8282;&#x5C31;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x8FD9;&#x4E48;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;Java&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;&#x5230;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x3001;&#x4E8C;&#x65B9;&#x5305;&#x3001;&#x4E09;&#x65B9;&#x5305;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x6253;&#x5305;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5C06;&#x8F6F;&#x4EF6;&#x5305;&#x53D1;&#x5E03;&#x5230;&#x5236;&#x5B9A;&#x7684;&#x673A;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#xFF0C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x8FD8;&#x8981;&#x91CD;&#x542F;Java&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF0C;&#x6700;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x624D;&#x80FD;&#x5F97;&#x4EE5;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x671F;&#x95F4;&#x8FD8;&#x4F1A;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x7684;&#x6CE8;&#x518C;&#x548C;&#x4E0B;&#x7EBF;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7B49;&#x7B49;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E9B;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x8003;&#x8651;&#x7684;&#x3002;</li>
</ol>
<p>&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#xFF1A;<a href="https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/52910/">ansible&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x811A;&#x672C;</a></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;maven">&#x9879;&#x76EE;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;maven</h4><br>java&#x548C;Android&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x90FD;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;jar&#x5305;&#x7684;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x5305;&#x5728;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x4F1A;&#x53BB;&#x4E2D;&#x592E;&#x4ED3;&#x5E93;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x4E5F;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x7684;jar&#x5305;&#x5B58;&#x653E;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x5C31;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5728;&#x4F01;&#x4E1A;&#x5185;&#x90E8;&#x6709;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x79C1;&#x670D;&#x4E86;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p>&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#xFF1A;<a href="http://www.fblinux.com/?p=455" target="_blank" rel="external">maven&#x4ECB;&#x7ECD;&#x53CA;&#x79C1;&#x670D;&#x642D;&#x5EFA;</a></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;jenkins">&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;jenkins</h4><br>jenkins&#x662F;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x6301;&#x7EED;&#x96C6;&#x6210;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF0C;&#x76F8;&#x5F53;&#x4E8E;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x76EE;&#x7684;&#x53EA;&#x662F;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x5199;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x7528;Ansible&#x3001;Salt&#x3001;Puppet&#x3001;Chef&#x3001;Fabric&#x7B49;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#x5C31;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x4F60;&#x662F;&#x60F3;&#x5728;job&#x4E2D;&#x52A0;&#x5165;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x8BDD;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x6D41;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x8BDD;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5148;&#x5199;&#x597D;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5316;&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x811A;&#x672C;&#x7136;&#x540E;&#x5728;jenkins&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x7684;Execute Shell&#x4E2D;&#x8C03;&#x7528;&#x76F8;&#x5E94;&#x7684;Script&#x3002;<p></p>
<p>&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;:    <a href="https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/14557/">jenkins&#x90E8;&#x7F72;&#x53CA;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;</a></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;sonarqube">&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;sonarqube</h4><br>&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x65E0;&#x975E;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x4EBA;&#x4E3A;cide review&#xFF0C;&#x548C;&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x65B9;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x626B;&#x63CF;&#x5DE5;&#x5177;&#xFF08;&#x5BA1;&#x6838;&#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x8FD8;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4EBA;&#x4E3A;&#x7684;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#xFF09;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6211;&#x662F;&#x901A;&#x8FC7; jenkins &#x7ED3;&#x5408; sonarqube&#x505A;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x5206;&#x6790;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p>&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x6587;&#x7AE0;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/2754/">jenkins+sonar &#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x8D28;&#x91CF;&#x5206;&#x6790;</a></p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;本文主要记录线上的自动化发布的流程&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="自动化" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96/"/>
    
    
      <category term="自动化" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/%E8%87%AA%E5%8A%A8%E5%8C%96/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>解决故障的处理思路</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/37696/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/37696/</id>
    <published>2017-01-17T03:45:15.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-08-07T01:37:32.199Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x5728;&#x6709;&#x90A3;&#x4E48;&#x4E00;&#x77AC;&#x95F4;&#xFF0C;&#x9047;&#x5230;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x624B;&#x8DB3;&#x65E0;&#x63AA;&#xFF0C;&#x5B8C;&#x5168;&#x4E0D;&#x77E5;&#x9053;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5E72;&#x4E9B;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF0C;&#x8BE5;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x3002;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5C31;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x8BB0;&#x5F55;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x89E3;&#x51B3;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x7684;&#x601D;&#x8DEF;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x4FBF;&#x4ECA;&#x540E;&#x8FC5;&#x901F;&#x5B9A;&#x4F4D;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x524D;&#x56E0;&#x540E;&#x679C;">&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x524D;&#x56E0;&#x540E;&#x679C;</h4><br>&#x5C3D;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x641E;&#x6E05;&#x695A;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x524D;&#x56E0;&#x540E;&#x679C;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x5B50;&#x5C31;&#x624E;&#x5230;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5148;&#x641E;&#x660E;&#x767D;&#x5BF9;&#x8FD9;&#x53F0;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x5DF2;&#x77E5;&#x7684;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x7684;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x3002;&#x4E0D;&#x7136;&#x4F60;&#x5F88;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x5C31;&#x662F;&#x5728;&#x65E0;&#x7684;&#x653E;&#x77E2;<br>&#x5FC5;&#x987B;&#x641E;&#x6E05;&#x695A;&#x7684;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x6709;&#xFF1A;<p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#x73B0;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1F;&#x65E0;&#x54CD;&#x5E94;&#xFF1F;&#x62A5;&#x9519;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#x53D1;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x53EF;&#x91CD;&#x73B0;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x7684;&#x89C4;&#x5F8B;&#xFF08;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x6BCF;&#x5C0F;&#x65F6;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#xFF09;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x6700;&#x540E;&#x4E00;&#x6B21;&#x5BF9;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;&#x66F4;&#x65B0;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5BB9;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF08;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3001;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x7B49;&#xFF09;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x5F71;&#x54CD;&#x7684;&#x7279;&#x5B9A;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x7FA4;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x6837;&#x7684;(&#x5DF2;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x7684;, &#x9000;&#x51FA;&#x7684;, &#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5730;&#x57DF;&#x7684;&#x2026;)&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x57FA;&#x7840;&#x67B6;&#x6784;&#xFF08;&#x7269;&#x7406;&#x7684;&#x3001;&#x903B;&#x8F91;&#x7684;&#xFF09;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x80FD;&#x627E;&#x5230;?</li>
