Add user documentation for -Zvirtual-function-elimination

Author: flip1995

src/doc/unstable-book/src/compiler-flags/virtual-function-elimination.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+# `virtual-function-elimination`
+
+This option controls whether LLVM runs the Virtual Function Elimination (VFE)
+optimization. This optimization in only available with LTO, so this flag can
+only be passed if [`-Clto`][Clto] is also passed.
+
+VFE makes it possible to remove functions from vtables that are never
+dynamically called by the rest of the code. Without this flag, LLVM makes the
+really conservative assumption, that if any function in a vtable is called, no
+function that is referenced by this vtable can be removed. With this flag
+additional information are given to LLVM, so that it can determine which
+functions are actually called and remove the unused functions.
+
+## Limitations
+
+At the time of writing this flag may remove vtable functions too eagerly. One
+such example is in this code:
+
+```rust
+trait Foo { fn foo(&self) { println!("foo") } }
+
+impl Foo for usize {}
+
+pub struct FooBox(Box<dyn Foo>);
+
+pub fn make_foo() -> FooBox { FooBox(Box::new(0)) }
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn f(a: FooBox) { a.0.foo() }
+```
+
+In the above code the `Foo` trait is private, so an assumption is made that its
+functions can only be seen/called from the current crate and can therefore get
+optimized out, if unused. However, with `make_foo` you can produce a wrapped
+`dyn Foo` type outside of the current crate, which can then be used in `f`. Due
+to inlining of `f`, `Foo::foo` can then be called from a foreign crate. This can
+lead to miscompilations.
+
+[Clto]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/rustc/codegen-options/index.html#lto