diff --git a/deps/mpg123/src/output/win32.c b/deps/mpg123/src/output/win32.c
index d638364..4059042 100644
--- a/deps/mpg123/src/output/win32.c
+++ b/deps/mpg123/src/output/win32.c
@@ -223,9 +223,6 @@ static void flush_win32(struct audio_output_struct *ao)
     /* If WHDR_PREPARED is not set, this is (potentially) a partial buffer */
     if (!(hdr->dwFlags & WHDR_PREPARED))
     hdr->dwBufferLength = 0;
-
-    /* Finish processing the buffers */
-    drain_win32(ao);
 }
 
 /* output final buffer (if any) */
diff --git a/index.d.ts b/index.d.ts
index 0f99eca..fad9985 100644
--- a/index.d.ts
+++ b/index.d.ts
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ declare class Speaker extends Writable {
      *
      * @param flush Defaults to `true`.
      */
-    public close(flush: boolean): string;
+    public close(flush: boolean): void;
 
     /**
      * Returns the `MPG123_ENC_*` constant that corresponds to the given "format"
diff --git a/index.js b/index.js
index 5650132..35dec96 100644
--- a/index.js
+++ b/index.js
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@ class Speaker extends Writable {
     if (!opts) opts = {}
     if (opts.lowWaterMark == null) opts.lowWaterMark = 0
     if (opts.highWaterMark == null) opts.highWaterMark = 0
+    // emit close manually
+    opts.emitClose = false
 
     super(opts)
 
@@ -41,12 +43,14 @@ class Speaker extends Writable {
     // flipped after close() is called, no write() calls allowed after
     this._closed = false
 
+    // whether native binding is closing
+    this._closing = false
+
     // set PCM format
     this._format(opts)
 
     // bind event listeners
     this._format = this._format.bind(this)
-    this.on('finish', this._flush)
     this.on('pipe', this._pipe)
     this.on('unpipe', this._unpipe)
   }
@@ -253,10 +257,13 @@ class Speaker extends Writable {
    * @api private
    */
 
-  _flush () {
-    debug('_flush()')
+  _final (callback) {
+    debug('_final()')
     this.emit('flush')
-    this.close(false)
+    this._close(false)
+      .then(() => callback())
+      .catch(error => callback(error))
+      .finally(() => debug('_final() end'))
   }
 
   /**
@@ -270,25 +277,40 @@ class Speaker extends Writable {
 
   close (flush) {
     debug('close(%o)', flush)
+    this._close(flush)
+      .catch(console.error)
+      .finally(() => debug('close() end'))
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Flush audio backend and close backend
+   *
+   * @param {Boolean} flush - if `false`, then don't call the `flush()` native binding call.`.
+   */
+  async _close (flush) {
     if (this._closed) return debug('already closed...')
 
-    if (this.audio_handle) {
-      if (flush !== false) {
-        // TODO: async most likely…
-        debug('invoking flush() native binding')
-        binding.flush(this.audio_handle)
-      }
+    if (!this.audio_handle) {
+      debug('not invoking flush() or close() bindings since no `audio_handle`')
+      this._closed = true
+      this.emit('close')
+      return
+    }
+
+    if (flush !== false) {
+      debug('invoking flush() native binding')
+      await binding.flush(this.audio_handle)
+    }
 
-      // TODO: async maybe?
+    if (!this._closing) {
+      this._closing = true
       debug('invoking close() native binding')
-      binding.close(this.audio_handle)
+      await binding.close(this.audio_handle)
       this.audio_handle = null
-    } else {
-      debug('not invoking flush() or close() bindings since no `audio_handle`')
+      this._closed = true
+      this.emit('close')
+      debug('closed')
     }
-
-    this._closed = true
-    this.emit('close')
   }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/binding.c b/src/binding.c
index 721f85a..37b9015 100644
--- a/src/binding.c
+++ b/src/binding.c
@@ -25,6 +25,19 @@ typedef struct {
   napi_deferred deferred;
 } WriteData;
 