<li>&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x76D1;&#x63A7;&#x5E73;&#x53F0;&#x53EF;&#x7528;? </li>
<li>&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x67E5;&#x770B;?</li>
</ul>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x6709;&#x8C01;&#x5728;">&#x6709;&#x8C01;&#x5728;?</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">w</div><div class="line">last</div><div class="line">who /var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/wtmp</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x7528;&#x8FD9;&#x4E09;&#x4E2A;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x90FD;&#x6709;&#x8C01;&#x5728;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;&#x6709;&#x54EA;&#x4E9B;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x8FC7;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x4E86;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;">&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x53D1;&#x751F;&#x4E86;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;?</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">history</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x4E4B;&#x524D;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x7684;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;&#x3002;&#x770B;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x603B;&#x662F;&#x6CA1;&#x9519;&#x7684;&#xFF0C;&#x52A0;&#x4E0A;&#x524D;&#x9762;&#x770B;&#x7684;&#x8C01;&#x767B;&#x5F55;&#x8FC7;&#x7684;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x6709;&#x70B9;&#x7528;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x662F;&#x5565;">&#x73B0;&#x5728;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x662F;&#x5565;?</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">pstree <span class="_">-a</span></div><div class="line">ps aux</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x8FD9;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x73B0;&#x6709;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x7684;&#x3002; ps aux &#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x6742;&#x4E71;&#xFF0C; pstree -a &#x7684;&#x7ED3;&#x679C;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x7B80;&#x5355;&#x660E;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x5230;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x53CA;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x670D;&#x52A1;">&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x670D;&#x52A1;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">netstat -auntlp</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x627E;&#x5230;&#x6240;&#x6709;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#xFF0C;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x5B83;&#x4EEC;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x3002;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x5404;&#x4E2A;&#x76D1;&#x542C;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h4 id="cpu-&#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;">CPU &#x548C;&#x5185;&#x5B58;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">free -m</div><div class="line">uptime</div><div class="line">top/htop</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><code>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;:</code></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x7A7A;&#x4F59;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x5417;? &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6B63;&#x5728;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x548C;&#x786C;&#x76D8;&#x4E4B;&#x95F4;&#x8FDB;&#x884C;swap?</li>
<li>&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x5269;&#x4F59;&#x7684;CPU&#x5417;? &#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x662F;&#x51E0;&#x6838;&#x7684;? &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x67D0;&#x4E9B;CPU&#x6838;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x8FC7;&#x591A;&#x4E86;?</li>
<li>&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x7684;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x6765;&#x81EA;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x5730;&#x65B9;? &#x5E73;&#x5747;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x662F;&#x591A;&#x5C11;?</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x786C;&#x4EF6;">&#x786C;&#x4EF6;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">lspci</div><div class="line">dmidecode</div><div class="line">ethtool</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><code>&#x6709;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x662F;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#xFF0C;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x770B;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;:</code></p>
<ol>
<li>RAID &#x5361; (&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5E26;BBU&#x5907;&#x7528;&#x7535;&#x6C60;?)</li>
<li>CPU&#x3001;&#x7A7A;&#x4F59;&#x7684;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x63D2;&#x69FD;?</li>
<li>&#x7F51;&#x5361;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x597D;? &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6B63;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x5728;&#x534A;&#x53CC;&#x5DE5;&#x72B6;&#x6001;? &#x901F;&#x5EA6;&#x662F;10MBps? &#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709; TX/RX &#x62A5;&#x9519;?</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="io&#x6027;&#x80FD;">IO&#x6027;&#x80FD;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">iostat -kx 2</div><div class="line">vmstat 2 10</div><div class="line">mpstat 2 10</div><div class="line">dstat --top-io --top-bio</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><code>&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5173;&#x6CE8;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;:</code></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5F00;&#x542F;&#x4E86;swap&#x4EA4;&#x6362;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F; (si/so)?</li>
<li>CPU&#x88AB;&#x8C01;&#x5360;&#x7528;&#xFF1A;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;? &#x7528;&#x6237;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;? &#x865A;&#x62DF;&#x673A;?</li>
<li>&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x786C;&#x76D8;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x5DF2;&#x6EE1;?</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;">&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">mount</div><div class="line">cat /etc/fstab</div><div class="line">vgs/pvs/lvs</div><div class="line">df -h</div><div class="line">lsof</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><code>&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5173;&#x6CE8;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;:</code></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x4E00;&#x5171;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x4E86;&#x591A;&#x5C11;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;?</li>
<li>&#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x4E13;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;? \</li>
