diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 5d13a02..51e6b16 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -26,20 +26,17 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "addr2line"
-version = "0.25.1"
+name = "ahash"
+version = "0.8.12"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1b5d307320b3181d6d7954e663bd7c774a838b8220fe0593c86d9fb09f498b4b"
+checksum = "5a15f179cd60c4584b8a8c596927aadc462e27f2ca70c04e0071964a73ba7a75"
 dependencies = [
- "gimli",
+ "cfg-if",
+ "once_cell",
+ "version_check",
+ "zerocopy",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "adler2"
-version = "2.0.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "320119579fcad9c21884f5c4861d16174d0e06250625266f50fe6898340abefa"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "airdrop_merkle_claim"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -47,6 +44,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "soroban-sdk",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "allocator-api2"
+version = "0.2.21"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "683d7910e743518b0e34f1186f92494becacb047c7b6bf616c96772180fef923"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "android_system_properties"
 version = "0.1.5"
@@ -73,50 +76,165 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "auction-contract"
-version = "0.1.0"
+name = "ark-bls12-381"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3df4dcc01ff89867cd86b0da835f23c3f02738353aaee7dde7495af71363b8d5"
 dependencies = [
- "soroban-sdk",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "autocfg"
-version = "1.5.1"
+name = "ark-bn254"
+version = "0.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f2032f911046de80f0a198e0901378627c33f59ea0ac00e363d481118bd70a53"
+checksum = "d69eab57e8d2663efa5c63135b2af4f396d66424f88954c21104125ab6b3e6bc"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-std",
+]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "backtrace"
-version = "0.3.76"
+name = "ark-ec"
+version = "0.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "bb531853791a215d7c62a30daf0dde835f381ab5de4589cfe7c649d2cbe92bd6"
+checksum = "43d68f2d516162846c1238e755a7c4d131b892b70cc70c471a8e3ca3ed818fce"
 dependencies = [
- "addr2line",
- "cfg-if",
- "libc",
- "miniz_oxide",
- "object",
- "rustc-demangle",
- "windows-link",
+ "ahash",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-poly",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "educe",
+ "fnv",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+ "itertools",
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-integer",
+ "num-traits",
+ "zeroize",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "base16ct"
-version = "0.2.0"
+name = "ark-ff"
+version = "0.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4c7f02d4ea65f2c1853089ffd8d2787bdbc63de2f0d29dedbcf8ccdfa0ccd4cf"
+checksum = "a177aba0ed1e0fbb62aa9f6d0502e9b46dad8c2eab04c14258a1212d2557ea70"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-ff-asm",
+ "ark-ff-macros",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "arrayvec",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
+ "educe",
+ "itertools",
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-traits",
+ "paste",
+ "zeroize",
+]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "base32"
-version = "0.4.0"
+name = "ark-ff-asm"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "62945a2f7e6de02a31fe400aa489f0e0f5b2502e69f95f853adb82a96c7a6b60"
+dependencies = [
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-ff-macros"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "09be120733ee33f7693ceaa202ca41accd5653b779563608f1234f78ae07c4b3"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-bigint",
+ "num-traits",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-poly"
+version = "0.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "23ce669cd6c8588f79e15cf450314f9638f967fc5770ff1c7c1deb0925ea7cfa"
+checksum = "579305839da207f02b89cd1679e50e67b4331e2f9294a57693e5051b7703fe27"
+dependencies = [
+ "ahash",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "ark-std",
+ "educe",
+ "fnv",
+ "hashbrown 0.15.5",
+]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "base64"
-version = "0.13.1"
+name = "ark-serialize"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3f4d068aaf107ebcd7dfb52bc748f8030e0fc930ac8e360146ca54c1203088f7"
+dependencies = [
+ "ark-serialize-derive",
+ "ark-std",
+ "arrayvec",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
+ "num-bigint",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-serialize-derive"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "213888f660fddcca0d257e88e54ac05bca01885f258ccdf695bafd77031bb69d"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ark-std"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "246a225cc6131e9ee4f24619af0f19d67761fff15d7ccc22e42b80846e69449a"
