GitBook: [master] 16 pages modified

Author: edschofield

README.md

@@ -1,14 +1,8 @@
-# Welcome!
+# Introduction
 
-We are delighted that you will be attending a Python training course run by
-[Python Charmers](https://pythoncharmers.com)! These materials describe how best
-to prepare for the course.
+We are delighted that you will be attending a Python training course run by [Python Charmers](https://pythoncharmers.com)! These materials describe how best to prepare for the course.
 
-These materials are based on the free online book "A Byte of Python" by Swaroop
-C H but customized by Python Charmers to be optimal as pre-course reading for
-Python Charmers' [Introduction to
-Python](https://pythoncharmers.com/training/introduction-to-python/) course and
-other courses.
+These materials are based on the free online book "A Byte of Python" by Swaroop C H but customized by Python Charmers to be optimal as pre-course reading for Python Charmers' [Introduction to Python](https://pythoncharmers.com/training/introduction-to-python/) course and other courses.
 
 It includes a tutorial or introductory guide to the Python language \(version 3\) for a beginner audience. If all you know about computers is how to save text files, then this is the book for you.
 
@@ -24,6 +18,5 @@ This book is licensed under a [Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 Inter
 
 ## Read online
 
-The book is hosted online
-[here](https://app.gitbook.com/@pythoncharmers/s/course-preparation/](https://app.gitbook.com/@pythoncharmers/s/course-preparation/).
+The book is hosted online [here\]\(https://app.gitbook.com/@pythoncharmers/s/course-preparation/](https://app.gitbook.com/@pythoncharmers/s/course-preparation/).
 

SUMMARY.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 # Table of contents
 
-* [Welcome](README.md)
+* [Introduction](README.md)
 * [What To Expect](what_to_expect.md)
 * [Background Study](preparation.md)
 * [About Python](about_python.md)

about_python.md

@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ Remember that once you have properly understood and learn to use one version, yo
 
 For details on differences between Python 2 and Python 3, see:
 
-- [The future of Python 2](http://lwn.net/Articles/547191/)
-- [Porting Python 2 Code to Python 3](https://docs.python.org/3/howto/pyporting.html)
-- [Writing code that runs under both Python2 and 3](http://python-future.org/compatible_idioms.html)
-- [Supporting Python 3: An in-depth guide](http://python3porting.com)
+* [The future of Python 2](http://lwn.net/Articles/547191/)
+* [Porting Python 2 Code to Python 3](https://docs.python.org/3/howto/pyporting.html)
+* [Writing code that runs under both Python2 and 3](http://python-future.org/compatible_idioms.html)
+* [Supporting Python 3: An in-depth guide](http://python3porting.com)
 
 ## What Programmers Say
 

control_flow.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The `if` statement is used to check a condition: _if_ the condition is true, we
 
 Example \(save as `if.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 number = 23
 guess = int(input('Enter an integer : '))
 
@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ else:
 print('Done')
 # This last statement is always executed,
 # after the if statement is executed.
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -51,7 +50,6 @@ Enter an integer : 23
 Congratulations, you guessed it.
 (but you do not win any prizes!)
 Done
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -91,7 +89,7 @@ The `while` statement allows you to repeatedly execute a block of statements as
 
 Example \(save as `while.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 number = 23
 running = True
 
@@ -111,7 +109,6 @@ else:
     # Do anything else you want to do here
 
 print('Done')
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -126,7 +123,6 @@ Enter an integer : 23
 Congratulations, you guessed it.
 The while loop is over.
 Done
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -149,12 +145,11 @@ The `for..in` statement is another looping statement which _iterates_ over a seq
 
 Example \(save as `for.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 for i in range(1, 5):
     print(i)
 else:
     print('The for loop is over')
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -166,7 +161,6 @@ $ python for.py
 3
 4
 The for loop is over
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -197,14 +191,13 @@ An important note is that if you _break_ out of a `for` or `while` loop, any cor
 
 Example \(save as `break.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 while True:
     s = input('Enter something : ')
     if s == 'quit':
         break
     print('Length of the string is', len(s))
 print('Done')
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -221,7 +214,6 @@ Enter something : use Python!
 Length of the string is 11
 Enter something : quit
 Done
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -249,7 +241,7 @@ The `continue` statement is used to tell Python to skip the rest of the statemen
 
 Example \(save as `continue.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 while True:
     s = input('Enter something : ')
     if s == 'quit':
@@ -259,7 +251,6 @@ while True:
         continue
     print('Input is of sufficient length')
     # Do other kinds of processing here...
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -273,7 +264,6 @@ Too small
 Enter something : abc
 Input is of sufficient length
 Enter something : quit
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**

data_structures.md

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ A class can also have _fields_ which are nothing but variables defined for use w
 