<li>&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x7684;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x9009;&#x9879;&#x662F;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#xFF1A; noatime? default? &#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x88AB;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x6302;&#x8F7D;&#x4E3A;&#x53EA;&#x8BFB;&#x6A21;&#x5F0F;&#x4E86;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x5927;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x88AB;&#x5220;&#x9664;&#x4F46;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x6E05;&#x7A7A;?</li>
<li>&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x78C1;&#x76D8;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#xFF0C;&#x4F60;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x8FD8;&#x6709;&#x7A7A;&#x95F4;&#x6765;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x5206;&#x533A;&#xFF1F;</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5185;&#x6838;-&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x548C;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;">&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x3001;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x548C;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">sysctl <span class="_">-a</span> | grep ...</div><div class="line">cat /proc/interrupts</div><div class="line">cat /proc/net/ip_conntrack /* may take some time on busy servers */</div><div class="line">ss <span class="_">-s</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><code>&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5173;&#x6CE8;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;:</code></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x505A;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x4F18;&#x5316;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x4F60;&#x7684;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x662F;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x5730;&#x5206;&#x914D;&#x7ED9;CPU&#x5904;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x4F1A;&#x6709;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;CPU&#x7684;&#x6838;&#x56E0;&#x4E3A;&#x5927;&#x91CF;&#x7684;&#x7F51;&#x7EDC;&#x4E2D;&#x65AD;&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x6216;&#x8005;RAID&#x8BF7;&#x6C42;&#x800C;&#x8FC7;&#x8F7D;&#x4E86;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x5728;&#x4E0D;&#x540C;&#x72B6;&#x6001;&#x4E0B;(TIME_WAIT, &#x2026;)TCP&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x7684;&#x8BBE;&#x7F6E;&#x662F;&#x600E;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#xFF1F;</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;">&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">dmesg</div><div class="line">less /var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/messages</div><div class="line">less /var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/secure</div><div class="line">less /var/<span class="built_in">log</span>/auth</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><code>&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5173;&#x6CE8;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;:</code></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x548C;&#x8B66;&#x544A;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x662F;&#x4E0D;&#x662F;&#x5F88;&#x591A;&#x5173;&#x4E8E;&#x8FDE;&#x63A5;&#x6570;&#x8FC7;&#x591A;&#x5BFC;&#x81F4;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x786C;&#x4EF6;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x6216;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;?</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;">&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;</h4><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">ls /etc/cron* + cat</div><div class="line"><span class="keyword">for</span> user <span class="keyword">in</span> $(cat /etc/passwd | cut <span class="_">-f</span>1 <span class="_">-d</span>:); <span class="keyword">do</span> crontab <span class="_">-l</span> -u <span class="variable">$user</span>; <span class="keyword">done</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p><code>&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5173;&#x6CE8;&#x4EE5;&#x4E0B;&#x95EE;&#x9898;:</code></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x8FC7;&#x4E8E;&#x9891;&#x7E41;?</li>
<li>&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x4E9B;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x63D0;&#x4EA4;&#x4E86;&#x9690;&#x85CF;&#x7684;&#x5B9A;&#x65F6;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;?</li>
<li>&#x5728;&#x51FA;&#x73B0;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x7684;&#x65F6;&#x5019;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6B63;&#x597D;&#x6709;&#x67D0;&#x4E2A;&#x5907;&#x4EFD;&#x4EFB;&#x52A1;&#x5728;&#x6267;&#x884C;&#xFF1F;</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;">&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;</h4><br>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x8981;&#x6D89;&#x53CA;&#x7684;&#x5C31;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x591A;&#x4E86;&#xFF0C;&#x4E0D;&#x8FC7;&#x4E00;&#x822C;&#x662F;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#x7684;&#x5E94;&#x7528;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;<br>&#x4F8B;&#x5982;&#xFF1A;<br>Apache &amp; Nginx; &#x67E5;&#x627E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x548C;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x65E5;&#x5FD7;, &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x627E; 5xx &#x9519;&#x8BEF;, &#x518D;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709; limit_zone &#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x3002;<br>MySQL; &#x5728;mysql.log&#x627E;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x6D88;&#x606F;&#xFF0C;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x6709;&#x6CA1;&#x6709;&#x7ED3;&#x6784;&#x635F;&#x574F;&#x7684;&#x8868;&#xFF0C; &#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;innodb&#x4FEE;&#x590D;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#x5728;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#xFF0C;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;disk/index/query &#x95EE;&#x9898;.<br>PHP-FPM; &#x5982;&#x679C;&#x8BBE;&#x5B9A;&#x4E86; php-slow &#x65E5;&#x5FD7;, &#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x627E;&#x9519;&#x8BEF;&#x4FE1;&#x606F; (php, mysql, memcache, &#x2026;)&#xFF0C;&#x5982;&#x679C;&#x6CA1;&#x8BBE;&#x5B9A;&#xFF0C;&#x8D76;&#x7D27;&#x8BBE;&#x5B9A;&#x3002;<br>HA-Proxy; &#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;&#x72B6;&#x51B5;&#x5982;&#x4F55;&#xFF1F;&#x5065;&#x5EB7;&#x72B6;&#x51B5;&#x68C0;&#x67E5;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#xFF1F;&#x662F;&#x524D;&#x7AEF;&#x8FD8;&#x662F;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x7684;&#x961F;&#x5217;&#x5927;&#x5C0F;&#x8FBE;&#x5230;&#x6700;&#x5927;&#x503C;&#x4E86;&#xFF1F;<p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="&#x7ED3;&#x8BBA;">&#x7ED3;&#x8BBA;</h4><br>&#x7ECF;&#x8FC7;&#x4E00;&#x7CFB;&#x5217;&#x7684;&#x5904;&#x7406;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5E94;&#x8BE5;&#x5BF9;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;&#x60C5;&#x51B5;&#x6BD4;&#x8F83;&#x6E05;&#x695A;&#x4E86;&#xFF1A;<p></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x5728;&#x670D;&#x52A1;&#x5668;&#x4E0A;&#x8FD0;&#x884C;&#x7684;&#x90FD;&#x662F;&#x4E9B;&#x5565;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x770B;&#x8D77;&#x6765;&#x662F;&#x548C; IO/&#x786C;&#x4EF6;/&#x7F51;&#x7EDC; &#x6216;&#x8005; &#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x914D;&#x7F6E; (&#x6709;&#x95EE;&#x9898;&#x7684;&#x4EE3;&#x7801;&#x3001;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x5185;&#x6838;&#x8C03;&#x4F18;, &#x2026;)&#x76F8;&#x5173;&#xFF1F;</li>
<li>&#x8FD9;&#x4E2A;&#x6545;&#x969C;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x6709;&#x4F60;&#x719F;&#x6089;&#x7684;&#x4E00;&#x4E9B;&#x7279;&#x5F81;&#xFF1F;&#x6BD4;&#x5982;&#x5BF9;&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x7D22;&#x5F15;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x4E0D;&#x5F53;&#xFF0C;&#x6216;&#x8005;&#x592A;&#x591A;&#x7684;apache&#x540E;&#x53F0;&#x8FDB;&#x7A0B;&#xFF1F;</li>
