diff --git a/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJelly.scala b/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJelly.scala
index 42336a9..9aac84a 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJelly.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJelly.scala
@@ -5,18 +5,20 @@ import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.*
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.command.rdf.util.*
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.command.rdf.util.RdfFormat.*
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.util.args.IndexRange
+import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.util.jena.StreamRdfBatchWriter
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.convert.jena.JenaConverterFactory
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.core.JellyOptions
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.core.RdfHandler.AnyStatementHandler
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.core.proto.v1.RdfStreamFrame
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.core.proto.google.v1 as google
 import org.apache.jena.graph.{Node, Triple}
-import org.apache.jena.riot.Lang
+import org.apache.jena.riot.system.StreamRDF
 import org.apache.jena.riot.system.StreamRDFWriter
 import org.apache.jena.sparql.core.Quad
 
 import java.io.{InputStream, OutputStream}
 import scala.jdk.CollectionConverters.*
+import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.util.jena.StreamRdfCombiningBatchWriter
 
 object RdfFromJellyPrint extends RdfCommandPrintUtil[RdfFormat.Writeable]:
   override val defaultFormat: RdfFormat = RdfFormat.NQuads
@@ -27,7 +29,10 @@ object RdfFromJellyPrint extends RdfCommandPrintUtil[RdfFormat.Writeable]:
     "If no output file is specified, the output is written to stdout.\n" +
     "If an error is detected, the program will exit with a non-zero code.\n" +
     "Otherwise, the program will exit with code 0.\n" +
-    "Note: this command works in a streaming manner and scales well to large files",
+    "Note: this command works in a streaming manner where possible and scales well to\n" +
+    "large files. Non-streaming formats (e.g. RDF/XML) by default work on a\n" +
+    "frame-by-frame basis, but they can be combined into one dataset with the\n" +
+    "--combine option. RDF/XML will only serialize the default model.",
 )
 @ArgsName("<file-to-convert>")
 case class RdfFromJellyOptions(
@@ -47,6 +52,11 @@ case class RdfFromJellyOptions(
         IndexRange.helpText,
     )
     takeFrames: String = "",
+    @HelpMessage(
+      "Add to combine the results into one dataset, when using a non-streaming output format. " +
+        "Ignored otherwise. Take care with input size, as this option will load everything into memory.",
+    )
+    combine: Boolean = false,
 ) extends HasJellyCommandOptions
 
 object RdfFromJelly extends RdfSerDesCommand[RdfFromJellyOptions, RdfFormat.Writeable]:
@@ -58,7 +68,7 @@ object RdfFromJelly extends RdfSerDesCommand[RdfFromJellyOptions, RdfFormat.Writ
   lazy val printUtil: RdfCommandPrintUtil[RdfFormat.Writeable] = RdfFromJellyPrint
 
   val defaultAction: (InputStream, OutputStream) => Unit =
-    jellyToLang(RdfFormat.NQuads.jenaLang, _, _)
+    (in, out) => jellyToLang(in, StreamRDFWriter.getWriterStream(out, RdfFormat.NQuads.jenaLang))
 
   private def takeFrames: IndexRange = IndexRange(getOptions.takeFrames, "--take-frames")
 
@@ -72,9 +82,16 @@ object RdfFromJelly extends RdfSerDesCommand[RdfFromJellyOptions, RdfFormat.Writ
   override def matchFormatToAction(
       format: RdfFormat.Writeable,
   ): Option[(InputStream, OutputStream) => Unit] =
-    format match
-      case j: RdfFormat.Jena.Writeable => Some(jellyToLang(j.jenaLang, _, _))
-      case RdfFormat.JellyText => Some(jellyBinaryToText)
+    (format, getOptions.combine) match
+      case (j: RdfFormat.Jena.StreamWriteable, _) =>
+        Some((in, out) => jellyToLang(in, StreamRDFWriter.getWriterStream(out, j.jenaLang)))
+      case (j: RdfFormat.Jena.BatchWriteable, true) =>
+        Some((in, out) =>
+          StreamRdfCombiningBatchWriter(out, j.jenaLang).runAndOutput(x => jellyToLang(in, x)),
+        )
+      case (j: RdfFormat.Jena.BatchWriteable, false) =>
+        Some((in, out) => jellyToLang(in, StreamRdfBatchWriter(out, j.jenaLang)))
+      case (RdfFormat.JellyText, _) => Some(jellyBinaryToText)
 
