Islet autoantibody seroconversion in type-1 diabetes is associated with metagenome-assembled genomes in infant gut microbiomes

This dataset, curated by Zhang et al., explores the relationship between the gut microbiome and islet autoantibody (IA) seroconversion, a critical early indicator of Type-1 diabetes (T1D) risk. The study leverages high-quality metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) to uncover microbial and functional genomic signatures associated with IA seroconversion.

Study Design

• Population: 887 children at risk for T1D from the Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) cohort.

• Sampling Period: Longitudinal sampling from 3 months to 72 months of age, with a total of 12,276 fecal samples.

• Metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) Reconstruction: Samples from the same individual at different time points were pooled for analysis, yielding 21,536 MAGs. Species Representation: MAGs covered 883 species, including 176 novel species previously uncharacterized in human microbiome studies.

Key Findings

Associations with IA Seroconversion:

• 2,373 MAGs were positively associated with IA seroconversion.
• 1,549 MAGs were negatively associated with IA seroconversion.

Functional Genomics Insights:

• Positive Associations: Functional signatures in IA-positive MAGs include lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis (Bacteroides MAGs) and sulfate reduction (Anaerostipes MAGs).

• Negative Associations: Functional signatures in IA-negative MAGs include carbohydrate degradation (lactic acid bacteria MAGs) and nitrate reduction (Escherichia MAGs).

Citation

Zhang, Li, et al. "Islet autoantibody seroconversion in type-1 diabetes is associated with metagenome-assembled genomes in infant gut microbiomes." Nature communications 13.1 (2022): 3551. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31227-1

File Description

The high-quality MAGs and associated functional annotations in this dataset downloaded from PRJEB40730, the sample metadata included the detail methodologies applied to recover MAGs, the quality accessment of the draft genomes, and the biosamples from which the genomes were sourcing.