+dependencies = [
+ "num-traits",
+ "rand 0.8.7",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "arrayvec"
+version = "0.7.8"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d3fb67a6e08acf24fdeccbac2cb6ac4305825bd1f117462e0e6f2f193345ad56"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "auction-contract"
+version = "0.1.0"
+dependencies = [
+ "soroban-sdk",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "autocfg"
+version = "1.5.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f2032f911046de80f0a198e0901378627c33f59ea0ac00e363d481118bd70a53"
+
+[[package]]
+name = "base16ct"
+version = "0.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "9e1b586273c5702936fe7b7d6896644d8be71e6314cfe09d3167c95f712589e8"
+checksum = "4c7f02d4ea65f2c1853089ffd8d2787bdbc63de2f0d29dedbcf8ccdfa0ccd4cf"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "base64"
@@ -152,6 +270,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "generic-array",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "block-buffer"
+version = "0.12.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d2f6c7dbe95a6ed67ad9f18e57daf93a2f034c524b99fd2b76d18fdfeb6660aa"
+dependencies = [
+ "hybrid-array",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bounty"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -181,6 +308,12 @@ version = "3.20.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "72f5acc6cb2ba439de613abc23857ec3d78374d8ed5ac84e9d11336e87da8649"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "byteorder"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1fd0f2584146f6f2ef48085050886acf353beff7305ebd1ae69500e27c67f64b"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes"
 version = "1.12.1"
@@ -189,9 +322,9 @@ checksum = "fc652a48c352aef3ea3aed32080501cf3ef6ed5da78602a020c991775b0aff04"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "bytes-lit"
-version = "0.0.5"
+version = "0.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0adabf37211a5276e46335feabcbb1530c95eb3fdf85f324c7db942770aa025d"
+checksum = "9b04f2b1d34cb428043f14aa4c853d14294532e8bbde3b6a3bc2faaaae31a1dd"
 dependencies = [
  "num-bigint",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -215,6 +348,28 @@ version = "1.0.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9330f8b2ff13f34540b44e946ef35111825727b38d33286ef986142615121801"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "cfg_eval"
+version = "0.1.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "45565fc9416b9896014f5732ac776f810ee53a66730c17e4020c3ec064a8f88f"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "chacha20"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d524456ba66e72eb8b115ff89e01e497f8e6d11d78b70b1aa13c0fbd97540a81"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpufeatures 0.3.0",
+ "rand_core 0.10.1",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "charity"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -269,6 +424,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "libc",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "cpufeatures"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "8b2a41393f66f16b0823bb79094d54ac5fbd34ab292ddafb9a0456ac9f87d201"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "crafting"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -287,6 +451,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde_json",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crate-git-revision"
+version = "0.0.9"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "54851b5b3f24621804b1cded2820975623c205e3055d2d44031cdb1237339ac8"
+dependencies = [
+ "serde",
+ "serde_derive",
+ "serde_json",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "cross_contract"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -301,7 +476,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "0dc92fb57ca44df6db8059111ab3af99a63d5d0f8375d9972e319a379c6bab76"
 dependencies = [
  "generic-array",
- "rand_core",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
 ]
@@ -316,16 +491,31 @@ dependencies = [
  "typenum",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "crypto-common"
+version = "0.2.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ce6e4c961d6cd6c9a86db418387425e8bdeaf05b3c8bc1411e6dca4c252f1453"
+dependencies = [
+ "hybrid-array",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "ctor"
-version = "0.2.9"
+version = "0.5.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "32a2785755761f3ddc1492979ce1e48d2c00d09311c39e4466429188f3dd6501"
+checksum = "67773048316103656a637612c4a62477603b777d91d9c62ff2290f9cde178fdb"