   /** This method reads the Jelly file, rewrites it to specified format and writes it to some output
     * stream
@@ -86,11 +103,9 @@ object RdfFromJelly extends RdfSerDesCommand[RdfFromJellyOptions, RdfFormat.Writ
     *   OutputStream
     */
   private def jellyToLang(
-      jenaLang: Lang,
       inputStream: InputStream,
-      outputStream: OutputStream,
+      writer: StreamRDF,
   ): Unit =
-    val writer = StreamRDFWriter.getWriterStream(outputStream, jenaLang)
     // Whether the output is active at this moment
     var outputEnabled = false
     val handler = new AnyStatementHandler[Node] {
diff --git a/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/util/RdfFormat.scala b/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/util/RdfFormat.scala
index 42cb8a2..3a2d7b7 100644
--- a/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/util/RdfFormat.scala
+++ b/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/util/RdfFormat.scala
@@ -16,45 +16,46 @@ object RdfFormat:
     val jenaLang: Lang
 
   object Jena:
-    sealed trait Writeable extends Jena, RdfFormat.Writeable
+    sealed trait StreamWriteable extends Jena, RdfFormat.Writeable
     sealed trait Readable extends Jena, RdfFormat.Readable
+    sealed trait BatchWriteable extends Jena, RdfFormat.Writeable
 
-  case object NQuads extends RdfFormat.Jena.Writeable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object NQuads extends RdfFormat.Jena.StreamWriteable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
     override val fullName: String = "N-Quads"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("nq", "nquads")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.NQUADS
 
-  case object NTriples extends RdfFormat.Jena.Writeable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object NTriples extends RdfFormat.Jena.StreamWriteable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
     override val fullName: String = "N-Triples"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("nt", "ntriples")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.NTRIPLES
 
-  case object Turtle extends RdfFormat.Jena.Writeable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object Turtle extends RdfFormat.Jena.StreamWriteable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
     override val fullName: String = "Turtle"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("ttl", "turtle")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.TURTLE
 
-  case object TriG extends RdfFormat.Jena.Writeable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object TriG extends RdfFormat.Jena.StreamWriteable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
     override val fullName: String = "TriG"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("trig")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.TRIG
 
-  case object RdfProto extends RdfFormat.Jena.Writeable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object RdfProto extends RdfFormat.Jena.StreamWriteable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
     override val fullName: String = "RDF Protobuf"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("jenaproto", "jena-proto")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.RDFPROTO
 
-  case object Thrift extends RdfFormat.Jena.Writeable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object Thrift extends RdfFormat.Jena.StreamWriteable, RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
     override val fullName: String = "RDF Thrift"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("jenathrift", "jena-thrift")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.RDFTHRIFT
 
-  case object RdfXml extends RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object RdfXml extends RdfFormat.Jena.Readable, RdfFormat.Jena.BatchWriteable:
     override val fullName: String = "RDF/XML"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("rdfxml", "rdf-xml")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.RDFXML
 
