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README.md

File metadata and controls

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Approaching a torrent downloader from a microservice architecture perspective is an interesting way to modularize the system and potentially make it more scalable and maintainable. Here's a breakdown of potential microservices for a torrent downloading system:

graph TD
    A[API Gateway] --> B[Torrent Parser Service]
    A --> C[Peer Discovery Service]
    A --> D[Download Manager Service]
    A --> E[File Storage Service]
    A --> F[User Management Service]
    C --> G[Tracker Communication Service]
    C --> H[DHT Service]
    D --> I[Peer Connection Service]
    D --> J[Piece Selection Service]
    E --> K[File Assembly Service]
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Let's break down each of these services and their responsibilities:

  1. API Gateway:

    • Handles external requests
    • Routes requests to appropriate microservices
    • Manages authentication and rate limiting

  2. Torrent Parser Service:

    • Parses .torrent files and magnet links
    • Extracts metadata (file info, trackers, piece hashes)

  3. Peer Discovery Service:

    • Coordinates peer discovery methods
    • Interfaces with Tracker Communication and DHT services

  4. Tracker Communication Service:

    • Communicates with trackers to get peer lists
    • Handles tracker protocol specifics

  5. DHT (Distributed Hash Table) Service:

    • Implements DHT protocol for trackerless torrents
    • Manages DHT node connections and queries

  6. Download Manager Service:

    • Orchestrates the overall download process
    • Manages download queues and priorities

  7. Peer Connection Service:

    • Establishes and manages connections to peers
    • Implements BitTorrent protocol messaging

  8. Piece Selection Service:

    • Implements piece selection algorithms (e.g., rarest first)
    • Tracks piece availability across peers

  9. File Storage Service:

    • Handles writing downloaded pieces to disk
    • Manages file allocation and disk space

  10. File Assembly Service:

    • Assembles downloaded pieces into complete files
    • Verifies file integrity

  11. User Management Service:

    • Handles user accounts, if applicable
    • Manages user preferences and download history

Each of these services could be implemented as a separate microservice, potentially in different languages or using different technologies as appropriate. They would communicate via APIs, possibly using REST or gRPC.

Key considerations for this architecture:

  1. Service Discovery: Implement a way for services to find and communicate with each other.

  2. Data Consistency: Ensure data consistency across services, especially for shared state like download progress.

  3. Fault Tolerance: Design each service to be resilient and the overall system to handle partial failures.

  4. Scalability: Design services to be independently scalable based on load.

  5. Monitoring and Logging: Implement comprehensive logging and monitoring across all services.

  6. Security: Ensure secure communication between services and proper access controls.

  7. Testing: Implement thorough unit and integration testing for each service and the system as a whole.