GH-46603: [JS][Release] Remove JavaScript related release code (#46604)

### Rationale for this change

We have moved the JavaScript implementation to https://github.com/apache/arrow-js and we won't be releasing JavaScript as part of the main apache/arrow repository.

### What changes are included in this PR?

Remove related release code from this repo and update release documentation.

### Are these changes tested?

No

### Are there any user-facing changes?

No

* GitHub Issue: #46603

Authored-by: Raúl Cumplido <raulcumplido@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sutou Kouhei <kou@clear-code.com>

Author: raulcd

dev/release/01-prepare-test.rb

@@ -218,13 +218,6 @@ def test_version_pre_tag
       ]
     end
     expected_changes += [
-      {
-        path: "js/package.json",
-        hunks: [
-          ["-  \"version\": \"#{@snapshot_version}\"",
-           "+  \"version\": \"#{@release_version}\""],
-        ],
-      },
       {
         path: "matlab/CMakeLists.txt",
         hunks: [

dev/release/post-08-csharp.sh dev/release/post-07-csharp.shdev/release/post-08-csharp.sh renamed to dev/release/post-07-csharp.sh

@@ -73,12 +73,12 @@ def bump_versions(*targets)
     case bump_type
     when :minor, :patch
       sh(env,
-         "dev/release/post-12-bump-versions.sh",
+         "dev/release/post-11-bump-versions.sh",
          released_version,
          @release_version)
     else
       sh(env,
-         "dev/release/post-12-bump-versions.sh",
+         "dev/release/post-11-bump-versions.sh",
          released_version,
          @next_version)
     end
@@ -248,13 +248,6 @@ def test_version_post_tag
         ]
       end
       expected_changes += [
-        {
-          path: "js/package.json",
-          hunks: [
-            ["-  \"version\": \"#{@snapshot_version}\"",
-             "+  \"version\": \"#{@next_snapshot_version}\""],
-          ],
-        },
         {
           path: "matlab/CMakeLists.txt",
           hunks: [