GH-46693: [CI] Update windows-2019 image runners to windows-2022

Author: raulcd

.github/workflows/cpp.yml

@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ jobs:
 
   windows-mingw:
     name: AMD64 Windows MinGW ${{ matrix.msystem_upper }} C++
-    runs-on: windows-2019
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.title, 'WIP') }}
     # Build may take 1h+ without cache.
     timeout-minutes: 120

.github/workflows/csharp.yml

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ jobs:
 
   windows:
     name: AMD64 Windows 2019 18.04 C# ${{ matrix.dotnet }}
-    runs-on: windows-2019
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.title, 'WIP') }}
     timeout-minutes: 15
     strategy:

.github/workflows/r.yml

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ jobs:
 
   windows-cpp:
     name: AMD64 Windows C++ RTools ${{ matrix.config.rtools }} ${{ matrix.config.arch }}
-    runs-on: windows-2019
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.title, 'WIP') }}
     timeout-minutes: 90
     strategy:
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ jobs:
   windows-r:
     needs: [windows-cpp]
     name: AMD64 Windows R ${{ matrix.config.rversion }}
-    runs-on: windows-2019
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.title, 'WIP') }}
     timeout-minutes: 75
     strategy:

.github/workflows/ruby.yml

@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ jobs:
 
   windows-mingw:
     name: AMD64 Windows MinGW ${{ matrix.mingw-n-bits }} GLib & Ruby
-    runs-on: windows-2019
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     if: ${{ !contains(github.event.pull_request.title, 'WIP') }}
     timeout-minutes: 90
     strategy:

dev/tasks/vcpkg-tests/github.windows.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 jobs:
   test-vcpkg-win:
     name: Install build deps with vcpkg and build Arrow C++
-    runs-on: windows-2019
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     env:
       VCPKG_BINARY_SOURCES: 'clear;nuget,GitHub,readwrite'
       VCPKG_DEFAULT_TRIPLET: 'x64-windows'

dev/tasks/verify-rc/github.win.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 jobs:
   verify:
     name: "Verify release candidate Windows source"
-    runs-on: windows-2019
+    runs-on: windows-2022
     {% if env is defined %}
     env:
     {% for key, value in env.items() %}