+typedef struct {
+  audio_output_t *ao;
+  napi_deferred deferred;
+  napi_async_work work;
+} FlushData;
+
+typedef struct {
+  audio_output_t *ao;
+  int error;
+  napi_deferred deferred;
+  napi_async_work work;
+} CloseData;
+
 bool is_string(napi_env env, napi_value value) {
   napi_valuetype valuetype;
   assert(napi_typeof(env, value, &valuetype) == napi_ok);
@@ -126,6 +139,20 @@ napi_value speaker_write(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
   return promise;
 }
 
+void flush_execute(napi_env env, void* _data) {
+  FlushData* data = _data;
+  data->ao->flush(data->ao);
+}
+
+void flush_complete(napi_env env, napi_status status, void* _data) {
+  FlushData* data = _data;
+  napi_value undefined;
+  assert(napi_get_undefined(env, &undefined) == napi_ok);
+  assert(napi_resolve_deferred(env, data->deferred, undefined) == napi_ok);
+  assert(napi_delete_async_work(env, data->work) == napi_ok);
+  free(_data);
+}
+
 napi_value speaker_flush(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
   size_t argc = 1;
   napi_value args[1];
@@ -135,9 +162,47 @@ napi_value speaker_flush(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
   assert(napi_unwrap(env, args[0], (void**) &speaker) == napi_ok);
   audio_output_t *ao = &speaker->ao;
 
-  /* TODO: async */
-  ao->flush(ao);
-  return NULL;
+  napi_value promise;
+  FlushData* data = malloc(sizeof(FlushData));
+  data->ao = ao;
+  assert(napi_create_promise(env, &data->deferred, &promise) == napi_ok);
+
+  napi_value work_name;
+  assert(napi_create_string_utf8(env, "speaker:flush", NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &work_name) == napi_ok);
+  assert(napi_create_async_work(env, NULL, work_name, flush_execute, flush_complete, (void*) data, &data->work) == napi_ok);
+  assert(napi_queue_async_work(env, data->work) == napi_ok);
+
+  return promise;
+}
+
+void close_execute(napi_env env, void* _data) {
+  CloseData* data = _data;
+  int r = data->ao->close(data->ao);
+  if (r != 0) {
+    data->error = 1;
+    return;
+  }
+  if (data->ao->deinit) {
+    int r = data->ao->deinit(data->ao);
+    if (r != 0) {
+      data->error = 1;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void close_complete(napi_env env, napi_status status, void* _data) {
+  CloseData* data = _data;
+  if (data->error == 0) {
+    napi_value undefined;
+    assert(napi_get_undefined(env, &undefined) == napi_ok);
+    assert(napi_resolve_deferred(env, data->deferred, undefined) == napi_ok);
+  } else {
+    napi_value error;
+    assert(napi_create_string_utf8(env, "Close failed", NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &error) == napi_ok);
+    assert(napi_reject_deferred(env, data->deferred, error) == napi_ok);
+  }
+  assert(napi_delete_async_work(env, data->work) == napi_ok);
+  free(_data);
 }
 
 napi_value speaker_close(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
@@ -149,25 +214,18 @@ napi_value speaker_close(napi_env env, napi_callback_info info) {
   assert(napi_unwrap(env, args[0], (void**) &speaker) == napi_ok);
   audio_output_t *ao = &speaker->ao;
 
-  int r = ao->close(ao);
-
-  if (r != 0) {
-    napi_throw_error(env, "ERR_CLOSE", "Failed to initialize output device");
-    goto cleanup;
-  }
-
-  if (ao->deinit) {
-    int r = ao->deinit(ao);
+  napi_value promise;
+  CloseData* data = malloc(sizeof(CloseData));
+  data->ao = ao;
+  data->error = 0;
+  assert(napi_create_promise(env, &data->deferred, &promise) == napi_ok);
 
-    if (r != 0) {
-      napi_throw_error(env, "ERR_CLOSE", "Failed to initialize output device");
-      goto cleanup;
-    }
-  }
+  napi_value work_name;
+  assert(napi_create_string_utf8(env, "speaker:close", NAPI_AUTO_LENGTH, &work_name) == napi_ok);
+  assert(napi_create_async_work(env, NULL, work_name, close_execute, close_complete, (void*) data, &data->work) == napi_ok);
+  assert(napi_queue_async_work(env, data->work) == napi_ok);
 
-cleanup:
-  free(speaker->device);
-  return NULL;
+  return promise;
 }
 
 int get_formats() {