</ol>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;在有那么一瞬间，遇到服务器故障可能会手足无措，完全不知道自己应该干些什么，该如何处理。这里就简单记录一下解决服务器故障的思路，以便今后迅速定位问题。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="故障记录" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C%E8%AE%B0%E5%BD%95/"/>
    
    
      <category term="故障" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/%E6%95%85%E9%9A%9C/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
  <entry>
    <title>Tomcat-集群方案</title>
    <link href="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/41890/"/>
    <id>http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/posts/41890/</id>
    <published>2017-01-13T05:50:03.000Z</published>
    <updated>2017-08-10T11:18:04.368Z</updated>
    
    <content type="html"><![CDATA[<blockquote>
<p>&#x591A;&#x4E2A;<code>tomcat</code>&#x8981;&#x4E00;&#x8D77;&#x534F;&#x540C;&#x5DE5;&#x4F5C;&#x6709;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x529E;&#x6CD5;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x603B;&#x7ED3;&#x4E00;&#x4E0B;&#x51E0;&#x79CD;&#x65B9;&#x6848;&#x7684;&#x4F18;&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;&#xFF0C;&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x5404;&#x81EA;&#x7684;&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x65B9;&#x6CD5;&#x3002;<br><a id="more"></a></p>
</blockquote>
<h4 id="&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x65B9;&#x6848;">&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x65B9;&#x6848;</h4>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x65B9;&#x6848;</th>
<th>&#x5B9E;&#x73B0;&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;</th>
<th>&#x9002;&#x7528;&#x573A;&#x666F;</th>
<th>&#x4F18;&#x70B9;</th>
<th>&#x7F3A;&#x70B9;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>session sticky</td>
<td>&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x4E03;&#x5C42;&#x7684;&#x6E90;&#x5730;&#x5740;hash</td>
<td>&#x5C0F;&#x578B;&#x89C4;&#x6A21;</td>
<td>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7B80;&#x5355;</td>
<td>&#x540E;&#x7AEF;&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x6389;&#x7EBF;&#xFF0C;session&#x4E22;&#x5931;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>session cluster</td>
<td>tomcat&#x81EA;&#x5E26;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x65B9;&#x6848;</td>
<td>&#x4E2D;&#x5C0F;&#x578B;&#x89C4;&#x6A21;</td>
<td>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x7B80;&#x5355;</td>
<td>&#x5360;&#x7528;&#x5185;&#x5B58;&#x5927;&#xFF0C;&#x6BCF;&#x4E2A;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x90FD;&#x8981;&#x6301;&#x6709;&#x6574;&#x4E2A;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x7684;&#x4F1A;&#x8BDD;&#x4FE1;&#x606F;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>session server</td>
<td>&#x5229;&#x7528;memcached&#x6216;redis&#x5C06;session&#x96C6;&#x4E2D;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;</td>
<td>&#x4EFB;&#x4F55;&#x89C4;&#x6A21;</td>
<td>&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x8F83;&#x597D;</td>
<td>&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x590D;&#x6742;</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<h4 id="session-stickey">session stickey</h4>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x540D;</th>
<th>IP&#x5730;&#x5740;</th>
<th>&#x7528;&#x9014;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>nginx</td>
<td>192.168.4.207</td>
<td>&#x524D;&#x7AEF;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D; ip_hash</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tomcat1</td>
<td>192.168.4.208</td>
<td>&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x8282;&#x70B9;1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tomcat2</td>
<td>192.168.4.207</td>
<td>&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x8282;&#x70B9;2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>&#x5229;&#x7528;<code>nginx/haproxy/httpd</code>&#x57FA;&#x4E8E;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;ip&#x7684;hash&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x7B56;&#x7565;&#xFF0C;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7684;ip&#x59CB;&#x7EC8;&#x88AB;&#x8DEF;&#x7531;&#x5230;&#x540C;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;tomcat&#x4E0A;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="nginx&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">nginx&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;&#x7684;&#x662F;nginx1.8&#xFF0C;&#x5177;&#x4F53;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x6B65;&#x9AA4;&#x6682;&#x4E14;&#x4E0D;&#x8868;&#x3002;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf</div><div class="line">http {</div><div class="line">...</div><div class="line">    upstream tomcat_cluster {</div><div class="line">        server 192.168.4.208:8080 weight=1;</div><div class="line">        server 192.168.4.209:8080 weight=1;</div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">#ip_hash;</span></div><div class="line">        <span class="comment">#&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x5148;&#x7981;&#x7528;ip hash&#xFF0C;&#x770B;&#x770B;&#x6709;&#x4EC0;&#x4E48;&#x6548;&#x679C;</span></div><div class="line">        }</div><div class="line">   ...</div><div class="line">   server {</div><div class="line">       location / {</div><div class="line">       proxy_pass http://tomcat_cluster;</div><div class="line">       }</div><div class="line">   }</div><div class="line">   ......	</div><div class="line">}</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="tomcat&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">tomcat&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x597D;JDK&#x548C;tomcat&#xFF0C;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x5728;tomcat1&#x548C;tomcat2&#x7684;/webapps/ROOT&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x521B;&#x5EFA;index.jsp&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x3002;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim index.jsp </div><div class="line">&lt;%@page language=<span class="string">&quot;java&quot;</span> %&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;html&gt;</div><div class="line">        &lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;Tomcat111&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;</div><div class="line">             &lt;body&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;h1&gt;&lt;font color=<span class="string">&quot;red&quot;</span>&gt;TomcatA.chen-hao.com.cn&lt;/font&gt;&lt;/h1&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;table align=<span class="string">&quot;centre&quot;</span> border=<span class="string">&quot;1&quot;</span>&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;tr&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;td&gt;Session ID&lt;/td&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;% session.setAttribute(<span class="string">&quot;chen-hao.com.cn&quot;</span>,<span class="string">&quot;chen-hao.com.cn&quot;</span>); %&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;td&gt;&lt;%= session.getId() %&gt;&lt;/td&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;/tr&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;tr&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;td&gt;Created on&lt;/td&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;td&gt;&lt;%= session.getCreationTime() %&gt;&lt;/td&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;/tr&gt;</div><div class="line">                 &lt;/table&gt;</div><div class="line">             &lt;/body&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;/html&gt;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>tomcat2 &#x9700;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;<code>&lt;head&gt;&lt;title&gt;Tomcat222&lt;/title&gt;&lt;/head&gt;</code>&#xFF0C;&#x5176;&#x4ED6;&#x4FDD;&#x6301;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#x3002;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;1">&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;1</h5><p></p>