 dependencies = [
- "quote",
- "syn 2.0.119",
+ "ctor-proc-macro",
+ "dtor",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ctor-proc-macro"
+version = "0.0.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e2931af7e13dc045d8e9d26afccc6fa115d64e115c9c84b1166288b46f6782c2"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "curve25519-dalek"
 version = "4.1.3"
@@ -333,10 +523,26 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "97fb8b7c4503de7d6ae7b42ab72a5a59857b4c937ec27a3d4539dba95b5ab2be"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
- "cpufeatures",
+ "cpufeatures 0.2.17",
+ "curve25519-dalek-derive",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
+ "fiat-crypto 0.2.9",
+ "rustc_version",
+ "subtle",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "curve25519-dalek"
+version = "5.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "b5eed333089e2e1c1ac8c6c0398e5e2497b4c9926ca6d0365ed1e099afa5bc23"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpufeatures 0.3.0",
  "curve25519-dalek-derive",
- "digest",
- "fiat-crypto",
+ "digest 0.11.3",
+ "fiat-crypto 0.3.0",
  "rustc_version",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
@@ -429,6 +635,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "syn 2.0.119",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "data-encoding"
+version = "2.11.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "4583a4551df46e2792f82ceeac45e850d2e2d5debba0b91f102385cda5b11f06"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "delegation"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -472,18 +684,43 @@ version = "0.10.7"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "9ed9a281f7bc9b7576e61468ba615a66a5c8cfdff42420a70aa82701a3b1e292"
 dependencies = [
- "block-buffer",
+ "block-buffer 0.10.4",
  "const-oid",
- "crypto-common",
+ "crypto-common 0.1.7",
  "subtle",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "digest"
+version = "0.11.3"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f1dd6dbb5841937940781866fa1281a1ff7bd3bf827091440879f9994983d5c2"
+dependencies = [
+ "block-buffer 0.12.1",
+ "crypto-common 0.2.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "downcast-rs"
 version = "1.2.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "75b325c5dbd37f80359721ad39aca5a29fb04c89279657cffdda8736d0c0b9d2"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "dtor"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "404d02eeb088a82cfd873006cb713fe411306c7d182c344905e101fb1167d301"
+dependencies = [
+ "dtor-proc-macro",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "dtor-proc-macro"
+version = "0.0.6"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f678cf4a922c215c63e0de95eb1ff08a958a81d47e485cf9da1e27bf6305cfa5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "dyn-clone"
 version = "1.0.20"
@@ -511,10 +748,10 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ee27f32b5c5292967d2d4a9d7f1e0b0aed2c15daded5a60300e4abb9d8020bca"
 dependencies = [
  "der",
- "digest",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
  "elliptic-curve",
  "rfc6979",
- "signature",
+ "signature 2.2.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -524,7 +761,16 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "115531babc129696a58c64a4fef0a8bf9e9698629fb97e9e40767d235cfbcd53"
 dependencies = [
  "pkcs8",
- "signature",
+ "signature 2.2.0",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ed25519"
+version = "3.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "29fcf32e6c73d1079f83ab4d782de2d81620346a5f38c6237a86a22f8368980a"
+dependencies = [
+ "signature 3.0.0",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -533,15 +779,40 @@ version = "2.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "70e796c081cee67dc755e1a36a0a172b897fab85fc3f6bc48307991f64e4eca9"
 dependencies = [
- "curve25519-dalek",
- "ed25519",
- "rand_core",
+ "curve25519-dalek 4.1.3",
+ "ed25519 2.2.3",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "serde",
- "sha2",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
+ "subtle",
+ "zeroize",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "ed25519-dalek"
+version = "3.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6ebaa1a2bf1290ab3bfe5a7b771d050ebffab2711c19a81691c683a5144a25de"
+dependencies = [
+ "curve25519-dalek 5.0.0",
+ "ed25519 3.0.0",
+ "sha2 0.11.0",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "educe"
+version = "0.6.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "1d7bc049e1bd8cdeb31b68bbd586a9464ecf9f3944af3958a7a9d0f8b9799417"
+dependencies = [
+ "enum-ordinalize",
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "either"
 version = "1.16.0"
