main.cpp

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>
#include <chrono>
#include <thread>
#include <conio.h>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std::this_thread;
using namespace std::chrono_literals;
using namespace std;

enum Input {
    UP,
    DOWN,
    LEFT,
    RIGHT,
    EXIT,
    NONE
};

struct Player {
    char symbol = 'o';
    string name;
    int position[2] = { 1, 1 };
    int moves = 0;
    int totalMoves = 0;
};

struct Game {
    bool inProgress = true;
    int mazeSize = 20;
    int level = 1;
    int numOfLevels = 5;
    Input input;
    Player player;
    char** maze;
};

char** loadMaze(const std::string& filename) {
    ifstream file(filename);

    vector<string> lines;
    string line;

    // Read each line from the file into the vector
    while (getline(file, line)) {
        lines.push_back(line);
    }
    file.close();

    // Determine dimensions of the 2D array
    const int rows = lines.size();
    const int cols = rows > 0 ? lines[0].size() : 0;

    // Create the 2D array
    const auto maze = new char*[rows];

    for (int i = 0; i < rows; ++i) {
        maze[i] = new char[cols];
        for (int j = 0; j < cols; ++j) {
            if (j < lines[i].size()) {
                maze[i][j] = lines[i][j];
            } else {
                maze[i][j] = ' '; // Fill with space if the line is shorter
            }
        }
    }

    return maze;
}

// Deletes the dynamically allocated memory to avoid memory leak
void deleteMaze(char** maze) {
    for (int i = 0; i < 20; ++i) {
        delete[] maze[i];
    }
    delete[] maze;
}

Input getInput() {
    if (GetKeyState(VK_ESCAPE) & 0x8000) {
        return EXIT;
    } else if (GetKeyState(VK_UP) & 0x8000) {
        return UP;
    } else if (GetKeyState(VK_DOWN) & 0x8000) {
        return DOWN;
    } else if (GetKeyState(VK_LEFT) & 0x8000) {
        return LEFT;
    } else if (GetKeyState(VK_RIGHT) & 0x8000) {
        return RIGHT;
    }
    return NONE;
}

void move(char** maze, Player &player, const Input direction) {
    switch (direction) {
        case UP:
            if (maze[player.position[0]-1][player.position[1]] != '#') {
                maze[player.position[0]-1][player.position[1]] = player.symbol;
                maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]] = ' ';
                player.position[0]--;
            }
        break;
        case DOWN:
            if (maze[player.position[0]+1][player.position[1]] != '#') {
                maze[player.position[0]+1][player.position[1]] = player.symbol;
                maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]] = ' ';
                player.position[0]++;
            }
        break;
        case LEFT:
            if (maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]-1] != '#') {
                maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]-1] = player.symbol;
                maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]] = ' ';
                player.position[1]--;
            }
        break;
        case RIGHT:
            if (maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]+1] != '#') {
                maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]+1] = player.symbol;
                maze[player.position[0]][player.position[1]] = ' ';
                player.position[1]++;
            }
        break;
        default:
        break;
    }
}

void displayTitle() {
    // Output title
    cout << "\033[32m"; // Set colour to green
    cout << ",--.   ,--.                        ,----.                          " << endl;
    cout << "|   `.'   |,--,--,-----.,---.     '  .-./   ,--,--,--,--,--.,---.  " << endl;
    cout << "|  |'.'|  ' ,-.  `-.  /| .-. :    |  | .---' ,-.  |        | .-. : " << endl;
    cout << R"(|  |   |  \ '-'  |/  `-\   --.    '  '--'  \ '-'  |  |  |  \   --. )" << endl;
    cout << "`--'   `--'`--`--`-----'`----'     `------' `--`--`--`--`--'`----' " << endl;
    cout << "\033[0m"; // Set colour to white
}

// Outputs maze to console
void displayMaze(const Game &game) {
    // Clear console
    system("cls");

    displayTitle();

    // Output level number
    cout << "\033[92mLevel: " << game.level << "\033[0m" << endl;

    // Output active player's name
    cout << "\033[92mPlayer: " << game.player.name << "\033[0m" << endl;

    // Output maze
    for(int a = 0; a < game.mazeSize; a++)
    {
        for(int b = 0; b < game.mazeSize; b++)
        {
            cout << game.maze[a][b] << " ";
        }
        cout << endl;
    }

    // Output info
    cout << "\033[92m"; // Set colour to green
    cout << "Moves made: " << game.player.moves << endl;
    cout << "\033[0m"; // Set colour to white
}

void displayReview(int level, int moves) {
    system("cls"); // Clear the console
    cout << "\033[92m"; // Set colour to green
    cout << "You completed level: " << level << endl;
    cout << "Moves made: " << moves << endl;
    cout << "\033[0m"; // Set colour to white
    system("pause");
}