<ul>
<li>&#x6CE8;&#x91CA;&#x6389;ip hash&#xFF0C;&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="/uploads/tomcat1.gif" class="blockquote-center"> </p>
<ul>
<li>&#x5F00;&#x542F;ip hash,&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;&#x5982;&#x4E0B;</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="/uploads/tomcat2.gif" class="blockquote-center"></p>
<h4 id="session-cluster">session cluster</h4>

<table>
<thead>
<tr>
<th>&#x4E3B;&#x673A;&#x540D;</th>
<th>IP&#x5730;&#x5740;</th>
<th>&#x7528;&#x9014;</th>
</tr>
</thead>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td>nginx</td>
<td>192.168.4.207</td>
<td>&#x524D;&#x7AEF;&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D; &#x8F6E;&#x5E8F;&#x8C03;&#x5EA6;</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tomcat1</td>
<td>192.168.4.208</td>
<td>&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x8282;&#x70B9;1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>tomcat2</td>
<td>192.168.4.207</td>
<td>&#x6D4B;&#x8BD5;&#x8282;&#x70B9;2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>&#x4F7F;&#x7528;tomcat&#x81EA;&#x5E26;&#x7684;cluster&#x65B9;&#x5F0F;&#xFF0C;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;tomcat&#x95F4;&#x81EA;&#x52A8;&#x5B9E;&#x65F6;&#x590D;&#x5236;session&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#x3002;<br>&#x53C2;&#x8003;&#x5B98;&#x65B9;&#x6587;&#x6863;&#xFF1A;<a href="http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/cluster-howto.html" target="_blank" rel="external">http://tomcat.apache.org/tomcat-7.0-doc/cluster-howto.html</a></p>
<p></p><h5 id="tomcat&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">tomcat&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div><div class="line">39</div><div class="line">40</div><div class="line">41</div><div class="line">42</div><div class="line">43</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim conf/server.xml</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">&lt;Engine name=<span class="string">&quot;Catalina&quot;</span> defaultHost=<span class="string">&quot;localhost&quot;</span> jvmRoute=<span class="string">&quot;Tomcat222&quot;</span>&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">&lt;Cluster className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.SimpleTcpCluster&quot;</span></div><div class="line">		 channelSendOptions=<span class="string">&quot;8&quot;</span>&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  &lt;Manager className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.ha.session.DeltaManager&quot;</span></div><div class="line">		   expireSessionsOnShutdown=<span class="string">&quot;false&quot;</span></div><div class="line">		   notifyListenersOnReplication=<span class="string">&quot;true&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  &lt;Channel className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.GroupChannel&quot;</span>&gt;</div><div class="line">	&lt;Membership className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.tribes.membership.McastService&quot;</span></div><div class="line">				address=<span class="string">&quot;228.0.0.4&quot;</span></div><div class="line">				port=<span class="string">&quot;45564&quot;</span></div><div class="line">				frequency=<span class="string">&quot;500&quot;</span></div><div class="line">				dropTime=<span class="string">&quot;3000&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line">	&lt;Receiver className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.NioReceiver&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			  address=<span class="string">&quot;auto&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			  port=<span class="string">&quot;4000&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			  autoBind=<span class="string">&quot;100&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			  selectorTimeout=<span class="string">&quot;5000&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			  maxThreads=<span class="string">&quot;6&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">	&lt;Sender className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.ReplicationTransmitter&quot;</span>&gt;</div><div class="line">	  &lt;Transport className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.tribes.transport.nio.PooledParallelSender&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line">	&lt;/Sender&gt;</div><div class="line">	&lt;Interceptor className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.TcpFailureDetector&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line">	&lt;Interceptor className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.tribes.group.interceptors.MessageDispatch15Interceptor&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line">  &lt;/Channel&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  &lt;Valve className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.ha.tcp.ReplicationValve&quot;</span></div><div class="line">		 filter=<span class="string">&quot;&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line">  &lt;Valve className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.ha.session.JvmRouteBinderValve&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  &lt;Deployer className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.ha.deploy.FarmWarDeployer&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			tempDir=<span class="string">&quot;/tmp/war-temp/&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			deployDir=<span class="string">&quot;/tmp/war-deploy/&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			watchDir=<span class="string">&quot;/tmp/war-listen/&quot;</span></div><div class="line">			watchEnabled=<span class="string">&quot;false&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  &lt;ClusterListener className=<span class="string">&quot;org.apache.catalina.ha.session.ClusterSessionListener&quot;</span>/&gt;</div><div class="line">&lt;/Cluster&gt;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>tomcat1&#x548C;tomcat2&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4E00;&#x6837;&#xFF0C;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">&lt;Engine name=<span class="string">&quot;Catalina&quot;</span> defaultHost=<span class="string">&quot;localhost&quot;</span> jvmRoute=<span class="string">&quot;Tomcat222&quot;</span>&gt;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5176;&#x4E2D;&#xFF1A;<br>Cluster&#xFF1A;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#xFF1B;&#x53EF;&#x653E;&#x5728;Engine&#x6216;Host&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6BB5;&#x4F46;&#x751F;&#x6548;&#x8303;&#x56F4;&#x4E0D;&#x7528;&#xFF1B;<br>Channel: &#x662F;&#x505A;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#x5173;&#x7CFB;&#x5224;&#x65AD;&#x548C;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x3001;&#x63A5;&#x6536;session&#x4FE1;&#x606F;&#xFF1B;<br>Manager&#xFF1A;&#x4F1A;&#x8BDD;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;tomcat&#x652F;&#x6301;&#x591A;&#x79CD;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5668;&#xFF1B;<br>Membership&#xFF1A;&#x5B9A;&#x4E49;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x6210;&#x5458;&#xFF1B;<br>Receiver&#xFF1A;&#x4F1A;&#x8BDD;&#x63A5;&#x6536;&#x5668;&#xFF1B;<br>Sender&#xFF1A;&#x4F1A;&#x8BDD;&#x53D1;&#x9001;&#x5668;&#xFF1B;<br>&#x6CE8;&#x610F;&#x51E0;&#x70B9;:</p>
<ol>
<li>&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x5728;web.xml&#x4E2D;&#x6DFB;&#x52A0;<distributables>&#xFF1B;</distributables></li>
<li>&#x786E;&#x4FDD;<engine>&#x4E0A;&#x9762;&#x6709;jvmRoute=&#x201D;Tomcat222&#x201D;&#x5C5E;&#x6027;&#xFF1B;</engine></li>
<li>&#x786E;&#x4FDD;&#x5404;&#x8282;&#x70B9;&#x95F4;&#x65F6;&#x95F4;&#x662F;&#x540C;&#x6B65;&#x7684;&#xFF1B;</li>
</ol>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;2">&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;2</h5><br>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x518D;&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x524D;&#x7AEF;nginx&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x51FA;&#xFF1A;<br><img src="/uploads/tomcat3.gif" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x65E0;&#x8BBA;&#x600E;&#x4E48;&#x5237;&#x65B0;SessionID&#x90FD;&#x4E0D;&#x4F1A;&#x53D8;<p></p>