@@ -556,11 +827,11 @@ checksum = "b5e6043086bf7973472e0c7dff2142ea0b680d30e18d9cc40f267efbf222bd47"
 dependencies = [
  "base16ct",
  "crypto-bigint",
- "digest",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
  "ff",
  "generic-array",
  "group",
- "rand_core",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "sec1",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
@@ -580,6 +851,26 @@ dependencies = [
  "soroban-sdk",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "enum-ordinalize"
+version = "4.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "89dd01549b09589510cf0647475075d12071456586d70f5c75c98ae2a5537677"
+dependencies = [
+ "enum-ordinalize-derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "enum-ordinalize-derive"
+version = "4.4.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "a65863d15a4ce2888bd2f0f543cc963d3879c3a022c8ee43f6141d479a3ac815"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 3.0.2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "equivalent"
 version = "1.0.2"
@@ -628,7 +919,7 @@ version = "0.13.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c0b50bfb653653f9ca9095b427bed08ab8d75a137839d9ad64eb11810d5b6393"
 dependencies = [
- "rand_core",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "subtle",
 ]
 
@@ -638,6 +929,12 @@ version = "0.2.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "28dea519a9695b9977216879a3ebfddf92f1c08c05d984f8996aecd6ecdc811d"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "fiat-crypto"
+version = "0.3.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "64cd1e32ddd350061ae6edb1b082d7c54915b5c672c389143b9a63403a109f24"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "find-msvc-tools"
 version = "0.1.9"
@@ -727,10 +1024,16 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "gimli"
-version = "0.32.3"
+name = "getrandom"
+version = "0.4.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e629b9b98ef3dd8afe6ca2bd0f89306cec16d43d907889945bc5d6687f2f13c7"
+checksum = "300e883d756b2e4ec94e02791f39b04b522276138852cfc41d9fb7e904106099"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "libc",
+ "r-efi",
+ "rand_core 0.10.1",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "governance"
@@ -754,7 +1057,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "f0f9ef7462f7c099f518d754361858f86d8a07af53ba9af0fe635bbccb151a63"
 dependencies = [
  "ff",
- "rand_core",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
  "subtle",
 ]
 
@@ -765,18 +1068,52 @@ dependencies = [
  "soroban-sdk",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "hash32"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "47d60b12902ba28e2730cd37e95b8c9223af2808df9e902d4df49588d1470606"
+dependencies = [
+ "byteorder",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
 version = "0.12.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "8a9ee70c43aaf417c914396645a0fa852624801b24ebb7ae78fe8272889ac888"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "hashbrown"
+version = "0.15.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "9229cfe53dfd69f0609a49f65461bd93001ea1ef889cd5529dd176593f5338a1"
+dependencies = [
+ "allocator-api2",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "hashbrown"
 version = "0.17.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ed5909b6e89a2db4456e54cd5f673791d7eca6732202bbf2a9cc504fe2f9b84a"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "heapless"
+version = "0.8.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "0bfb9eb618601c89945a70e254898da93b13be0388091d42117462b265bb3fad"
+dependencies = [
+ "hash32",
+ "stable_deref_trait",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "heck"
+version = "0.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "2304e00983f87ffb38b55b444b5e3b60a884b5d30c0fca7d82fe33449bbe55ea"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "hex"
 version = "0.4.3"
@@ -805,7 +1142,16 @@ version = "0.12.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "6c49c37c09c17a53d937dfbb742eb3a961d65a994e6bcdcf37e7399d0cc8ab5e"
 dependencies = [
- "digest",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "hybrid-array"
+version = "0.4.14"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "707114b52a152fa7bdb290cd7cd5912d9467273b6d74e21b8d81aca1f8533f6b"
+dependencies = [
+ "typenum",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -897,9 +1243,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "itertools"
-version = "0.11.0"
+version = "0.13.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b1c173a5686ce8bfa551b3563d0c2170bf24ca44da99c7ca4bfdab5418c3fe57"
+checksum = "413ee7dfc52ee1a4949ceeb7dbc8a33f2d6c088194d9f922fb8318faf1f01186"
 dependencies = [
  "either",
 ]
@@ -930,7 +1276,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