-  case object JsonLd extends RdfFormat.Jena.Readable:
+  case object JsonLd extends RdfFormat.Jena.Readable, RdfFormat.Jena.BatchWriteable:
     override val fullName: String = "JSON-LD"
     override val cliOptions: List[String] = List("jsonld", "json-ld")
     override val jenaLang: Lang = RDFLanguages.JSONLD
diff --git a/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/util/jena/StreamRdfBatchWriter.scala b/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/util/jena/StreamRdfBatchWriter.scala
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95253a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/util/jena/StreamRdfBatchWriter.scala
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+package eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.util.jena
+
+import org.apache.jena.riot.system.StreamRDF
+import org.apache.jena.sparql.core.Quad
+import org.apache.jena.graph.Triple
+import org.apache.jena.riot.system.StreamRDFLib
+import java.io.OutputStream
+import org.apache.jena.riot.Lang
+import org.apache.jena.riot.RDFDataMgr
+import org.apache.jena.query.DatasetFactory
+import org.apache.jena.query.Dataset
+
+/** A StreamRDF implementation that collects everything into a Model. When finishing, formats
+  * everything according to the lang, and emits it to the outputStream. This is meant to be a
+  * fallback for non-streaming RDF formats, as it requires all data to be loaded in memory.
+  */
+class StreamRdfBatchWriter(val outputStream: OutputStream, val lang: Lang) extends StreamRDF:
+  protected val dataset: Dataset = DatasetFactory.create()
+  protected val datasetStream: StreamRDF = StreamRDFLib.dataset(dataset.asDatasetGraph())
+  override def quad(quad: Quad): Unit = datasetStream.quad(quad)
+  override def triple(triple: Triple): Unit = datasetStream.triple(triple)
+  override def prefix(prefix: String, iri: String): Unit = datasetStream.prefix(prefix, iri)
+  override def base(base: String): Unit = datasetStream.base(base)
+  override def finish(): Unit = writeOutput()
+  override def start(): Unit = ()
+  def writeOutput(): Unit =
+    if lang == Lang.RDFXML then RDFDataMgr.write(outputStream, dataset.getDefaultModel, lang)
+    else RDFDataMgr.write(outputStream, dataset, lang)
+  def runAndOutput(runnable: StreamRDF => Unit): Unit = {
+    runnable(this)
+    writeOutput()
+  }
+
+class StreamRdfCombiningBatchWriter(outputStream: OutputStream, lang: Lang)
+    extends StreamRdfBatchWriter(outputStream, lang):
+  override def finish(): Unit = ()
diff --git a/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/helpers/DataGenHelper.scala b/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/helpers/DataGenHelper.scala
index 3933bb7..df96898 100644
--- a/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/helpers/DataGenHelper.scala
+++ b/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/helpers/DataGenHelper.scala
@@ -148,3 +148,14 @@ object DataGenHelper:
     RDFDataMgr.write(outputStream, dataset, jenaLang)
     val nQuadStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(outputStream.toByteArray)
     nQuadStream
+
+  def generateJellyInputStreamDataset(
+      nGraphs: Int,
+      nTriplesPerGraph: Int,
+      differentiator: String,
+  ): ByteArrayInputStream =
+    val model = generateDataset(nGraphs, nTriplesPerGraph, differentiator)
+    val outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream()
+    RDFDataMgr.write(outputStream, model, JellyLanguage.JELLY)
+    val jellyStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(outputStream.toByteArray)
+    jellyStream
diff --git a/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJellySpec.scala b/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJellySpec.scala
index 1a97cad..903c1ad 100644
--- a/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJellySpec.scala
+++ b/src/test/scala/eu/neverblink/jelly/cli/command/rdf/RdfFromJellySpec.scala
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.command.helpers.*
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.cli.command.rdf.util.RdfFormat
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.core.proto.v1.{PhysicalStreamType, RdfStreamFrame}
 import eu.neverblink.jelly.core.{JellyOptions, JellyTranscoderFactory}
-import org.apache.jena.riot.RDFLanguages
+import org.apache.jena.query.DatasetFactory
 import org.scalatest.matchers.should.Matchers
 import org.scalatest.wordspec.AnyWordSpec
 
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermissions
 import java.nio.file.{Files, Paths}
 import scala.io.Source
 import scala.util.Using
+import org.apache.jena.riot.RDFDataMgr
+import org.apache.jena.rdf.model.ModelFactory
 
 class RdfFromJellySpec extends AnyWordSpec with Matchers with TestFixtureHelper:
 
@@ -217,6 +219,58 @@ class RdfFromJellySpec extends AnyWordSpec with Matchers with TestFixtureHelper:
       }
     }
 