<p></p><h4 id="session-server">session server</h4><br>&#x5229;&#x7528;<code>memcached/redis</code>&#x628A;&#x591A;&#x4E2A;tomcat&#x7684;session&#x96C6;&#x4E2D;&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#xFF0C;&#x524D;&#x7AEF;&#x5728;&#x5229;&#x7528;nginx&#x8D1F;&#x8F7D;&#x5747;&#x8861;&#x548C;&#x52A8;&#x9759;&#x6001;&#x8D44;&#x6E90;&#x5206;&#x79BB;&#xFF0C;&#x5728;&#x517C;&#x987E;&#x7CFB;&#x7EDF;&#x6C34;&#x5E73;&#x6269;&#x5C55;&#x7684;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x53C8;&#x80FD;&#x4FDD;&#x8BC1;&#x8F83;&#x9AD8;&#x7684;&#x6027;&#x80FD;&#x3002;<p></p>
<p></p><h5 id="gradle&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">gradle&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>&#x7531;&#x4E8E;&#x6E90;&#x7801;&#x6784;&#x5EFA;&#x57FA;&#x4E8E; gradle&#xFF0C;&#x6240;&#x4EE5;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5148;&#x914D;&#x7F6E; gradle &#x73AF;&#x5883;&#x3002;<br>&#x5B98;&#x7F51;&#x4E0B;&#x8F7D;&#x5730;&#x5740;&#xFF1A;<br><a href="https://gradle.org/gradle-download/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://gradle.org/gradle-download/</a><p></p>
<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">curl <span class="_">-s</span> https://get.sdkman.io | bash</div><div class="line">chmod +x /root/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh</div><div class="line">. /root/.bash_profile</div><div class="line">sdk install gradle 3.3</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>&#x786E;&#x8BA4;gradle&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x6210;&#x529F;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">gradle</div><div class="line">Starting a Gradle Daemon (subsequent builds will be faster)</div><div class="line">:<span class="built_in">help</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">Welcome to Gradle 3.3.</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">To run a build, run gradle &lt;task&gt; ...</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">To see a list of available tasks, run gradle tasks</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">To see a list of <span class="built_in">command</span>-line options, run gradle --help</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">To see more detail about a task, run gradle <span class="built_in">help</span> --task &lt;task&gt;</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">BUILD SUCCESSFUL</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">Total time: 3.283 secs</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;tomcat-redis-session-manager">&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;tomcat-redis-session-manager</h5><br>&#x8BA9;Tomcat&#x628A;&#x4F1A;&#x8BDD;Session&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5230;Redis&#x6570;&#x636E;&#x5E93;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x4F7F;&#x7528;tomcat-redis-session-manager&#x8FD9;&#x6837;&#x7684;&#x7B2C;&#x4E09;&#x65B9;&#x5E93;&#x3002;<br>&#x4E3B;&#x9875;&#x89C1;&#xFF1A; <a href="https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager" target="_blank" rel="external">https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager</a><br>&#x6309;&#x7167;&#x81EA;&#x5DF1;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#xFF0C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x591A;&#x6B21;&#x672A;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x8D34;&#x51FA;&#x4E00;&#x4E2A;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x6210;&#x529F;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x3002;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div><div class="line">34</div><div class="line">35</div><div class="line">36</div><div class="line">37</div><div class="line">38</div><div class="line">39</div><div class="line">40</div><div class="line">41</div><div class="line">42</div><div class="line">43</div><div class="line">44</div><div class="line">45</div><div class="line">46</div><div class="line">47</div><div class="line">48</div><div class="line">49</div><div class="line">50</div><div class="line">51</div><div class="line">52</div><div class="line">53</div><div class="line">54</div><div class="line">55</div><div class="line">56</div><div class="line">57</div><div class="line">58</div><div class="line">59</div><div class="line">60</div><div class="line">61</div><div class="line">62</div><div class="line">63</div><div class="line">64</div><div class="line">65</div><div class="line">66</div><div class="line">67</div><div class="line">68</div><div class="line">69</div><div class="line">70</div><div class="line">71</div><div class="line">72</div><div class="line">73</div><div class="line">74</div><div class="line">75</div><div class="line">76</div><div class="line">77</div><div class="line">78</div><div class="line">79</div><div class="line">80</div><div class="line">81</div><div class="line">82</div><div class="line">83</div><div class="line">84</div><div class="line">85</div><div class="line">86</div><div class="line">87</div><div class="line">88</div><div class="line">89</div><div class="line">90</div><div class="line">91</div><div class="line">92</div><div class="line">93</div><div class="line">94</div><div class="line">95</div><div class="line">96</div><div class="line">97</div><div class="line">98</div><div class="line">99</div><div class="line">100</div><div class="line">101</div><div class="line">102</div><div class="line">103</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim build.gradle</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">apply plugin: <span class="string">&apos;java&apos;</span></div><div class="line">apply plugin: <span class="string">&apos;maven&apos;</span></div><div class="line">apply plugin: <span class="string">&apos;signing&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">group = <span class="string">&apos;com.orangefunction&apos;</span></div><div class="line">version = <span class="string">&apos;2.0.0&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">repositories {</div><div class="line">  mavenCentral()</div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">compileJava {</div><div class="line">  <span class="built_in">source</span>Compatibility = 1.7</div><div class="line">  targetCompatibility = 1.7</div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">dependencies {</div><div class="line">  compile group: <span class="string">&apos;org.apache.tomcat&apos;</span>, name: <span class="string">&apos;tomcat-catalina&apos;</span>, version: <span class="string">&apos;7.0.27&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  compile group: <span class="string">&apos;redis.clients&apos;</span>, name: <span class="string">&apos;jedis&apos;</span>, version: <span class="string">&apos;2.5.2&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  compile group: <span class="string">&apos;org.apache.commons&apos;</span>, name: <span class="string">&apos;commons-pool2&apos;</span>, version: <span class="string">&apos;2.2&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  //compile group: <span class="string">&apos;commons-codec&apos;</span>, name: <span class="string">&apos;commons-codec&apos;</span>, version: <span class="string">&apos;1.9&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  <span class="built_in">test</span>Compile group: <span class="string">&apos;junit&apos;</span>, name: <span class="string">&apos;junit&apos;</span>, version: <span class="string">&apos;4.