  "ecdsa",
  "elliptic-curve",
- "sha2",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -939,7 +1285,7 @@ version = "0.1.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cb26cec98cce3a3d96cbb7bced3c4b16e3d13f27ec56dbd62cbc8f39cfb9d653"
 dependencies = [
- "cpufeatures",
+ "cpufeatures 0.2.17",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1005,19 +1351,21 @@ dependencies = [
 ]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "memchr"
-version = "2.8.3"
+name = "macro-string"
+version = "0.1.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cf8baf1c55e62ffcace7a9f06f4bd9cd3f0c4beb022d3b367256b91b87513d98"
+checksum = "1b27834086c65ec3f9387b096d66e99f221cf081c2b738042aa252bcd41204e3"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
 
 [[package]]
-name = "miniz_oxide"
-version = "0.8.9"
+name = "memchr"
+version = "2.8.3"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "1fa76a2c86f704bdb222d66965fb3d63269ce38518b83cb0575fca855ebb6316"
-dependencies = [
- "adler2",
-]
+checksum = "cf8baf1c55e62ffcace7a9f06f4bd9cd3f0c4beb022d3b367256b91b87513d98"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "mio"
@@ -1132,15 +1480,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "autocfg",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "object"
-version = "0.37.3"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "ff76201f031d8863c38aa7f905eca4f53abbfa15f609db4277d44cd8938f33fe"
-dependencies = [
- "memchr",
-]
-
 [[package]]
 name = "once_cell"
 version = "1.21.4"
@@ -1151,8 +1490,8 @@ checksum = "9f7c3e4beb33f85d45ae3e3a1792185706c8e16d043238c593331cc7cd313b50"
 name = "oracle"
 version = "0.1.0"
 dependencies = [
- "ed25519-dalek",
- "rand",
+ "ed25519-dalek 3.0.0",
+ "rand 0.10.2",
  "soroban-sdk",
 ]
 
@@ -1179,7 +1518,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "ecdsa",
  "elliptic-curve",
  "primeorder",
- "sha2",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1428,6 +1767,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "r-efi"
+version = "6.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "f8dcc9c7d52a811697d2151c701e0d08956f92b0e24136cf4cf27b57a6a0d9bf"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rand"
 version = "0.8.7"
@@ -1436,7 +1781,18 @@ checksum = "22f6172bdec972074665ed81ed53b71da00bfc44b65a753cfde883ec4c702a1a"
 dependencies = [
  "libc",
  "rand_chacha",
- "rand_core",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand"
+version = "0.10.2"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "c7f5fa3a058cd35567ef9bfa5e75732bee0f9e4c55fa90477bef2dfcdbc4be80"
+dependencies = [
+ "chacha20",
+ "getrandom 0.4.3",
+ "rand_core 0.10.1",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1446,7 +1802,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e6c10a63a0fa32252be49d21e7709d4d4baf8d231c2dbce1eaa8141b9b127d88"
 dependencies = [
  "ppv-lite86",
- "rand_core",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1455,9 +1811,15 @@ version = "0.6.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "ec0be4795e2f6a28069bec0b5ff3e2ac9bafc99e6a9a7dc3547996c5c816922c"
 dependencies = [
- "getrandom",
+ "getrandom 0.2.17",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_core"
+version = "0.10.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "63b8176103e19a2643978565ca18b50549f6101881c443590420e4dc998a3c69"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rbac"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -1546,12 +1908,6 @@ dependencies = [
  "soroban-sdk",
 ]
 
-[[package]]
-name = "rustc-demangle"
-version = "0.1.28"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "b74b56ffa8bb2830709a538c2cbcae9aa062db0d2a42563bfb09bdaae44020eb"
-
 [[package]]
 name = "rustc_version"
 version = "0.4.1"
@@ -1567,6 +1923,17 @@ version = "1.0.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "cf54715a573b99ac80df0bc206da022bcd442c974952c7b9720069370852e21f"
 
+[[package]]
+name = "schemars"
+version = "0.8.22"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3fbf2ae1b8bc8e02df939598064d22402220cd5bbcca1c76f7d6a310974d5615"
+dependencies = [
+ "dyn-clone",
+ "serde",
+ "serde_json",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "schemars"
 version = "0.9.0"
@@ -1672,12 +2039,13 @@ version = "3.21.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "76a5c54c7310e7b8b9577c286d7e399ddd876c3e12b3ed917a8aabc4b96e9e8c"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.22.1",
+ "base64",
  "bs58",
  "chrono",
  "hex",
  "indexmap 1.9.3",
  "indexmap 2.14.0",
+ "schemars 0.8.22",
  "schemars 0.9.0",
  "schemars 1.2.1",
  "serde_core",
@@ -1705,8 +2073,19 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "a7507d819769d01a365ab707794a4084392c824f54a7a6a7862f8c3d0892b283"