 Example \(save as `ds_using_list.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 # This is my shopping list
 shoplist = ['apple', 'mango', 'carrot', 'banana']
 
@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ olditem = shoplist[0]
 del shoplist[0]
 print('I bought the', olditem)
 print('My shopping list is now', shoplist)
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -61,7 +60,6 @@ Sorted shopping list is ['apple', 'banana', 'carrot', 'mango', 'rice']
 The first item I will buy is apple
 I bought the apple
 My shopping list is now ['banana', 'carrot', 'mango', 'rice']
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -90,7 +88,7 @@ Tuples are usually used in cases where a statement or a user-defined function ca
 
 Example \(save as `ds_using_tuple.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 # I would recommend always using parentheses
 # to indicate start and end of tuple
 # even though parentheses are optional.
@@ -105,7 +103,6 @@ print('Animals brought from old zoo are', new_zoo[2])
 print('Last animal brought from old zoo is', new_zoo[2][2])
 print('Number of animals in the new zoo is',
       len(new_zoo)-1+len(new_zoo[2]))
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -118,7 +115,6 @@ All animals in new zoo are ('monkey', 'camel', ('python', 'elephant', 'penguin')
 Animals brought from old zoo are ('python', 'elephant', 'penguin')
 Last animal brought from old zoo is penguin
 Number of animals in the new zoo is 5
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -132,7 +128,7 @@ We can access the items in the tuple by specifying the item's position within a
 > **Tuple with 0 or 1 items**
 >
 > An empty tuple is constructed by an empty pair of parentheses such as `myempty = ()`. However, a tuple with a single item is not so simple. You have to specify it using a comma following the first \(and only\) item so that Python can differentiate between a tuple and a pair of parentheses surrounding the object in an expression i.e. you have to specify `singleton = (2 , )` if you mean you want a tuple containing the item `2`.
-
+>
 > **Note for Perl programmers**
 >
 > A list within a list does not lose its identity i.e. lists are not flattened as in Perl. The same applies to a tuple within a tuple, or a tuple within a list, or a list within a tuple, etc. As far as Python is concerned, they are just objects stored using another object, that's all.
@@ -151,7 +147,7 @@ The dictionaries that you will be using are instances/objects of the `dict` clas
 
 Example \(save as `ds_using_dict.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 # 'ab' is short for 'a'ddress'b'ook
 
 ab = {
@@ -176,7 +172,6 @@ ab['Guido'] = '[email protected]'
 
 if 'Guido' in ab:
     print("\nGuido's address is", ab['Guido'])
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -192,7 +187,6 @@ Contact Matsumoto at [email protected]
 Contact Larry at [email protected]
 
 Guido's address is [email protected]
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -223,7 +217,7 @@ The three types of sequences mentioned above - lists, tuples and strings, also h
 
 Example \(save as `ds_seq.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 shoplist = ['apple', 'mango', 'carrot', 'banana']
 name = 'swaroop'
 
@@ -247,7 +241,6 @@ print('characters 1 to 3 is', name[1:3])
 print('characters 2 to end is', name[2:])
 print('characters 1 to -1 is', name[1:-1])
 print('characters start to end is', name[:])
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -269,7 +262,6 @@ characters 1 to 3 is wa
 characters 2 to end is aroop
 characters 1 to -1 is waroo
 characters start to end is swaroop
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -337,7 +329,7 @@ Generally, you don't need to be worried about this, but there is a subtle effect
 
 Example \(save as `ds_reference.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 print('Simple Assignment')
 shoplist = ['apple', 'mango', 'carrot', 'banana']
 # mylist is just another name pointing to the same object!
@@ -361,7 +353,6 @@ del mylist[0]
 print('shoplist is', shoplist)
 print('mylist is', mylist)
 # Notice that now the two lists are different
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -374,7 +365,6 @@ mylist is ['mango', 'carrot', 'banana']
 Copy by making a full slice
 shoplist is ['mango', 'carrot', 'banana']
 mylist is ['carrot', 'banana']
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**
@@ -395,7 +385,7 @@ The strings that you use in programs are all objects of the class `str`. Some us
 
 Example \(save as `ds_str_methods.py`\):
 
-```py
+```python
 # This is a string object
 name = 'Swaroop'
 
@@ -411,7 +401,6 @@ if name.find('war') != -1:
 delimiter = '_*_'
 mylist = ['Brazil', 'Russia', 'India', 'China']
 print(delimiter.join(mylist))
-
 ```
 
 Output:
@@ -422,7 +411,6 @@ Yes, the string starts with "Swa"
 Yes, it contains the string "a"
 Yes, it contains the string "war"
 Brazil_*_Russia_*_India_*_China
-
 ```
 
 **How It Works**