+    "handle conversion of Jelly binary to various formats" when {
+      for (lang, header) <- Seq(
+          (RdfFormat.JsonLd, "\\{\n {4}\"@graph\":".r),
+          (RdfFormat.RdfXml, "<rdf:RDF".r),
+        )
+      do
+        s"input stream to output ${lang.fullName} stream" in {
+          val input = DataGenHelper.generateJellyInputStream(testCardinality)
+          RdfFromJelly.setStdIn(input)
+          val model = DataGenHelper.generateTripleModel(testCardinality)
+          val (out, err) = RdfFromJelly.runTestCommand(
+            List("rdf", "from-jelly", "--out-format", lang.cliOptions.head),
+          )
+          val newModel = ModelFactory.createDefaultModel()
+          RDFDataMgr.read(newModel, new ByteArrayInputStream(out.getBytes()), lang.jenaLang)
+          model.isIsomorphicWith(newModel) shouldBe true
+        }
+
+        s"dataset input stream to output ${lang.fullName} stream" in {
+          val input = DataGenHelper.generateJellyInputStreamDataset(2, testCardinality, "")
+          RdfFromJelly.setStdIn(input)
+          val dataset = DataGenHelper.generateDataset(2, testCardinality, "")
+          val (out, err) = RdfFromJelly.runTestCommand(
+            List("rdf", "from-jelly", "--out-format", lang.cliOptions.head),
+          )
+          val newDataset = DatasetFactory.create()
+          RDFDataMgr.read(newDataset, new ByteArrayInputStream(out.getBytes()), lang.jenaLang)
+          newDataset.isEmpty shouldBe false
+          dataset.getDefaultModel.isIsomorphicWith(newDataset.getDefaultModel) shouldBe true
+          if lang != RdfFormat.RdfXml then
+            dataset.getNamedModel("http://example.org/graph/2").isIsomorphicWith(
+              newDataset.getNamedModel("http://example.org/graph/2"),
+            ) shouldBe true
+        }
+
+        s"multiple frames input stream to output ${lang.fullName} stream without --combine flag" in {
+          RdfFromJelly.setStdIn(ByteArrayInputStream(input10Frames))
+          val (out, err) = RdfFromJelly.runTestCommand(
+            List("rdf", "from-jelly", "--out-format", lang.cliOptions.head),
+          )
+          header.findAllIn(out).length shouldBe 10
+        }
+
+        s"multiple frames input stream to output ${lang.fullName} stream with --combine flag" in {
+          RdfFromJelly.setStdIn(ByteArrayInputStream(input10Frames))
+          val (out, err) = RdfFromJelly.runTestCommand(
+            List("rdf", "from-jelly", "--combine", "--out-format", lang.cliOptions.head),
+          )
+          header.findAllIn(out).length shouldBe 1
+        }
+    }
+
     "throw proper exception" when {
       "input file is not found" in {
         val nonExist = "non-existing-file"
@@ -339,34 +393,6 @@ class RdfFromJellySpec extends AnyWordSpec with Matchers with TestFixtureHelper:
         }
       }
 
-      "readable but not writable format supplied" in withFullJellyFile { j =>
-        withEmptyJenaFile(
-          testCode = { q =>
-            val exception =
-              intercept[ExitException] {
-                RdfFromJelly.runTestCommand(
-                  List(
-                    "rdf",
-                    "from-jelly",
-                    j,
-                    "--to",
-                    q,
-                    "--out-format",
-                    RdfFormat.RdfXml.cliOptions.head,
-                  ),
-                )
-              }
-            val msg = InvalidFormatSpecified(
-              RdfFormat.RdfXml.cliOptions.head,
-              RdfFromJellyPrint.validFormatsString,
-            )
-            RdfFromJelly.getErrString should include(msg.getMessage)
-            exception.code should be(1)
-          },
-          jenaLang = RDFLanguages.RDFXML,
-        )
-      }
-
       "invalid --take-frames argument provided" in {
         val e = intercept[ExitException] {
           RdfFromJelly.runTestCommand(