 dependencies = [
  "cfg-if",
- "cpufeatures",
- "digest",
+ "cpufeatures 0.2.17",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "sha2"
+version = "0.11.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "446ba717509524cb3f22f17ecc096f10f4822d76ab5c0b9822c5f9c284e825f4"
+dependencies = [
+ "cfg-if",
+ "cpufeatures 0.3.0",
+ "digest 0.11.3",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -1715,7 +2094,7 @@ version = "0.10.9"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "77fd7028345d415a4034cf8777cd4f8ab1851274233b45f84e3d955502d93874"
 dependencies = [
- "digest",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
  "keccak",
 ]
 
@@ -1741,10 +2120,16 @@ version = "2.2.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "77549399552de45a898a580c1b41d445bf730df867cc44e6c0233bbc4b8329de"
 dependencies = [
- "digest",
- "rand_core",
+ "digest 0.10.7",
+ "rand_core 0.6.4",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "signature"
+version = "3.0.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "28d567dcbaf0049cb8ac2608a76cd95ff9e4412e1899d389ee400918ca7537f5"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "skill_rating"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -1790,9 +2175,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-builtin-sdk-macros"
-version = "21.2.1"
+version = "27.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2f57a68ef8777e28e274de0f3a88ad9a5a41d9a2eb461b4dd800b086f0e83b80"
+checksum = "b77bc93d930032c487cb1506b6ed166b2af49db76d52678ec4887ac621ecce01"
 dependencies = [
  "itertools",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -1802,12 +2187,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-env-common"
-version = "21.2.1"
+version = "27.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2fd1c89463835fe6da996318156d39f424b4f167c725ec692e5a7a2d4e694b3d"
+checksum = "6b22e9981cdd444f3aa6734bc58d76195bf7eca3ccf1dd432b875af5d02da068"
 dependencies = [
  "arbitrary",
- "crate-git-revision",
+ "crate-git-revision 0.0.6",
  "ethnum",
  "num-derive",
  "num-traits",
@@ -1821,9 +2206,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-env-guest"
-version = "21.2.1"
+version = "27.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6bfb2536811045d5cd0c656a324cbe9ce4467eb734c7946b74410d90dea5d0ce"
+checksum = "2b6072f99ca6bf8e8d5b04e05d083dac785e5357d9c0f36a6658f819c2fd7d67"
 dependencies = [
  "soroban-env-common",
  "static_assertions",
@@ -1831,17 +2216,21 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-env-host"
-version = "21.2.1"
+version = "27.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2b7a32c28f281c423189f1298960194f0e0fc4eeb72378028171e556d8cd6160"
+checksum = "2c06afd7c75ce150ce53e4d77a77645b18e3fb61856a0ddc42bfcecdc39fa3b9"
 dependencies = [
- "backtrace",
- "curve25519-dalek",
+ "ark-bls12-381",
+ "ark-bn254",
+ "ark-ec",
+ "ark-ff",
+ "ark-serialize",
+ "curve25519-dalek 5.0.0",
  "ecdsa",
- "ed25519-dalek",
+ "ed25519-dalek 2.2.0",
  "elliptic-curve",
  "generic-array",
- "getrandom",
+ "getrandom 0.2.17",
  "hex-literal",
  "hmac",
  "k256",
@@ -1849,24 +2238,24 @@ dependencies = [
  "num-integer",
  "num-traits",
  "p256",
- "rand",
+ "rand 0.8.7",
  "rand_chacha",
  "sec1",
- "sha2",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
  "sha3",
  "soroban-builtin-sdk-macros",
  "soroban-env-common",
  "soroban-wasmi",
  "static_assertions",
- "stellar-strkey",
+ "stellar-strkey 0.0.13",
  "wasmparser",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-env-macros"
-version = "21.2.1"
+version = "27.0.1"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "242926fe5e0d922f12d3796cd7cd02dd824e5ef1caa088f45fce20b618309f64"
+checksum = "647811bdd28a3ec40296987f6635781e5e1141c8f5affbbd53ba12b6295b7bb6"
 dependencies = [
  "itertools",
  "proc-macro2",
@@ -1879,9 +2268,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-ledger-snapshot"
-version = "21.7.7"
+version = "27.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e6edf92749fd8399b417192d301c11f710b9cdce15789a3d157785ea971576fa"
+checksum = "b59883d8bd0d1aed8d57579a9974ab88eaf787dd0a1af104f6881b5707450558"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -1893,16 +2282,17 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-sdk"
-version = "21.7.7"
+version = "27.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7dcdf04484af7cc731a7a48ad1d9f5f940370edeea84734434ceaf398a6b862e"
+checksum = "6c3f21971c84fcfb08957e3e8f5a9a70f134cb07ad9ee053ac7e6d7a887a82af"
 dependencies = [
  "arbitrary",
  "bytes-lit",
+ "crate-git-revision 0.0.9",
  "ctor",
  "derive_arbitrary",
- "ed25519-dalek",
- "rand",
+ "ed25519-dalek 2.2.0",
+ "rand 0.8.7",
  "rustc_version",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
