🟢 Kinematics (1D & 2D Motion)
A car starts from rest and accelerates at 2.5
m/s 2 2.5m/s 2 for 8 seconds.
a) What is its final velocity?
b) How far does it travel?
A ball is thrown straight upward with an initial speed of 18
m/s 18m/s.
a) How long does it take to reach maximum height?
b) What is the maximum height?
4 𝑡 − 2 v(t)=4t−2.
a) At what time is the runner at rest?
5 t=5?
A projectile is launched at 30 ∘ 30 ∘ above the horizontal with a speed of 20
m/s 20m/s.
a) Time of flight
b) Maximum height
c) Horizontal range
Conceptual: If gravity were suddenly turned off mid-flight, what path would a projectile follow?
🟢 Newton’s Laws & Forces
A 6
kg 6kg box is pushed with a horizontal force of 24
N 24N. The coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.20.
a) What is the acceleration?
b) What is the net force?
A person stands on a scale in an elevator accelerating upward.
a) Why does the scale reading increase?
b) What happens if the elevator accelerates downward?
10
N F 1
10
N F 2
=10N north.
a) Find the magnitude of the net force
b) Direction of acceleration
A mass hangs from two ropes at equal angles from the ceiling.
a) Why is the tension in each rope greater than half the weight?
b) What happens as the ropes become more horizontal?
Conceptual: Can an object move in one direction while the net force points in the opposite direction? Explain.
🟢 Work, Energy, Power
How much work is done lifting a 5
kg 5kg object 2.5
m 2.5m vertically?
A 2
kg 2kg block slides down a frictionless ramp from a height of 3
m 3m.
a) Speed at the bottom
b) Does mass matter?
400
N/m k=400N/m is compressed 0.15
m 0.15m.
a) Elastic potential energy
b) Maximum force exerted by the spring
A machine lifts a 50
kg 50kg load at constant speed using 500
W 500W.
a) How long to lift it 10
m 10m?
b) Why doesn’t speed affect work done?
Conceptual: When is mechanical energy not conserved?
🟢 Momentum & Collisions
A 0.15
kg 0.15kg baseball moving at 40
m/s 40m/s is caught and brought to rest in 0.02
s 0.02s.
a) Impulse
b) Average force
Two carts collide elastically. Cart A (2 kg) moves at 5 m/s and Cart B (1 kg) is at rest.
a) Final velocities
b) Is kinetic energy conserved?
A bullet embeds itself in a block initially at rest on a frictionless surface.
a) Is momentum conserved?
b) Is kinetic energy conserved?
A rocket expels gas backward in space.
a) Why does it accelerate forward?
b) What law explains this?
Conceptual: Why are airbags effective in reducing injury?
🟢 Rotational Motion & Torque
A door is pushed at the handle instead of near the hinge.
a) Why is it easier to open?
b) What quantity increases?
A disk rotates with constant angular acceleration.
a) Write the rotational kinematic equations
b) How are they related to linear motion?
A 3
kg 3kg mass is attached to a string and whirled in a circle of radius 0.8
m 0.8m at 6
m/s 6m/s.
a) Centripetal force
b) Direction of the force
A seesaw is in rotational equilibrium.
a) What conditions must be satisfied?
b) What happens if torque isn’t balanced?
Conceptual: Can an object rotate without translating? Can it translate without rotating?
🟢 Oscillations & Waves
500
2
kg m=2kg.
a) Period of oscillation
b) Does amplitude affect the period?
A pendulum has a length of 1.2
m 1.2m.
a) Period
b) What changes if it’s taken to the Moon?
A wave travels at 15
m/s 15m/s with a frequency of 3
Hz 3Hz.
a) Wavelength
b) Effect of increasing frequency
Sound waves travel slower in cold air than warm air.
a) Why?
b) What property of the medium matters?
Conceptual: Why can’t mechanical waves travel through a vacuum?
🟢 Mixed / Exam-Style Questions
A block slides down a rough incline and then compresses a spring.
Combine energy + friction + springs to find max compression.
A projectile is fired horizontally from a cliff.
Explain why vertical and horizontal motions are independent.
A spinning ice skater pulls in her arms.
a) What happens to angular velocity?
b) Which principle applies?
A car rounds a flat curve too fast and skids outward.
a) What force provides centripetal acceleration?
b) Why does it fail?
Conceptual: Which quantities are vectors and which are scalars? Give examples.