diff --git a/starlette/middleware/gzip.py b/starlette/middleware/gzip.py
index abd898b2d..b17464cc6 100644
--- a/starlette/middleware/gzip.py
+++ b/starlette/middleware/gzip.py
@@ -5,14 +5,28 @@
 from starlette.datastructures import Headers, MutableHeaders
 from starlette.types import ASGIApp, Message, Receive, Scope, Send
 
-DEFAULT_EXCLUDED_CONTENT_TYPES = ("text/event-stream",)
+DEFAULT_EXCLUDED_CONTENT_TYPES = (
+    "text/event-stream",
+    "application/zip",
+    "application/gzip",
+    "application/x-gzip",
+)
 
 
 class GZipMiddleware:
-    def __init__(self, app: ASGIApp, minimum_size: int = 500, compresslevel: int = 9) -> None:
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: ASGIApp,
+        minimum_size: int = 500,
+        compresslevel: int = 9,
+        *,
+        excluded_content_types: tuple[str, ...] = DEFAULT_EXCLUDED_CONTENT_TYPES,
+        additional_excluded_content_types: tuple[str, ...] = (),
+    ) -> None:
         self.app = app
         self.minimum_size = minimum_size
         self.compresslevel = compresslevel
+        self.excluded_content_types = excluded_content_types + additional_excluded_content_types
 
     async def __call__(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
         if scope["type"] != "http":  # pragma: no cover
@@ -22,9 +36,16 @@ async def __call__(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
         headers = Headers(scope=scope)
         responder: ASGIApp
         if "gzip" in headers.get("Accept-Encoding", ""):
-            responder = GZipResponder(self.app, self.minimum_size, compresslevel=self.compresslevel)
+            responder = GZipResponder(
+                self.app,
+                self.minimum_size,
+                excluded_content_types=self.excluded_content_types,
+                compresslevel=self.compresslevel,
+            )
         else:
-            responder = IdentityResponder(self.app, self.minimum_size)
+            responder = IdentityResponder(
+                self.app, self.minimum_size, excluded_content_types=self.excluded_content_types
+            )
 
         await responder(scope, receive, send)
 
@@ -32,9 +53,10 @@ async def __call__(self, scope: Scope, receive: Receive, send: Send) -> None:
 class IdentityResponder:
     content_encoding: str
 
-    def __init__(self, app: ASGIApp, minimum_size: int) -> None:
+    def __init__(self, app: ASGIApp, minimum_size: int, *, excluded_content_types: tuple[str, ...]) -> None:
         self.app = app
         self.minimum_size = minimum_size
+        self.excluded_content_types = excluded_content_types
         self.send: Send = unattached_send
         self.initial_message: Message = {}
         self.started = False
@@ -53,7 +75,7 @@ async def send_with_compression(self, message: Message) -> None:
             self.initial_message = message
             headers = Headers(raw=self.initial_message["headers"])
             self.content_encoding_set = "content-encoding" in headers
-            self.content_type_is_excluded = headers.get("content-type", "").startswith(DEFAULT_EXCLUDED_CONTENT_TYPES)
+            self.content_type_is_excluded = headers.get("content-type", "").startswith(self.excluded_content_types)
         elif message_type == "http.response.body" and (self.content_encoding_set or self.content_type_is_excluded):
             if not self.started:
                 self.started = True
@@ -119,8 +141,15 @@ def apply_compression(self, body: bytes, *, more_body: bool) -> bytes:
 class GZipResponder(IdentityResponder):
     content_encoding = "gzip"
 
-    def __init__(self, app: ASGIApp, minimum_size: int, compresslevel: int = 9) -> None:
-        super().__init__(app, minimum_size)
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        app: ASGIApp,
+        minimum_size: int,
+        compresslevel: int = 9,
+        *,
+        excluded_content_types: tuple[str, ...],
+    ) -> None:
+        super().__init__(app, minimum_size, excluded_content_types=excluded_content_types)
 
         self.gzip_buffer = io.BytesIO()
         self.gzip_file = gzip.GzipFile(mode="wb", fileobj=self.gzip_buffer, compresslevel=compresslevel)