@@ -1910,22 +2300,23 @@ dependencies = [
  "soroban-env-host",
  "soroban-ledger-snapshot",
  "soroban-sdk-macros",
- "stellar-strkey",
+ "stellar-strkey 0.0.16",
+ "visibility",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-sdk-macros"
-version = "21.7.7"
+version = "27.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0974e413731aeff2443f2305b344578b3f1ffd18335a7ba0f0b5d2eb4e94c9ce"
+checksum = "3bd4a847273d749807fe2eb52e2b9c1917ee482cd6a39465cad5c389548996ad"
 dependencies = [
- "crate-git-revision",
  "darling 0.20.11",
+ "heck",
  "itertools",
+ "macro-string",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "rustc_version",
- "sha2",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
  "soroban-env-common",
  "soroban-spec",
  "soroban-spec-rust",
@@ -1935,11 +2326,12 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-spec"
-version = "21.7.7"
+version = "27.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "c2c70b20e68cae3ef700b8fa3ae29db1c6a294b311fba66918f90cb8f9fd0a1a"
+checksum = "473404322827b285cbcd87517f365986bd63af7842c78b2a86ee061715fda61e"
 dependencies = [
- "base64 0.13.1",
+ "base64",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
  "stellar-xdr",
  "thiserror",
  "wasmparser",
@@ -1947,14 +2339,14 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "soroban-spec-rust"
-version = "21.7.7"
+version = "27.0.6"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a2dafbde981b141b191c6c036abc86097070ddd6eaaa33b273701449501e43d3"
+checksum = "2f25698b6ce2125850a9ef075cf9ba1e8d25b4cfa0c46aca42dadd80cc29d881"
 dependencies = [
  "prettyplease",
  "proc-macro2",
  "quote",
- "sha2",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
  "soroban-spec",
  "stellar-xdr",
  "syn 2.0.119",
@@ -1990,6 +2382,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "der",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "stable_deref_trait"
+version = "1.2.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "6ce2be8dc25455e1f91df71bfa12ad37d7af1092ae736f3a6cd0e37bc7810596"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "staking"
 version = "0.1.0"
@@ -2005,29 +2403,42 @@ checksum = "a2eb9349b6444b326872e140eb1cf5e7c522154d69e7a0ffb0fb81c06b37543f"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "stellar-strkey"
-version = "0.0.8"
+version = "0.0.13"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "12d2bf45e114117ea91d820a846fd1afbe3ba7d717988fee094ce8227a3bf8bd"
+checksum = "ee1832fb50c651ad10f734aaf5d31ca5acdfb197a6ecda64d93fcdb8885af913"
 dependencies = [
- "base32",
- "crate-git-revision",
- "thiserror",
+ "crate-git-revision 0.0.6",
+ "data-encoding",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "stellar-strkey"
+version = "0.0.16"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "084afcb0d458c3d5d5baa2d294b18f881e62cc258ef539d8fdf68be7dbe45520"
+dependencies = [
+ "crate-git-revision 0.0.6",
+ "data-encoding",
+ "heapless",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "stellar-xdr"
-version = "21.2.0"
+version = "27.0.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2675a71212ed39a806e415b0dbf4702879ff288ec7f5ee996dda42a135512b50"
+checksum = "05ff843326969bdf1ef673dcdba94c08f4a3c8f1e58d6e6ef39b1bd4f749179a"
 dependencies = [
  "arbitrary",
- "base64 0.13.1",
- "crate-git-revision",
+ "base64",
+ "cfg_eval",
+ "crate-git-revision 0.0.6",
  "escape-bytes",
+ "ethnum",
  "hex",
  "serde",
  "serde_with",
- "stellar-strkey",
+ "sha2 0.10.9",
+ "stellar-strkey 0.0.13",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -2238,6 +2649,17 @@ dependencies = [
  "soroban-sdk",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "visibility"
+version = "0.1.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d674d135b4a8c1d7e813e2f8d1c9a58308aee4a680323066025e53132218bd91"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "wasi"
 version = "0.11.1+wasi-snapshot-preview1"
@@ -2433,6 +2855,20 @@ name = "zeroize"
 version = "1.9.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "e13c156562582aa81c60cb29407084cdb54c4164760106ab78e6c5b0858cf64e"
+dependencies = [
+ "zeroize_derive",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zeroize_derive"
+version = "1.5.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "3c50655cbb0fe3fc43170059e702f1ce5e19b84cec58dc87b037a09935c2f328"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn 2.0.119",
+]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "zk_proof"
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index cec7113..5e7e695 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ members = ["contracts/subscription",
 
 
 [workspace.dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = { version = "21.0.0" }