Game gameUpdate(Game &game) {
    game.input = getInput();

    if (game.input != NONE) {
        move(game.maze, game.player, game.input);
        game.player.moves++;
        displayMaze(game);
    }

    // Check to see if user has reached the end of the maze
    if (game.player.position[0] == 18 && game.player.position[1] == 18) {
        displayReview(game.level, game.player.moves);
        game.player.totalMoves += game.player.moves;
        game.level++;

        // Check if there is another level and load it
        if (game.level <= game.numOfLevels) {
            game.player.moves = 0;
            game.maze = loadMaze("maze"+ to_string(game.level) +".txt");
            game.player.position[0] = 1;
            game.player.position[1] = 1;
            displayMaze(game);
        }
    }

    // Exit game and return to menu
    if (game.input == EXIT) {
        game.inProgress = false;
        system("cls");
        return game;
    }

    return game;
}

void sortLeaderboard(vector<string>& leaderboard) {
    int n = leaderboard.size();
    int score1 = 0, score2 = 0;

    // Bubble sort the leaderboard
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = 0; j < n - i - 1; j++) {

            // Extract the scores from each line as an integer
            score1 = 0;
            score2 = 0;

            stringstream number1;
            number1 << leaderboard[j];
            number1 >> score1;

            stringstream number2;
            number2 << leaderboard[j + 1];
            number2 >> score2;

            if (score1 > score2) {
                swap(leaderboard[j], leaderboard[j + 1]);
            }
        }
    }
}

void displayLeaderboard(int totalMoves, const string& player) {

    // Write user's most recent score to the file
    if (player != "null") {
        fstream file("leaderboard.txt", ios::app);

        file << totalMoves << " - " << player << endl;
        file.close();
    }

    // Open the file in read mode
    ifstream leaderboard("leaderboard.txt");

    vector<string> lines;
    string line;

    // Read each line from the file into the vector
    while (getline(leaderboard, line)) {
        lines.push_back(line);
    }

    leaderboard.close();

    // Sort the leaderboard by moves made
    sortLeaderboard(lines);

    cout << "\033[92m";
    cout << "Leaderboard:" << endl;
    for (int i = 0; i < lines.size(); i++) {
        cout << i+1 << ". " << lines[i] << endl;
    }
    cout << "\033[0m";
};

void endGame(Game &game) {
    system("cls");
    cout << "\033[92m"; // Set colour to green
    cout << "Congratulations " << game.player.name <<"!" << endl;
    cout << "You have completed the maze game." << endl << endl;
    cout << "Statistics:" << endl;
    cout << "Total moves made: " << game.player.totalMoves << endl << endl;
    cout << "\033[0m";

    displayLeaderboard(game.player.totalMoves, game.player.name);

    deleteMaze(game.maze);
    game.inProgress = false;
    system("pause");
    system("cls");
}

void introMenu() {
    displayTitle();

    cout << "\033[92m";

    cout << "1. Start Game" << endl;
    cout << "2. Rules & Controls" << endl;
    cout << "3. Leaderboard" << endl;
    cout << "4. Exit" << endl;
    cout << "Enter Your Choice: ";
    cout << "\033[0m";

    int choice;
    cin >> choice;

    system("cls");

    switch (choice) {
        case 1:
        break;
        case 2:
            cout << "\033[92m";
            cout << "Rules" << endl << endl;
            cout << "The aim of the game is to reach the end of the maze (marked by an 'x') in the fewest moves possible." << endl;
            cout << "Your final score is the total number of moves made throughout all of the mazes (Lower is better)." << endl << endl;
            cout << "Controls" << endl << endl;
            cout << "Movement: Arrow Keys" << endl;
            cout << "End Game & Return to Menu: Esc" << endl << endl;
            cout << "\033[0m";
            system("pause");
            system("cls");
            introMenu();
        break;
        case 3:
            system("cls");
            displayLeaderboard(0, "null");
            system("pause");
            system("cls");
            introMenu();
        break;
        case 4:
            exit(0);
        default:
            cout << "\033[1;91m";
            cout << "Invalid Choice!" << endl;
            cout << "\033[0m";
            system("pause");
            system("cls");
            introMenu();
        break;
    }
};

int main() {
    while (true) {
        introMenu();

        Game game;

        // Load the first maze from the file
        game.maze = loadMaze("maze"+ to_string(game.level) +".txt");

        // Get user's name
        cout << "\033[92m";
        cout << "Enter your name: ";
        cin >> game.player.name;

        displayMaze(game);

        while (game.inProgress) {
            if (game.level > game.numOfLevels) {
                endGame(game);
            } else {
                gameUpdate(game);
                sleep_for(0.1s);
            }
        }
    }
}