+&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="built_in">test</span>Compile <span class="string">&apos;org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="built_in">test</span>Compile <span class="string">&apos;org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.3&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="built_in">test</span>Compile <span class="string">&apos;org.mockito:mockito-all:1.9.5&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  <span class="built_in">test</span>Compile group: <span class="string">&apos;org.apache.tomcat&apos;</span>, name: <span class="string">&apos;tomcat-coyote&apos;</span>, version: <span class="string">&apos;7.0.27&apos;</span></div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">task javadocJar(<span class="built_in">type</span>: Jar, dependsOn: javadoc) {</div><div class="line">  classifier = <span class="string">&apos;javadoc&apos;</span></div><div class="line">  from <span class="string">&apos;build/docs/javadoc&apos;</span></div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">task sourcesJar(<span class="built_in">type</span>: Jar) {</div><div class="line">  from <span class="built_in">source</span>Sets.main.allSource</div><div class="line">  classifier = <span class="string">&apos;sources&apos;</span></div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">artifacts {</div><div class="line">  archives jar</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">  archives javadocJar</div><div class="line">  archives sourcesJar</div><div class="line">}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">//signing</div><div class="line"> // sign configurations.archives</div><div class="line">  //required = <span class="literal">false</span></div><div class="line">//}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">uploadArchives {</div><div class="line">  repositories {</div><div class="line">    mavenDeployer {</div><div class="line">      beforeDeployment { MavenDeployment deployment -&gt; signing.signPom(deployment) }</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">      //repository(url: <span class="string">&quot;https://oss.sonatype.org/service/local/staging/deploy/maven2/&quot;</span>) {</div><div class="line">        //authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword)</div><div class="line">      //}</div><div class="line">      //repository(url: <span class="string">&quot;https://oss.sonatype.org/content/repositories/snapshots&quot;</span>) {</div><div class="line">      //  authentication(userName: sonatypeUsername, password: sonatypePassword)</div><div class="line">      //}</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">      pom.project {</div><div class="line">        name <span class="string">&apos;tomcat-redis-session-manager&apos;</span></div><div class="line">        packaging <span class="string">&apos;jar&apos;</span></div><div class="line">        description <span class="string">&apos;Tomcat Redis Session Manager is a Tomcat extension to store sessions in Redis&apos;</span></div><div class="line">        url <span class="string">&apos;https://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager&apos;</span></div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">        issueManagement {</div><div class="line">          url <span class="string">&apos;https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager/issues&apos;</span></div><div class="line">          system <span class="string">&apos;GitHub Issues&apos;</span></div><div class="line">        }</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">        scm {</div><div class="line">          url <span class="string">&apos;https://github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager&apos;</span></div><div class="line">          connection <span class="string">&apos;scm:git:git://github.com/jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git&apos;</span></div><div class="line">          developerConnection <span class="string">&apos;scm:git:git@github.com:jcoleman/tomcat-redis-session-manager.git&apos;</span></div><div class="line">        }</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">        licenses {</div><div class="line">          license {</div><div class="line">            name <span class="string">&apos;MIT&apos;</span></div><div class="line">            url <span class="string">&apos;http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT&apos;</span></div><div class="line">            distribution <span class="string">&apos;repo&apos;</span></div><div class="line">          }</div><div class="line">        }</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">        developers {</div><div class="line">          developer {</div><div class="line">            id <span class="string">&apos;jcoleman&apos;</span></div><div class="line">            name <span class="string">&apos;James Coleman&apos;</span></div><div class="line">            email <span class="string">&apos;jtc331@gmail.com&apos;</span></div><div class="line">            url <span class="string">&apos;https://github.com/jcoleman&apos;</span></div><div class="line">          }</div><div class="line">        }</div><div class="line">      }</div><div class="line">    }</div><div class="line">  }</div><div class="line">}</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure><p></p>
<p>&#x6267;&#x884C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x547D;&#x4EE4;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div><div class="line">11</div><div class="line">12</div><div class="line">13</div><div class="line">14</div><div class="line">15</div><div class="line">16</div><div class="line">17</div><div class="line">18</div><div class="line">19</div><div class="line">20</div><div class="line">21</div><div class="line">22</div><div class="line">23</div><div class="line">24</div><div class="line">25</div><div class="line">26</div><div class="line">27</div><div class="line">28</div><div class="line">29</div><div class="line">30</div><div class="line">31</div><div class="line">32</div><div class="line">33</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">gradle build --stacktrace</div><div class="line">:compileJava</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-catalina/7.0.27/tomcat-catalina-7.0.27.pom</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-servlet-api/7.0.27/tomcat-servlet-api-7.0.27.pom</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-juli/7.0.27/tomcat-juli-7.0.27.pom</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-annotations-api/7.0.27/tomcat-annotations-api-7.0.27.pom</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-api/7.0.27/tomcat-api-7.0.27.pom</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-util/7.0.27/tomcat-util-7.0.27.pom</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-catalina/7.0.27/tomcat-catalina-7.0.27.jar</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/redis/clients/jedis/2.5.2/jedis-2.5.2.jar</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/commons/commons-pool2/2.2/commons-pool2-2.2.jar</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-servlet-api/7.0.27/tomcat-servlet-api-7.0.27.jar</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-juli/7.0.27/tomcat-juli-7.0.27.jar</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-annotations-api/7.0.27/tomcat-annotations-api-7.0.27.jar</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-api/7.0.27/tomcat-api-7.0.27.jar</div><div class="line">Download https://repo1.maven.org/maven2/org/apache/tomcat/tomcat-util/7.0.27/tomcat-util-7.0.27.jar</div><div class="line">warning: [options] bootstrap class path not <span class="built_in">set</span> <span class="keyword">in</span> conjunction with -source 1.7</div><div class="line">1 warning</div><div class="line">:processResources UP-TO-DATE</div><div class="line">:classes</div><div class="line">:jar</div><div class="line">:javadoc</div><div class="line">:javadocJar</div><div class="line">:sourcesJar</div><div class="line">:assemble</div><div class="line">:compileTestJava UP-TO-DATE</div><div class="line">:processTestResources UP-TO-DATE</div><div class="line">:<span class="built_in">test</span>Classes UP-TO-DATE</div><div class="line">:<span class="built_in">test</span> UP-TO-DATE</div><div class="line">:check UP-TO-DATE</div><div class="line">:build</div><div class="line"></div><div class="line">BUILD