+soroban-sdk = { version = "27.0.6" }
 # Pin ed25519-dalek to 2.x: soroban-env-host 21.x uses the v2 rand_core API;
 # the Cargo resolver was selecting v3 which broke SigningKey::generate.
-ed25519-dalek = { version = "=2.2.0", features = ["rand_core"] }
+ed25519-dalek = { version = "=3.0.0", features = ["rand_core"] }
 
 [workspace.lints.rust]
 # unsafe_code intentionally NOT enforced: Soroban SDK / FFI shims require unsafe
diff --git a/contracts/battle_pass/Cargo.toml b/contracts/battle_pass/Cargo.toml
index f1158bf..6a6fa30 100644
--- a/contracts/battle_pass/Cargo.toml
+++ b/contracts/battle_pass/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = "21.0.0"
+soroban-sdk = "27.0.6"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = { version = "21.0.0", features = ["testutils"] }
+soroban-sdk = { version = "27.0.6", features = ["testutils"] }
diff --git a/contracts/charity_donation/Cargo.toml b/contracts/charity_donation/Cargo.toml
index fbbd6a8..937e77a 100644
--- a/contracts/charity_donation/Cargo.toml
+++ b/contracts/charity_donation/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@ edition = "2021"
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = "21.0.0"
+soroban-sdk = "27.0.6"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = { version = "21.0.0", features = ["testutils"] }
+soroban-sdk = { version = "27.0.6", features = ["testutils"] }
 
 [profile.release]
 opt-level = "z"
diff --git a/contracts/gamification_rewards/Cargo.toml b/contracts/gamification_rewards/Cargo.toml
index 6a39048..35ff5a5 100644
--- a/contracts/gamification_rewards/Cargo.toml
+++ b/contracts/gamification_rewards/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = "21.0.0"
+soroban-sdk = "27.0.6"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = { version = "21.0.0", features = ["testutils"] }
+soroban-sdk = { version = "27.0.6", features = ["testutils"] }
diff --git a/contracts/oracle/Cargo.toml b/contracts/oracle/Cargo.toml
index 8e9fab7..6528068 100644
--- a/contracts/oracle/Cargo.toml
+++ b/contracts/oracle/Cargo.toml
@@ -10,8 +10,8 @@ crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 soroban-sdk = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-ed25519-dalek = "2.2.0"
-rand = "0.8.5"
+ed25519-dalek = "3.0.0"
+rand = "0.10.2"
 soroban-sdk = { workspace = true, features = ["testutils"] }
 
 [features]
diff --git a/contracts/prize_pool/Cargo.toml b/contracts/prize_pool/Cargo.toml
index 5ed3bdc..eb95125 100644
--- a/contracts/prize_pool/Cargo.toml
+++ b/contracts/prize_pool/Cargo.toml
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ edition = "2021"
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = "21.0.0"
+soroban-sdk = "27.0.6"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 # enable test utilities (register_contract helpers, mock env helpers)
-soroban-sdk = { version = "21.0.0", features = ["testutils"] }
+soroban-sdk = { version = "27.0.6", features = ["testutils"] }
diff --git a/contracts/token_burn/Cargo.toml b/contracts/token_burn/Cargo.toml
index 95b39c1..c5db638 100644
--- a/contracts/token_burn/Cargo.toml
+++ b/contracts/token_burn/Cargo.toml
@@ -8,10 +8,10 @@ publish = false
 crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 
 [dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = "21.0.0"
+soroban-sdk = "27.0.6"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
-soroban-sdk = { version = "21.0.0", features = ["testutils"] }
+soroban-sdk = { version = "27.0.6", features = ["testutils"] }
 
 [profile.release]
 opt-level = "z"