SUCCESSFUL</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x5728;tomcat-redis-session-manager/build/libs/&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x67E5;&#x770B;&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x751F;&#x6210;tomcat-redis-session-manager&#x7684;jar&#x5305;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line"><span class="built_in">cd</span> /work/tomcat-redis-session-manager/build/libs/</div><div class="line">ls</div><div class="line">tomcat-redis-session-manager-2.0.0.jar  tomcat-redis-session-manager-2.0.0-javadoc.jar  tomcat-redis-session-manager-2.0.0-sources.jar</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x6B64;&#x65F6;&#x53EA;&#x9700;&#x8981;&#x5C06;tomcat-redis-session-manager-2.0.0.jar&#x4EE5;&#x53CA;&#x53E6;&#x5916;&#x4E24;&#x4E2A;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x5305;&#xFF1A;jedis- 2.5.2.jar&#xFF0C;commons-pool2-2.2.jar&#x4E00;&#x5E76;&#x62F7;&#x5165;tomcat&#x7684;lib&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF08;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;&#x5305;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x5728;gradle&#x7684;&#x7528;&#x6237;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x4E0B;&#x627E;&#x5230;&#xFF09;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">find / -name <span class="string">&apos;jedis-2.5.2.jar&apos;</span></div><div class="line">/root/.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/redis.clients/jedis/2.5.2/83d833f48052456f197ba55ef2a82<span class="built_in">fc</span>4909880b/jedis-2.5.2.jar</div><div class="line">find -name <span class="string">&apos;commons-pool2-2.2.jar&apos;</span></div><div class="line">./.gradle/caches/modules-2/files-2.1/org.apache.commons/commons-pool2/2.2/bd1a6e384f3cf0f9b9a60e1e6c1c1ecbbee7e0b7/commons-pool2-2.2.jar</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p></p><h5 id="redis&#x914D;&#x7F6E;">redis&#x914D;&#x7F6E;</h5><br>&#x4FEE;&#x6539;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x4F7F;&#x7528; tomcat-redis-session-manager-master &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A; tomcat session &#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5668;<p></p>
<ol>
<li>&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x5C06;&#x751F;&#x6210;&#x7684; tomcat-redis-session-manager-master &#x53CA;&#x4F9D;&#x8D56;jar&#x5305;&#x8986;&#x76D6;&#x5230; tomcat &#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x76EE;&#x5F55;&#x7684; lib &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x5939;</li>
<li>&#x5206;&#x522B;&#x4FEE;&#x6539;2&#x53F0; tomcat &#x7684; context.xml &#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#xFF0C;&#x4F7F; tomcat-redis-session-manager-master &#x4F5C;&#x4E3A;session&#x7BA1;&#x7406;&#x5668;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x65F6;&#x6307;&#x5B9A;redis&#x5730;&#x5740;&#x548C;&#x7AEF;&#x53E3;&#x3002;<br>&#x7F16;&#x8F91;context.xml&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;<figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div><div class="line">4</div><div class="line">5</div><div class="line">6</div><div class="line">7</div><div class="line">8</div><div class="line">9</div><div class="line">10</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">vim conf/context.xml</div><div class="line">&lt;Context&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;Valve className=<span class="string">&quot;com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionHandlerValve&quot;</span> /&gt;</div><div class="line">    &lt;Manager className=<span class="string">&quot;com.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.RedisSessionManager&quot;</span></div><div class="line">        host=<span class="string">&quot;127.0.0.1&quot;</span>  &lt;!-- &#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F;<span class="string">&quot;localhost&quot;</span> --&gt;</div><div class="line">		password=<span class="string">&quot;abc&quot;</span>    &lt;!-- &#x53EF;&#x9009; --&gt;</div><div class="line">        port=<span class="string">&quot;6379&quot;</span>       &lt;!-- &#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; <span class="string">&quot;6379&quot;</span> --&gt;</div><div class="line">        database=<span class="string">&quot;0&quot;</span>      &lt;!-- &#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; <span class="string">&quot;0&quot;</span> --&gt; </div><div class="line">        maxInactiveInterval=<span class="string">&quot;60&quot;</span>/&gt;    &lt;!-- &#x53EF;&#x9009;&#xFF0C;&#x9ED8;&#x8BA4;&#x662F; <span class="string">&quot;60&quot;</span> &#xFF08;&#x5355;&#x4F4D;&#xFF1A;&#x79D2;&#xFF09;--&gt; /&gt;</div><div class="line">&lt;/Context&gt;</div></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
</li>
</ol>
<p><code>&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x63D0;&#x9192;&#x4E0B;&#xFF0C;&#x4E00;&#x5B9A;&#x8981;&#x6CE8;&#x610F;tomcat&#x7684;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;jdk&#x7684;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#xFF0C;&#x8981;&#x548C;&#x7F16;&#x8BD1;&#x7684;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x586B;&#x7684;&#x7248;&#x672C;&#x4E00;&#x81F4;&#xFF0C;&#x5426;&#x5219;tomcat&#x53EF;&#x80FD;&#x4F1A;&#x62A5;&#x9519;</code><br>redis&#x5B89;&#x88C5;&#x542F;&#x52A8;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;tomcat&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x6587;&#x4EF6;&#x7F16;&#x8F91;&#x5B8C;&#x6210;&#x4E4B;&#x540E;&#xFF0C;&#x5219;&#x91CD;&#x65B0;&#x542F;&#x52A8;tomcat&#x5373;&#x53EF;</p>
<p></p><h5 id="&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;3">&#x9A8C;&#x8BC1;3</h5><br>&#x8BBF;&#x95EE;&#x7F51;&#x9875;&#x67E5;&#x770B; session id<br><img src="/uploads/tomcat4.png" class="blockquote-center"><br>&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x770B;&#x51FA;&#x6211;&#x4EEC;&#x7684; session id &#x4E3A; <code>764A35AC567302EDBA2AC05C4EACC7E7.Tomcat111</code><p></p>
<p>&#x76F4;&#x63A5;&#x5230;&#x540E;&#x7AEF;redis &#x770B;&#x770B;&#x6B64;session&#x662F;&#x5426;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;<br><figure class="highlight bash"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><div class="line">1</div><div class="line">2</div><div class="line">3</div></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><div class="line">/usr/<span class="built_in">local</span>/redis-3.0.0/src/redis-cli</div><div class="line">127.0.0.1:6379&gt; get 764A35AC567302EDBA2AC05C4EACC7E7.Tomcat111</div><div class="line"><span class="string">&quot;\xac\xed\x00\x05sr\x00Dcom.orangefunction.tomcat.redissessions.SessionSerializationMetadataB\xd9\xd9\xf7v\xa2\xdbL\x03\x00\x01[\x00\x15sessionAttributesHasht\x00\x02[Bxpw\x14\x00\x00\x00\x10rG\x034\xbe\x9a&gt;F\xd2KN\xf2}\xdb\xde\x7fxsr\x00\x0ejava.lang.Long;\x8b\xe4\x90\xcc\x8f#\xdf\x02\x00\x01J\x00\x05valuexr\x00\x10java.lang.Number\x86\xac\x95\x1d\x0b\x94\xe0\x8b\x02\x00\x00xp\x00\x00\x01Y\xa5)\x96\xccsq\x00~\x00\x03\x00\x00\x01Y\xa5)\x96\xccsr\x00\x11java.lang.Integer\x12\xe2\xa0\xa4\xf7\x81\x878\x02\x00\x01I\x00\x05valuexq\x00~\x00\x04\x00\x00\a\bsr\x00\x11java.lang.Boolean\xcd r\x80\xd5\x9c\xfa\xee\x02\x00\x01Z\x00\x05valuexp\x01q\x00~\x00\nsq\x00~\x00\x03\x00\x00\x01Y\xa5)\x96\xd8t\x00*764A35AC567302EDBA2AC05C4EACC7E7.Tomcat111sq\x00~\x00\a\x00\x00\x00\x01t\x00\x0fchen-hao.com.cnq\x00~\x00\x0ew\b\x00\x00\x01Y\xa5)\x96\xcc&quot;</span></div></pre></td></tr></table></figure></p>
<p>&#x7531;&#x6B64;&#x53EF;&#x89C1;&#xFF0C;session&#x5DF2;&#x7ECF;&#x4FDD;&#x5B58;&#x5728;redis&#x5F53;&#x4E2D;&#xFF0C;&#x8FD9;&#x91CC;&#x6682;&#x4E14;&#x6F14;&#x793A;&#x4E00;&#x53F0;&#xFF0C;&#x81F3;&#x4E8E;&#x591A;&#x53F0;&#xFF0C;&#x540C;&#x6837;&#x914D;&#x7F6E;&#x5373;&#x53EF;&#xFF0C;&#x518D;&#x52A0;&#x4E0A;&#x524D;&#x7AEF;nginx&#xFF0C;tomcat&#x7684;&#x96C6;&#x7FA4;&#x5C31;&#x53EF;&#x4EE5;&#x4E86;&#x3002;</p>
]]></content>
    
    <summary type="html">
    
      &lt;blockquote&gt;
&lt;p&gt;多个&lt;code&gt;tomcat&lt;/code&gt;要一起协同工作有多种办法，这里总结一下几种方案的优缺点，以及各自的实现方法。&lt;br&gt;
    
    </summary>
    
      <category term="集群" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/categories/%E9%9B%86%E7%BE%A4/"/>
    
    
      <category term="Tomcat" scheme="http://www.chen-hao.com.cn/tags/Tomcat/"/>
    
  </entry>
  
</feed>